Application Of Technology Research Articles

Quantum non-Gaussian states of superfluid Helium vibrations

Abstract Quantum non-Gaussian states of phononic systems coupled to light are essential for fundamental studies of single-phonon mechanics and direct applications in quantum technology. Although nonclassical mechanical states have already been demonstrated, the more challenging quantum non-Gaussianity of such states remains limited. Using photon counting detection, we propose the quantum non-Gaussian generation of few-phonon states of low-temperature vibrating superfluid Helium. We predict the quantum non-Gaussian depth of such phononic states and investigate their robustness under relevant mechanical heating. As the quality of such phononic states is very high, we confirm a single-phonon bunching capability to further classify such states for future mechanical experiments. Moreover, we predict increasing capability for force sensing and thermometry for increasing heralded phonon numbers.

From Sudoscan to bedside: theory, modalities, and application of electrochemical skin conductance in medical diagnostics

The human body has two main types of sweat glands: apocrine and eccrine. Eccrine glands are widely distributed across the skin, including areas with hair. While the eccrine glands on palms and soles help improve grip, those on the rest of the body primarily aid in thermoregulation. Sudomotor function, which controls sweating, is regulated by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system through cholinergic and adrenergic pathways. The activation of eccrine glands involves intricate processes, including neurotransmitter binding, ion channel modulation, and voltage generation. Sudoscan technology utilizes electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) to non-invasively measure sudomotor function. This method, which has been standardized for accuracy, has established normative benchmarks and has proven reliable across diverse populations. Sudoscan’s diagnostic performance is comparable to invasive methods such as intraepidermal nerve fiber density testing, making it a valuable tool for diagnosing small fiber neuropathy. Moreover, it has been shown to correlate with corneal nerve fiber length, providing insights into various neuropathic conditions. Compared to traditional sudomotor function tests, Sudoscan proves superior in terms of its accessibility, simplicity, and reliability, with the potential to replace or complement existing diagnostic methods. It is important to differentiate ESC, as measured by Sudoscan, from other skin conductance measures, such as galvanic skin response (GSR) or electrodermal activity (EDA). Although these methods share a common physiological principle, ESC is specifically designed for diagnosing sudomotor function, unlike GSR/EDA, which is typically used for continuous monitoring. Sudoscan’s success has led to its integration into consumer health devices, such as the BodyScan from Withings, showcasing its versatility beyond clinical settings. Future research may explore ESC applications in diverse medical fields, leveraging real-world data from integrated consumer devices. Collaborative efforts between researchers and engineers promise to offer new insights into sudomotor function and its implications for broader health monitoring. This study provides a comprehensive overview of ESC, including topics such as eccrine gland physiology, sudomotor function, Sudoscan technology, normative benchmarks, diagnostic comparisons, and potential future applications.

Novel superhard orthorhombic O12 carbon: a first principle study

Abstract In this study, a new orthorhombic carbon structure with Ama2 symmetry, designated as O12 carbon, has been predicted on basis of the first-principles method. The thermal stability and dynamic stability of O12 carbon were evaluated and confirmed by combining ab initio molecular dynamics and phonon spectra analyses. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of O12 carbon, compared with other superhard carbon allostrope like diamond, M-carbon, Bct-c4 and Cco-C8, have also been systematically investigated. With a bulk modulus of 351 GPa, a shear modulus of 333 GPa, and a Vickers hardness of 53 GPa, O12 carbon is identified as a superhard material of significantly technological and industrial applications. The existence of elastic anisotropy in O12 carbon has also been confirmed. The electronic band structure calculations have revealed that O12 carbon exhibits a semiconductor characteristic with a direct band gap of 2.5 eV, making it promising candidate in electronic applications. Additionally, the XRD spectra of O12 carbon were obtained to offer further insights for potential experimental observations. Our findings enrich the family of carbon structure and are expected to stimulate additional experimental interest.

Improvement of superconducting, morphological, and flux pinning ability of YBa2Cu3O7-y matrix with oxygen and Mn2O3 impurity

Abstract In the current work, the influence of oxygen and Mn2O3 impurity levels intervals 0.00≤x≤0.30 on various key properties such as electrical resistivity, superconducting, flux pinning ability, stabilization of ceramic system, and morphological properties of YBa2Cu3O7-y (Y-123) superconductor were examined by electrical resistivity, critical current density, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron dispersive X-ray (EDX) measurements. The EDX test results indicated that all the Y-123 ceramics produced possessed different composition distributions on the sample surface. SEM photomicrographs also confirmed the improvement in the appearance of surface morphology and crystallinity quality of the YBa2Cu3O7-y system. Moreover, the development in the interaction quality between grains, pinning ability and strength quality of 2D coupled vortices was obtained with the oxygen ambient and optimum manganese impurity addition highly dispersing throughout the intra grain and inter-grain boundary couplings due to the increase in the artificial flux pinning nucleation sites in the Y-123 system. Thus, the best sample with the highest Jc value of 98 A/cm2 showed the most resistance to the applied magnetic field and current. Similarly, the same sample exhibited the greatest superconductive offset (98.320 K) and onset (100.504 K) temperatures values based on the development of the Cu-O coordination and stability of the crystal structure. In conclusion, this comprehensive study based on the analysis of oxygen and Mn2O3 impurity addition mechanism through the YBa2Cu3O7-y ceramic matrix may open a new and applicable field for advanced engineering, heavy industry technology and large-scale applications.

Harnessing Biomass for a Sustainable Future: The Role of Starch and Lignin

The global climate crisis, driven by unchecked industrialization and ecological negligence, compels humanity to seek alternative ways to either avert or mitigate the disastrous environmental phenomena encountered, particularly in recent years. The significant quantities of biomass generated by human activities may serve as important resources for technological applications, and biomass valorization offers dual benefits. This review emphasizes the potential of starch and lignin as adaptable materials for the advancement of sustainable and eco-friendly technologies. By investigating catalytic alterations, we may advance a more sustainable future and tackle the escalating issues of environmental pollution and sustainability. Catalytic alterations of lignin and starch have become essential techniques for their valorization. Biopolymers can be changed into useful chemicals and materials, like levulinic acid, lactic acid, 5-HMF and modified starch, which are used in the paper, textile, and coatings industries. Besides transforming into chemicals, lignin and starch can produce reactive carbon compounds that find application in both classical chemistry and photocatalysis. Additionally, we can use their highly functionalized polymeric matrices as catalysts. We can change the polymeric matrices’ chemical backbone to make them better at speeding up reactions like cross-coupling and multicomponent reactions.

Geometry, anomaly, topology, and transport in Weyl fermions.

Weyl fermions are one of the simplest objects that link ideas in geometry and topology to high-energy physics and condensed matter physics. Although the existence of Weyl fermions as elementary particles remains dubious, there is mounting evidence of their existence as quasiparticles in certain condensed matter systems. Such systems are termed Weyl semimetals (WSMs). Needless to say, WSMs have emerged as a fascinating class of materials with unique electronic properties, offering a rich playground for both fundamental research and potential technological applications. This review examines recent advancements in understanding electron transport in {WSMs}. We begin with a pedagogical introduction to the geometric and topological concepts critical to understanding quantum transport in Weyl fermions. We then explore chiral anomaly (CA), a defining feature of WSMs, and its impact on transport phenomena such as longitudinal magnetoconductance (LMC) and planar Hall effect (PHE). The Maxwell-Boltzmann transport theory extended beyond the standard relaxation-time approximation is then discussed in the context of Weyl fermions, which is used to evaluate various transport properties. Attention is also given to the effects of strain-induced gauge fields and external magnetic fields in both time-reversal broken and inversion asymmetric inhomogeneous WSMs. The review synthesizes theoretical insights, experimental observations, and numerical simulations to provide a comprehensive understanding of the complex transport behaviors in WSMs, aiming to bridge the gap between theoretical predictions and experimental verification.

Research on the Application of Computer Technology in Biostatistics

This paper explores the application of computer technology in biostatistics, focusing on the technological advancements and their impact on data management, data processing and analysis, and data visualization. With the development of computer technology, data storage and management methods have significantly improved, particularly with the introduction of database systems and big data technologies, which have greatly enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of handling biostatistical data. Additionally, the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence has made biostatistical data analysis more intelligent and automated, providing new tools for identifying and predicting complex data patterns. Furthermore, advanced data visualization techniques have enhanced the interpretability of statistical results through clear graphical presentations, promoting the application of biostatistics. Through the analysis of specific case studies, this paper demonstrates the practical effects and challenges of computer technology in improving biostatistical research capabilities. Finally, the paper anticipates the future impact of emerging computing technologies, such as quantum computing, on biostatistics and suggests future research directions and recommendations.

Analyzing Sports Biomechanics of Hurdling Training: A Systematic Review

Background. Hurdling is a dynamic and technically demanding sport within athletics. It requires a unique combination of speed, agility, coordination, and strength to support good technique and achievement. The ability to excel in this sport depends on the athlete’s mastery of these components, making it an interesting subject for sports science research. Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate existing research on sports biomechanics as it relates to improving hurdling performance. Materials and methods. The study was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology of the relevant literature. A total of 15 articles published between 1990 and 2023 were identified as relevant to the focus of the study and selected for in-depth analysis. Results. The findings showed that sports biomechanics research in hurdling training has mainly concentrated on the following key areas: kinematics analysis, the application of technology, and the potential injury studies. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the biomechanics of hurdling training, this study suggests the need for further and more comprehensive research. The research mentioned should delve deeper into the biomechanical factors influencing performance in order to develop optimal training methods and injury prevention strategies. Conclusions. This review underscores the importance of continued research in this area, as it has the potential to enhance training approaches and improve athletic performance in hurdling.

Electronic structure, phonons, and born effective charges in CuLaO2: A first-principles study

This study presents a first-principles investigation of the structural, electronic, dielectric, and dynamical properties of CuLaO2 in its rhombohedral delafossite phase using density functional theory. Our analysis reveals that CuLaO2 is a stable indirect band gap semiconductor with a 2.35 eV band gap, showing significant Cu (3d, 4s) and O (2p) orbital hybridization. Phonon dispersion calculations confirm dynamical stability with no imaginary frequencies, and the material exhibits anisotropic dielectric behavior due to mixed ionic-covalent bonding. These findings suggest that CuLaO2 has potential applications in optoelectronics and energy technologies, providing a theoretical basis for future experimental validation.

Energy Security, Intelligence and Innovation Quality: Evidence From China's New Energy Demonstration City Policy

ABSTRACTThe development of new energy and the application of intelligent technologies are crucial for ensuring energy security and promoting high‐quality economic growth. This article utilises a sample of A‐share listed enterprises in China from 2008 to 2020, employing a difference‐in‐differences (DID) approach to explore the impact of new energy demonstration cities (NEDC) on innovation quality and focuses on the role of intelligent development. It is found that the construction of NEDC contributes to the improvement of enterprise innovation quality. Corporate intelligence transformation further enhances the effect of the NEDC policy, demonstrating a synergistic relationship with new energy transition. Additionally, compared with collaborative innovation, the improvement effect of NEDC policy on enterprise self‐innovation quality is more significant. Non‐state‐owned enterprises, those in the growth stage, with a solid technological foundation and located in non‐resource‐based cities are more likely to achieve improvements in innovation quality during the energy transition. Our work provides empirical evidence and valuable insights for ensuring energy security and facilitating intelligent innovation development.

PENDAMPINGAN DIGITALISASI SEKOLAH SMPIT AJIMUTU GLOBAL INSANI TAMBUN UTARA-BEKASI MENUJU MANAJEMEN SEKOLAH BERBASIS DIGITAL

In the digital era, the application of information technology in schools is crucial to enhance the efficiency and quality of educational management. This Community Service (PkM) activity aims to assist Sekolah Menengah Pertama Islam Terpadu (SMPIT) Ajimutu Global Insani Tambun Utara-Bekasi in implementing digital-based school management. The main objective of this activity is to optimize the school's management system through a tailored application that meets the school's needs, called DigiMS (Digital School Management). DigiMS will be built web-based which will be hosted and use a domain name, and a mobile-based application will be created which will be submitted to the Playstore. The method used includes stages of analyzing the existing school management system, developing the DigiMS application, providing training for staff and teachers on how to use the application, and monitoring and evaluating the application's implementation. Data was collected through direct observations at the partner school, interviews with staff, and efficiency measurements before and after the implementation of the digital system. The results of this activity showed a significant increase in operational efficiency, especially in student data management, financial administration, and internal and external communication. The main conclusion from this program is that adopting digital-based management through DigiMS can improve the effectiveness of school management and ease staff workloads in their daily tasks. Additionally, this program has a positive impact on the school's readiness to face the challenges of the digital era. This program is part of the 2024 Fiscal Year PKM Grant from Kemdikbudristek-DRTPM, conducted by lecturers and students from Universitas Nusa Mandiri.

Precise modulation of the debonding behaviours of ultra-thin wafers by laser-induced hot stamping effect and thermoelastic stress wave for advanced packaging of chips

Abstract Laser debonding technology has been widely used in advanced chip packaging, such as fan-out integration, 2.5D/3D ICs and MEMS devices. Typically, laser debonding of bonded pairs (R/R separation) is typically achieved by completely removing the material from the ablation region within the release material layer at high energy densities. However, this R/R separation method often results in a significant amount of release material and carbonized debris remaining on the surface of the device wafer, severely reducing product yields and cleaning efficiency for ultra-thin device wafers. Here, we propose an interfacial separation strategy based on laser-induced hot stamping effect and thermoelastic stress wave, which enables stress-free separation of wafer bonding pairs at the interface of the release layer and the adhesive layer (R/A separation). By comprehensively analyzing the micro-morphology and material composition of the release material, we elucidate the laser debonding behavior of bonded pairs under different separation modes. Additionally, we have calculated the ablation threshold of the release material in the case of wafer bonding and established the processing window for different separation methods. This work offers a fresh perspective on the development and application of laser debonding technology. The proposed R/A interface separation method is versatile, controllable and highly reliable, and does not leave release materials and carbonized debris on device wafers, demonstrating strong industrial adaptability, which greatly facilitates the application and development of advanced packaging for ultra-thin chips.

Research on Wastewaterr Reuse Technology in Expressway Service Areas

This article analyzes the literature and data on reclaimed water research in expressway service areas in recent years. Based on the characteristics of wastewater in service areas and the problems in the treatment process, a comprehensive analysis is conducted on the existing technologies for reclaimed water reuse technology in expressway service areas. It is found that research on carbon emissions from wastewater treatment in service areas and the practical application of new green technologies in expressway service areas should be strengthened.

Blockchain-enabled verification of medical records using soul-bound tokens and cloud computing

The Crucial and costly process of verifying medical documents frequently depends on centralized databases. Nevertheless, manual validation of document verification wastes a great deal of time and energy. The application of Blockchain technology could potentially alleviate the problem by reducing fraud and increasing efficiency. Non-transferable Soul-bound tokens (SBTs) can be a safe and unbreakable way to authenticate medical records by generating encrypted code, which allows the user to authenticate a portion of data. Within the paper, we provide a blockchain-based SBT-based automatic mechanism for authentication and verification of records. Soul-bound tokens generate a decentralized, immutable identity or credential system that is tied to a record. Through cloud computing, the system can reduce the verification time by accessing a decentralized database. Blockchain systems can lower platform costs and determine the optimal allocation of resources across a dispersed network by utilizing deep learning algorithms. Two advantages of utilizing blockchain technology are less fraud and increased efficiency. SBTs and cloud computing enable the procedure to be expedited and decentralized databases to be readily available. The suggested system’s scalability and potential uses in other industries may be the subject of future research.

A Business Management Model in the Circular Economy: Technological Solutions for Plastic Recycling

Objectives: this article develops a model for managing business processes in a circular economy using technologies for plastic recycling. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical idea and basis of the article consists in the development of project management methodology, process approach in the closed-loop economy, development of methods and economic tools aimed at effective resource management taking into account waste reduction and increased reuse of plastic fractions in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). The application of digital technologies and solutions in the context of business process management in the field of plastics recycling will be substantiated, which will allow to identify new opportunities and reserves for optimising business processes in this field, increasing the efficiency of resource use, improving the environment and reducing costs. Method: the work uses a project approach, a process approach, digital modeling methods, and the “polluter pays” method. To implement the process approach, it is proposed to use the concept of Business Process Management (BPM). Competent business process management allows the company to react quickly to changing market conditions and customer orientation. Digital modelling in this paper means the representation of actions in the form of business processes in the organisation of solid waste management, the 'polluter pays' method means the economic assessment and accounting of environmental damage in waste management in the costs of business processes. Results and Discussion: The results of the study can be used to introduce the process approach to plastics recycling in individual regions and countries for the development of a green economy. According to the estimates of the authors, the optimisation and cost reduction of business processes, taking into account the environmental factor and the increase of the revenue part of the project from the reuse and inclusion in the economic turnover of plastic waste recycling products on the scale of the considered city (population of 1800 thousand people, area of 2856 ha, 18.14 tonnes of plastic waste accumulated per day) will reduce the costs of business process management by more than 200 thousand euros. Research Implications: the results of the study can be used to justify projects for the processing and recycling of solid municipal waste, including plastic waste, to introduce environmentally friendly production, to reduce the negative impact on the environment, to develop a process approach to the organisation of all activities for the collection of plastic waste in the city, district. In addition, the application of the proposed approach allows to obtain economic benefits for companies through the sale of secondary resources for the processing of plastic waste, as well as to reduce the negative impact on the environment. Originality/ Value: The originality of the research and its value lies in a new scientific formulation of the problem of reducing environmental pollution from plastic waste through the use of business processes in the field of plastic recycling and digital solutions, as well as the possibility of practical application of the results obtained in the field of green economy.

Enhanced Study of CO2 Hydrate Formation in Marine Oil–Gas Based on Additive Effect

During marine oil–gas extraction, significant amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas are often produced. Effectively separating these associated CO2 gases during extraction has become a critical technical challenge. Therefore, this paper aims to enhance the efficiency of CO2 hydrate-based capture technology and conduct relevant research. The goal is to increase the driving force for hydrate formation by combining the traditional thermodynamic additive TBAB with pressure modulation and to improve the hydrate formation rate through the use of multiple kinetic promoters. This paper presents the initial investigation into the effect of the thermodynamic accelerator tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) on the characteristics of CO2 hydrate formation. The promotion effects of TBAB solutions with varying mass concentrations (3%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%) and reaction pressures (3 MPa, 4 MPa) were subjected to a systematic analysis, and the optimal conditions were identified as 4 MPa and a 5 wt% TBAB concentration. Subsequently, the impact of combining TBAB with kinetic promoters (SDS, nano Al2O3, L-methionine, L-leucine) on CO2 hydrate generation characteristics was further investigated. In this paper, the effect of a single promoter on the generation characteristics of CO2 hydrate was investigated, and the efficient carbon trapping ability of the complex promoter was verified, which provides theoretical support for the application of CO2 trapping technology using the hydrate method.

Expert consensus on culture of patient derived tumor organoids and organoids based drug sensitivity testing

The precision treatment of cancer has consistently been a significant issue in clinical management as well as medical research. With the rapid development and advances towards clinical application of organoids technology, the use of organoids derived from both normal and cancer tissues for pathophysiology studies, treatment regimen development, and drug screening has become increasingly prevalent. This document compiles insights from dozens of nationwide experts and scholars in the field of tumor organoids drug sensitivity testing. It discusses the entire process of tumor organoids drug sensitivity testing, with the intent to provide expert guidance for laboratories interested in conducting clinical testing and application research related to cancer precision therapy.

Recent Updates in Nanocrystal Technology: A Reference to Oral Drug Delivery System

Increasing the oral bioavailability of drugs that dissolve slowly may be possible with the use of nanocrystal technology. It is being employed for drug engineering and research after making rapid advancements in recent years. The manufacturing process for pharmaceuticals is significantly hampered by the low solubility and quick rate of dissolution of poorly soluble medications. When taken orally, medications that are poorly soluble often have low and inconsistent bioavailability, which could lead to therapeutic failure. Pure drug nanocrystals prepared via "bottom-up" or "topdown" procedu are able to significantly improve the way poorly soluble medications dissolve thanks to their enormous surface area, which in turn enhances oral absorption. Nanocrystal medications allow for the creation of various dosage formulations. The use of nanocrystal technology in pharmaceutical research, particularly for oral drug delivery systems, is the main focus of this review. First, a quick discussion on the characteristics of pharmaceutical nanocrystals and several nanocrystal technology preparation techniques is provided. The application of nanocrystal technology in pharmaceutical science is covered after a discussion of the creation of prolonged-release formulations. Next follows a brief overview of the scaling-up procedure, commercial nanocrystal drug products, and regulatory aspects of nanodrugs. This paper offers a thorough explanation of preparation techniques, their characterisation, and how they are used in oral drug delivery systems.

Research on the green development path of prefabricated building industry based on intelligent technology

PurposeIn order to make the construction industry develop in the direction of greening, this paper analyzes whether the application of intelligent technology in prefabricated buildings can achieve carbon emission reduction, starting from the problems of weak technology and insufficient encouragement policies in the prefabricated building industry. It also designs dynamic and adjustable incentives for the smart transformation of prefabricated buildings and makes recommendations to facilitate the transformation of assembly manufacturers into “smart factories”.Design/methodology/approachThis paper takes the intelligent technology for carbon reduction, energy efficiency and policy design in the prefabricated buildings industry as the starting point. Based on in-depth expert interviews and questionnaire survey data, a linear multiple regression model is used to establish an association network of intelligent technology in the production and transportation, construction, operation and maintenance, demolition and scrapping stages. On this basis, an evolutionary game theory is used to construct a smart transformation and carbon reduction utility game model between the government and manufacturers, and relevant suggestions for smart empowerment of green construction development technology combinations and policy settings are proposed.FindingsAn assembly manufacturing plant with smart empowerment is an important way to achieve green and sustainable development in the construction industry. Among them, BIM and IoT have made a greater impact on carbon emission reduction of prefabricated buildings in all stages of the whole life cycle. The government’s proposed energy efficiency incentives and environmental tax amount will effectively increase companies' motivation for smart transformation of prefabricated buildings. However, when the environmental tax amount is low, the government should strengthen the regulation of the industry in order to increase the speed of smart transformation of assembly manufacturers. Therefore, a reasonable setting of the environmental tax rate and energy-saving incentives and flexible adjustment of the regulatory efforts can maximize the functional utility of the government in the process of smart transformation.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper focuses on the impact of intelligent technologies on the overall carbon emissions of the industry and provides an evolutionary analysis of the strategic game between the government and assembly manufacturers, the main players in the smart transformation process of prefabricated buildings. However, smart technologies for different categories of assembly manufacturing plants and strategic options for a wider range of stakeholders have not been examined in depth.Originality/valueDifferent from existing research, this study focuses on exploring the strategic game between the government and assembly manufacturers in the smart transformation of prefabricated buildings. It provides an innovative explanation of the connection between intelligent technology and carbon emissions. The study develops an evolutionary game model for both parties, addressing the research gap on the combined effects of policy incentives and intelligent technology on carbon reduction and efficiency improvement in the prefabricated buildings industry. This research not only offers practical reference for the government in designing incentive mechanisms and establishing regulatory systems but also provides feasible practical guidance for the smart transformation and carbon reduction efforts of assembly manufacturing plants.

Simulation Experiment Research on the Production of Large Box Girders

This paper introduces system simulation technology into large-scale beam field production and uses the simulation software Arena (14.0) to construct a simulation model of the beam field production system considering the randomness of the actual beam field production process operation time. The relationship between the production efficiency of the beam yard and the working time system was studied. In this paper, the improvement in beam-making efficiency in the existing beam field that is achieved by the commonly used reinforcement pre-binding method in the existing beam field is analyzed and calculated, and the improvements in the production efficiency in the ordinary beam field and the intelligent beam field are quantitatively calculated and compared. The results show that (1) when the working time system is increased from 8 h/d to 12 h/d, the average occupancy time of the traditional beam-making pedestal is shortened by 11.5 h when the working time is extended by 1 h per day; (2) with the extension of the working time system, the advantages of the pre-binding method of reinforcement gradually decrease; and (3) the application of intelligent technology not only improves the production efficiency of the beam yard but also makes the beam yard’s production more flexible and more resistant to risks.