Application Of Health Belief Model Research Articles

The Effectiveness of Educational Intervention in Promoting Preventive Behaviors of Dengue Fever in Southern Iran: Applying Health Belief Model (HBM)

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsDiseases transmittable by Aedes mosquito affect the health of millions of people every year, however, they can be effectively prevented. This study aimed to apply the Health Belief Model (HBM) in promoting preventive behaviors against dengue fever in southern Iran.MethodsIn this quasi‐experimental study, 320 people were randomly selected through multi‐stage cluster sampling in 2022 (161 in the intervention group and 159 in the control group). The data were collected using a researcher‐made questionnaire based on the HBM constructs before and 1 month after an educational intervention. Content validity index (CVI), content validity ratio (CVR), and Cronbach alpha coefficient were used for psychometric evaluation of the questionnaire. The educational intervention was made on a daily basis in a WhatsApp group in August and September 2022. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used for data analysis.ResultsAfter the educational intervention, the mean score increased in the constructs of behavior (38.42 ± 1.54), knowledge (10.77 ± 0.98), attitude (24.30 ± 1.59), perceived susceptibility (20.05 ± 1.42), perceived severity (21.31 ± 2.01), perceived benefits (28.00 ± 2.16), self‐efficacy (14.77 ± 0.51) of the intervention group. Moreover, after the intervention, the scores of perceived barriers (8.96 ± 1.31) decreased in the intervention group (p < 0.05). The analysis of covariance showed education had a statistically significant effect on HBM constructs.ConclusionsThe participants' knowledge about preventive behavior of dengue fever increased. They managed to remove the barriers to healthy behavior and began to show the desired preventive behavior with the self‐efficacy they gained; thus, the educational intervention based on the HBM can improve the behaviors to preventi of dengue fever, which is transmitted by the Aedes mosquito.

Application of Health Belief Model and Theory of Planned Behavior-Based Care in Patients undergoing Surgery for Limb Fractures.

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nursing model on the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in patients undergoing surgery for limb fractures. A total of 100 patients who underwent limb fracture surgery at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from February 2023 to February 2024 were selected for this study. The research group (n = 58) received nursing care based on the HBM and TPB, while the control group (n = 42) received conventional nursing care. Comparative analyses were conducted on curative effectiveness, the degree of limb swelling, pain intensity (measured by the Visual Analogue Scale [VAS]), symptom recovery time (including pain duration, swelling duration, ambulation time, and length of stay), and self-care management (assessed through behavior management, psychological activities, and status management). The results indicated no significant differences in curative effectiveness between the two groups (p > 0.05). The research group had fewer grade I and II limb swelling cases than the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the research group reported lower VAS scores on postoperative days 3 and 7, earlier ambulation, shorter pain and swelling durations, and reduced length of hospital stay compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, self-care management scores, including behavior management, psychological activities, and status management, were significantly higher in the research group after treatment compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The nursing model based on HBM and TPB provides benefits for patients undergoing limb fracture surgery by reducing swelling, relieving pain, promoting symptom disappearance, speeding up rehabilitation, and enhancing self-care management.

Application of health belief model to assess periodic examination of thyroid functions in children among Saudi mothers

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common concern in the development of physical and cognitive development in children. The health belief model is one of the models that examines the factors behind people’s behaviors. Aim was to assess the periodic examination of children among Saudi mothers and its association with different constructs of the health belief model. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 385 participants of Saudi mothers for three months from January to April 2024 by using a designed structured questionnaire. Results: 88.05% of mothers showed poor behavior regarding periodic examinations of thyroid functions for their children. The significant factors that determined this behavior were the older mother’s age, working status (mother working), positive family history of hypothyroidism, good perceived benefits, and good cues to action. These factors were statistically significant at p value &lt;0.05. Conclusions: Most of the mothers who participated in this study showed poor behavior regarding the regular examination of thyroid function tests of their children. Factors such as the older mother’s age, working status (working mother), positive family history of thyroid issues, good perceived benefits of the exams, and good cues to action were found to be significantly associated with mothers’ behavior towards this regular examination of thyroid function.

HIV preventive practice and its associated factors among street dwellers in Ethiopia: Application of health belief model.

Street dwelling is the use of public space as a place of residence and nourishment for children, adolescents, and young people, revealing a complex and multifactorial situation. Moreover, homelessness facilitates HIV transmission and its progression due to the risky lifestyle of individuals. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study conducted in the study area on HIV preventive practices among street dwellers. The aim of this study was to assess HIV prevention practices and associated factors among street dwellers. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bahir Dar City from March 12, 2023 to April 30, 2023. By using the simple random sampling technique, 424 street dwellers were recruited. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were used for analysis. The magnitude of HIV preventive practice among street dwellers was 35.9%. Being male (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.55), educational status (AOR = 7.53, 95% CI: 2.20, 25.6), practice of sex to earn money (AOR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.44), good knowledge about HIV preventive practice (AOR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.46, 5.49), perceived susceptibility for HIV (AOR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81, 0.99), and perceived benefit of using HIV preventive practice (AOR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.17), were factors associated with HIV preventive practice. The magnitude of HIV preventive practice was low. Being male, the ability to read and write, the practice of sex to earn money, good knowledge about HIV preventive practice, perceived susceptibility to HIV, and the perceived benefit of using HIV preventive practice were significantly associated with HIV preventive practice. Therefore, responsible organizations, both governmental and non-governmental, should design inclusive strategies to improve HIV preventive practice among street dwellers by focusing on regular demand creation activities, awareness creation about HIV preventive practice, and sustainable condom distribution in the city.

Predictive and Preventive Factors Related to of Head Lice Infestations among Teenage Girls Student: Application of Health Belief Model

Predictive and Preventive Factors Related to of Head Lice Infestations among Teenage Girls Student: Application of Health Belief Model

Understanding Access and Utilization of Healthcare Services Among African Immigrant Women in the United States: the Application of Health Belief Model

Understanding Access and Utilization of Healthcare Services Among African Immigrant Women in the United States: the Application of Health Belief Model

Application of Health Belief Model on Obesity Prevention Behavior in Adolescents

Background: Adolescent obesity is a global challenge with serious health impacts. This study aimed to explore the application of the Health Belief Model (HBM) in the context of preventing obesity in adolescents. Subjects and Method: This research uses an observational analytical design with a cross sectional approach. The population consists of teenagers aged 15-19 years in the city of Surakarta, with a sample of 200 teenagers chosen randomly. The dependent variable is obesity prevention behavior. The independent variable is the HBM construct (perceived vulnerability, perceived seriousness, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy). Data was collected using a questionnaire, and analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results: There is a positive and statistically significant relationship between perceived vulnerability (b= 0.08; 95% CI= 0.03 to 0.13; p = 0.004), perceived seriousness (b= 0.37; 95% CI= 0.29 to 0.46; p&lt;0.001), perceived benefits (b= 0.22; 95% CI= 0.14 to 0.29; p&lt;0.001), cues to action (b= 0.15; 95% CI= 0.05 to 0.25; p= 0.005) and self-efficacy (b= 0.05; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.10; p= 0.027) on obesity prevention behavior. Adjusted R-squared= 72.15%. This means that the HBM construct includes perceptions of vulnerability, perceptions of severity, perceptions of benefits, cues to action, and self-efficacy, together they are able to explain variations in obesity preventive behavior in adolescents by 72.15%. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the Health Belief Model construct includes perceptions of vulnerability, perceptions of seriousness, perceptions of benefits, cues to action, and self-efficacy, which play a role together in shaping obesity prevention behavior in adolescents. Keywords: health belief model, obesity, preventive behavior, adolescents. Correspondence: Viola Holly Flora. Master’s Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: violahollyflora@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282225559030.

Psychological factors of COVID-19 vaccination uptake among citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina: The application of health belief model

The present study investigated which factors are associated with COVID-19 vaccination uptake under the framework of Health Belief Model among the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina. A total of 820 people participated in the study. The findings suggest that while perceived barriers are negatively related, perceived benefits and cues to action are positively related to vaccination uptake. Additionally, older individuals, parents and the ones living in urban areas are more likely to take the vaccine. These results can be used by government organizations, medical institutions, campaign managers, physicians, and health activists when seeking to spread the word about vaccines.

Effect of Applying Health Belief Model on Osteoarthritis Preventive Behaviors in Middle-Aged Women

Effect of Applying Health Belief Model on Osteoarthritis Preventive Behaviors in Middle-Aged Women

Application of Health Belief Model about Breast Cancer among Women Attended to Outpatients Beni-Suef Specialized Hospital

Application of Health Belief Model about Breast Cancer among Women Attended to Outpatients Beni-Suef Specialized Hospital

Application of Health Belief Model to Comprehend Adherence to COVID-19-appropriate Behavior among COVID-19 Vaccinees in Himachal Pradesh.

The augmentation of precautionary behaviors through the application of health belief model (HBM) constructs could help in curbing the current pandemic. The objectives are to assess adherence to CAB and to evaluate its predictors using the constructs of HBM among COVID-19 vaccinees in Himachal Pradesh. A cross-sectional study using a telephone survey, with two-step stratified random sampling, was employed to acquire a sample of 441 respondents from Himachal Pradesh. Formal interviews were conducted using pretested, structured, self-administered questionnaires. The mean age of respondents was 32.16 years (standard deviation = 12.77; range = 18-78 years). Maximum adherence was seen for wearing masks at 83% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 79.3%-86.3%), followed by maintenance of respiratory hygiene at 72.3% (95% CI 68%-78.4%). Nearly 42.2% (95% CI 37.6%-47.8%) conformed to social distancing norms. We observed minimum adherence for handwashing practices of 12.9% (95% CI 10%-16.3.0%). On bivariate analyses, except for perceived severity, all HBM constructs were significantly associated with CAB. However, after adjusting for gender, age, education, area of residence, and reduced income in multivariate analysis, perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, and exposure to cues to action remained significant predictors of CAB. The study highlights the empirical evidence of the application of HBM constructs to enhance behavioral adherence to COVID-19 precautionary measures.

Application of Health Belief Model to Assess Predictors of Weight Management Behaviour Intention Among Civil Servants in Ethiopia: A Mixed Method Study.

This study aims to use the health belief model to identify predictors of weight management behaviour among civil servants in Ethiopia. Predictors include perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. The study will provide insight into potential factors that civil servants perceive as significant in weight management. A sequential explanatory study was conducted from November 15, 2022, to January 20, 2020 among civil servants working in Dessie town, with 423 participants selected through simple random and purposive sampling techniques for the quantitative and qualitative studies, respectively. Self-administered questionnaires were used for the quantitative study, while in-depth interviews were conducted for the qualitative study. Data was verified, entered into Epi Data, and analysed using Stata for multivariable linear regression. ATLAS.ti software version 7 facilitated the qualitative data analysis process. Findings with a p-value <0.05 at a 95% confidence interval were considered statistically significant in the final model. This study found that several factors were significantly associated with higher behavioural intention for weight management. Females had higher intention than males, and individuals with higher educational levels demonstrated higher intention. Marital status was also a factor, with being divorced associated with lower intention. The absence of an obese family member and lack of prior weight loss experience were also linked to lower intention. Perceived susceptibility and perceived benefits positively influenced intention, while higher perceived barriers were linked to lower intention. The study found that a stronger inclination towards weight management was linked to being female, having higher education, no obese family member, prior weight loss experience and positive attitudes. Interventions should target those less likely to exhibit these characteristics and address negative attitudes towards weight management.

Predicting the Adoption of COVID-19 Public Health Preventive Measures in Ethiopia: Application of Health Belief Model

In the face of coronavirus disease pandemic, adherence to public health measures largely influences their effectiveness in containing the spread. Four specific objectives guided this study: (i) Assess whether individuals are adhering to the COVID-19 preventive measures promoted by Ethiopian government; (ii) Examine the heterogeneity in adoption of preventive measures in Ethiopia; (iii) Identify the factors affecting adherence to preventive measures-based health belief model; and (iv) Examine the moderating effects of socio-economic factors on the relationship between adherence to preventive measures and HBM factors. The study relied on a nationally representative cross-sectional survey commissioned by the World Health Organization in 2021 for Ethiopia. Data was collected from 895 individuals aged 18 years of age or older. Analysis applied several methods including the Multiple Correspondence Analysis, Univariate analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, cluster analysis and multiple regression analysis. Using face masks and washing hands were the most frequently practiced preventive measures. The regression analysis indicated that perceived severity, perceived barriers, and cues to action showed a significant association with adherence at p &gt;0.05. Furthermore, socio-economic factors have a moderating role on adherence to preventive measures and HBM factors. Effective promotion and adoption of preventive measures require addressing individuals' perceptions of severity and benefits while minimizing barriers and providing clear cues to action. Additionally, specific preventive measures that require ongoing effort and habit development may face challenges in adoption. Tailoring interventions can help overcome these challenges and encourage the widespread adoption of preventive measures to curtail the spread. Keywords: Coronavirus disease - 2019, Prevention, Health belief model.

Effect of Health Education on COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors in Oil Industry Workers: An Application of Health Belief Model

Background: Recently, the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new emerging universal challenge in infectious epidemic disease management. Even today, with access to vaccines, the most effective intervention is behavioral intervention, and as new types emerge, it continues to be significant. The goal of the present study was to promote preventive behaviors during the coronavirus pandemic among oil factory workers using the health belief model (HBM). Methods: A total of 138 onshore shift workers (69 control and 69 case group) were randomly chosen from the two sites of oil fields in southern Iran. Data collection tools were demographic characteristics questionnaire, COVID-19 knowledge questionnaire, HBM questionnaire, and prevention behaviors questionnaire. The Whatsapp application was used to educate the intervention group. Workers completed questionnaires at baseline, after the intervention, and three months after the educational program. Data analyses were done using SPSS software, version 24. Results: Except for knowledge and cues to action, there were significant interactions between time and group for HBM constructs and behavior (P≤0.05). Furthermore, there were significant changes in all variables between follow-up and baseline in the intervention group (P≤0.05). The linear regression indicated that the perceived benefit (ß=0.48, P=0.001) and self-efficacy (ß=0.40, P=0.001) were the most effective factors in preventive behavior, respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that efficient education based on the HBM and emphasizing enhancing knowledge and preventive behavior adoption can prevent individuals from developing COVID-19 and its complications. Considering that the perceived benefits and self-efficacy were the strongest predictor of behavior, attention to these constructs in educational interventions, especially among oil factory shift workers studied, who are at risk of COVID-19 and without enough knowledge, can provide better outcomes related to COVID-19 preventive behaviors.

Civil servants’ physical activity status and its associated factors in Northeast Ethiopia: applying Health Belief Model

BackgroundIdentifying the associated factors of the physical activity of civil servants is necessary to increase the practice of physical activity. However, limited studies addressed associated factors of civil servants’ physical...

Application Of Health Belief Model About Cervical Cancer Screening Among Female Officer Employees In Kafr-El Sheikh University, Egypt.

To assessthe impact of a health educational programme on knowledge and health beliefs of female office workers regarding cervical cancer screening. The quasi-experimental study was conducted at Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt, from March to September 2021, and comprised all female employees at the university regardless of department or professional status. After baseline assessment using a self-designed questionnaire, an educational session was conducted through small focussed groups having 1-5 participants in their own office environments. Post-intervention change in knowledge and beliefs was assessed using the same questionnaire 1 month after the intervention. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Of the total 492 female employees, 360(73.2%) completed the study. Of them, 256(71.1%) were aged 30-40 years, 283(78.6%) were ever-married, 206(57.2%) were from urban communities, 322(89.4%) had university educational, 280(77.8%) had sufficient income, and 214(59.4%) had high socioeconomic status. The mean totalscores for knowledge and health beliefs increased significantly post-intervention (p<0.0001). The use of health belief model to change knowledge of and perceptions towards cervical cancer and its screening was found to be effective.

Application of Health Belief Model: demographic factors affecting body mass index (BMI) and perceptions of weight management among Malaysians

Abstract Objectives The previous studies underlined the need for specified educational intervention programs to prevent overweight and obesity problems among Malaysians. Therefore, in this context, this study aimed to explore the demographic factors that are associated with BMI and perceptions of body weight management among Malaysians by utilizing the Health Belief Model (HBM). The findings of the study will help in developing effective interventions and provide more specific recommendations on weight management in health education programs to ensure the well-being of the people. Methods A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted to study the demographical factors and perception of body weight management by the self-administered Health Belief Model Questionnaire (HBMQ). The data were collected using the HBMQ via Google Form link which was promoted on social media platforms to reach out to the public from all over the 13 states in Malaysia. Key findings Out of 440 respondents, 44 (10.0%) were obese, 92 (20.90%) were overweight, 60 (13.60%) were underweight and 244 (55.50%) had normal weight. Significant associations were observed between body mass index (BMI) and demographic characteristics such as age range, gender, education level, marital status, employment status, intention to reduce weight, and health issues (P &amp;lt; 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed between HBM subscales and different demographic characteristics. The regression model explained ~8.3% of the variance in BMI (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and revealed that perceived severity and behavioural intention were the significant variables to predict a person’s BMI. Conclusion The findings in this study conclude that Malaysians with different demographic characteristics have different perceptions on obesity and weight reduction behaviours.

Understanding Physical Distancing and Face Mask Use Across High-Risk African American Subgroups During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Application of Health Belief Model.

Physical distancing and face masks remain frontline prevention strategies due to suboptimal vaccine uptake and the highly infectious COVID-19 variants. Communities of color are disproportionately impacted by a chronic disease burden that places them at higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease. Therefore, they can greatly benefit from face mask use and physical distancing, especially if the individual(s) have not received the vaccine. We applied the Health Belief Model to explore barriers and motivators influencing physical distancing and face mask use among high-risk, Black American subgroups during the early COVID-19 pandemic stages. We conducted 62 semi-structured interviews among four Black American subgroups: young adults, individuals with underlying medical conditions, essential workers, and parents. Thematic analysis, guided by the Health Belief Model, yielded six themes: (1) Knowledge on Face Mask Use and Physical Distancing, (2) Perceived Susceptibility and Severity Varies by Subgroup, (3) Experience with and Perceived Self-Efficacy to Engage in Preventive Behavior, (4) Perceived Benefits to engaging in preventive behaviors, (5) Perceived Barriers to engage in preventive behaviors, and (6) Cues to action to increase participation. Each subgroup's unique experience informed multilevel, tailored approaches that can be used by health promotion practitioners to improve face mask use and physical distancing among uniquely vulnerable Black American subgroups in the current and future pandemic.

Application of Health Belief Model in Understanding Wash Behaviour Practices among Mothers of U-5 Children in Lagos Urban Slums

The poor practice of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) supports the spread of disease burdens causing high U-5 children mortality rates in developing countries like Nigeria. Knowledge, perception, attitude and other influencing factors become important in determining WASH practices. This study, guided by the Health Belief Model, assessed the knowledge, perception, and attitude of mothers of U-5 children in Lagos urban slums to WASH behaviour messages in order to understand their WASH practices. The cross-sectional study involved 361 mothers of U-5 children in selected Lagos urban slums. Applying cluster sampling and purposive sampling techniques, the study used a pre-tested structured questionnaire through interviews to collect data on knowledge, perception, attitude, and practice of WASH. IBM SPSS Version (26) was used to analyse the data collected, and the presentation was in percentages, tables and charts. The main objective was analysed using path analysis of the structural equation model (SEM) and logistic regression model. Only 15.2% used improved water sources, 44.3% stored drinking water safely, and 10.3% did not treat home drinking water. Open defecation was high (61.8%); Only 22.4% washed their hands with water and soap at critical times; 36.6% disposed of waste into the river and canal; open dumpsites (33.8%), and 29.6% used waste to fill marshy areas in the environment. The majority (90%) favourably perceived the susceptibility of children to the dangers of unsafe drinking water. The mothers positively perceived the benefits of good WASH practice for children’s health, but (31.1%) had low knowledge of the severity of the risk resulting from poor WASH. The mothers’ positive perceptions did not necessarily reflect in their WASH practices. Age, level of education, marital status, and occupation significantly influenced the respondents’ WASH practice. Economic reasons and limited WASH facilities were barriers, while contributions of community leaders were supportive. Study recommendations include; the provision of WASH facilities and more WASH behaviour education for mothers through participatory communication approaches. The WASH behaviour sensitisation model should be reviewed to have a distinct identity from routine immunization programmes; to enable mothers to understand WASH messages better.

The effect of educational intervention in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in patients with hypertension with application of health belief model: A quasi-experimental study.

The best methods for preventing and controlling cardiovascular diseases are preventive behaviours. The purpose of the current study is to ascertain how educational intervention affects cardiovascular disease prevention. The current investigation is a quasi-experimental study conducted in Shiraz, Iran, in the year 2022, focusing on 200 hypertension patients (by sample random sampling) that were divided into two groups: a control group consisting of 100 participants (63 males and 37 females) and an intervention group also consisting of 100 participants (58 males and 42 females). The data collection instrument comprises inquiries pertaining to demographic factors as well as constructs of the health belief model (HBM) and preventive behaviours for cardiovascular diseases. The participants in both groups completed the questionnaire prior to and three months after the intervention. The intervention group underwent a total of six training sessions, each lasting 55 min. The results showed that after the intervention, the intervention group showed a significant increase in all cues of the HBM model except for the perceived barriers. Following a period of three months subsequent to the educational intervention, the experimental group also exhibited a notable reduction in blood pressure in comparison to the control group. The findings of the study indicate that the utilisation of the HBM demonstrated positive outcomes in facilitating the promotion of cardiovascular disease prevention among patients diagnosed with hypertension. The promotion of health among individuals with high blood pressure can be both beneficial and feasible. Moreover, this particular model can be utilised as a comprehensive framework for the development, execution, and evaluation of advantageous and effective healthcare initiatives.