Application Of Sealant Research Articles

In-vivo durability of Pro Seal in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: A controlled clinical trial

This clinical trial aimed at studying the durability of an orthodontic sealant (Pro Seal) used on tooth surfaces for protection against white spot lesions. A total of 35 patients (18 females, 17 males; 17.57 ± 1.36 years) were recruited. Eligibility criteria included healthy patients of both sexes (age > 14 years), absence of labial caries, absence of defective enamel, absence of extensive restorations, and optimum oral hygiene. The participants received a single application of Pro Seal on the bonded teeth. The sealant covered the labial enamel surrounding the brackets. Participants were recalled monthly after sealant application, during which sealant layers were evaluated using an ultraviolet lamp. The assessment was realized using an index similar to the adhesive remnant index (ARI). A total of 30 participants completed the trial. ARI values dropped significantly (P < 0.001) and reached <1.5 at T1 on the index used. An ARI value of 2 was chosen as the threshold below which a tooth presented an insufficient sealant layer. The right and left sides of both jaws did not show any statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). ARI values of homolateral teeth revealed few statistically significant differences between upper and lower teeth. No statistically significant difference between the two sexes (P > 0.05) existed. No harm or disturbance was reported by any of the participants. This study demonstrated that a single application of Pro Seal is effective for 4 weeks and should be renewed monthly. No interjaw, intrajaw, or intersex significant differences were found.

Experimental and modeling studies of IPDI‐based polyurea elastomers – The role of hard segment fraction

AbstractSegmented polyureas (PUa) are industrially important class of polymers widely used in coatings, sealant, and adhesive applications. Here, we report synthesis, characterization, and modeling of Isophorone Diisocyanate‐Diethyl‐Toluene‐Diamine‐Polyether amine (IPDI‐DETDA‐PO PUa) with varied hard segment contents of 20, 30, and 40 weight percent. For each of the three materials, we study its structure and phase behavior using FTIR, DSC, and TEM, and clearly show the presence of microphase separation between the hard and soft nanodomains. We then measure the linear viscoelastic response of the PUa‐s using DMA (frequency sweeps at multiple temperatures). The DMA data are shown to obey the time‐temperature superposition. Finally, we develop a new micromechanical model describing the DMA results; the model describes a phase‐separated PUa as two “Fractional‐order Maxwell gels” branches, connected in parallel, with the first FMG branch representing the “percolated hard phase" and the second one modeling the “filled soft phase". In agreement with the earlier thermodynamic theories, the volume‐fraction of the percolated hard phase is related to the hard segment weight‐fraction (HSWF), defined as the combined mass of IPDI and DETDA normalized to the total mass of the polymer. The data and model are found to be in a good qualitative and quantitative agreement.

The Effect of Filmed Modeling by Cartoon Character on Anxiety of Children during Pit and Fissure Sealant Application under Rubber Dam Isolation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of filmed modeling by cartoon character on the anxiety of children during pit and fissure sealant application under rubber dam isolation. Methodology: The study consisted of a total of 36 children who were randomly allotted to interventional and control groups by flip-coin method. A prerecorded audio-visual film of a cartoon character getting the treatment done was shown to children included in the interventional group. The anxiety level was checked before and after the application of pit and fissure sealant using the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale. Results: Pearson’s Chi-square tests and Wilcoxon sign-ranked test were applied for statistical analysis (P &lt; 0.5), wherein statistically significant changes in anxiety level were observed among children following the filmed modeling. Conclusion: Film modeling is an efficient technique to manage 7–9-year-old children’s anxiety as well as to instill positive behavior during dental treatment.

Collagen Scaffold Application in Arthroscopic Reconstruction of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus With Autologous Cancellous Bone Grafts.

Single-step all-arthroscopic techniques have gained popularity recently in the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT). Concomitant subchondral bone defects led surgeons to add autologous bone grafting to the surgical procedures. Collagen scaffolds have been used widely for stabilization of the reconstruction and regeneration of the articular surface. To compare single-step all-arthroscopic treatment of OLT consisting of debridement, microfracture, autologous bone grafting, and application of fibrin sealant in 2 patient groups: with versus without collagen scaffold. Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Included were 94 patients who underwent single-step all-arthroscopic treatment for OLT. Autologous bone grafting was applied to 48 patients (BG group), while autologous bone grafting plus collagen scaffold was applied to 46 patients (BG+S group). A fibrin sealant was applied to both groups. Clinical outcomes were assessed with the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Radiological outcomes were evaluated with the magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue score. The mean follow-up time was 69.3 ± 20.7 months. Patients in both groups showed statistically significant improvement in pre- to postoperative AOFAS and VAS scores (P < .001 for all), with no difference between groups in AOFAS and VAS score improvement. Complete healing with or without hypertrophy was achieved in 42 patients in the BG group (87.5%) and 38 patients in the BG+S group (82.6%). The treatment of bone lesions in OLT may be the ultimate goal to obtain successful outcomes, in which case using a collagen scaffold besides grafting may not affect clinical and radiological outcomes.

Evaluation of reinforcement effect of capillary condensation technique in teeth with simulated internal resorption cavity: An in vitro study

Aim: To evaluate the reinforcement effect of capillary condensation technique in teeth with simulated internal resorption cavity. Materials and Methods: G*Power software (effect size d = 0.59) was used to calculate the sample size. Thirty-six mandibular premolars with a single canal were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction to standardize 12 mm length of the root. Biomechanical preparation was done with ProTaper Universal rotary up to F4. #08 size round bur was used to prepare an internal resorption cavity of uniform diameter in the middle third of the root. Random sample allocation was done into experimental and control groups: Group I, positive control Group – noninstrumented teeth; Group II, negative control Group – teeth with biomechanical preparation but without obturation; Group III, teeth with a bioceramic sealer (EndoSequence BC Sealer, Brasseler, USA) application with conventional technique and hybrid technique of obturation; and Group IV, capillary condensation technique of bioceramic sealer along with master cone gutta-percha. The samples were subjected to evaluation of fracture resistance using a universal testing machine (Instron-3369). Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis of the data was done using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests with P < 0.05. Results: The positive control group demonstrated the highest fracture resistance with a mean of 574.44 Newton (N), whereas the negative control group demonstrated fracture resistance with a mean of 162.22 N. The capillary condensation technique group demonstrated fracture resistance with a mean of 202.22 N, followed by the hybrid technique group with a mean of 172.22 N. Conclusion: The results were statistically similar between hybrid technique and capillary condensation technique. However, capillary condensation technique showed higher values compared to hybrid technique.

Shear bond strength fissure sealant based on glass ionomer after topical fluor application: a comparison between sodium fluoride and acidulated phosphate fluoride

Background: Application of fissure sealants to young permanent teeth is one of the preventive measures for caries in the field of dentistry. Fissure sealants based on glass ionomer cement (GIC) have the advantage of releasing fluoride. Sodium fluoride and acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) are remineralization agents because they can increase remineralization by altering hydroxyapatite to fluorapatite and this in turn makes fluorine able to increase pH. Fluoride can prevent caries by increasing remineralization of the enamel that has just been demineralized by acids produced by plaque bacteria. The aim of this study is to compare the shear bond strength fissure sealant based on glass ionomer between sodium fluoride and APF topical fluor application Method: This research applied true experimental design with post test only control group design. The 21 maxillary permanent premolars were distributed into 3 groups, namely the control group (K1), the treatment group added 5% sodium fluoride (K2), and the treatment group added 1.23% APF (K3). Result: One Way ANOVA and post hoc LSD analysis test displayed no significant difference in each group. This could be due to the material used as a conditioner prior to the GIC application. The addition of fluoride ions will inhibit the demineralization process of the enamel produced by the application of conditioner. So it does not rule out that it will interfere with the attachment of the GIC material used as a fissure sealant in this research. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in shear bond strength of fissure sealant based on glass ionomer between sodium fluoride and acidulated phosphate fluoride topical application.

Histological and magnetic resonance imaging assessment of Liqoseal in a spinal in vivo pig model.

Liqoseal (Polyganics, B.V.) is a dural sealant patch for preventing postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. It has been extensively tested preclinically and CE (Conformité Européenne) approved for human use after a first cranial in-human study. However, the safety of Liqoseal for spinal application is still unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of spinal Liqoseal application compared with cranial application using histology and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics. Eight female Dutch Landrace pigs underwent laminectomy, durotomy with standard suturing and Liqoseal application. Three control animals underwent the same procedure without sealant application. The histological characteristics and imaging characteristics of animals with similar survival times were compared to data from a previous cranial porcine model. Similar foreign body reactions were observed in spinal and cranial dura. The foreign body reaction consisted of neutrophils and reactive fibroblasts in the first 3 days, changing to a chronic granulomatous inflammatory reaction with an increasing number of macrophages and lymphocytes and the formation of a fibroblast layer on the dura by day 7. Mean Liqoseal plus dura thickness reached a maximum of 1.2 mm (range 0.7-2.0 mm) at day 7. The spinal dural histological reaction to Liqoseal during the first 7 days was similar to the cranial dural reaction. Liqoseal did not swell significantly in both application areas over time. Given the current lack of a safe and effective dural sealant for spinal application, we propose that an in-human safety study of Liqoseal is the logical next step.

Effect of primer and sealant in refill friction stir spot welded joints on strength and fatigue behaviour of aluminium alloys

The refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW) is one of the promising friction stir welding (FSW) methods consisting in the joint creation by plunging and retracting the rotating tool into the overlapped sheets without an exit hole after welding.This work aims to fulfil a knowledge gap related to use of aluminium semi-products in a final configuration state (including anodizing, primer and sealant application) for RFSSW process by means of the lap-shear and cross-tension mechanical test, fatigue performance, metallographic and fractographic analyses, and digital image correlation (DIC) technique. Sheet semi-products of thicknesses from 2 to 3 mm made of AA7050-T7451 and AA2024-T3 aluminium alloys in bare and/or anodised condition were used for the lap-joint specimens manufacturing and five various material joint combinations were analysed.The effect on static strength for the joint configurations with primer and sealant was studied and compared with the bare materials’ RFSSW joints. Fatigue tests showed that the primed configurations exhibited a higher scatter of the results and a different slope of fatigue curve with a higher fatigue limit value as compared with the bare material’s joints exhibiting a higher ultimate static strength.

Effect of pit-and-fissure sealants on postbrushing simulation - A photogenic study.

Pit-and-fissure sealants of the occlusal surfaces for the posterior teeth are well susceptible to develop dental caries compared to the smooth surfaces due to its complex morphology, which makes dental hygiene a challenging fact which give rise to increased plaque accumulation. The use of pit-and-fissure sealants is to provide inhibition toward microorganisms and aggregation of food particles, thereby inhibiting caries initiating and preventing caries progression. The study aimed to assess the effect of pit-and-fissure sealants postbrushing simulation through photography. For this photogenic original study, eight teeth were selected, with two groups each and four teeth present in each of the groups. Brushing simulator machines are well-established methods for analyzing the efficacy of toothbrushes. A total of 10,000 cycles were accounted for by the machine with linear X-axis and Y-axis = 2500 in each group. The clockwise and counterclockwise = 2500 in each group. From the research, it can be concluded that Group A is found to be more effective than Group B, where Group A is Clinpro sealant and Group B is YuSeal. This pit-and-fissure sealant application is very important in clinical practice to prevent the tooth from getting decayed. This research helps us to establish the amount of reduction in both the groups of sealants postbrushing as various brushing patterns influence the retention of pit-and-fissure sealants.

Comparative Evaluation Of Clinical Performance Of Giomer Based And Hydrophilic Resin Based Pit And Fissure Sealant In Primary Molars: A Split Mouth Clinical Trial

Aim: The current in vivo study is done to compare the retention, marginal staining, marginal integrity, and development of new carious lesions between a hydrophilic resin-based sealant and a giomer-based pit and fissure sealant on primary molars.Study Design:180 primary molars from 45 participants are taken into consideration in this randomised clinical investigation. 90 primary molars were sealed with Beautisealant (Group 1) and the other 90 primary molars were sealed with Embrace Wet Bond sealant (Group 2). To evaluate the clinical performance Modified USPHS criteria will be used and applied immediately following sealant application, at 3, 6, and 12 months. The entire set of data was gathered, enteredinto MS Excel, and examined with SPSS 16.0. The parameters of clinical evaluation were compared using the Fisher's exact test and the Pearson Chi-Square test.Result: At the end of 12 months, 75.9% of group 2 primary molars still had sealants in place, compared to 26.2 percent of group 1, which is statistically significant (p.001). Conclusion: Hydrophilic sealants may be employed as efficient fissure sealants, particularly in children who are at high risk for tooth decay, overly salivate, are physically and intellectually challenged, have partially erupted molars, and for children enrolled in community care programs.

Instant and Tough Adhesives for Rapid Gastric Perforation and Traumatic Pneumothorax Sealing.

Hydrogel adhesives are hot spots due to their ubiquity and practical relevance. However, achieving a robust wet adhesion is still a challenge due to the preferential formation of hydrogen bonds between interfacial fluids and bulk hydrogel, as well as targeted substrates. Herein, a half-dry adhesive consisting of a silk fibroin (SF) semi-interpenetrating network and poly(acrylic acid) covalent network, which can allow a rapid liquid adsorption and repulsion process encountering a wet tissue, is reported. The remaining water enables excellent hydrogel flexibility to a dynamic surface, while the β-sheet fold endows its tough bulk strength under the peeling-off process. Notably, the wet adhesion energy versus porcine skin is 1440 J m-2 due to the combination of hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, and chain entanglement derived from SF. In particular, both in vitro and in vivo outcomes indicate excellent hemostatic effects and result in incision closure of skin, artery, gastric perforation, and lung. After the first-stage closure, polyacrylic-silk fibroin adhesive (PSA) sealants can detach from the lung surface, fitting well to the healing period. By virtue of the reliable adhesion and good noncytotoxicity, PSA may be a prospective candidate for tissue sealant and drug carrier applications.

Trajectory Optimization in Terms of Energy and Performance of an Industrial Robot in the Manufacturing Industry.

Currently, the high demand for new products in the automotive sector requires large investments in factories. The automotive industry is characterized by high automatization, largely achieved by manipulator robots capable of multitasking. This work presents a method for the optimization of trajectories in robots with six degrees of freedom and a spherical wrist. The optimization of trajectories is based on the maximization of manipulability and the minimization of electrical energy. For this purpose, it is necessary to take into account the kinematics and dynamics of the manipulator in order to integrate an algorithm for calculation. The algorithm is based on the Kalman method. This algorithm was implemented in a simulation of the trajectories of a serial industrial robot, in which the robot has a sealer gun located on its sixth axis and the quality of the sealer application depends directly on the orientation of the gun. During the optimization of the trajectory, the application of the sealer must be guaranteed. This method was also applied to three different trajectories in the automotive sector. The obtained results for manipulability and electrical energy consumption prove the efficiency of the algorithm. Therefore, this method searches for the optimal solution within the limits of the manipulator and maintains the orientation of the final effector. This can be used for a known trajectory.

Comparative Evaluation of Penetrative and Adaptive Properties of Unfilled and Filled Resin-Based Sealants When Placed using Conventional acid Etching, Lasing, and Fissurotomy Bur Technique of Enamel Preparation: An in vitro Scanning Electron Microscope Study.

There is a confusion regarding selection of unfilled or filled sealant and method of enamel preparation before sealant application. This study was carried out to compare three techniques of enamel preparation using both unfilled and filled type of sealants. The objective of the study is to assess the penetrative and adaptive ability of filled and unfilled sealants in three techniques of enamel fissure preparations. Total 36 extracted teeth were divided into 3 groups, each containing 12 samples. The samples of Group A were prepared by conventional acid etching with 37% phosphoric acid, and the Group B was subjected to Er: YAG lasing, while in Group C, fissurotomy followed by acid etching was done. The sealant placement was carried out using split tooth design in all the samples. Assessment of penetration and adaptation was done under scanning electron microscope using the scoring criteria adopted by Kane B et al. and Dukic W et al. Group A and Group C showed better adaptation than Group B. Statistically, no significant difference was observed in the penetration property among three techniques. Similarly, the unfilled and filled sealant showed statistically nonsignificant results for the penetration and adaptation comparison. Irrespective of the sealant material selected, the conventional method of acid etching alone or in conjunction with fissurotomy bur for better retentiveness seems to be an acceptable choice of treatment modality. The study will help the clinicians to choose the sealant material and technique of enamel preparation.

CLINICAL AND ECONOMIC BURDEN ASSOCIATED WITH PROLONGED AIR LEAKS AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING THORACIC RESECTION: A RETROSPECTIVE DATABASE ANALYSIS

CLINICAL AND ECONOMIC BURDEN ASSOCIATED WITH PROLONGED AIR LEAKS AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING THORACIC RESECTION: A RETROSPECTIVE DATABASE ANALYSIS

Comparison of Retention and Marginal Discoloration of Self-Etch and Total-Etch Adhesives before Pit and Fissure Sealant Application on Permanent Second Molars in Pediatric Patients. A 1-year follow-up longitudinal study

Objective: To compare the retention and marginal discoloration of Self-etch and Total Etch Adhesive during Pit and Fissure Sealant application at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Materials and methods: 30 school-going children received sealants in all four permanent second molars, carried out in the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. The fully erupted second permanent molars were randomly allocated into 3 groups: group A (self-etch), B (Total etch), and C (control group). According to the split mouth design, each patient received sealant in the second molar with self-etch in one arch and total-etch in the other arch; contra-lateral molars were kept in the control group. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in the marginal discoloration and microleakage of fissure sealants placed on occlusal surfaces following use of an SE bonding agent and traditional TE adhesive after 12 months. Conclusion: When TE adhesive was put on before sealant, the same amount of microleakage or marginal discoloration happened in the occlusal fissure of permanent teeth as when SE adhesive was put on before sealant.

Evaluating the effect of aging on adhesion for hot-poured road sealants through a modified adhesion test

• A new modified adhesion test by considering cyclic temperature effect is proposed. • The cyclic temperature effect is simulated through 3 hot-cold cycles. • The total dissipated energy is proposed to evaluate the effect of aging on sealant adhesion. Due to the influences of installation and field environment, the adhesion failure usually occurs during the actual application of sealants. But current specification methods do not adequately consider the installation aging and field cyclic temperature effect on the adhesion of sealants. Hence, a new modified adhesion test method was proposed to quantitatively evaluate the effect of aging on the adhesion of three types of sealants. The cyclic temperature effect was simulated through 3 hot-cold cycles and the aging during installation was modelled through the short-term thermal aging. Based on the modified adhesion test, an evaluation method and 3 evaluation indexes were proposed to quantitatively evaluate the adhesion of sealants. Further, based on energy method, total dissipated energy ( E t ) was proposed and used to quantitatively evaluate the effect of aging on sealant adhesion. Then the aging indexes of several evaluation indexes were proposed to analyze the effect of aging on the adhesion of sealants. Finally, a comparison was made between current specification bond test and the modified adhesion test and the advantages of modified adhesion test were demonstrated. The results show that short-term aging had a significant weakening effect on the maximum tensile stress ( σ n ) and made the tensile separation stiffness ( K n ) of different sealants change irregularly. The conventional adhesion evaluation index, growth rate of tensile separation stiffness ( G s ), is not suitable for evaluating the effect of aging on sealant adhesion. Compared to G s , the E t index reflects the accumulation of dissipated energy during the whole test process, and improves the stability of the overall evaluation. The evaluation index E t and the corresponding aging index AI E were recommend to quantitatively evaluate the effect of aging on sealant adhesion. Due to the effect of short-term aging, the adhesion of three types of sealants under the cyclic temperature effect decreases by 15%∼35%. One recommend that the effect of short-term aging should be considered in the adhesion evaluation of sealants.

Tooth-surface distribution of caries in Greek schoolchildren, using ICDAS-II index. A national pathfinder survey.

The objective of this cross-sectional nationwide study was to assess the caries status of Greek children, in regard to the severity and the distribution pattern of the lesions in the primary and permanent dentition at a tooth-surface level, based on ICDAS-II criteria. Study Design: A national survey was conducted in 15 urban and 9 rural sites and about 50 subjects were examined at each location across the country. Caries data, based on ICDAS-II index, were recorded on 4,410 children aged 5, 12, and 15-years by 10 calibrated dentists. The rankings of the most affected tooth-surfaces, the most vulnerable teeth found cavitated, the right-left symmetry of caries stages and its pattern of distribution shown per jaw or dentition were determined by using descriptive statistics (SPSS v.20). Caries lesions were quite frequent in this school aged child population and the most common code of ICDAS-II observed was that of incipient enamel caries, mainly on the occlusal surfaces, indicative of the need for fissure sealant application. For those surfaces with ICDAS-II=3-6, dental care and intensive prevention programmes, both at home and office based, are needed.

The Assessment of Sealants' Effectiveness in Arresting Non-Cavitated Caries Lesion-A 24-Month Follow-Up.

Dental sealants are excellent means to prevent pits and fissure caries. Nowadays, the application of sealants is extended to therapeutic use in arresting non-cavitated carious lesions. This relatively new concept still lacks evidence to support its routine use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a resin-based sealant applied on first permanent molars with carious lesions (ICDAS 1–3), in comparison with its effectiveness when applied on sound surfaces (ICDAS 0). Included in the study were 114 children aged between six and eight years old, with a high caries risk (according to the CAMBRA system), with all four permanent molars erupted and with deep pits and fissures. A total number of 407 molars were sealed and assessed. A total of 49 were excluded (they had caries, which according to the ICDAS II classification were classified with code 4–6 or had older sealants or fillings). Out of these 407 molars, 213 were sound (code 0) and 194 had caries lesions as follows: 56 teeth classified as code 1, 79 teeth classified as code 2, and 59 teeth classified as code 3 according to the ICDAS II classification. The retention of the sealant and carious lesions were assessed clinically at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Regarding sealant retention, a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) among the two types of sealed teeth, sound (ICDAS 0) and decayed (ICDAS 3), showed at 18- and 24-month follow-up intervals. Regarding caries lesions, a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) showed between sound (ICDAS 0) and decayed (ICDAS 3) molars at 24-month follow-up. Our study results supported the resin-based sealant effectiveness in arresting incipient carious lesions, which according to the ICDAS II classification have received codes 1 and 2 but did not support sealant effectiveness in arresting caries lesions classified according to the same classification with code 3.

A treatment protocol for chronic post-pneumonectomy empyema associated with bronchopleural fistula: A single-centre retrospective study.

Chronic post-pneumonectomy empyema (CPPE) associated with bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a potentially fatal complication and remains a surgical challenge. This study aims to propose a treatment protocol for managing this severe disease. From July 2009 to June 2021, 47 CPPE with BPF patients were treated in our department. CT scan with 3D reconstruction was used to detect BPF and to evaluate the location and volume of empyema cavity. Different surgical techniques were used to close BPFs according to they sizes. Multiple pedicled muscle flaps were chosen to fill the empyema cavity, and among them, latissimus dorsi (LD) was the mostly used flap. For cases that regional flaps were not suitable, free flaps were used. Patients were followed-up from 7.9 to 102.8months. Forty-four patients (93.6%) healed after the operation. Closure of BPFs failed in three patients (6.4%), leading to regional infection. These patients were treated by bronchoscopic application of sealants, continuous drainage and antibiotics, and they eventually healed. Total or partial flap loss was not seen in any of the cases. Treatment protocol was proposed based on these results. CT scan with 3D reconstruction is an effective examination to evaluate pleural cavity defect and BPF. Proper technique to close the BPF and right choice of flap to fulfil the empyema cavity are the two most important key points to treat CPPE associated with BPF patients.

The effect of an additional application of sealer prior to backfilling in the Continuous Wave of Condensation technique.

An additional sealer application was investigated prior to backfilling with the Continuous Wave of Condensation (CWC). 105 Palatal roots were sectioned and prepared to a file size 40, 0.06 taper with Vortex Blue® files. Groups A, B and C had a single sealer application before while groups D, E and F, received a second application of dyed sealer prior to backfilling. Roots were sectioned at 2,3,4,6,7 and 8 mm from the root apex. The percentage of sealer and dentinal tubular penetration depth was calculated at each level. At each ascending level, the sealer percentage decreased for each experimental group while the number of outer third penetration depths increased when all groups were combined. An additional sealer application prior to backfilling had minimal effect on the percentage of sealer or outer third penetration depths and can be considered a clinical preference rather than an imperative step with the CWC technique.