Application Of Conducting Polymers Research Articles

Electrical Properties of Polymers

With today’s material technologies pushing the envelopes in terms of performance and cost, Evaristo Riande and Ricardo Diaz-Calleja have provided a timely work to address those intriguing aspects of materials, i.e., electrical properties. This book review focuses on certain chapters of interest based on past experience and interest areas. The authors have provided a very comprehensive work providing a suitable amount of theory to explain the concepts. Each chapter is followed by exercises and, when necessary, appendices to provide detail on derivations and other theoretical aspects.In Chap. 2, the reader learns about dielectric friction. Under alternating electric fields, rotation of dipoles produce a time-varying electric field outside the cavity and energy is dissipated in the surroundings because of dielectric loss. This energy dissipation has the effect of slowing down rotations of dipoles. This effect is dielectric friction. Chapter 8 discusses dielectric relaxation processes. The authors do a nice job of explaining the mechanics behind this phenomenon. This reviewer found the information useful since he could relate to his experience in using polymeric adhesives and the criticality of allowing processed parts a chance to relax in order to maximize material property benefits. Chapter 9 expands the discussion into relaxation of these materials in the glassy state. Chapter 12 does a good job of explaining piezoelectricity. The applications aspect of the chapter could have been enhanced by including sonar transducers and hydrophones as examples of the use of piezoelectric effect.Chapter 14 addresses conductive (electrically) polymers. The authors do a commendable job of explaining the scientific basis of these materials. Information is also provided on the application of conductive polymers to semiconductors and rechargeable batteries.In summary, Riande and Diaz-Calleja have provided a very good text. They do a good job of focusing on physical fundamentals to molecular behavior (e.g., dynamics and relaxations.) The content was presented in a format that greatly aids the reader in understanding the basic makeup of these materials. This book would greatly compliment, as well as enhance, a graduate course in advanced materials. It would also be a useful desk reference and is recommended for materials engineers.

Electropolymerized Multilayer Conducting Polymers with Response to Gaseous Hydrogen Chloride

AbstractSummary: A step‐by‐step ‘all‐electrochemical’ approach has been presented to develop a multilayer structure of conducting polymers for gas sensors. The integrated structure includes a sensitive layer (polyaniline, PANI) and a conductive bridge consisting of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Good sensitivity, stability, and response of the multilayer material to gaseous HCl indicate a possible application of conductive polymers to provide a binding of sensitive elements in sensors or other fields.The conducting multilayer material, Au/pATP/PANI/PEDOT, was synthesized electrochemically.magnified imageThe conducting multilayer material, Au/pATP/PANI/PEDOT, was synthesized electrochemically.

Hybrid organic-inorganic electrolytic capacitors

Organic capacitors are among the most significant applications of conductive polymers, allowing the realization of lightweight and flexible dispositives. The main drawback of completely organic capacitors is the very low dielectric rigidity, due to irregular surface of the polymer-polymer interface. This paper describes our hybrid solution using aluminum electrodes, with the very important characteristic of easy connection between contacts of the discrete dispositive and electrodes. Chemical, technological, and functional tests have been conducted to estimate the effective values of this device, and natural properties of self-healing and nonpolarity have been investigated.

Conductive polymer composite PET film with excellent antistatic properties

There have been few applications of conductive polymers as antistatic agents for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films for packaging, since they lack formability and transparency. A new antistatic film has been developed by coating PET with an alcohol-water solution containing a water soluble conductive polymer, sulphonated polyaniline (SPAn), and a water soluble or water dispersible polymer, which acts as a binder. It was found that this combination gave excellent antistatic properties. The SPAn antistatic polymer (ASP) composite PET films have special characteristics, such as good transparency, excellent antistatic properties (surface resistivity Rs=106-1010 Omega) at low humidity (15%RH), and good resistance to heat, water, and ammonia. In addition, ASP-PET films have a high capacity to retain their Rs values after drawing to a draw ratio of 3. Such characteristics of ASP-PET are ascribed not only to the fundamental properties of SPAn and the polyester binder, but also the affinity of the two polymers, which appears to result in the effective formation of a conductive network of SPAn within the polyester binder.

Dispersion as the link between basic research and commercial applications of conductive polymers (polyaniline)

A critical review is given about the status and potentials of commercial applications of conductive polymers, mainly polyaniline. It is shown that ‘dispersion’ has evolved to be the necessary key for making conductive polymers suitable for industrial applications, at least if ‘conductive’ (i.e. ‘doped’ conjugated polymers) and not neutral, ‘undoped’ conjugated polymers are under review.

Application of Conductive Polymers in Bone Regeneration

AbstractThe role of electromagnetism in the physiology of the human body and in the healing process is well accepted. Electroactive polymers, such as electrically conducting polymers, by virtue of their susceptibility to either electrical, mechanical, optical or thermal phenomena, could be utilized as an interface between the external world and the physiological environment1. In this study we have evaluated the utility of polypyrrole (PPy)-a conductive polymer, as an interactive substrate for inducing differentiation in bovine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). It was observed, the PPy is an excellent substrate for BMSC attachment, proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, an application of an electrical stimulus (ES) to BMSC via PPy substrate was found to enhance the osteogenic commitment of these cells.

Toward real applications of conductive polymers

The chemical polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of textile substrates results in the formation of electrically conducting, polypyrrole coated fabrics. Applications of these materials include microwave attenuation, static charge dissipation, and EMI shielding. The degradation kinetics of the electrical conductivity of these materials has been investigated and found to proceed by multiple rate laws. In the initial stages of conductivity loss, a diffusion controlled mechanism predominates, where oxygen diffusion into the polypyrrole film is rate limiting. At longer times, the degradation follows a simple first-order decay. The dopant anion employed during polymerization has a profound influence on the stability of the resulting film, and SEM analysis indicate that film morphology plays an important role in this effect. In the absence of oxygen, conductivity loss is significantly slower and displays a strong dependence on chloride content.

Survey of Industrial Applications of Conducting Polymers

A civilization often is named after the material which dominates in tool-making. Therefore historians speak of the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age. Following these lines our present time would be called Silicon Age [1]. Without doubt, information technology has a decisive influence on all aspects of our everyday life and the material basis of information technology is silicon. Will there be a Gallium-Arsenide Age in the future? Or a Diamond Age, or an Organic Age, a Molecular Electronics Age? Diamond can be used as a semiconductor at higher temperatures than silicon, and diamond has a better thermal conductivity. Organics (phtalocyanines, conjugated polymers, dye-stuffs etc.) allow for a higher integration density than inorganic semiconductors. Will the emergence of diamond, polymers, and fullerenes as high-tech materials lead to a Carbon Age following the Silicon Age? Mankind has invested hundreds of thousands of man-years into research and development (R&D) of silicon technology and consequently silicon is the

Book reviews

Abstract Abstract Applied Chaos. Edited by J. H. KIM and J. STRINGER. (New York, Chichester and Brisbane: Wiley, 1992.) [Pp. xviii + 541 +subject index.] Price £45.50 hard cover. Inorganic and Organometallic Oligomers and Polymers. Edited by J. F. HARROD and R. M. LAINE. (Dordrecht, Boston and London: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991.) [Pp. xv + 316. Price Dfl 180-00/US $115.00/£62.00 hard cover. Band Theory of Solids: An Introduction from the Point of View of Symmetry. By S. L. ALTMANN. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991.) [Pp.xiv + 286 +subject index.] Price £37.50 hard cover. Science and Applications of Conducting Polymers. Edited by W. R. SALANECK, D. T. CLARK and E. J. SAMUELSEN. (Bristol, Philadelphia and New York: Adam Hilger, 1991.) [Pp. viii + 185 + subject index.] Price £32.50 hard cover. Inorganic Materials. Edited by D. W. BRUCE and D. O'HARE (Chichester, New York and Brisbane: Wiley, 1992.) [Pp. xiv + 535 + subject index.] Price £55.00. Electron Transfer in Inorganic, Organic, and Biological Systems. Edited by J. R. BOLTON, N. MATAGA, and G. McLENDON. (Washington DC: American Chemical Society, 1991.) [Pp. viii + 295 + subject index.] Price £62.00 hard cover. Fullerenes. Synthesis, Properties, and Chemistry of Large Carbon Clusters. Edited by G. S. HAMMOND and V. J. KUCK. ACS Symposium Series 481. (Washington DC: American Chemical Society, 1992.) [Pp. xiii + 188+ subject index.] Price US $44.95 hard cover.

導電性高分子の応用

導電性高分子の応用

Polymer battery employing polyacenic semiconductor

Recently, we have succeeded to prepare a new type of polyacenic semiconductor (PAS) which is made in the form of sheet or plate with a bulk density of about 0.4g/cm 3 from phenol-formaldehyde resin through pyrolytic process. A typical PAS has a H/C molar ratio of 0.25 and an electrical conductivity of 10 −5S/cm. The specific surface area is above 2000m 2/g and the bending strength is 100–150kg/cm 2. We constructed two types of storage batteries using a disk formed PAS as electrode and solution of lM LiClO 4 in SL + γ-BL (1:1 in volume) as electrolyte. These batteries displayed excellent reversibility for electrochemical doping-undoping process and very small self-discharge. We believe PAS battery is one of the first application of conductive polymers for practical use.

Application of conductive polymers to secondary battery

Electrical Engineering in JapanVolume 107, Issue 5 p. 1-9 Article Application of conductive polymers to secondary battery Masao Morishita, Masao Morishita The Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc.Search for more papers by this authorSueki Abe, Sueki Abe The Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc.Search for more papers by this authorAkio Nojiri, Akio Nojiri Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.Search for more papers by this authorKenji Shinozaki, Kenji Shinozaki Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.Search for more papers by this author Masao Morishita, Masao Morishita The Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc.Search for more papers by this authorSueki Abe, Sueki Abe The Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc.Search for more papers by this authorAkio Nojiri, Akio Nojiri Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.Search for more papers by this authorKenji Shinozaki, Kenji Shinozaki Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.Search for more papers by this author First published: 1987 https://doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391070501Citations: 7AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume107, Issue51987Pages 1-9 RelatedInformation

導電性高分子材料の電池への応用の研究

導電性高分子材料の電池への応用の研究