Application Of Laser Technology Research Articles

Lasers in Cholesteatoma Surgery: A Systematic Review.

The mainstay of cholesteatoma treatment is surgical and requires the removal of all squamous epithelium from the underlying normal structure. The application of laser technology in middle ear and mastoid surgery has shown promise in achieving both disease eradication and hearing preservation. This systematic review aims to include studies that have assessed the application of laser to the treatment of cholesteatoma and to review its outcomes in terms of disease eradication as well as hearing results. Two independent researchers conducted a systematic review of the literature on MEDLINE and Cochrane library, according to PRISMA guidance. The search resulted in 12 papers, reporting on 536 participants that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The hearing results did not show that using laser surgery improved hearing in cholesteatoma surgery, but neither has the use of laser shown to deteriorate hearing. With regards to the prevention of residual/recurrent cholesteatoma, the current literature reports a residual/recurrent rate of 0% to 33%. The complication rate of facial palsy is 0.6%. While there is certainly a role for future studies especially randomised large-cohort prospective comparative studies, the current literature suggests that laser may have a role in prevention or minimizing of residual cholesteatoma and generally have a safe hearing outcome profile.

Application of laser technologies in mechanical engineering

Lasers are widely used and have wide prospects in the most various branches of mechanical engineering. The paper considers the possibilities of using changes in laser technologies in billet production, welding and Assembly various materials, engraving and painting.

Er,Cr:YSGG Laser in the Debonding of Feldspathic Porcelain Veneers: An In Vitro Study of Two Different Fluences.

Background: New applications in laser technology in aesthetic restorative dentistry merit further research. This study compares the debonding strength and failure mode of feldspathic ceramic veneers using either Er,Cr:YSGG (erbium,chromium:ytrrium-scandium-gallium-garnet) laser at two levels of fluency or no laser (control group). Methods: An in vitro comparative study was carried out using bovine teeth that were randomly distributed into 3 groups of 21 specimens each: (a) experimental group 1 (EG1): irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG (Waterlase iPlus®; Biolase, Irvine) at an energy density per pulse of 4 J/cm2, using a handpiece (Turbo; Biolase) with a sapphire tip (MX7) and applying the beam perpendicular to the specimen at a distance of 4 mm for 60 sec; (b) experimental group 2 (EG2): irradiated as in EG1, but at 2.7 J/cm2; and (c) control group (CG): debonding without laser irradiation. Results: The stress required for veneer debonding was 8.19 MPa in CG, 0.91 MPa in EG1, and 0.48 MPa in EG2. The difference between the control and both experimental groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The percentages of adhesive failure were 40%, 61.9%, and 96%, respectively. Conclusions: Using the Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 4 or 2.7 J/cm2 requires significantly less force to debond ceramic veneers. The percentage of adhesive failures in the two experimental protocols was higher than in the control group. Application of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser using the parameters in this study may be useful in removing feldspathic ceramic veneers, avoiding damaging them and protecting the enamel.

Displacement and deformation study of engineering structures with the use of modern laser technologies

Abstract Modern measuring technologies give the means to perform tasks previously impossible with conventional methods. Their main advantages include reduced time consumption and higher measurement precision. Contemporary displacement and deformation studies of engineering structures often involve application of laser technologies, which are characterised by high precision of measurements. This article presents an analysis of results obtained from measurements of changes in the geometry of an engineering structure in which two complementary measuring technologies were used, i.e. tachymetric measurement with a Leica TDRA6000 laser station and laser scanning with a 3D FARO Focus S150 scanner. The utilised laser station enabled determination of 3D displacements in the local control point network installed on the studied structure as well as transfer of point clouds obtained from laser scans into a uniform coordinate system. The hybrid technology employed and the measurement method used ensured that the accuracy of the determined displacements and deformations of the structural components of the structure was high. The described measurement and result processing technology makes it possible to comprehensively analyse the geometric performance of structures, which consequently leads to the development of more complete conclusions concerning prevention of adverse effects of displacements and deformations in engineering structures.

Research on Influencing Factors of Automotive Body-in-White Laser Welding Quality

Laser welding technology is fast, advanced, and flexible. It is the key technology to ensure the development of new automotive products. It is also a technology to improve product quality and reduce costs. However, the application of laser technology in automobile manufacturing still has a certain distance compared with foreign countries. In order to improve the competitiveness of the automotive industry, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the application of laser welding technology in automobile body-in-white. This article will start with the factors that affect the quality of laser welding of automobile body-in-white, and based on the analysis of laser welding mechanism and related characteristics, talk about the influence of laser welding power and give relevant solutions welding speed on the quality of laser welding of automobile body-in-white.

Study of impact of art performance level of blue laser technology applications and its control

&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In this work; we present an enhancement in blue laser diodes with new factors and applications for modern technology such as underwater telecommunications, bio-sensor and bio-medical systems etc. Years of advance meanwhile have much enhanced laser performance, and extremely improved their diversity, making lasers significant parts in scientific research, telecommunications, engineering, bio-medical imaging, materials working, and a swarm of other applications. This article viewing how laser technology has progressed to chance application requirements. The enhanced blue laser building diagrams to get a peak efficiency% at room temperature with modification. Moreover, we have as well estimated electro-optical performance packing of blue laser diodes been significantly various associated to GaAs laser method and novel developments and performances are required to enhance the optical power from anther laser diodes. Researchers need enhanced approaches to accurately make new the blue laser applications to use control of modern experimental measurements and optical communication.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Development Trend of Laser Technology Application in the Information Field Toward 2035

Laser technology has been widely used in the field of information since it was invented and has promoted the rapid development of information technology, which has become the main driving force for the development of information technology. “Strategic Research on China’s Laser Technology and Its Application in Information by 2035” is a key sub-project of the major consulting project “Strategic Research on China’s Laser Technology and Its Application by 2035” launched by the Chinese Academy of Engineering. It aims to conduct a comprehensive research on the application of laser technology in the information field and on the development of related industries in China; analyze the development trend of laser technology in the information field; and propose suggestions to promote the development of the field. This paper introduces the major application of several laser technologies—optical communication, laser display, optical storage, and optical sensing—in the information field, and analyzes the research and development status of laser technology, the major key technologies, and the development of related industries in China and abroad. To promote the laser technology application in the information field, we suggest that China should establish key research directions and promote the development of core technologies; build an industrial innovation platform to improve technological innovation; lay emphasis on intellectual property protection and strengthen the training of high-end talents; guide the cooperation of government, industry, education, and research to promote achievement transformation; increase policy support and guide the healthy development of the industry; exploit the advantages of industrial agglomeration to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.

Medical Application and Industrial Development Strategy of Laser Technology in China

Laser diagnosis and treatment technology has been successfully applied in the field of healthcare and become an important part of precision diagnosis and treatment in modern medicine. This article focuses on the medical application of laser technology and summarizes the development status, trends, and problems of China’s laser technology in clinical treatment, diagnosis, and industrialization, from the perspectives of practical application and industrial chain. The study revealed that China’s laser medicine has made great progress in terms of laser treatment technology, medical laser diagnosis and treatment equipment, and the industry; however, on the whole, the clinical application of laser medical technology is still catching up with the global trend. The applied research of the technology still lacks original creativity, and the research and industrialization of medical laser equipment are at the mid-low end. The key technologies and high-end equipment such as ultrafast lasers for precision diagnosis and treatment are still under foreign monopoly. The study proposes that China should establish sub-disciplines under laser medicine; strengthen the construction of national science and technology innovation platforms for laser medicine; develop regulations on laser medical equipment in a targeted manner; launch relevant policies to support the development of the laser medical equipment industry; and strive to make breakthroughs in key technology research for medical laser diagnostic equipment.

Application of Laser Technology in Fixed Prosthodontics &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;—A Review of the Literature

Introducing laser light in prosthetic dentistry opens a new era on the treatment modules with new impact in the quality of prosthodontics treatments, with hope of overcoming some of the drawbacks posed by the conventional methods of fixed prosthodontics procedures. Laser techniques cause less pain than traditional methods and eliminate the noise of instrumentals that some fearful patients who have long term neglected care and those have complex medical histories and required more specialized care, could use the advantage of laser in their treatment plan. The aim of the articles review is to highlight the current and emerging application of laser in fixed prosthodontics treatment to be used in conjunction or as replacement for traditional methods based on the research that support the indication described.

Optical Fiber Communication Technology: Present Status and Prospect

As an important application of laser technology, optical fiber communications are key enablers for the current information age. With the emergence of new technologies including Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence, there are growing needs in the society for high capacity information transmission, which puts forward higher requirements for the optical fiber communication technology. Based on a systematic review of the development status of the technology in China and abroad, this paper analyzes the problems and challenges it faces in the application of specific scenarios, and prospects the development of some related technologies in the future. Through analysis, the challenges in optical fiber communication systems with an ultra-large capacity can be solved by increasing the transmitted power, raising the bandwidth of optical amplifiers, and conducting research on low-loss optical fibers and technologies related to space division multiplexing. The cost problems of the systems in other scenarios are also considered. In general, the optical fiber communication technology is evolving toward the direction of ultra-large capacity, intelligence, and integration. It is hoped to realize intelligent monitoring of network parameters, as well as ultra-long distance and ultra-large capacity transmission. With the development of devices and integration technology, the optical fiber communication industry continues to move forward toward the goal of high performance and low cost.

Applications of Laser Processing of Materials in Surface Engineering in the Industry 4.0 Stage of the Industrial Revolution

AbstractThis article presents a comprehensive literature study showing contemporary industrial applications of laser processing of materials in the area of surface engineering. Laser remelting, alloying, feathering, and cladding are discussed. The results of our own research on the application of laser technologies for surface treatment, including hot work tool alloy steels, high-speed steels, magnesium and aluminum alloys, are presented. The production of porous titanium microskeletons prepared using the additive selective laser sintering (SLS) method for the production of original biological engineering materials and implants-scaffolds is presented. The laser texturing of polycrystalline silicon is also presented after texturing requiring etching in alkaline solutions and preferably also after applying antireflective coatings. The article also presents the use of SLS for the application of electrical contacts on photovoltaic cells. Identification of the critical surface of engineering technologies has been presented. Attention was paid to select 21 technologies, which were included in the group of laser processing of materials, from 500 critical technologies of surface engineering that were analyzed with our own methodology of technological foresight. In order to determine the strategic position of individual groups of critical technologies, an original set of context matrices was developed, including the dendrological matrix of technology values and the meteorological matrix of environmental impact, and the results were summarized in a sixteen-field strategy matrix for technologies. A 20-year time horizon of heuristic research was established. It has been shown that the analyzed technologies of laser processing of materials are finding wider and wider application in modern technology so that their significant development in the next two decades should be expected. It has been pointed out that laser surface technologies, because of their high development potential demonstrated by the performed foresight research, are some of the important elements of the development of the Industry 4.0 idea.

Application of femtosecond laser technology in the management of subluxated lens

To evaluate the application of femtosecond laser technology in the management of subluxated lens. We retrospectively analyzed the data of the patients with subluxated lens undergoing femtosecond laser- assisted surgery at the Cataract Center of Guangzhou Aier Eye Hospital between March, 2017 and May, 2019. The LenSx femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery system was used to perform capsulotomy and lens fragmentation. According to the patients' eye condition, anterior vitrectomy was performed and capsular retractors was used. After phacoemulsification, I/A and insertion of the tension rings, the intraocular lens (IOL) was implanted into the capsular bag. The perioperative data, complications, visual acuity and intraocular pressure after the operation were recorded, and the stability of the capsular bag and IOLs were assessed. We analyzed the data of 25 cases (29 eyes) of subluxated lens, including 16 (16 eyes; 55.17%) as the result of traumatic lens subluxation, 5 (9 eyes; 31.03%) of Mafan syndromes, 1 case (1 eye; 3.45%) of high myopia and 3 cases (3 eyes; 10.34%) of unknown causes. Thirteen 13 eyes (44.83%) showed mild subluxation, 7 (24.14%) had moderate subluxation, and 9 (31.03%) had severe subluxation. Femtosecond laser- assisted capsulorhexis, lens fragmentation and phacoemulsification were successfully completed for 29 eyes, of which 28 eyes (96.55%) retained the complete capsular bag and with successful implantation of the capsular tension devices and IOLs. Nine eyes (31.03%) were treated with anterior segment vitrectomy; iris hooks were used for 2 eyes (6.90%) and capsular bag hooks for 9 eyes (31.03%). The best corrected visual acuity was significantly improved in 29 eyes after operation (P &lt; 0.05). At 1 month after the surgery, 26 eyes (89.66%) showed stably centered IOLs, 2 eyes (6.90%) showed slight tilt of the IOLs, and 3 eyes (10.34%) had anterior capsular contraction. The intraoperative complications included subconjunctival hemorrhage (75.87%), incomplete capsulotomy (17.24%) and contracted pupils (13.79%). The application of femtosecond laser assisted technology enhances the surgical safety and effectiveness for subluxated lens, facilitates the choice of individualized surgical options, and promotes maximum recovery of the patients' visual function.

Effects of laser on the non-smooth surface in improving the durability of hot forging tools

One of the key factors determining the lifetime or durability of hot forging tools is their resistance to wearing. The application of laser technology to prepare a non-smooth unit on the surface of hot forging tools has been found to be an effective method in improving the lifetime or durability of the hot forging tools. In this study, laser non-smooth surfaces were prepared by laser texturing technology on the surface of hot forging tools used in factories. The microstructure and the phase composition of the non-smooth unit were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Moreover, the wear resistance of the unit at different angles was also examined. Three representative unit angles were identified on the surface of the hot forging tools for the actual application in the factory. Similar results of wearing were observed in the laboratory and the actual application test in the factory. The results show that the smaller the angle of the non-smooth unit, the higher the wear resistance of the non-smooth surface. It was evidently confirmed that the 0° unit ensures the best wear resistance and provides the longest durability to the hot forging tools.

Open partial horizontal laryngectomy using CO2 fiber laser.

The application of CO2 fiber laser technology to ENT surgery has led to new interesting scenarios, both in endoscopic and in open surgical approaches. The current video shows three examples of open partial horizontal laryngectomies (OPHLs) performed using CO2 fiber laser for resection procedures. CO2 fiber laser helped the surgeon in improving the accuracy of resection and the quality of surgical margins on specimen. The low thermal damage on tissues resulted in minor postoperative edema and a fast recovery of laryngeal function. In our experience, the application of CO2 fiber laser showed some very useful features for performing OPHLs: a high cutting precision with very low tissue damage, the possibility of delivering energy without touching the organ, a modulable power for the various surgical steps, a very good maneuverability of the fine fiber holder during the procedure allowing the surgeon to "draw" the resection with a great accuracy.

Measurement of Gas Temperature and Concentration Based on TDLAS

The measurement of gas temperature and concentration in combustion process has always been an important part of research. Based on the application of tunable diode laser technology in gas detection, the molecular absorption spectroscopy system was established and the concentration and temperature of water vapor were measured. Based on the spectral parameters in the latest HITRAN 2016 database, a group of programs have been compiled, which adopt the form of VOIGT function and consider frequency shift caused by pressure and temperature and . The spectral absorbance of H2O was obtained by the computer program. Based on the scanning range of the laser, the spectral lines of water vapor molecule near 1392 nm were screened to obtain the suitable pairs of spectral lines for measuring temperature and concentration. The pairs of spectral lines were validated as gas temperature measurements at high temperature by numerical simulation. TDLAS system is built independently, and TDLAS technology is used to measure the gas concentration field and temperature field in an experimental way. It is of great significance for TDLAS technology in gas monitoring.

Laser spot image acquisition and processing based on LabVIEW

With the wide application of laser technology in various fields, how to quickly and quantitatively evaluate the characteristic parameters of laser spot becomes a hot issue in laser technology research. In this paper, based on the virtual instrument LabVIEW platform, the image is captured by USB camera, the NI-IMAQdx module is used for programming.Through image acquisition, gradation transformation, filtering processing, threshold segmentation and edge detection, the pseudo-color transformation display, centroid, long and short axis values and ellipticity of laser spot intensity are obtained, the corresponding display level is 0–256, and the working wavelength range is 400 nm–1100 nm, which satisfies the testing and analysis requirements in most current environments.

Visible and IR luminescence of complex centers created by thermo-optical treatment in anion-deficient corundum

To verify the possibility of creating complex centers in anion-deficient corundum crystals (α-Al2O3-δ) by special thermo-optical treatment, optical absorption (OA) and photoluminescence (PL) spectra have been studied at nitrogen and helium temperatures. At low temperatures, the OA and PL bands recorded in the visible and near infrared (NIR) regions displayed zero-phonon lines and phonon-assisted lines. Their comparison with analogous OA and PL bands in neutron-irradiated stoichiometric α-Al2O3 samples revealed full similarity between their vibronic structures. These findings are additional evidence to support the possibility of generating non-radiatively in α-Al2O3-δ complex centers emitting in the visible and NIR regions. The results of the study will enable the applications of corundum detector and laser technologies to be extended.

Photo actuation of liquid crystalline elastomer nanocomposites incorporated with gold nanoparticles based on surface plasmon resonance.

In this work, according to the characteristic of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of metallic nanoparticles, we investigated the photo actuation performance of a liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE) nanocomposite with incorporated gold nanoparticles (nano-gold/LCE nanocomposite). The nano-gold/LCE nanocomposites were fabricated by incorporating gold nanoparticles into a polysiloxane-based LCE matrix via a novel experimental protocol, and characterized by a well-developed SPR absorption band in the visible spectrum range. The nano-gold/LCE nanocomposites demonstrated strong actuation upon irradiation with a quasi-daylight source; the reason lay in that the SPR response of gold nanoparticles performed efficient energy conversion from light energy to thermal energy, and thus offered an activation pathway for the nematic-isotropic transition of the LCE matrix. The nano-gold/LCE nanocomposites underwent rapid maximum axial contraction up to about one third of the original length under light irradiation, and this photo-stimulated muscle-like actuation was fully reversible via the on-off switching of the light source. The photo actuation properties of nano-gold/LCE nanocomposites with varying irradiation intensities and gold nanoparticle content were also investigated. In addition, the nano-gold/LCE nanocomposites demonstrated superior optical nonlinear properties, and revealed potential for the application area of mode-locking for laser technology.

Chaotic laser parallel series synchronization and its repeater applications in secure communication

In this paper, chaotic parallel synchronization and quasi-periodic parallel synchronization between two mutually coupled different semiconductor lasers and other lasers are studied, and the regeneration of chaotic laser and key technology of repeater are discussed. The complex dynamic system and network of laser parallel series are presented in mathematics and in physics, and the network topology diagram and optics path are specified. A mathematical-physical model is given to study how to obtain parallel synchronization via the coupled driving nonlinear equations. The operating principle of the repeater is put forward for chaotic secure communication, and the channel equation of repeater is established because the laser chaotic behavior is extremely sensitive to external influences and system parameter changes. The laser’s chaotically regenerating and transmitting is successfully realized via two sets of repeaters. The chaotic encoding communication with repeaters is successfully completed while the encoding information signal is accurately extracted from the chaotic carrier by a filter and calculating the synchronous difference. We adopt three sets of lasers as a research case to simulate and verify the theory of laser parallel series network we put forward to fit perfectly the obtained numerical results. We study the parameter mismatch problem of the system, where the synchronous difference is numerically calculated by varying some parameters of the lasers. In the case of smaller parameter mismatch, the system has a highly synchronous capability to a certain degree. This is a novel laser chaotic encoding network in chaotic secure communication and characterizes the core technical elements of the repeater. The laser transmitter has four nonlinear interaction variables, where the nonlinear interaction between the amplitude and phase of the two optical fields results in highly nonlinear dynamics. The system has the characteristics of high nonlinearity, multi-variable, high-dimension, and multi-key. So it is highly secure and not easy to crack. The results have an important reference value for the chaos applications in remote secure communication, optical network and laser technology.

Revealing structural modifications in thermomechanical reshaping of collagenous tissues using optical coherence elastography.

Moderate heating of such collagenous tissues as cornea and cartilages by infra-red laser (IR laser) irradiation is an emerging technology for nondestructive modification of the tissue shape and microstructure for a variety of applications in ophthalmology, otolaryngology and so on. Postirradiation high-resolution microscopic examination indicates the appearance of microscopic either spheroidal or crack-like narrow pores depending on the tissue type and irradiation regime. Such examinations usually require special tissue preparation (eg, staining, drying that affect microstructure themselves) and are mostly suitable for studying individual pores, whereas evaluation of their averaged parameters, especially in situ, is challenging. Here, we demonstrate the ability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to visualize areas of pore initiation and evaluate their averaged properties by combining visualization of residual irradiation-induced tissue dilatation and evaluation of the accompanying Young-modulus reduction by OCT-based compressional elastography. We show that the averaged OCT-based data obtained in situ fairly well agree with the microscopic examination results. The results obtained develop the basis for effective and safe applications of novel nondestructive laser technologies of tissue modification in clinical practice. PICTURE: Elastographic OCT-based images of an excised rabbit eye cornea subjected to thermomechanical laser-assisted reshaping. Central panel shows resultant cumulative dilatation in cornea after moderate (~45-50°C) pulse-periodic heating by an IR laser together with distribution of the inverse Young modulus 1/E before (left) and after (right) IR irradiation. Significant modulus decrease in the center of irradiated region is caused by initiated micropores. Their parameters can be extracted by analyzing the elastographic images.