Application Of Dolomite Research Articles

Tuber yield and allocation of nutrients and carbohydrates in potato plants as affected by limestone type and magnesium supply

Magnesium (Mg) is a nutrient that affects the development of plants and is mainly supplied through liming performed to correct soil acidity. By acting on photosynthesis and influencing carbohydrate partitioning in the plant, supplementary Mg supplied through soil or foliar application can increase the yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplemental Mg fertilization by soil or foliar application on plant nutritional status, tuber yield, and carbohydrate partitioning in potato crops in soil corrected with calcitic and dolomitic limestones. The experiment was carried out in pots under greenhouse conditions with a randomized block design in a 2 × 3 factorial scheme with four replications. Dolomitic limestone application and supplemental Mg fertilization via soil increased the concentrations of this nutrient in potato leaves. Liming with dolomitic limestone reduced the uptake of Ca and K by plants, but supplemental Mg fertilization did not alter the uptake of Ca, Mg or K. Supplemental Mg fertilization did not increase plant growth and tuber yield, even when calcitic limestone was used to elevate the base saturation to 60%; the exchangeable Mg concentration in soil was 9 mmolc dm−3, and the Ca:Mg relationship was 3.7. Liming with dolomitic limestone or providing supplemental Mg fertilization did not increase sugar and starch partitioning to the tubers.

Land Rehabilitation on Post-fire Area with Different Types of Soil in Gunung Mas Regency, Central Kalimantan

Forest and land fires can cause damage to forest ecosystems. Repeated fires cause the natural succession to be disrupted. Therefore, based on these problems, to improve the productivity of land after fires in Central Kalimantan, rehabilitation efforts needs to be done. This study aims to analyze the growth response of forestry plants in post-fire area with different soil types. This study consisted of six combinations of treatments namely controls (B0C1 and B0C2), treatment of dolomite, biochar, and compost (B1C1 and B1C2), and treatment of dolomite and NPK (B2C1 and B2C2) that planted randomized and rows Trees species were used in this research were Paraserianthes falcataria, Anthocephalus cadamba, Acacia mangium, and Campnosperma auriculata. Soil samples were also collected for analysis of soil physical and chemical properties on laboratory. This study showed that fertilization treatment significantly affected the increase of height and diameter of four trees species, while planting techniques (randomized and rows) did not significantly affected the increase of height and diameter of four trees species. Dolomite, biochar, and compost application significantly affected the increase of height and diameter of four trees species that planted randomized and rows (B1C1 and B1C2) in Podsol soil. Besides that, NPK and dolomite application significantly affected the increase of height and diameter of four trees species planted by randomized and rows (B2C1 and B2C2) in Acrisol soil. The fastest growth rate was A. mangium followed by P. falcataria, A. cadamba, and C. auriculata on Podsol and Acrisol soil. Based on the observations, P. falcataria, A. cadamba, A. mangium, and C. auriculata are recommended to be planted on both types of soil. Keywords: forestry plants, growth respon, Gunung Mas Regency, land rehabilitation, soil types

Dynamics of pH, Ferrum and Mangan, and Phosphorus on Newly Opened Paddy Soil having High Soil Organic Matter on Rice Growth

Research had been carried out at the Research and Soil Testing Laboratory and Greenhouse of Soil Research Institute, Bogor using newly opened paddy soil from Pesisir Selatan districts, West Sumatra (one year old). Total treatments tested were 12 which were combination of farmer rate, NPK recommendation (½×; ¾×; 1½×), straw compost (½×; ¾×; 1½×), and dolomite. The trial was conducted using a completely randomized design with three replications. This research had been prepared in two units, one unit for observing plant response to nutrient management and another unit for incubation trial with the same treatment placed in the greenhouse. Rice cultivar used was IR-42 in accordance to the preferred varieties of local farmers. The sampling method for measuring the solubility of Fe2+ and Mn2+, as well as the availability of PO43- was by centrifuge 50 g mud samples from the incubation pots then separated clear extract using filter paper. The observation results on dynamics of pH, Fe2+, Mn2+ and PO4-3 mainly occured in 1 to 14 days after submerging (incubation). After 14 days soil reaction had reached thermodynamic sequence of oxidation-reduction processes, the PO43- more available and pH of the soil reached the peak. The optimum dose of NPK fertilizer obtained 0.875 NPK or equal to 175 kg of urea, 87.5 kg of SP-36 and 87.5 kg KCl ha-1. The highest number of hills achieved from straw compost treatment 1½ organic matter (OM) or 3 tons with an increase of 20%. Application of ameliorant dolomite increased the number of tillers about 2-3%, but insignificantly different with no dolomite treatment.

Modification of Growing Medium for Container Melon (Cucumismelo L.) Production Using Goat Manure and Dolomite

The growth of melon plant requires soil rich in organic matter, well drainage, and soil pH 6.0 - 7.0. The adverse conditions are found on mostly red-yellow podsolic of Ultisol. The objective of this research was to evaluate the application of goat manure and dolomite on growth and yield of melon. The research was held from June until September 2015 in Kandang Limun, Bengkulu City. Completely Randomized Design was arranged involving goat manure doses consisted of 0 kg polybag-1, 3 kg polybag-1, and 6 kg polybag-1. Another factor was that the dose of dolomite consisted of 0 g polybag-1 (0 tons ha-1), 100 g polybag-1 (2 tons ha-1) and 200 g polybag-1 (4 tons ha-1). Treatments were replicated three times; each experimental unit consisted of 4 polybags of plants. The result of this research revealed no interaction between goat manure and dolomite in affecting the vegetative growth of plants. The interaction between goat manure and dolomite was found affecting fruit weight, fruit diameter and the thickness of the edible fruit part. The highest values for fruit weight, fruit diameter, and edible fruit thickness were achieved on 3 kg polybag-1 goat manure and 200 g polybag-1 dolomite treatment, which were 725.25 g, 17.14 cm, and 2.99 cm respectively. Goat manure dose of 6 kg polybag-1 increased stem diameter (5.5 mm) and fruit sweetness (8.09 0Brix) compared to treatment without manure which was 5.43 mm and 7.31 0Brix.

Soil liming effects on CH4, N2O emission and Cd, Pb accumulation in upland and paddy rice

Keeping in view the expanding environmental pollution and irrigation water deficit, a pot experiment was performed for the upland (Huyou2, Hanyou737) and paddy rice cultivars (Taigeng8; Yixiang2292), to study soil liming effects on methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission, bioavailability and accumulation of Cd, Pb in upland and paddy rice. Upland rice reduced 90% of soil CH4 emission as compared to paddy conditions. Soil CH4 emission decreased by 45% and 39% with dolomite, and it reduced by 35% and 33% with lime treatment both in upland and paddy conditions, respectively. Soil N2O emission decreased by 44% and 52% with dolomite, and with the lime application, it was reduced by 37% and 44% for both upland and paddy conditions respectively. Reduction in soil DTPA-extractable Cd was between 37-53% and 43–80% with dolomite and 16–37% and 24–72% Cd decreased with lime application in upland and paddy conditions respectively. Soil DTPA-extractable Pb reduced by 27–44% and 25–53% with dolomite and 16–40% and 11–42% with soil-applied lime in upland and paddy conditions, respectively. Cd accumulation in rice grain was decreased by 47–88% and 62–79% with dolomite and 31–86% and 45–52% reduction by lime application in upland and paddy rice respectively. Rice grain Pb reduced by 58–91% and 66–78% with dolomite application and 32–71% and 44–71% with lime in upland and paddy rice, respectively. Our results showed that soil liming significantly reduced soil N2O and CH4 emission and Cd, Pb accumulation in rice grain, but dolomite was more effective as compared to lime. Altogether, results of this study suggest that upland rice can be cultivated in CdPb polluted soils with least soil CH4 emission. Cd and Pb toxicity, accumulation, and N2O emission in upland rice can be minimized by soil liming of 3 g kg−1 and optimizing the nutrients composition of the soil.

PENGARUH DOSIS BERBAGAI SUMBER PUPUK KALSIUM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN AWAL TANAMAN NANAS DI PT. GREAT GIANT PINEAPPLE LAMPUNG

Characteristic of Ultisol in PT. Great Giant Pineapple is very acidic soil and low of macro and micro nutrient content. This condition can be solved by liming so pineapple plant can growth optimally. There are many material of lime with different shape and size. The purpose of this study was to analyze calcium source with the right doses that can increase pH, provide nutrient available and decrease any toxic elements. This study used a completely randomized design with 18 treatments. The treatment included D0, C0, T0 (control), dolomite with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 t ha -1 doses (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5), Granular Calcite with doses of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 kg ha -1 (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5) and Suspension of Calcite with doses of 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 L ha -1 (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5). The results showed that application of calcium sources had significant effect on soil pH, Al saturation, Fe available, exchangeable-Ca, exchangeable-Mg, CEC, Base Saturation, available-P, total-N, and exchangeable-K in several time of observations. Application of 5 t dolomite ha -1 increased soil pH, and decreased Al saturation and available-Fe, and it also increased Ca and Mg contents. However, application of dolomite had no significant effects on N, available-P and exchangeable-K at several time of observations. The initial growth parameter was not significantly affected by application of dolomite.

Soils from an iron and steel scrap storage yard remediated with aided phytostabilization

AbstractAreas degraded by industrial activity demonstrate unfavorable chemical and physical conditions, including a high concentration of trace elements (TEs), which reduce the growth and development of appropriate plant cover. For the above reasons, in recent years, the demand for the development of natural and effective technologies for removing particularly hazardous compounds such as TEs from the environment has been growing. Because aided phytostabilization is a relatively new technology, examination of new additions immobilizing TEs in combination with an appropriately selected species plan poses a challenge in environmental protection and engineering. The novelty of this study is in the assessment of the usefulness of previously not applied soil amendments in processes of TEs immobilization in contaminated soils. This study presents the results of a vegetation experiment using a mix of grasses and rarely used mineral soil amendments (halloysite, diatomite, dolomite) for aided phytostabilization of soil originating from an area affected by industrial activity and characterized by high TEs concentrations. Additionally, the degree of phytotoxicity of the examined soils was determined. The greatest above‐ground biomass was observed when diatomite, dolomite, and halloysite were added to the soil. The concentrations of the analyzed TEs in test plants were higher in roots than in the above‐ground parts. This indicates that mineral amendments affected soil properties promoting TEs precipitation and decreasing TEs bioavailability. The highest increase in soil pH was observed after the application of dolomite to the soil. The average contents of Pb, Ni, Cu, and Cr in soil demonstrated the highest reduction after diatomite and halloysite application. The conducted research confirms the possibility of applying the examined soil additives to support phytostabilization of alkaline soil highly contaminated with TEs.

Selecting species of vegetation and its land suitability evaluation for reclamation of post clay quarry in Kotabaru Regency, Indonesia

Environmental degradation, which is caused by the quarry, is a complex problem. The site of the quarry within an agricultural land and forest makes land become critical. Rehabilitation of the area can be conducted by reclamation. Revegetation using local species is no better than pioneer species. Based -on Indonesian regulation-in Permenhut P.4/Menhut-II/2011, revegetation using fast-growing species is important for a precondition before enrichment using climax species, so then it needs an evaluation of land suitability for the fast-growing species. The study of revegetation was conducted at quarry clay which the characteristics of this study were description and exploration with field survey supported by laboratory analysis. Data obtained were analyzed by giving weights and scores of species characteristics to decide selected species of vegetation, then the soil characteristics and qualities were matched with species growth requirements. The results showed that jabon ( Anthocephallus cadamba ) and sengon ( Falcataria moluccana ) are selected species for revegetation. Land suitability classes of jabon and sengon are not suitable (N) and land suitability of jabon and sengon can be increased to be marginally suitable (S3) by reclamation using potting system that includes building drainage, improvement of depth, soil pH, application of fertilizer, dolomite, and gypsum, application of grass mulch and collecting large rocks for making the terrace.

Mineral exchange between dentin pre-tretament with Dolomite powder on demineralized dentin in deciduous molars

The objective of this study was to evaluate differences in microhardness and mineral profiles in sound and demineralized dentin of primary molars after treatment with powdered dolomite (DMT) followed by glass ionomer cement (GIC) restoration. 32 decidous molars were selected and randomly assigned to four groups according to dentin pre-treatment and dentin condition. Class I cavities were prepared in 32 decidous molars, equally divided into groups G1 (sound dentin) and G2 (demineralized dentin). This in vitro study examined the mechanical and chemical exchange under two conditions: sound and demineralized dentin (pH cycling) to simulate the mineral loss occurs for the caries lesion.The 16-tooth (G1DMT, G2DMT) received first topical application of DMT and restoration of high viscosity GIC. The 16 teeth assigned to the groups (G1 and G2) were restored only with GIC. The specimens were sliced and prepared for Knoop hardness test (KHN), Micro Raman and FEG microhardness analysis. The statiscal analysis used ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test at a significance level of 5%. Micro Raman and FEG data were qualitatively described. DMT associated with GIC resulted incresead microhardness values of the demineralized dentin substrate, with positive repercussions of the chemical-mechanical properties of the dentin demineralized.Keywords Dental caries; Dentin; Glass ionomer cement.

The Effects of Rice Husk Ash and Dolomite on Soybean Yield at Latosol Soil

The aim of this research is to evaluate the effects ofrice husk ash and dolomite application on soybean yield at latosol soil. This research was conducted at a plastic house from September to December 2016. This research employed Factorial Randomized Complete Design with two factors and three replications. The first factor is the dosage of rice husk ash, consisted of four levels (0 (control), 3.75 ton ha<sup>-1</sup>, 7.5 ton ha<sup>-1</sup> and 15 ton ha<sup>-1</sup>), and the second factor is the dosage of dolomite consisted of three levels (0 (control), 250 and 500 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>, respectively). The results found that the application of 15 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> rice husk significantly affected the number of full pods and total pods, but did not affect the number of the empty pods. The application of 3.75 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> husk ash increased the seed weight and weight of 20 dry seeds. It was also found that the higher the rice husk ash dose applied, the more root nodules produced.

Soil Biochemical Properties and Nutrient Leaching from Smallholder Oil Palm Plantations, Sumatra-Indonesia

The study aimed to assess soil biochemical properties and nutrient leaching in palm oil plantation. The research was conducted in smallholder oil palm plantations which were located in Jambi Province - Indonesia. Nutrient leaching was determined by measuring nutrient concentration in soil solution bi-weekly and monthly in the frond stacked and fertilized areas; soil water samples were collected by using suction cup lysimeter. The result showed that the application of mineral fertilizer (e.g. NPK) and dolomite resulted higher base saturation, exchangeable Ca, and available P in the fertilized than frond stacked and inter row areas (p ≤ 0.05). Stacking palm oil frond increased the soil macro-porosity, hence decreased leaching of K, Mg, Na, P, and total Al in the frond stacked than in the fertilized areas. The lower leaching losses and the higher soil macroporosity in the frond stacked than in the fertilized areas indicated that either the water did not dilute nutrient in the soil due to bypass flow, or the nutrient release from mineralization did not surpass nutrient demand which is quickly uptaken by palm root. Proper soil management through synchronizing rate of fertilizer application with nutrient output or frequency of fertilizer application may potentially minimize leaching losses.

Efek Dolomit Dan Sp-36 Terhadap Bintil Akar, Serapan N Dan Hasil Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) Pada Tanah Kambisol

Maluku in general and Ambon municipality in particular is a region with the lowest peanut production as compared to its national production. Cambisol is one of soil type that has good soil physical properties, but it is low in N and P contents and has an acidic reaction that inhibit the growth of peanut plants. The research was conducted in a plastic house in Halong Village, Teluk Ambon Baguala Subdistrict, from April to Juli 2012. This research used a Completely Randomized Design with two factors, i.e. factor 1 with three levels of dolomite fertilization, consisting of D0 (without dolomite), D1 (0.3g dolomite per pot), D2 (0.6 g dolomite per pot), and factor 2 with three levels of phosphate fertilization consisting of P0 (without phosphate fertilizer), P1 (0.7 g SP-36 per pot) and P2 (1.4 SP-36 per pot). The results showed that the application of SP-36 increased the number of root nodules and yield of peanut. Response was even better if accompanied by the application of dolomite. Leaf N uptake could be enhanced by application SP-36, but it was independ from the application of dolomite. The highest peanut yield of 41.83 g per pot was achieved with the fertilizer combination of D1P2 (0.3 g dolomite per pot and 1.4 g SP36 per pot)

The interactive effects of dolomite application and straw incorporation on soil N2O emissions

Soil N2O emissions are generally larger from soil with straw incorporated, and adjusting soil pH can substantially affect the mineralization of incorporated straw. However, the interactive effects of straw return and adjustment of soil pH on N2O emissions have not been well studied. Therefore, we investigated the role of adjusting soil pH using dolomite with incorporated crop straw in changing soil properties and N2O emissions. We performed a 105‐day incubation study in which dolomite was added to a rice (Oryza sativa L.) (C/N: 36) and green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) straw (C/N: 17) amended acidic soil (Ultisol). The pH of the original soil (4.92) steadily increased to 5.35 and 5.45 at day 105 in rice and green bean straw treatments, respectively. Application of dolomite increased pH to a maximum value of 6.35 in the rice straw + dolomite and 6.55 in the green bean straw + dolomite amended soil at day 105 following establishment of the trial. Application of dolomite and the crop straws significantly increased soil microbial biomass C (MBC), dissolved organic C (DOC) and nitrate (NO3−), whereas it had a short‐term effect on exchangeable ammonium (NH4+). The Ultisol amended with green bean straw emitted larger cumulative N2O emissions (7.25 mg N2O‐N kg−1) during the 105‐day study than soil amended with rice straw (4.23 mg N2O‐N kg−1) and the control soil (1.42 mg N2O‐N kg−1). Dolomite application significantly (P ≤ 0.001) decreased N2O emissions from both rice and green bean straw treatments by increasing soil pH. The results of the current study can help to mitigate N2O emissions and so improve field management.Highlights We investigated the effects of dolomite on N2O emissions in acidic soil following incorporation of crop residues. Application of dolomite triggered chemical and biochemical soil processes. Dolomite significantly decreased N2O emissions from both rice and green bean straw treatments. Dolomite decreased net N2O emissions by increasing soil pH.

Effect of dolomite and biochar addition on N2O and CO2 emissions from acidic tea field soil.

A laboratory study was conducted to study the effects of liming and different biochar amendments on N2O and CO2 emissions from acidic tea field soil. The first experiment was done with three different rates of N treatment; N 300 (300 kg N ha-1), N 600 (600 kg N ha-1) and N 900 (900 kg N ha-1) and four different rates of bamboo biochar amendment; 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% biochar. The second experiment was done with three different biochars at a rate of 2% (rice husk, sawdust, and bamboo) and a control and lime treatment (dolomite) and control at two moisture levels (50% and 90% water filled pore space (WFPS)). The results showed that dolomite and biochar amendment significantly increased soil pH. However, only biochar amendment showed a significant increase in total carbon (C), C/N (the ratio of total carbon and total nitrogen), and C/IN ratio (the ratio of total carbon and inorganic nitrogen) at the end of incubation. Reduction in soil NO3--N concentration was observed under different biochar amendments. Bamboo biochar with the rates of 0.5, 1 and 2% reduced cumulative N2O emission by 38%, 48% and 61%, respectively, compare to the control soil in experiment 1. Dolomite and biochar, either alone or combined significantly reduced cumulative N2O emission by 4.6% to 32.7% in experiment 2. Reduction in N2O production under biochar amendment was due to increases in soil pH and decreases in the magnitude of mineral-N in soil. Although, both dolomite and biochar increased cumulative CO2 emission, only biochar amendment had a significant effect. The present study suggests that application of dolomite and biochar to acidic tea field soil can mitigate N2O emissions.

Reduction in soil N2O emissions by pH manipulation and enhanced nosZ gene transcription under different water regimes.

Several studies have been carried out to examine nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural soils in the past. However, the emissions of N2O particularly during amelioration of acidic soils have been rarely studied. We carried out the present study using a rice-rapeseed rotation soil (pH 5.44) that was amended with dolomite (0, 1 and 2 g kg-1 soil) under 60% water filled pore space (WFPS) and flooding. N2O emissions and several soil properties (pH, NH4+N, NO3--N, and nosZ gene transcripts) were measured throughout the study. The increase in soil pH with dolomite application triggered soil N transformation and transcripts of nosZ gene controlling N2O emissions under both water regimes (60% WFPS and flooding). The 60% WFPS produced higher soil N2O emissions than that of flooding, and dolomite largely reduced N2O emissions at higher pH under both water regimes through enhanced transcription of nosZ gene. The results suggest that ameliorating soil acidity with dolomite can substantially mitigate N2O emissions through promoting nosZ gene transcription.

Application of Mineral‐Based Amendments for Enhancing Phytostabilization in Lolium perenne L. Cultivation

An experimental investigation is conducted to explore the suitability of Lolium perenne L., diatomite, chalcedonite, dolomite, and limestone for the phytostabilization of Ni and Cu in contaminated soil. A controlled greenhouse study is conducted. The soil is enriched with rising dose of Cu and Ni, that is, (0, 150, 250, and 350 mg kg−1) and (0, 150, 300, and 450 mg kg−1), respectively. The phytostabilization potential of perennial ryegrass is evaluated using a bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor. Pseudo‐total and available metal content (0.01 M CaCl2) in soils and bioaccumulated content in plants are defined in laboratory experiments using spectrophotometry experimental technique. L. perenne is adequate in phytostabilization aided programs, simultaneously, diatomite, chalcedonite, dolomite, and limestone used as modifiers are effective in reducing the accessibility and mobility of metals in Cu‐ and Ni‐polluted soils. The finding of the present study suggests that the studied element in the roots and above‐ground parts of L. perenne differs significantly upon applying mineral‐based modifications to the soil, synchronously the effect of increasing Cu and Ni levels. Application of dolomite and limestone to the soil cause the highest percentage of the above‐ground biomass. Diatomite along with limestone cause a significant boost of Cu and Ni absorption in the roots. Limestone causes an increase in the contents of K, Na, and Ca, as well as a reduction in P in the above‐ground parts of L. perenne. Limestone and chalcedonite leads to the highest decrease in available Cu and Ni.

Dolomite application for the removal of nutrients from synthetic swine wastewater by a novel combined electrochemical process

The present study provides a novel combined electrochemical process for the simultaneous removal of the total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) and phosphate from synthetic swine wastewater. This combined electrochemical process includes an electrolysis reactor for TAN removal and a decarbonation reactor for phosphate removal. Dolomite was added to the electrolysis reactor, to enhance the removal of TAN and phosphate. From the results it was evident that the dolomite application was beneficial to the stability of the solution pH and removal of TAN and phosphate. Based on this, the effects of the NaCl dosage, voltage and temperature on the TAN electrolysis were further investigated. The findings revealed that the increased NaCl dosage and electrolysis voltage raised the removal of the TAN alone, whereas the increase in the temperature simultaneously enhanced the removal of both TAN and phosphate. When the electrolysis was conducted at a temperature of 20 °C, with an electrolysis voltage of 20 V, and an NaCl dosage of 6 g/L, and a dolomite dosage of 10 g/L for 270 min, the removal efficiencies for TAN and phosphate reached 95.1% and 23.6%, respectively. To further boost the phosphate removal, the mixed solution, post electrolysis, was precipitated and the resulting supernatant was stripped at an aeration rate of 4 L/min for 120 min, which induced a phosphate-removal efficiency of >95%. An economic analysis indicated that the process proposed here could provide an expenditure savings of about $ 1.7 in terms of chemical costs for the removal of TAN per kg compared with the electrolytic process without the addition of dolomite.

Effect of magnesium sources on dry matter yield and plant nutrients content of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) crops varieties

A pot experiments were conducted during 2005-06 in Rabi seasons at MPUAT, Udaipur (Rajasthan) on the response of wheat, barley and maize varieties of magnesium sources on nutrients status of soils, dry matter yield and nutrient content under grown in clay loam and loamy sand soils. The highest content of Ca was observed under varieties GW-322 of wheat, RD-2035 of barley and Pratap M-5 of maize grown soils. More Mg was observed in varieties Lok-1 of wheat, RD-2624 of barley and Aravali M-3 of maize crops grown soils. The maximum Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn were observed in Lok-1 and Navjot varieties of wheat and maize grown soil. The highest Mg, P, S, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn content estimated with magnesium sulphate application soils while more Ca content was estimated in soil under application of dolomite. Lok-1 (3.18 g/pot) varieties of wheat, RD-2645 (2.67 g/pot) of barley and Pratap M-5 (8.24 g/pot) of maize were produced highest dry matter yield. Magnesium sulphate application in wheat, barley and maize crops significantly increased dry matter yield (7.28, 4.35 and 2.94%, respectively) over dolomite application. Dry matter yield significantly increased (5.22%, 9.60% and 19.11% of wheat, barley and maize crops, respectively) with grown in clay loam soil than loamy sand soil. The concentration Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn significantly higher were observed in variety Lok-1 of wheat and varieties RD-2592 of barley shoot tissue. While, highest Ca concentration was found in variety HI-8498 of wheat and variety RD-2552 of barley plant. However, maximum sulphur in variety Raj.3756 and RD-2624 of wheat and barley, respectively. Highest value of Ca, Mg and sulphur content was found in maize varieties PHEM-2, Aravali Makka-1 and Pratap Makka-3 respectively, while, highest phosphorus, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn content was found in variety Navjot. Ca content was observed significantly higher with application of dolomite grown crops dry matter.

Influence of ameliorating soil acidity with dolomite on the priming of soil C content and CO2 emission.

Lime or dolomite is commonly implemented to ameliorate soil acidity. However, the impact of dolomite on CO2 emissions from acidic soils is largely unknown. A 53-day laboratory study was carried out to investigate CO2 emissions by applying dolomite to an acidic Acrisol (rice-rapeseed rotation [RR soil]) and a Ferralsol (rice-fallow/flooded rotation [RF soil]). Dolomite was dosed at 0, 0.5, and 1.5g 100g-1 soil, herein referred to as CK, L, and H, respectively. The soil pH(H2O) increased from 5.25 to 7.03 and 7.62 in L and H treatments of the RR soil and from 5.52 to 7.27 and 7.77 in L and H treatments of the RF soil, respectively. Dolomite application significantly (p≤0.001) increased CO2 emissions in both RR and RF soils, with higher emissions in H as compared to L dose of dolomite. The cumulative CO2 emissions with H dose of dolomite were greater 136% in the RR soil and 149% in the RF soil as compared to CK, respectively. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) increased and reached at 193 and 431mgkg-1 in the RR soil and 244 and 481mgkg-1 in the RF soil by H treatments. The NH4--N and NO3--N were also increased by dolomite application. The increase in C and N contents stimulated microbial activities and therefore higher respiration in dolomite-treated soil as compared to untreated. The results suggest that CO2 release in dolomite-treated soils was due to the priming of soil C content rather than chemical reactions.

Effectivity of Soil Amelioration on Peat Soil and Rice Productivity

Peat soil amelioration has important role on improvement of soil peat fertility such as on increasing soil pH, reducing organic acid and toxic ions, and also increasing nutrients availability. Soil amelioration with polyvalent cations (Fe Al Cu Zn) namely slag, lateritic soils, and river mud are effectively reducing harmful effect of phenolic acid. The objectives of the study were to determine the effect of soil amelioration on peat soil chemical properties, optimum temperature amelioran tras and dolomite to increase Si concentration in peat soil, also to determine the effect of soil amelioration on increasing crop productivity (both biomass and yield). The study was consisted of two sets of experiments, namely soil incubation in the laboratory and greenhouse experiment with 4 replications of CRD (complete randomized design) plot design. The result of the study showed that the application of slag and dolomite are significantly different to increase pH, base saturation, and (Ca, Mg) content, meanwhile slag application was more complex and stable on improving chemical properties of peat soil. Slag was also improving pH, KB, and Ca, Fe content as well as silica and ash. Tras and dolomite burning were not significantly different on increasing silica in peat soil. Slag application was significantly increased both dried crop biomass and yield on rice. The best ameliorant was slag compared to tras, dolomite, and mixed tras dolomit with slag.Keywords: Ameliorant, organic acids, paddy, peat soil