Application Of Health Belief Model Research Articles

Predictors of cervical cancer screening practice among HIV positive women attending adult anti-retroviral treatment clinics in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia: the application of a health belief model

BackgroundCervical cancer is a global public health problem and the second most common cancer causing morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia. Few available evidences revealed that despite distribution and severity of cervical cancer among HIV-positive women and the ease with which it can be prevented, cervical cancer screening practice in Ethiopia among them is considerably low. Thus, this study aims to assess predictors of cervical cancer screening practice among HIV-positive women by applying health belief model concepts.MethodsFacility based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bishoftu. Data was collected from 475 women who visit the health facilities for anti-retroviral services using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Champion’s revised Health Belief Model sub-scales were used as data collection tools containing sources of information, knowledge, perception on cervical cancer screening and cervical cancer screening practice as variables. Frequencies, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to describe findings. Multi-variable logistic regression and 95% confidence intervals were considered to identify predictors of cervical cancer screening practice by controlling possible confounders.ResultsCervical cancer screening practice among HIV-positive women in this study was 25%. Health proffesionals were the main sources of information about cervical cancer and its screening. There was a difference between the ‘ever’ and ‘never’ screened groups in mean scores of their perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived self-efficacy, perceived threat and net-benefit towards screening (P < 0.05). Perceived self-efficacy (AOR 1.24, 95%CI 1.13–1.37), perceived threat (AOR 1.08, 95%CI 1.05–1.12) and perceived net-benefit (AOR 1.18, 95% CI 1.12, 1.24) were the predictors of cervical cancer screening practice.ConclusionsCervical cancer screening practice in this study was lower than that of the recommended coverage of the target group by the national guideline (80%). This finding has an important implication for public health intervention aimed at cervical cancer prevention. Morever, womens’ perceptions on cervical cancer screening had a significant influence on the utilization of cervical cancer screening service. Therefore, educational programmes geared towards severity of the case, availability of screeningand helpfulness of being screened can significantly improve the uptake of cervical cancer screening.

Determinants of daily exercises among employees with overweight or obesity: the application of health belief model

Determinants of daily exercises among employees with overweight or obesity: the application of health belief model

Application of Health Belief Model to Practice of Responsible Gambling.

Responsible gambling (RG) strategies seem to be effective only to some people and it is unclear why some gamblers are more likely to adhere to RG practices (e.g., self-exclusion and setting limits). The current study investigated whether cognitive factors, including RG awareness and Health Belief Model (HBM) factors (i.e., perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, cue to action, and self-efficacy), accounted for individual differences in adherence to ten common RG practices. Eight hundred and ninety-six community-dwelling adults were recruited to participate in a telephone poll in Macao, China, in November 2016. We found that only 56.1% of the respondents had heard of RG, and there was a positive relation between RG awareness and RG practices. Moreover, HBM factors were also shown to explain one's adherence to RG practices in general but the effectiveness of HBM factors varied across RG practices. The findings provided practical implications that there is a need to target different cognitive beliefs for promoting different RG practices in designing intervention.

Predictors of Pap Smear Screening Behavior Among Rural Women in Tabriz, Iran: An Application of Health Belief Model

Background: In order to increase the acceptance level of the cervical cancer screening behavior among women, understanding the associated factors of the behavior is necessary. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cognitive determinants of Pap smear screening (PSS) behaviors among rural women in Tabriz, Iran. Methods: In this cross sectional study, multistage random sampling was employed to recruit 220 rural women in Tabriz, Iran. A valid and reliable health behavior model (HBM)-based instrument was completed by all the respondents. Results: The odds ratio of perceived benefits in multivariable was 1.18 (1.08 - 1.27) i.e. with one unit increase in perceived benefits, odds cervical cancer screening behavior 18% increases, and age = 0.94 (0.91 - 0.98) i.e. with one unit increase in age, odds cervical cancer screening behavior 6% decreases were statistically significant. Conclusions: The HBM was promising in determining the cognitive predictors of PSS behavior. Healthcare providers may specifically focus on perceived benefits and perceived barriers for designing PSS promotion interventions.

Effect of Motivational Interviewing on Hypertension, self-care and Quality of Life of Rural Aged People: Application of Health Belief Model

Effect of Motivational Interviewing on Hypertension, self-care and Quality of Life of Rural Aged People: Application of Health Belief Model

Applying health belief model for the assessment of community knowledge, attitude and prevention practices following a dengue epidemic in a township in Selangor, Malaysia

Background: Dengue fever is endemic in Malaysia and continues to be a public health concern. Selangor was the top hit and there is a paucity of information on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of Bandar Baru Bangi residents regarding dengue infection. Therefore, the objective of this study is to describe dengue related knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of residents of Bandar Baru Bangi.Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 152 residents from Section 3 and Section 8, Bandar Baru Bangi attending the dengue awareness events was conducted. The information on socio-demographic characteristics of the participants and their knowledge, attitude and practice on dengue fever was collected using a structured questionnaire.Results: The results showed that the residents only 52% had sufficient knowledge about the dengue vectors, signs, symptoms, and modes of transmission. However, approximately all the respondents considered dengue as serious but preventable disease to which they are vulnerable to. Television/radio was the predominant sources of information about dengue fever. Knowledge on dengue is associated with prevention practice. But the self-efficacy has a significant impact between the owner and tenant house (p=0.010, p&lt;0.05). Female has higher self-efficacy compare to male.Conclusions: As conclusion, findings suggest that despite the residents of Bandar Baru Bangi have moderate knowledge level about dengue fever nevertheless; they still adopted the preventive measures suggested by the guidelines from Ministry of Health. Therefore, health program planners and practitioners need to identify why the dengue fever still rampant among the population.

Path Analysis: Application of Health Belief Model on the Determinants of Clean and Healthy Behavior among Elderly with Hypertension

Background: Lifestyle or behavioral factors critically determine high blood pressure in individuals. Elderly with hypertension in Indonesia aged 55-64 years by 45.9%, 65-74 years by 57.6%, and > 75 years by 63.8%. This study aimed to examine factors affecting healthy behavior in elderly with hypertension using the health belief model. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Ngawi, East Java, from June to July 2019. A sample of 200 elderly was selected by multistage random sampling. The dependent variable was clean and healthy behavior. The independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, cues to action, self-efficacy, knowledge, attitude, and access to health service. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: Clean and healthy behavior was positively and directly affected by self-efficacy (b= 1.51; 95% CI= 0.29 to 2.74; p= 0.015), attitude (b= 2.37; 95% CI = 1.17 to 3.56; p<0.001) , cues for action (b = 2.48; 95% CI= 1.11 to 3.86; p <0.001), perceived susceptibility (b= 2.07; 95% CI= 0.89 to 3.26; p= 0.001), perceived severity (b= 1.76; 95% CI= 0.54 to 2.99; p= 0.005), perceived benefit (b= 1.47; 95% CI= 0.36 to 2.57; p = 0.009), and access to health services (b= 2.26; 95% CI= 1.00 to 3.53; p<0.001). Clean and healthy behavior was indirectly affected by knowledge. Conclusion: The clean and healthy lifestyle behavior of the elderly is directly affected by the perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, perceived benefits, cues to act, self-efficacy, attitudes, and access to health services. Clean and healthy behavior is affected by knowledge. Keywords: clean and healthy behavior, elderly, health belief model, path analysis Correspondence : Septian Najib Imtichan. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 54176, Central Java. Email: septianimtichan@gmail.com.Mobile: +6285229799672 Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2019), 4(2): 110-120 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2019.04.02.03

High Risk for Obesity among Youth in West Bank /Palestine

Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading risk for global deaths. Obesity and the related health risks have been noted to be an epidemic problem worldwide , especially in developing countries. Aim: Application of health belief model among youth at high risk for obesity in Palestine (West Bank). Research design: A quasi-experimental design. Settings: The study was conducted at Faculty of Nursing /An-Najah National University, which located in Nablus and IBN Sina College for Health Sciences, West Bank- Palestine. Subjects: A purposive sample composed of 117 students, from both previous setting. Tools, three tools were used: First: A self-administered questionnaire, it was composed of four parts, part one: socio-demographic data, part two: Assess university student's knowledge regarding obesity, nutritional habits, and its consequence. Part three: Assess university student's practices related to health belief regarding healthy food and regular exercises. Part 4: Assess the effects of obesity on university student's life style. Second tool: The HBM sub constructs which used in this study. Third tool: Anthropometric measurement to detect body mass index. Results: Revealed that less than half of youth were obesity class1, and more than one third were obesity class II. There was a highly significant difference between student’s knowledge and their practices regarding obesity,healthy food, and exercises pre &post nursing intervention program Conclusion: This study concluded that, the application of health belief model among youth had a significant statistical relationship with improved knowledge and practices related to health belief of student at high risk for obesity. Recommendations: Conducting routine screening for obesity, dieting and other weight reduction practices as an integral part of the ongoing health care provided by all health services .HBM also suggests that the benefits and barriers of changing health behavior must be taken into consideration.

Determinants of the Regular Physical Activity among Employees of Healthcare Network: Application of Health Belief Model

Determinants of the Regular Physical Activity among Employees of Healthcare Network: Application of Health Belief Model

Effect of Education on Promoting Preventive Behaviors of Oral and Dental Problems: Applying Health Belief Model

Effect of Education on Promoting Preventive Behaviors of Oral and Dental Problems: Applying Health Belief Model

Determinants of adherence to tuberculosis treatment in Iranian patients: Application of health belief model.

Adherence to TB treatment is an important issue for TB control, with key health consequences. Identification of the factors associated with that adherence is also important. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with adherence to tuberculosis treatment, using the health belief model (HBM). Overall 297 TB patients were recruited to the study using the census method. All patients completed a 40-question survey form anonymously. The questionnaire was developed based on the Health Belief Model. Data collection was carried out through interviews and questionnaires, as well as observing medical records and medical cards to be used in medical performance checklists. The participants comprised 159 men and 138 women with an average age of 56.8 years (range 19-72 years). The results showed that the variables of perceived threat, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy accounted for 42% of the variance in therapeutic adherence. The strongest predictor of adherence was found to be self-efficacy. HBM appears to be a suitable model in predicting therapeutic adherence in TB patients. Our results emphasize the centrality of self-efficacy in treatment adherence, that health educators should consider when developing programs to motivate patients to adhere to treatment.

EFEKTIFITAS PENERAPAN HEALTH BELIEF MODELTERHADAP PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS)

The degree of human health can be influenced by behavior. This behavior factor still becomes a health problem in Indonesia. Unhealthy behavior causes various kinds of infectious diseases and non-infectious diseases. Various efforts to change the behavior of people who do not know, do not want to, and cannot afford it, have been carried out t by the government. However, Clean and Healthy Behavior is still a concern and not optimal yet. Health Belief Model (HBM) is applied as a model in efforts to overcome PHBS. The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of the application of Health Belief Model to PHBS. This research is a quasy experiment with the design of one group pre-post test design. The population in this study was 40 respondents. The method of sampling used was purposive sampling method. The treatment was carried out once per week for 3 weeks. The results showed a difference in the effect of Health Belief Model (HBM) on Clean and Healthy Life Behavior (PHBS). The results of the Wilcoxon test analysis for 3 interventions in 3 weeks showed: the knowledge of PHBS (p ^ 0.00), the attitude of PHBS (0.01) and PHBS Behavior (p ^ 0.00), which means there are differences in the effect of changes in knowledge, attitudes and behavior of PHBS after HBM intervention. Health workers, especially nurses, are expected to make HBM as an effort to promote health and change hygienic and healthy living behavior in families or communities.

Predictors of Noncompliance to Antihypertensive Therapy among Hypertensive Patients Ghana: Application of Health Belief Model.

This study determined noncompliance to antihypertensive therapy (AHT) and its associated factors in a Ghanaian population by using the health belief model (HBM). This descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Kintampo Municipality in Ghana recruited a total of 678 hypertensive patients. The questionnaire constituted information regarding sociodemographics, a five-Likert type HBM questionnaire, and lifestyle-related factors. The rate of noncompliance to AHT in this study was 58.6%. The mean age (SD) of the participants was 43.5 (±5.2) years and median duration of hypertension was 2 years. Overall, the five HBM constructs explained 31.7% of the variance in noncompliance to AHT with a prediction accuracy of 77.5%, after adjusting for age, gender, and duration of condition. Higher levels of perceived benefits of using medicine [aOR=0.55(0.36-0.82),p=0.0001] and cue to actions [aOR=0.59(0.38-0.90),p=0.0008] were significantly associated with reduced noncompliance while perceived susceptibility [aOR=3.05(2.20-6.25), p<0.0001], perceived barrier [aOR=2.14(1.56-2.92), p<0.0001], and perceived severity [aOR=4.20(2.93-6.00),p<0.0001] were significantly associated with increased noncompliance to AHT. Participant who had completed tertiary education [aOR=0.27(0.17-0.43), p<0.0001] and had regular source of income [aOR=0.52(0.38-0.71), p<0.0001] were less likely to be noncompliant. However, being a government employee [aOR=4.16(1.93-8.96), p=0.0002)] was significantly associated increased noncompliance to AHT. Noncompliance to AHT was considerably high and HBM is generally reliable in assessing treatment noncompliance in the Ghanaian hypertensive patients. The significant predictors of noncompliance to AHT were higher level of perceived barriers, susceptibility, and severity. Intervention programmes could be guided by the association of risk factors, HBM constructs with noncompliance to AHT in clinical practice.

Cognitive determinants of cervical cancer screening behavior among housewife women in Iran: An application of Health Belief Model

ABSTRACTOur aim in this cross-sectional study was to assess the cognitive determinants of Cervical Cancer Screening Behavior (CCSB) among housewife women in Islamabad County, Iran. Through multistage random sampling we recruited and interviewed 280 housewife women. The women who perceived more benefits of performing the Pap test (OR = 1.11), and perceived fewer barriers (OR = 0.915), and higher self-efficacy to perform the test (OR = 1.12) were more likely to have a CCSB in the previous three years. Our findings are informative for the development of targeted interventions to foster CCSB among housewife women.

Application of Health Belief Model among Youth at High Risk for Obesity in West Bank (Palestine)

Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading risk for global deaths. At least 2.8 million adults die each year as a result of being overweight or obese. The study aim to evaluate the effect of application of health belief model (HBM) among youth at high risk for obesity in Palestine (West Bank). Research design: A quasi- experimental design was used. Settings: The study was conducted at Faculty of Nursing /A-Najah National University which located in Nablus and IBN Sina College for Health Sciences, West Bank- Palestine. Subjects: A purposive sample of 117 students, from both previous setting at high risk for obesity was included. Tools, three tools were used to collect data. A self-administered questionnaire, it was composed of 4 parts; the health belief model (HBM) sub- constructs which used in this study and anthropometric measurement to detect body mass index & levels of risk for obesity. Results: Revealed that according to BMI and levels of risk for obesity shows, less than half of youth were obesity class1 (low risk) while more than one third was obesity class II (moderate risk). There was a highly significant difference between student’s knowledge and their practices regarding obesity, healthy food, and exercises pre & post application of HBM. Conclusion: Application of health belief model was effective in improved knowledge and practices of the student at high risk for obesity and changing health behavior. Recommendations: Conducting routine screening for obesity, dieting, and other weight reduction practices as an integral part of the ongoing health care provided by all health services. HBM also suggests that the benefits and barriers of changing health behavior must be taken into consideration, as those who perceive more benefits than barriers are more likely to take action.

Application of Health Belief Model on Preventive Behaviors of Patients with Low Back Pain

Background : Low back pain (LBP) has different negative impacts in some people around the world. There are many risk factors of LBP, either biology, psychology, or social economics. A psychological theory (Health Belief Model/HBM) can be applied for preventive behaviors of some human diseases. This study aimed to analyze the application of HBM on preventive behaviors of patients with LBP. Subjects and Method : This was a case-control study conducted at the medical rehabilitation policlinic, Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, from October to November 2018. A sample of 50 LBP patients and 100 non-LBP patients was selected by fixed exposure sampling. The dependent variable was preventive behaviors. The independent variables were perceived severity, susceptibility, benefit, barrier, threat, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Data on LBP was obtained from medical record. The other data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results : LBP preventive behaviors were directly and positively associated with perceived threat (b= 0.46; 95% CI= 0.24 to 0.68; p<0.001), perceived benefit (b= 0.29; 95% CI= 0.18 to 0.40; p<0.001), and self-efficacy (b= 0.16; 95% CI= 0.08 to 0.23; p<0.001). It was indirectly associated with perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barrier, and cues to action. Conclusion : LBP preventive behaviors are directly and positively associated with perceived threat, perceived benefit, and self-efficacy. It is indirectly associated with perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barrier, and cues to action. This study supports the application of HBM to explain LBP preventive behaviors. Keywords : low back pain, Health Belief Model, path analysis Correspondence: Septi Ayu Arum Yuspita Sari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email:yuspitasari020993@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282338986991. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2018), 3(3): 192-198 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2018.03.03.06

Application of Health Belief Model (HBM) to Promote Preventive Behaviors Against Iron-deficiency Anemia Among Female Students of High School Fereydan City: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Application of Health Belief Model (HBM) to Promote Preventive Behaviors Against Iron-deficiency Anemia Among Female Students of High School Fereydan City: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Effect of Multimedia Education on Nutritional Behaviour for Colorectal Cancer Prevention: An Application of Health Belief Model.

BackgroundColorectal cancer is a major public health problem. A way to decrease this cancer is through dietary behavioural changes. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of education on dietary behaviour based on the health belief model (HBM) using multimedia.MethodsIn this clinical trial study, 98 participants were randomly allocated to an HBM group (n = 48) and a control group (n = 50). The HBM group received an audiovisual compact disc (CD) that contained information about nutritional behaviour of colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention based on HBM that lasted 45 min. Both groups completed questionnaires regarding demographic factors, knowledge and HBM constructs, and a three-day dietary recall at the beginning of the study, 1 week after, and 3 months after the education. The outcome of this study was measured by the amount of food servings consumed and dietary micronutrient intake.ResultsAt the baseline, there were no significant differences between groups regarding demographic factors. Findings showed that self-efficacy (P < 0.001), severity (P < 0.001), and benefits (P < 0.001) were perceived to be higher, and knowledge (P < 0.001) was increased in the HBM group compared to control group 3 months after education. There was a significant increase in fruit and vegetable (P < 0.001) and dairy (P = 0.001) intake and a significant decrease in red meat servings (P = 0.016) in the HBM group compared to the control group. Also, intake of vitamin D (P < 0.001), folate (P < 0.001), calcium (P = 0.008), and dietary fibre (P < 0.001) was increased in the HBM group compared to the control group 3 months after education.ConclusionEducation plans based on HBM and implemented through multimedia can change nutritional beliefs and behaviours for the prevention of colorectal cancer.

Improving prenatal care in pregnant women in Iranshahr, Iran: Applying Health Belief Model

ABSTRACTTo determine the effect of an education-based intervention on receiving adequate prenatal care. This randomized, controlled trial was conducted on 90 primiparous pregnant women, referred in Iranshahr, Iran for prenatal care (intervention = 45, control group = 45). The data were collected from February to June 2016 using a questionnaire developed based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). The intervention group received three intervention sessions during the second trimester of pregnancy, and 3 months after intervention, both groups completed a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, chi-squared tests, paired t-test, Pearson and multivariate regression. Unlike the control group, in the intervention group’s mean scores for knowledge, variables from the HBM model and frequency of prenatal care significantly differed from pre- to post-intervention (pre-intervention mean = 12.62 ± 2.63, post-intervention mean = 17.71 ± 1.56, (p ˂ 0.05). Self-efficacy was positively correlated with knowledge (r = 0.304, p = 0.02) and adequate prenatal care (r = 0.583, p ˂ 0.001). The constructs of the HBM explained 75% of the variance in frequency of prenatal care in multivariable models. Developing an educational program based on the HBM was effective in the adoptation of prenatal care. Additionally, considering social, economic, and educational follow-up while implementing these programs is recommended.

Application of Health Belief Model in Prevention of Osteoporosis among Primary School Girl Students

Background: Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease. Prevention of osteoporosis during childhood and adolescence is an important issue in World Health Organization. The purpose of this study was to investigate application of health belief model in prevention of osteoporosis among primary school girl students, in Fasa city, Fars Province, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 140 primary school girl students who were randomly divided into groups, experimental (n=70) and control (n=70) in Fasa city, Fars Province, Iran, were selected in 2015. A questionnaire consisting of demographic information, Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs was used to measure nutrition and walking performance for prevention of osteoporosis before, immediately after intervention and four months later. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19.0 software. Results: The mean age of students was 11.45±1.13 and 11.25±1.60 years old in the Experimental and the control group, respectively. Immediately and Four months after the intervention, the mean scores of the HBM components (Perceived susceptibility, Perceived severity, Perceived benefits, Perceived barriers, Self-efficacy, Internal cues to action), and nutritional and walking performance in experimental group was better than the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of the present study confirmed the practicability and effectiveness of the Health Belief Model based educational program in promoting behaviors about prevention of osteoporosis. Hence, these models can act as a framework for designing and implementing educational interventions for the osteoporosis prevention.