Application Of PSS Research Articles

Design of Coordinated PSS and SVC Damping Stabilizer for Low Frequency Oscillations Enhancement

This paper presents the application of PSS with based damping controller FACTS device and describes a coordinated tuning of parameters. The FACTS device considered here is Static Var Compensator (SVC). The method proposed to optimize the controller parameters is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) with PSS and SVC-based damping controller is selected as a case study system. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of these controllers, eigenvalues analysis and nonlinear simulation of this system are carried out under different loading conditions. The simulation results shows that PSS coordinated with SVC based stabilizer have outstanding fast damping of low frequency power system oscillations.

Aggregation, carbon, nitrogen, and natural abundance of 13C and 15N in soils under no-tillage system fertilized with injection and surface application of pig slurry for five years

Injection of pig slurry (PS) into soils under no-tillage system (NTS) is more efficient for improving soil chemical and physical attributes, and reducing C and N emissions, than surface applications. This study evaluated the effect of using injection and surface application of PS, compared to NPK and control treatments, on the soil aggregate, C and N contents, and isotopes 13C and 15N. The NTS consisted of rotations of summer (maize) and winter (black oat and wheat) grasses from 2011 to 2015. The treatments were PS injected into the soil (PSI), PS applied on the soil surface (PSS), chemical fertilization (NPK), and control (CTRL). The following soil properties were evaluated in the 0–5, 5–10, and 10–20 cm layers: aggregate stability (geometric mean diameter – GMD; aggregate mass distribution); total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in macroaggregates (8.0–0.25 mm), microaggregates (<0.25 mm), and bulk soil (<2.0 mm); and isotopes 13C and 15N in macro and microaggregates. The application of PSI improved the soil physical attributes, presenting higher GMD (0–5 cm) than the PSS, NPK, and CTRL treatments. In the 5–10 cm layer, the PSI treatments were more efficient in increasing the GMD and macroaggregate mass than the NPK. PSI also was more efficient in increasing TOC and TN when compared to PSS, and generated a higher GMD, which are protectors of these elements in the soil. The natural abundance of 15N denoted the lower soil organic matter decomposition in the PSI treatment when compared to the PSS. The natural abundance of 13C showed less-negative values in macroaggregates than in microaggregates, denoting that the soil management practices and crops used (grasses) affected positively the abundance of 13C. After seven applications of PS in maize-oat-wheat rotation in NTS, the application of PSI was more efficient in improving the soil physical and chemical attributes than the application of PSS.

Study of Dynamic Stability Analysis in the Sigura-gura Hydro Power Plant using the Power Stabilizer System as Compensation

To maintain the stability of the power plant system, effort are needed to keep the generator in sync. This study was conducted to determine the performance of each power plant in the Sigura-gura power system when interference with the transmission network. By reviewing the response curve through simulations with the EDSA software, it can be seen the changes in rotor angle, voltage oscillation and power for each generating system when a disturbance occurs. The application of PSS as a compensation to improve the character of the power system’s stability against interference by observing changes in rotor angle, voltage and power. The observations show that the installation of PSS controllers in excitation as compensation to the Sigura-gura electric power system can contribute to better system performance by improving the rotor angle oscillation time, voltage and overshoot respectively 7.8%, 66.6% and 37.9%.

Analisis Aliran Daya dan Stabilitas Sistem Tenaga Listrik Sistem Multi Mesin dengan ETAP

Study of the stability of the power system as an important and complex problem in the operation of a power system that is safe from the power system when there are small or large disruptions in the connected power system. This discussion studies load flow and stability analysis while a multi-machine power system with ETAP software.Single diagram system multi-engine system 9-bus system configured in ETAP. For each multi-machine power system power flow and power flow analysis have been provided a complete tool in ETAP.The results of the load flow data are presented for each case. For the transient stability analysis, the system is simulated with three phase disturbance to earth and single phase interference in ETAP. The combination of AVR, Governor, and PSS maintains synchronization during all types of errors. Variations in rotor angle, bus voltage, and engine speed were studied in each case study. Simulation results are shown through graphical analysis. In the ETAP simulation study explains that the application of PSS can substantially improve the transient stability of the power system.

PSS in Healthcare: An Under-Explored Field

This paper reports the preliminary results of a research aiming at delineating the state-of-the-art literature concerned with the application of PSS in the healthcare industry. Following a structured literature review process, 23 studies are identified as the most relevant for the review. These studies are classified along the following dimensions: (i) research methods; (ii) motivations driving the development of PSS in healthcare; and (iii) focus and stakeholders of PSS applications. This paper reveals that despite the healthcare industry has always been conceived as an area where PSS can have a huge potential, studies on this topic is still very scant.

Research on Profit Model of Diesel Engine Products-Services System

While PSS is fundamental for the development of solution oriented partnerships, the stakeholders’ distribution of profit is not defined an operational paradigm yet. In this article, we provide a brief overview of the diesel engine in the area of Product Service Systems. Firstly, we establish the model of Diesel Engine PSS, when we analysis the product features of diesel engine and the features of PSS for diesel engine. The application of PSS in diesel engine area may be different from other manufacturing, but the intrinsic complexity of PSS, which include Convenient, science and the economy, can be proved for the stakeholders. So then we summarize the stakeholders of PSS, and understand the relationship of stakeholders’ profit structure. Finally, we design the profit model of diesel engine PSS. The main content is that how to get the quantization of the stakeholders’ profit and the balance the profit model of diesel engine PSS which can decide to the trade of diesel engine products-services smoothly.

Status review and research strategies on product-service systems

As present trends in economic and population growth continue, the natural environment is increasingly being stressed. More and more researchers, institutes and programmes have paid attention to product-service systems (PSSes) in the last decade because PSS integrates tangible artefact and intangible service to achieve sustainability, improve enterprise competitiveness, and meet customer needs better. In order to respond to the industrial trend towards PSS and frame the related research, the state-of-the-art of PSS research and development are reported. Furthermore, in order to integrate fragmental PSS solutions, this paper proposes a framework for product-service lifecycle management (PSLM) and technologies of PSS development. So, four categories are focused on: review of PSS, research about PSS development, a framework for PSLM, and technologies for PSLM (modular product-service development and ontology-based product-service knowledge expression and reuse). The preliminary solution of the implementation roadmap and technologies for PSLM which need to be perfected is proposed to lay a basis for further development and application of PSS for the benefit of industries.

Planning support systems: an inventory of current practice

Planning support systems are a subset of computer-based geo-information instruments, each of which incorporates a unique suite of components that planners can utilise to explore and manage their particular activities. The components may include data sets, computer algorithms and display facilities, as well as more abstract theoretical constructs, knowledge and modelling capabilities. PSS are used to support the planning process by communicating information as well as by generating solutions. An Internet-based inventory was established in 2000–2001 to identify the existence and use of PSS in planning practice worldwide. In this paper we take a closer look at the instruments recorded in the inventory and some of their main characteristics. Some recommendations are made for the development and application of PSS in the future.

Ca 2+ removal mechanisms in freshly isolated rabbit aortic endothelial cells

Calcium removal from the cytoplasm was investigated in freshly isolated aortic endothelial cells by monitoring changes in intracellular calcium ([Ca 2+] i) using ratiometric fura-2 fluorimetry. Blockade of the Na +/Ca 2+ exchanger (NCX) by replacement of external sodium with equi-molar N-methyl- D-glutamine (0Na PSS) decreased the removal rate by 52%. Blockade of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase (SERCA) by cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) decreased the removal rate by 50%. Simultaneous application of CPA and 0Na PSS did not reduce the removal rate any further (53%). The lack of additivity of these two procedures, suggests that SERCA and the NCX function in series to lower [Ca 2+] i. In addition, in the absence of extracellular Ca 2+, removal of external Na + markedly reduced the rate of loss of Ca 2+ from the ER further supporting the hypothesis that NCX is functionally linked to ER calcium release channels, and thus, plays an important role in ER calcium unloading. To investigate the mechanism for the coupling of NCX and SERCA, the same protocols as described above were repeated after treating the cells with cytochalasin D, which disrupts the cytoskeleton. This treatment uncoupled the NCX from SERCA, as evidenced by the resulting additive inhibitory effects of application of CPA and removal of extracellular Na + on the rate of Ca 2+ removal from the cytoplasm. These data suggest that in endothelial cells NCX and SERCA function in series to remove about half of the free Ca 2+ from the cytosol, while PMCA contributes to the other half of the Ca 2+ removal process.

STUDY OF PSS PERFORMANCE USING VARIOUS EXCITING SOURCES

The paper presents some preliminary results of PSS performances measured by using various exciting sources. The energy resolution of 25eV for Mn K α and of ~ 15 eV for Ti K α is obtained, respectively, for various exciting sources. The satellite structure of Si K α has been clearly observed. The peak of Cr K β and of Mn K α in a stainless steel sample has also been resolved and the detectable amount of Ti has been less than 10-9 g. The comparisons of these results attempt to find more suitable exciting source for a different application of PSS and to discuss the possibility of application carried out by PSS combined with a new μ-X-ray exciting source.