Prototype Application Research Articles

Mobile Phone Application to Support Self-care for Portuguese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes disproportionately affects certain racial and ethnic groups, including the Portuguese American population, one of the largest ethnic groups in the United States. Despite their substantial presence, the unique challenges and needs of this population in managing diabetes have been overlooked. Lacking cultural sensitivity poses challenges in providing adequate healthcare. No studies have investigated developing diabetes mobile applications specifically for Portuguese American users. This study aimed to use the design thinking methodology to develop a culturally appropriate diabetes mobile application for Portuguese Americans with type 2 diabetes. Phase 1 of the three phases of this study, presented in this article, aimed to understand users’ needs and preferences in adopting mobile apps to improve diabetes self-care. The results demonstrate that most participants expressed a positive attitude toward using mobile apps. They suggested five crucial instruments to be included in the mobile application to promote diabetes self-care: blood glucose monitoring, weight tracking, carbohydrate counting, an exercise log, and medication reminders. They emphasized the importance of cultural sensitivity, including incorporating traditional Portuguese dietary choices into the mobile application. These findings inform the subsequent phases of this study, ensuring that the prototype application is culturally sensitive and tailored to the specific needs of the Portuguese American population.

Mobile Application with Artificial Intelligence Chatbots for Dengue Information and Management

Dengue fever has intensified in recent years, affecting millions, with an estimated 100 to 400 million people yearly; approximately 80% of these cases have been reported in the Americas. This develops a prototype of a mobile application that includes artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots for dengue management and information. The design thinking methodology was applied, which was useful due to its focus on user needs, allowing the identification of key problems in dengue management and the design of innovative and functional solutions. The results were validated by experts using criteria such as technology, innovation, and feasibility with an average score of 4.26 and users using criteria such as functionality, usability, and accessibility with an average score of 4.28, showing a high level of acceptance. This tool has the potential to improve early disease detection, facilitating data collection and real-time interaction with patients. Through the use of AI, the application aims to optimize case management, reduce serious complications, and support health systems in at-risk areas.

Enhancing Precision Beekeeping by the Macro-Level Environmental Analysis of Crowdsourced Spatial Data

Precision beekeeping focuses on ICT approaches to collect data through various IoT solutions and systems, providing detailed information about individual bee colonies and apiaries at a local scale. Since the flight radius of honeybees is equal to several kilometers, it is essential to explore the specific conditions of the selected area. To address this, the aim of this study was to explore the potential of using crowdsourced data combined with geographic information system (GIS) solutions to support beekeepers’ decision-making on a larger scale. This study investigated possible methods for processing open geospatial data from the OpenStreetMap (OSM) database for the environmental analysis and assessment of the suitability of selected areas. The research included developing methods for obtaining, classifying, and analyzing OSM data. As a result, the structure of OSM data and data retrieval methods were studied. Subsequently, an experimental spatial data classifier was developed and applied to evaluate the suitability of territories for beekeeping. For demonstration purposes, an experimental prototype of a web-based GIS application was developed to showcase the results and illustrate the general concept of this solution. In conclusion, the main goals for further research development were identified, along with potential scenarios for applying this approach in real-world conditions.

Development of an educational and monitoring mobile application for pregnant women in Nigeria

IntroductionNigeria accounts for 20% of all maternal mortality. Recently, more mobile health technology (mHealth) interventions are emerging in sub-Saharan Africa. The potential of mobile applications in maternal care has not been explored in Nigeria. This study describes the process of design, development, and testing of an educational and monitoring mobile application for pregnant women in Nigeria.MethodUsing a user-centered design, we conducted semi-structured interviews at each stage of mobile application development with pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Oyo State, Nigeria. The first interview focused on empathy, followed by alpha and beta testing of the mobile application prototype at health facilities.ResultsThe barriers to accessing perinatal care were the distance to the nearest facility (mean = 3.3 km), lack of perinatal education, and cost. The low-fidelity prototype of the mobile application was designed with five features. Mobile applications increased the level of knowledge of preeclampsia by 179%. User feedback from alpha testing informed the development of a high-fidelity prototype for beta testing. Ninety-five percent (95%) of pregnant women surveyed were willing to download the mobile application. The final application developed was uploaded to the Google Play Store (MyBelle pregnancy application).ConclusionmHealth applications have the potential to increase access to prenatal information and services in Nigeria and may reduce maternal and childhood mortality. This study has described the process of development of the first indigenous mobile application specifically for pregnant women in Nigeria using a user-centered design thinking approach.

Semantic search helper: A tool based on the use of embeddings in multi-item questionnaires as a harmonization opportunity for merging large datasets - A feasibility study.

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP), particularly in language processing methods, have opened new avenues in semantic data analysis. A promising application of NLP is data harmonization in questionnaire-based cohort studies, where it can be used as an additional method, specifically when only different instruments are available for one construct as well as for the evaluation of potentially new construct-constellations. The present article therefore explores embedding models' potential to detect opportunities for semantic harmonization. Using models like SBERT and OpenAI's ADA, we developed a prototype application ("Semantic Search Helper") to facilitate the harmonization process of detecting semantically similar items within extensive health-related datasets. The approach's feasibility and applicability were evaluated through a use case analysis involving data from four large cohort studies with heterogeneous data obtained with a different set of instruments for common constructs. With the prototype, we effectively identified potential harmonization pairs, which significantly reduced manual evaluation efforts. Expert ratings of semantic similarity candidates showed high agreement with model-generated pairs, confirming the validity of our approach. This study demonstrates the potential of embeddings in matching semantic similarity as a promising add-on tool to assist harmonization processes of multiplex data sets and instruments but with similar content, within and across studies.

Co-developing, co-creating, and testing an educational mobile health application prototype on oral cancer: A mixed methods study protocol

Introduction Globally, oral cancer is the 15th deadliest cancer among humans. Diverse health education interventions have played a very significant role in the prevention of oral cancer. Of these interventions, digital interventions, especially mhealth-driven interventions, have been largely underutilized. So far, only two known educative mobile health applications (MHAs) for oral cancer exits; unfortunately, these two applications are not comprehensive and not inclusive for diverse populations. There is a need for a comprehensive and more inclusive MHA that can be used to educate the public about oral cancer. Objectives To co-develop, co-create, and test a comprehensive and inclusive MHA that can be used to educate the public about oral cancer. Methods The proposed study will be conducted and reported using the PRODUCES (PRoblem, Objective, Design, (end-) Users, Co-creators, Evaluation, Scalability) framework—this framework provides a novel approach which can be used to develop mhealth interventions through participatory action research methodologies. This study will have three parts. The first part will co-develop an eight-sectioned lay educational content on oral cancer through three-round Delphi consultations with thirty subject matter experts in the field of oral cancer and public health. Using the co-developed educational content, the second part of this study will co-create an educative MHA prototype on oral cancer through three-round Delphi consultations with twenty digital communication experts and persons at risk of oral cancer. Lastly, the third part will, through a three-arm, parallel, open-label randomized control trial, test and compare, among seventy-five young adults, the effectiveness, usability, uptake, and acceptability of the co-created MHA prototype on oral cancer against a web-based educational resource on oral cancer. Conclusion The outcomes of this study will co-produce and test an inclusive and comprehensive MHA prototype that can be used to educate diverse populations across the world about oral cancer.

Hydraulic performance of a pre-aerated stilling basin: Experimental study.

Spillway chutes are critical in dam flood control, particularly in high dams where high water heads and large discharge in narrow canyons amplify the demand for safe discharging. For large unit discharges in spillways, aeration protection is essential to prevent cavitation erosion, but challenges arise from air duct choking in the traditional spillway and nonaerated regions in the stepped spillway. This paper introduces a novel spillway called the pre-aerated stilling basin spillway (PSBS). The primary distinction between PSBS and conventional spillways lies in the placement of aeration facilities. Conventional spillways feature a curved transition section that directly connects to the spillway. In contrast, the PSBS is equipped with a WES crest weir and a vertical sill of the same width, which converts supercritical to subcritical flow. This process strongly entrains air through hydraulic jumps at spillway entrances, thereby preventing cavitation damage. The study aims to experimentally investigate the flow regime, energy dissipation within the PSB, and the near-wall air concentration to ensure effective mitigation of cavitation damage downstream. The findings highlight the impact of the PSB on changing the jump type and relative local energy loss, influenced by the incoming Froude number, sill height, and sill length. Influenced by these factors, the variation in air concentration is crucial for reducing cavitation damage, necessitating potential adjustments in prototype applications to account for scale effects. Under such a pre-aeration approach, the air concentration along the downstream spillway warrants further investigation for the continuous optimization of the PSB's design and its integration with spillways.

Development of a Moblie Phone E-Nursing Application Prototype to Improve Self-Care for Heart Failure Patients

Development of a Moblie Phone E-Nursing Application Prototype to Improve Self-Care for Heart Failure Patients

Development of a Web-Based Independent Curriculum Learning Assessment Application System for Raudhatul Athfal Teachers

This study designs a web-based application model that is able to support the Merdeka Curriculum assessment effectively and efficiently and has obtained justification from experts and been tested on a limited scale. The method used is research and development (R&D) with the Borg and Gall model, which focuses on developing the Merdeka Curriculum learning assessment application for RA teachers. This research reached the preliminary field test stage to produce an application prototype, which still requires repeated testing on a wider scale. The results of validation by material experts show that this application is very feasible for use by RA teachers, with scores of 93.3% and 90%, respectively. Validation by media experts resulted in a score of 83.3%, indicating that the app is in the feasible category but requires some improvements. The field test showed that this application is very functional and easy to use by teachers for assessment management, with a user score of 95%. Based on these results, this study successfully developed and evaluated a web-based Merdeka Curriculum assessment application that is effective and in accordance with the needs of teachers in Raudhatul Athfal.

Photoelectrochemical-Type Photodetectors Based on Ball Milling InSe for Underwater Optoelectronic Devices.

In this paper, InSe nanosheets were synthesized by a ball milling method, and photoelectrochemical-type photodetectors (PEC PDs) based on the ball milling InSe (M-InSe) were fabricated using simulated seawater as the electrolyte. M-InSe nanosheets show good absorption in the visible region of 450-600 nm. The M-InSe PEC PDs display a good self-powered photoresponse under 525 nm irradiation, including a high responsivity of 0.8 mA/W, fast response time of 28/300 ms, and good stability. Furthermore, the InSe PEC PDs successfully demonstrated prototype application in wireless underwater optical communication and optical imaging. These results demonstrate that M-InSe holds good application prospects in underwater optoelectronic devices.

Innovative Web Design of Mobile Applications for Travel Planning: Improving the Quality of User Experience

The purpose of the study is to analyze and create a web design for a travel application that will provide effective and convenient user interaction with a digital resource. The research method: general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis (to analyze the current state of the problem and existing Ukrainian applications for travel planning), modeling method (development of a goal tree and a functional model of the problem) and prototyping method (development of a prototype of a web application for travel, taking into account modern design solutions and UX/UI approaches). The scientific novelty is the development of the most innovative and modern web application design that will meet modern user requirements and ensure effective customer interaction with the application. Conclusions. Developing a web design for a travel application that will meet modern user requirements and ensure effective interaction with a digital resource is a key component of a successful product on the market. The paper examines the current state of use of mobile travel applications, identifies their positive and negative characteristics. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the development of a travel application interface that will provide the functions of route planning and planning, recommendations for places to visit, hotel and transport booking, organization of group trips, joint route planning with other users, obtaining detailed information about events and activities, organizing excursions, sharing tips and experiences with other users. The study results can be used to develop an intuitive, convenient and functional application interface that meets the needs of users in planning and organizing travel. The results of the study can be used to develop an intuitive, user-friendly and functional application interface. This will help to increase user satisfaction and the effectiveness of their interaction with the application in the process of planning and organizing travel.

PENILAIAN APLIKASI PEMBELAJARAN SOKONGAN PELAJAR BERASASKAN REKA BENTUK PERSUASIF

Learning in this century faces significant challenges, especially during the pandemic. Online learning is one of the factors contributing to the decline in student performance due to loss of focus, lack of motivation, stress, and psychological disturbances. This situation has led to a decrease in students' motivation and attitudes towards learning. This problem can be addressed with learning technologies that can strengthen students' attitudes towards decision-making and enhance learning experiences, performance, and motivation. Communication media such as audio and video are still insufficient to meet the needs of improving students' learning experiences. Persuasive-based learning technology needs to be developed specifically to target changes in student attitudes for effective learning. This study was conducted to test the decision-support application, 'TemanKajianKu' (TKK), as a self-learning tool based on persuasive design. Among the persuasive principles to be studied are the principles of reduction, adaptation, conditioning, and self-monitoring. The target user scope is university students. The results of the study show positive responses from users of the TKK application prototype, with suggestions for improvements. Additionally, respondents stated that the TKK application can provide a positive learning experience and has the potential to strengthen effective learning experiences. The importance of this study is also in line with UKM's core objective, which drives Education 4.0 towards implementing effective learning experiences.

Design and Development of Alignzen - Posture Checker: A Prototype Application for Posture Assessment Based on Postural Grid

Design and Development of Alignzen - Posture Checker: A Prototype Application for Posture Assessment Based on Postural Grid

A promising photocathode for green hydrogen generation from sanitation water without external sacrificing agent: silver-silver oxide/poly(1H-pyrrole) dendritic nanocomposite seeded on poly-1H pyrrole film

Abstract A novel photocathode has shown promise for generating green hydrogen from sanitation water at a rate of 50 µmol/h per 10 cm², using waste water as an electrolyte in a three-electrode cell. This photocathode is composed of two layers: a poly(1H-pyrrole) seeding layer topped with a silver-silver oxide/poly(1H-pyrrole) (Ag-Ag2O-P1HP) dendritic nanocomposite. The nanocomposite exhibits broad light absorption up to 660 nm and possesses a bandgap of 1.8 eV. SEM images reveal that the Ag-Ag2O-P1HP nanocomposite consists of well-ordered semi-spherical nanoparticles, with an average size between 80 and 100 nm. These spherical nanoparticles offer a large surface area, which enhances photon absorption and trapping efficiency. Additionally, the crystalline structure is characterized by a small crystal size of 32 nm, further contributing to the material’s efficiency. Hydrogen generation performance was evaluated by measuring the current density (J ph) under white light and monochromatic light, compared to the dark current (J o). The photocathode’s sensitivity was tested using four different monochromatic wavelengths: 540, 440, 340, and 730 nm. The first three wavelengths – 540, 440, and 340 nm – resulted in high J ph values of −0.19, −0.20, and −0.21 mA/cm², respectively, indicating significant hydrogen production. Conversely, the 730 nm wavelength produced a lower J ph value of −0.17 mA/cm², as the energy at this wavelength is insufficient to induce significant bond vibrations, resulting in limited hydrogen production. The high efficiency, combined with the straightforward fabrication of this photocathode, suggests that it could be scaled up as a prototype for industrial hydrogen generation applications.

Development of an eHealth Intervention Prototype to Prevent Health Risk Behaviors Among Hispanic Adolescents: A User-Centered Formative Study.

Health risk behaviors continue to disproportionately affect Hispanic youth. Despite the existence of successful family and school-based interventions, there is a need for developing and testing individually-based preventive interventions that are easily accessed and widely disseminated. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a prototype (proof of concept) for an individual-level mobile application (app), informed by Hispanic parents and adolescents, to prevent/reduce drug use and sexual risk behaviors among Hispanic youth. An iterative user-centered approach was used to inform the development of the app prototype via focus groups with 66 participants (n = 46 adolescents, n = 20 parents). A coding team analyzed data from the focus groups and identified major themes. The coding team summarized interview data into sub-categories that yielded five intervention modules for Hispanic adolescents, three more than originally proposed (i.e., drug use and sexual risk behaviors): (1) effective communication, (2) depression, (3) sexual health, (4) drug use, and (5) mindfulness. A mobile application for health risk behaviors can be used as an additional preventive tool to decrease the existing behavioral health disparities among Hispanic youth. Incorporating a user-centered approach to inform development is important for including the needs and voices of this population.

Jagoan : Transportation Digitalization Innovation Through Application-Based Geotrail Development to Creat a Tourism Center of Excellent in the Geopark of Pasuruan Distric

Abstract Bromo Tengger Semeru Geopark is one of the well-known tourist destinations included in the National Tourism Strategic Area in Pasuruan Regency. As for the Regional Medium-term Development Plan of East Java Province 2019-2024, the Bromo Tengger Semeru Geopark is included in the priority program for developing the National Tourism Strategic Area through increasing geotrail site connectivity and developing a tourism center of excellence. However, the implementation of this program has not been well integrated due to limited access to information and transportation regarding tourist variations gate, and alternative transportation routes. This makes tourists only focus on Mount Bromo caldera tourism, resulting in fewer visitation to geo-site tourist destinations, biodiversity tourism, and cultural tourism around aspiring national geopark. For this reason, it would be beneficial if tourists could access and obtain information regarding all variations of geopark tourism destination in one mobile application called JAGOAN. This application provides a tour package selection feature along with travel schedules, and alternative transportation routes (geotrail) which are integrated with google map directions, booking and reservations, geopark events, weather conditions, and other important information in real-time. The scenarios for tourist visits in the National Tourism Strategic Area and geo-trails were analyzed using scoring and network analysis methods. Meanwhile, making an application prototype involves the process of feature planning, creating user flow, sketching lofi, creating digital designs, and prototyping. It is hoped that the results of the analysis of determining geotrail routes and developing application-based tourism will make it easier for tourists to obtain information so that they can increase tourist visits to support the realization of a tourism center of excellence in the Bromo Tengger Semeru Aspiring Geopark, Pasuruan Regency.

Integration of Hand Motion Sensor, Artificial Intelligence, and QR Code for Real-Time Monitoring of Welder’s Performance and Welding Quality: A Conceptual Framework

Abstract The welding quality, as the product of manual or semi-automatic welding process, is highly affected by the hand motion of the welders. In the shipbuilding industry, the welding inspection process is commonly performed after the welding process is finished by the welding inspectors. The research aims to develop a realtime monitoring system for welder’s performance by recording their hand motion. The hand motion sensors and QR codes are integrated through the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitor the welder’s performance and weldment quality. The realtime monitoring concept was developed by designing the monitoring concept utilising the QR code and Android mobile smartphone. The welder’s hands are equipped with the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor to record their hand motion. The motion data are transferred directly from the IMU sensor to the smartphone storage through a Bluetooth connection. The data then are uploaded to the cloud storage through the internet connection. The stored recorded data was then analysed and compared with the qualified welders’ hand motions. After welding ends, the welder reports the visual appearance of the weldment and its location as identified by the QR code through the Android system. Finally, the functionality of the application prototype is tested, and the results show that the system can be used practically for real-time monitoring of welder performance and welding quality.

Exploring user preferences: customisation and attitudes towards notifications in mobile health and well-being applications

ABSTRACT In mobile technologies for health and well-being (mHealth), push notifications are a widely used tool to implement persuasive strategies. However, little research has been carried out to investigate the impact of notifications in such technologies and users' attitudes towards them. In this study, we address this gap by exploring the role of notifications and their customisation in the context of mobile applications that promote social, mental, or physical well-being. Based on observational data collected from 152 participants, we investigate users' attitudes and preferences towards notifications and explore how they differ along demographic dimensions. In addition, we then verified these results with behavioural measures and attitude ratings through a user study (N = 31), which saw participants interacting with a prototype of a mHealth application. Our findings show that customisation of notifications is a desired feature that can be used to improve the persuasive aspect of mHealth applications. Implications derived from our study can provide guidance for researchers and practitioners alike when designing app notifications to create better motivating, meaningful, and persuasive experiences.

Design of a Prototype Application for Predicting Death Due to Heart Failure Using Machine Learning Methods Based on Heart Failure Clinical Records Data

This research aims to develop a prototype of the Heart Failure Death Prediction Application using machine learning methods based on clinical data from the Heart Failure Clinical Records. The application utilizes clinical patient data, such as age, blood pressure, ejection fraction, creatinine levels, and other attributes, to build a predictive model for mortality risk. Several machines learning algorithms, including Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), were employed to model and analyze the data. The dataset used in this study consists of 299 clinical records with 13 attribute columns. The target attribute is Death Event, while other attributes, such as age, gender, medical history (anemia, diabetes, high blood pressure), and laboratory test results (creatinine, sodium, and ejection fraction), were used as predictors. The application is equipped with several main menus to support its functionality, such as the Dashboard, which provides a summary of statistical prediction information and related reports, and Blog/News, which offers heart health education. The Data Master menu allows for the management of supporting data, while the Diagnosis menu is used to perform predictions based on patient input data. The Diagnosis History menu stores previous prediction results, while the Patient Data menu facilitates the management of patient information.

3D Printing of Continuous Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Composites: Characterization of the In-Plane Mechanical Properties and Anisotropy Evaluation.

Usage of continuous fibers as a reinforcement would definitely increase the mechanical properties of 3D-printed materials. The result is a continuous fiber-reinforced composite obtained by additive manufacturing that is not limited to prototyping or non-structural applications. Among the available continuous reinforcing fibers, basalt has not been extensively studied in 3D printing. This material is attractive due to its natural origin, good mechanical properties, impact strength, and high chemical and thermal resistance. In this work, a continuous basalt fiber co-extruded composite obtained by fused filament fabrication was characterized both thermally and mechanically, concerning the in-plane tensile properties. The degree of anisotropy of the material was also assessed, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The 3D-printed composite showed longitudinal properties, which were 15 times higher than the pure matrix, thus meeting structural requirements. On the other hand, transverse and shear properties were much lower than longitudinal ones, thus leading to a strongly anisotropic material. This was also confirmed by the anisotropy evaluation that was performed numerically and graphically using an innovative approach. This behavior affects the design of 3D-printed parts; thus, an optimized continuous fiber deposition is necessary for structural applications.