Application Of Information Modeling Research Articles

Generation of Open City Information Model for Disaster Prevention

Abstract Clear understanding and related information management of geography and city facilities are the fundamental approach to prevent city disaster. In order to accomplish the service to prevent city disaster effectively, there needs to be a consistent framework for data collection, to build models, and to manage information. In this study, the authors proposed standardized city information modeling process and application concept to use information model for service of preventing city disaster in information management standpoint. The study was conducted on the process of classification and necessary attributes to manage city facilities effectively considering disaster related information. Additionally, the study suggested the methods for building an open city information model based on an integrated data schema, CityGML. Finally, through the implementation of sample model, the study confirmed city information modeling methodology and applicability for service of disaster prevention.

Capability of Building Information Modeling Application in Quantity Surveying Practice

Building information modeling (BIM) application has the potential to revolutionize the quantity surveying practice. It appears that quantity surveyors are still lagging behind in BIM application compared to other professionals. Low adoption among quantity surveyors is due to lack of awareness of the potential of BIM application toward their profession. Quantity surveyors are still unsure of the capability of BIM in their practice. It is still generally underexplored how BIM application contributes to quantity surveyors performance improvement. This research attempts to identify the capabilities of BIM application in quantity surveying practice to increase awareness. The scope of this research limited to pre-construction stage. The potential capabilities are found through literatures and verify through interviews with eight quantity surveyors till achieve saturation. The findings indicated that there are 11 potential BIM capabilities that can enhance quantity surveyors’ performance and majorities of them are confirmed by the interviewees. These findings provide clear understanding that BIM application has the capabilities to enhance quantity surveyors’ performance where traditionally their works are known as time-consuming and error-prone.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) application framework: The process of expanding from 3D to computable nD

Abstract The utilization of Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been growing significantly and translating into the support of various tasks within the construction industry. In relation to such a growth, many approaches that leverage dimensions of information stored in BIM model are being developed. Through this, it is possible to allow all stakeholders to retrieve and generate information from the same model, enabling them to work cohesively. To identify gaps of existing work and evaluate new studies in this area, a BIM application framework is developed and discussed in this paper. Such a framework gives an overview of BIM applications in the construction industry. A literature review, within this framework, has been conducted and the result reveals a research gap for BIM applications in the project domains of quality, safety and environmental management. A computable multi-dimensional (nD) model is difficult to establish in these areas because with continuously changing conditions, the decision making rules for evaluating whether an individual component is considered good quality, or whether a construction site is safe, also vary as the construction progresses. A process of expanding from 3D to computable nD models, specifically, a possible way to integrate safety, quality and carbon emission variables into BIM during the construction phase of a project is explained in this paper. As examples, the processes of utilizing nD models on real construction sites are described. It is believed to benefit the industry by providing a computable BIM and enabling all project participants to extract any information required for decision making. Finally, the framework is used to identify areas to extend BIM research.

Study on Application of Urban Underground Drain Pipeline Information Modeling as an Auxiliary Decision Support in Urban Planning

Underground pipelines are blood vessels of a city. However, ongoing urban drain pipe accidents, especially the urban flooding accidents hit cities in recent years. One important reason is lack of mastery of underground pipeline information and its operation condition in cities and necessary urban underground drain pipeline information as decision support for planning and management. This leads to loss of scientific and rational evaluation of urban drain pipelines and eventually results in urban planning and construction to a certain unbridled extent. This paper addresses the construction and application of Kunming's urban drain pipeline information model to scientifically simulate and rationally analyze the urban underground drain pipeline capacity. The study results have positive effect in promoting scientific planning and construction of urban drain pipelines.

Combining Photogrammetry and Augmented Reality Towards an Integrated Facility Management System for the Oil Industry

The capabilities of applying smart information management systems for facility management (FM) in oil refining context have not yet been fully exploited. This paper presents a study that investigates the applicability of integrating advanced technologies such as augmented virtuality (AV), augmented reality (AR), and server-sustained information modeling (IM) in facilitating FM activities for a petroleum refinery. The paper starts with a thorough review on previous work in which multiple information processing technologies are applied to aid FM. The following section presents the conceivable merits when the novel visualization is formulated to enhance the conventional IM application. It then proposes a novel system framework based on technological feasibility and further describes the development of a system prototype that boosts immersive and interactive experiences to FM toward a multitude of electrical components. It is noted that this paper focuses on the method for the technological realization of the system. With the successful development of the system, it is able to deal with the management of complex information flows, support the users' navigation in geo-coordinates, and enables a succinct smart IM interface with switchable AV/AR scenes. In view that IM has been proved suitable in supporting real-time communication and information management while AV/AR can be effectively used to improve the way how information is exhibited into real workspaces, the system proves the concept of IM+AV/AR in the context of FM in a refinery. Future work will be conducted on the evaluation of system effectiveness and system optimization, with the aim of functional improvement and performing a feasibility study.

Building information modeling application: focus-group discussion

Building information modeling application: focus-group discussion

Application of Common Information Model in Analyzing the Area of Vulnerability to Voltage Sags

The common information model CIM in IEC61970 standard is an abstract description of existing physical objects and their relationship in power system, which has been widely used in the construction of computer application systems of power system. In order to track the real-time operation state of power system when analyzing the area of vulnerability (AOV) to voltage sags, this paper proposes a novel method to obtain the data required by AOV analysis through parsing source data defined with CIM, and source data are from the SCADA system, equipment management system and management information system of safe production. The design scheme of AOV analysis using CIM is introduced, and method of parsing CIM is also provided. Finally, the method is applied to a regional power system of China, and graphic results of AOV are shown under balanced and unbalanced faults.

The Impact of Different Sources of Body Mass Index Assessment on Smoking Onset: An Application of Multiple-Source Information Models

Multiple-source data are often collected to provide better information of some underlying construct that is difficult to measure or likely to be missing. In this article, we describe regression-based methods for analyzing multiple-source data in Stata. We use data from the BROMS Cohort Study, a cohort of Swedish adolescents who collected data on body mass index that was self-reported and that was measured by nurses. We draw together into a single frame of reference both source reports and relate these to smoking onset. This unified method has two advantages over traditional approaches: 1) the relative predictiveness of each source can be assessed and 2) all subjects contribute to the analysis. The methods are applicable to other areas of epidemiology where multiple-source reports are used.

Designing a BIM-based serious game for fire safety evacuation simulations

This paper presents results of the first phase of the research project “Serious Human Rescue Game” at Technische Universität Darmstadt. It presents a new serious gaming approach based on Building Information Modeling (BIM) for the exploration of the effect of building condition on human behavior during the evacuation process. In reality it is impossible to conduct rescue tests in burning buildings to study the human behavior. Therefore, the current methods of data-collecting for existing evacuation simulation models have limitations regarding the individual human factors. To overcome these limitations the research hypothesis is that the human behavior can be explored with a serious computer game: The decisions of a person during the game should be comparable to decisions during an extreme situation in the real world. To verify this hypothesis, this paper introduces a serious gaming approach for analyzing the human behavior in extreme situations. To implement a serious game, developers generally make use of 3D-modeling software to generate the game content. After this, the game logic needs to be added to the content with special software development kits for computer games. Every new game scenario has to be built manually from scratch. This is time-consuming and a great share of modeling work needs to be executed twice (e.g., 3D-modeling), at first by the architect for the parametric building model and the second time by the game designer for the 3D-game content. The key idea of the presented approach is to use the capabilities of BIM together with engineering simulations (fire, smoke) to build realistic serious game scenarios in a new and efficient way. This paper presents the first phase results of the research project mainly focusing on the conceptual design of the serious game prototype. The validation concept is also presented. The inter-operability between building information modeling applications and serious gaming platforms should allow different stakeholders to simulate building-related scenarios in a new, interactive and efficient way.

BIM Experiences and Expectations: The Constructors' Perspective

Building Information Modeling (BIM) applications are being rapidly embraced by the construction industry to reduce cost, time, and enhance quality as well as environmental sustainability. As a result many construction firms are gaining experience with these new tools and processes and changing their expectations from university graduates. As many construction programs strive to deliver curriculum and research that is relevant to the industry, it is essential to accurately understand the impact of BIM on the operations and practice of construction companies. Accordingly, this study benchmarks the current status of BIM implementations, organizational structures, training requirements, and strategies of construction companies and examines their expectations from university construction graduates in regard to BIM knowledge and skills. An online survey was devised to understand the current level of BIM expertise and strategies of construction companies and their expectations. The survey invited national and regional U.S. construction companies with a presence in the mid-Atlantic area. The findings of this study support the fact that BIM is growing as an important component of construction operations and provide a benchmark to measure the evolution of BIM practice in construction firms over time and across different sectors. The study provides important insights that inform university construction curricular efforts.

Application of 3D Bridge Information Modeling to Design and Construction of Bridges

Building information modeling (BIM) is a new technology in bridge construction industry. 3D models can provide perfect numerical expression of drawings from design results. 3D information models for bridge structures improve design quality in terms of accurate drawings, constructability and collaboration. However, there are lots of obstacles to apply these techniques to actual bridge projects. In this paper, extensible information schema for bridges is proposed to enable interoperability between different design and construction processes. From the planning stage of a bridge construction project to the construction stage, the proposed bridge information models were applied to enhance current practices. Digital mock-up, parametric modeling, 4D and 5D simulation were conducted. From several applications for four years, a design guideline of 3D information models was suggested. It is essential to change current processes for the effective use of BIM techniques in bridge construction industry.

Adapting Clinical Ontologies in Real-World Environments.

The desideratum of semantic interoperability has been intensively discussed in medical informatics circles in recent years. Originally, experts assumed that this issue could be sufficiently addressed by insisting simply on the application of shared clinical terminologies or clinical information models. However, the use of the term 'ontology' has been steadily increasing more recently. We discuss criteria for distinguishing clinical ontologies from clinical terminologies and information models. Then, we briefly present the role clinical ontologies play in two multicentric research projects. Finally, we discuss the interactions between these different kinds of knowledge representation artifacts and the stakeholders involved in developing interoperational real-world clinical applications. We provide ontology engineering examples from two EU-funded projects.

A Method of Teaching the Underlying Theory of XBRL: An Application of Information Modeling and XML Programming with a Microsoft Excel Implementation

In this paper, we describe a computer lab exercise that will help students understand the underlying theory of XBRL. The lab requires students to build the taxonomy of accounts from a trial balance, create a well structured XML compliant document, load the XML document into Microsoft Excel, and produce a set of financial statements. The exercise follows the system development life cycle, is user friendly, and is very easy to understand. Bloom's taxonomy of thinking skills was used to structure the learning objectives. At two hours in length, the exercise has been used in an AIS class and was received very well by the students. By the end of the lab, students should understand the concept of information modeling, markup technologies, and how they can be applied to accounting.

5.1.4 Information modelling and systems re‐engineering—an efficient approach to assessing complex current Norwegian natural gas transport operations

AbstractThis paper presents the use of information models as tools for systematically assessing existing Norwegian natural gas transport operations. The models, integral parts of a systems re‐engineering process to analyze the entire transport operation, consist of a requirement traceability model, a system architecture model, a behavior model, and a context model. These models not only consistently define existing operations, but also verify how well the operations meet effectiveness measures that have been identified for the operations.Systems re‐engineering and the models derived from it are shown here to reduce the asymmetry in information that is typically present in this industry between principals and their agents (e.g., authorities vs. system owners, system owners vs. system operators, and shippers vs. shippers' dispatching representatives). Further, information modelling of an existing system is shown here to differ from the more traditional application of information modelling: to bring a new system into being.Models provide a scientific framework for evaluating how a changing business environment impacts existing operations. New legislative requirements and economic measures can be tested with models, which also allow new operational services and business opportunities to be identified and evaluated prior to implementation in actual operations.

Das Informationsmodell: Basis für die interdisziplinäre Prozeßbeschreibung

Optimizing chemical production requires an integral view. Additional efforts in modelling and presentation become necessary to achieve systematic and harmonic cooperation of the different sources of knowledge. Support may be found in a semantic way of description, the so-called information model of production. The phase-model of production as an object-oriented semantic tool helps to describe process structures and to gather informations of the different knowledge sources concerned. In future development of complex automation systems the application of information models will be an important contribution

British Robot Association — robot facts 1989

This paper assesses the construction industry. It provides a detailed research on improving the time effectiveness and planning control of the prefabricated components used in the construction industry by providing a demonstration of the system. The proposed system shows how Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) installed prefabricated building components can be tracked through the supply chain using RFID Technology. The output of each location in the supply chain is given to the Computer-aided design(CAD) model using colour coding. Initially the research was carried out on LEGO model to demonstrate a system in which RFID tags are installed in the prefabricated building components and are brought from the manufacturing unit to the construction site through different stages in the supply chain. Later Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Prefabrication applications were analyzed. Simulation of the proposed system was carried out to study the impacts that it will have on the current prefabrication construction industry. During the research, the CAD model of the LEGO model was used for the demonstration. The CAD model represented the building in the real construction process. The model was made up of 6 components. The study has many advantages in the industry in the current times as it helps to save time and reduce the cost. It covers up the lack of information flow in the supply chain of the construction industry.

Sustainable Development of the Mountain Regions of the USSR. The Realities, the Role of Science, and Research Orientations

Mountains and highlands account for 26 percent of the territory of the USSR. Over 20 percent of its total population live in these regions. Centralized planning for more than half a century has produced inappropriate mountain resource-use policies leading to serious environmental deterioration, disruption of local cultures, and ethnic unrest. The first part of this paper expands this thesis and provides several examples. The second part gives an overview of the development of Soviet mountain research from the large interdisciplinary expeditions of the 1920s and 1930s, to the introduction of I. P. Gerasimov's constructive geography in 1966, to the absorption of MAB-6 principles and approaches in the 1970s and early 1980s. The most recent stage has seen the beginnings of international and interdisciplinary collaboration through close working relationships with the United Nations University, the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, the International Mountain Society, the East-West Center, and the Commission on Mountain Geoecology of the International Geographical Union. The paper concludes with an outline of the new organizational structures required, and an indication of some of the essential approaches, particularly Geographical Information Systems and modeling applications, together with worldwide research collaboration. These approaches will fall within the new spirit of glasnost. The aim will be to achieve fully integrated mountain research and to apply the results to the solution of mountain resource-use problems.