DC-DC Converter For Applications Research Articles

Application of DC-DC Converter for Grid Connected Inverter using PV Cell

Application of DC-DC Converter for Grid Connected Inverter using PV Cell

Retracted: Application of DC-DC Converter in Sensor and MEMS Device Integration and Packaging

Retracted: Application of DC-DC Converter in Sensor and MEMS Device Integration and Packaging

SELECTION OF THE NON-ISOLATED UNIDIRECTIONAL DC-DC CONVERTERS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS

The rising prominence of renewable energy sources and the demand for efficient power distribution has led to the emergence of DC microgrids as a promising solution for localized energy generation and distribution. The effective operation of DC microgrids heavily relies on the performance of their DC-DC converters, which play a crucial role in regulating power flow and voltage. Selecting suitable DC-DC converters is thus essential to ensure optimal performance and stability of photovoltaic systems. This academic article presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of different non-isolated DC-DC converter topologies and their appropriateness for DC microgrid applications. The research delves into various converter types, including buck, boost, buck-boost, SEPIC, and Zeta converters, thoroughly examining their operating principles, control strategies, and advantages within the context of DC microgrids. The focus is on key performance metrics essential for a comprehensive evaluation, including efficiency, voltage regulation, transient response, power density, and cost-effectiveness. Through meticulous comparative analysis, it is established that the SEPIC and Zeta converters stand out as exceptional choices for DC microgrids. Their distinct advantages, such as reduced output ripple, improved efficiency, and wide input voltage range, position them as valuable contenders for modern power electronics applications, showcasing their excellence in addressing diverse voltage regulation needs. This academic article contributes valuable insights into the selection and application of DC-DC converters in DC microgrid systems, providing researchers, engineers, and industry stakeholders with a comprehensive understanding of the comparative advantages of these converters. The findings underscore the significance of choosing appropriate converters to achieve efficient energy conversion, optimal power distribution, and the advancement of renewable energy technologies in the context of DC microgrids. Keywords: DC-DC converters, SEPIC, ZETA, BUCK, BOOST.

Digital twin based monitoring and control for DC-DC converters

The monitoring and control of DC-DC converters have become key issues since DC-DC converters are gradually playing increasingly crucial roles in power electronics applications such as electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. As an emerging and transforming technology, the digital twin, which is a dynamic virtual replica of a physical system, can potentially provide solutions for the monitoring and control of DC-DC converters. This work discusses the design and implementation of the digital twin DC-DC converter in detail. The key features of the physical and twin systems are outlined, and the control architecture is provided. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed digital twin method, four possible cases that may occur during the practical control scenarios of DC-DC converter applications are discussed. Simulations and experimental verification are conducted, showing that the digital twin can dynamically track the physical DC-DC converter, detect the failure of the physical controller and replace it in real time.

Current-Fed Phase-Shifted Full-Bridge Converter With Secondary Harmonic Current Reduction for Two-Stage Inverter in Energy Storage System

For the low voltage, high current, isolated DC-DC converter applications, current-fed type converter has the chance to achieve higher efficiency due to the lower transformer root mean square current compared with other well-known converters such as dual active bridge or LLC. A current-fed phase-shifted full-bridge, CFPSFB converter has the advantages of nearly full range zero-voltage-switching and soft-commutating without large size of passive or active snubber circuit because the phase-shift of secondary full-bridge is controlled to be proportional to the input current. However, as a front-end stage of a single phase inverter, the input secondary harmonic current (SHC) propagating from the output AC load may cause large voltage spike to damage the primary MOSFETs due to losing the soft-commutating property. SHC may also reduce the conversion efficiency and the lifespan of battery intensely. This paper proposes a simple control scheme based on virtual series impedance method with a notch filter in control loop to reduce the SHC and maintain good dynamic performance. A small-signal model of CFPSFB for a reliable controller design is derived and verified by simulation. A 48 V/3 kW maximum output power inverter prototype is built to verify the theoretical analysis. The maximum efficiency of the DC-DC stage is 97.4% and the peak to peak SHC is less than 10% of the average input current.

Stand-Alone Hybrid PV System by Using The Bypass Converter Topology to Optimize the Reliable of Device

One of the applications of DC-DC converters in photovoltaic-battery hybrid systems is a two-way converter used for battery charging. The power supplied to the two-way converter experiences twice the power lost during the battery charging process. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange a phovoltaic-battery hybrid system topology so that only one stage of power conversion occurs when charging the battery so that the power loss is smaller. The proposed topology of this system uses three DC-DC converters connected to a battery and a DC bus. The one-way converter used in this system allows cross-connection between other DC-DC converters. Two one-way converters connect the phovoltaics to the DC bus and the photovoltaics to the battery, and the other one-way converter connects the battery to the DC bus. The purpose of using a one-way converter for charging the battery is called a bypass converter so that charging the battery does not go through two power conversions which cause twice the lost power. To make the proposed system more reliable, an inverter is added to the self-contained photovoltaic-battery hybrid system. Therefore, a control system is needed to maintain the DC bus voltage as input to the inverter using a double-loop control system. The two-loop Proportional-Integral control system is used for the DC electricity section while the Proportional-Resonant control system is used as an inverter control to maintain the balance of AC power. The results of system testing using Simulink/Matlab simulations show that the proposed topology uses a one-way converter capable of carrying out the battery charging process and can control the flow of power while maintaining DC and AC voltages.

The Design and Manufacture of DC-DC Full Bridge Converter with Mosfet-N Channel and Bipolar PWM Practical Module

By designation of the electrical engineering of engineering faculty at the Islamic University of Kadiri, the general directorate of the higher education ministry of national education should increase the facility as one of the supports to ensure the quality of the graduates in the field of their study. DC-DC converter applications have been selected as one of the lectures that must face by the college student. Therefore, it requires a module or device that has both practical and good reliability so that college students can understand DC-DC converter applications. The purpose of this research is design and manufacture an electronic laboratory that is a DC-DC Full Bridge Converter with Mosfet-N Channel and bipolar PWM also increases student’s competency through a practical class where they will use this module in an electronic laboratory. This research uses the flowchart method to during implementation can run systematically. The test divided into two-steps. First is PWM module and then the whole module where the output is DC motor controller. The results show that DC motor can be controlled very well. It was demonstrated when the duty cycle PWM control potentiometer lever was rotated in the far left, center, or even in the rightest position the direction and speed of the DC motor changed. Based on the result, it can be concluded that the DC-DC Full Bridge Converter with Mosfet-N Channel and Bipolar PWM bipolar designed using Mosfet IRF 540 and IC NE555 can control the direction and speed of the DC motor.

Perancangan Dan Implementasi Half Bridge Dc – Dc Converter Dengan Kendali Arus Hysteresis

DC-DC Converter is a direct voltage (DC) power supply device that is produced by converting DC input voltage into a lower or higher DC output voltage. In its development, the application of DC-DC Converter allows an electronic device to function with a small energy source, where the output voltage can be varied as needed. DC-DC Converters have been widely developed because they have various advantages, including: simpler form and has high efficiency. In this thesis, an Arduino Mega 2560-based current controller will be implemented. The type of current controller implemented is hysteresis current control with the well-known, tested and proven considerations. Current control works if the inductor current rises from the lower limit of the hysteresis band to the upper limit then the switch will be turned off (inductor current above the upper reference Ip.Ref) and if this current drops from the upper limit to the lower limit the switch will be turned on (current inductor under low frequency Iv.Ref). This current control also has advantages in overcurrent protection such as when there is a short circuit in the load.

Design and optimization of on-chip thick-plated copper-transformers for galvanic isolated DC-DC converter achieving up to 38.9% peak efficiency

In this article, an approach for on-chip coreless transformers design and optimization is proposed and demonstrated for isolated DC-DC converter applications. This available approach was successfully executed by one fabricated sample and then with the aid of measurement and simulation its accuracy has been validated. Using the provided guidelines by EM simulation, transformers with different geometrical parameters were simulated and optimized based on the provided analytic model. The on-chip transformers within 6 μm thick-plated copper were implemented by re-distribution layer technique on 0.35 μm BCD platform. The proposed architecture was ultimately benefited from these evidences and fabricated as a stand-alone die. Finally, the targeted coreless transformer was integrated with oscillator and rectifier to verify the combined work and their efficiency. Results show that the transformers strictly follow the derived rule-set and meet the desired expectation. The assembled DC-DC converter is able to work effectively. Thanks to the optimization of fabricated structure of transformer, designed DC-DC converter delivers an excellent 38.9% efficiency at 3.3 V regulated output voltage in room temperature, while exhibiting isolated rating of better than 5 kVrms over a minute duration with 16 μm polyimide.

Design, implementation and performance evaluation of different digital control techniques for current controlled DC-DC Buck converter

The paper presents modelling, control architecture, analysis and design of digital compensators for single feedback-loop voltage mode control as well as two feedback-loop average current mode control and peak current mode control of current controlled DC-DC Buck converter operating in continuous conduction mode with output current as control variable. The compensators are derived using digital redesign approach, simulated on MATLAB, implemented as control algorithms on Texas Instruments' 32-bit TMS320F28069M microcontroller platform, and experimentally validated by testing with a laboratory prototype of current controlled Buck converter. Simulation and experimental results are discussed, compared and evaluated for converter output current performance in tracking reference current signal as well as in regulation against input voltage and load disturbances. Salient features of each control technique are identified and described to determine its suitability in applications of DC-DC converters requiring controlled output current.

Magnetic Core TSV-Inductor Design and Optimization for On-chip DC-DC Converter

The conventional on-chip spiral inductor consumes a significant top-metal routing area, thereby preventing its popularity in many on-chip applications. Recently through-silicon-via– (TSV) based inductor (also known as a TSV-inductor) with a magnetic core has been proved to be a viable option for the on-chip DC-DC converter. The operating conditions of these inductors play a major role in maximizing the performance and efficiency of the DC-DC converter. However, there is a critical need to study the design and optimization details of magnetic core TSV-inductors with the unique three-dimensional structure embedding magnetic core. This article aims to provide a clear understanding of the modeling details of a magnetic core TSV-inductor and a design and optimization methodology to assist efficient inductor design. Moreover, a machine learning–assisted model combining physical details and artificial neural network is also proposed to extract the equivalent circuit to further facilitate DC-DC converter design. Experimental results show that the optimized TSV-inductor with the magnetic core and air-gap can achieve inductance density improvement of up to 7.7 \( \times \) and quality factor improvements of up to 1.6 \( \times \) for the same footprint compared with the TSV-inductor without a magnetic core. For on-chip DC-DC converter applications, the converter efficiency can be improved by up to 15.9% and 6.8% compared with the conventional spiral and TSV-inductor without magnetic core, respectively.

A High-Efficiency Double-Side Silicon- Embedded Inductor for Integrated DC–DC Converter Applications

In this brief, a novel double-side silicon-embedded coreless inductor is proposed and demonstrated for integrated dc-dc converter applications. The inductor has double-side thick windings embedded into the silicon substrate and connected in parallel. Extremely large effective metal thickness of 300 μm can, therefore, be achieved. Consequently, the 0.8 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> inductor fabricated shows a low dc resistance of 42 mΩ. A large inductance to dc resistance ratio of 0.4 nH/ mΩ is then achieved with an inductance over 16.1 nH. The calculated peak effective inductor efficiency is 96.1% for 1.8-0.85 V, 100 MHz dc-dc conversion.

Research on Marine DAB bidirectional DC converter based on DPS

This paper takes the application of bidirectional DC-DC converter in Marine hybrid power system as the background, the problems of high reflow power and current stress in dual active bridge converter under traditional phase shift control are studied in this paper. Based on the dual phase shift control strategy, the power transmission optimization algorithm model is analyzed and derived, and a control method for optimizing mode switching is proposed. The optimized control algorithm is validated by Matlab/Simulink simulation experiment. The results show that the reflow power and current stress optimization control algorithm can effectively reduce the reflow power and the current stress of the converter, so as to improve the operation performance of DAB converter in high-power ship hybrid power system.

Design of Single Inductor and Two Output DC - DC Converter

&lt;p&gt;A DC-DC converter is used to convert from one DC voltage level to another DC voltage level. The output voltage may be increased or decreased when compare to the input voltage based on the circuit topology. DC – DC converters are mainly used as a regulated and isolated power supplies in many applications. Regulated dc power supplies are needed for most analog and digital electronic systems. Most power supplies are designed to meet some or all of the following requirements:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regulated output: &lt;/strong&gt;The output voltage must be kept constant with respect to the change in output loading.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Isolation: &lt;/strong&gt;The output may be required to be electrically isolated from the input.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In addition to these requirements, common goals are to reduce power supply size and weight and improve their efficiency. A few applications of DC-DC converters are where 5V DC on a personal computer motherboard must be stepped down to 3V, 2V or less for one of the latest CPU chips; where 1.5V from a single cell must be stepped up to 5V or more, to operate electronic circuitry. The main focus in this paper is to generate dc voltage from a one level to other level with minimum loss. The need for such converters has risen due to the fact that transformers are unable to function on dc.&lt;/p&gt;

Vertical GaN Reverse Trench-Gate Power MOSFET and DC-DC Converter

A vertical GaN reverse trench-gate power MOSFET (RT-MOSFET) device is proposed. This Vertical RT-MOSFET features the negative incline of broaden-trench sidewalls at the bottom of the gate. Numerical device simulations using TCAD have been carried out for device and circuit performance study and analysis. The device performance like transfer characteristics, on-state, off-state characteristics, capacitance–voltage characteristics is observed. The simulation results are shown in comparison to the conventional such as perpendicular trench-gate (UT), and trapezoidal trench-gate (VT)-MOSFET devices. The RT-MOSFET has a ~ 9% and ~ 20% reduced on-state resistance (Ron), ~ 6% and ~ 10% enhanced electrical breakdown voltage (Vbr), and ~ 21% and ~ 46% superior Baliga's figure of merits ( $${V}_{br}^{2}/{R}_{on})$$ compared to UT-MOSFET and VT-MOSFET, respectively. Next, we obtain lower energy loss using TCAD Mixed-mode simulation for DC-DC boost converter circuit performance with different voltage. The RT-MOSFET saves ~ 30% and ~ 76% energy loss at 100 V, ~ 43%, and ~ 75% energy loss at 200 V and ~ 54% and ~ 87% energy loss at 400 V during DC-DC converter application compared to UT-MOSFET and VT-MOSFET, respectively.

Non-Dissipative Snubber Circuit Based SEPIC Converter for High Static Gain Applications

In this paper different non-dissipative snubber circuits in which RCD snubber circuit, CD snubber circuit, LCD snubber circuit and proposed LCD snubber circuit are implemented in SEPIC converter to obtain high static gain. The snubber circuit is used for the protection of the power semiconductor devices. The requirement of high static gain is necessary in different applications of dc-dc converters, so that efficient operation of the system can be obtained. The basic idea of the snubber circuit used in this paper is to reduce the turn-on and turn-off losses at the time of switching processes. For this purpose, inductor and capacitor combination is required so that during turn-on process, sudden change in current through semiconductor device which is used as a switch, can be reduced. Similarly, during turn-off process, sudden change in voltage across switch can be minimized. Here, different snubber circuit based SEPIC converters are analyzed with the help of MATLAB simulink and results of output voltages and currents are obtained. The results are summarized which clearly shows that the proposed SEPIC converter has high static gain in comparison of the others topologies. Hence non-dissipative snubber circuit based SEPIC converter provides high efficiency than the other modifications in SEPIC converter.

Voltage Regulation in Buck–Boost Converters Feeding an Unknown Constant Power Load: An Adaptive Passivity-Based Control

Rapid developments in power distribution systems and renewable energy have widened the applications of dc-dc buck-boost converters in dc voltage regulation. Applications include vehicular power systems, renewable energy sources that generate power at a low voltage, and dc microgrids. It is noted that the cascade connection of converters in these applications may cause instability due to the fact that converters acting as loads have a constant power load (CPL) behavior. In this brief, the output voltage regulation problem of a buck-boost converter feeding a CPL is addressed. The construction of the feedback controller is based on the interconnection and damping assignment control technique. In addition, an immersion and invariance parameter estimator is proposed to compute online the extracted load power, which is difficult to measure in practical applications. It is ensured through the design that the desired operating point is (locally) asymptotically stable with a guaranteed domain of attraction. The approach is validated via computer simulations and experimental prototyping.

Advances on System Identification Techniques for DC–DC Switch Mode Power Converter Applications

System identification is fundamental in many recent state-of-the-art developments in power electronic such as modeling, parameter tracking, estimation, self-tuning and adaptive control, health monitoring, and fault detection. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive review of parametric, non-parametric, and dual hybrid system identification for dc-dc switch mode power converter (SMPC) applications. The paper outlines the key challenges inherent with system identification for power electronic applications; speed of estimation, computational complexity, estimation accuracy, tracking capability, and robustness to disturbances and time-varying systems. Based on the literature in the field, modern solutions to these challenges are discussed in detail. Furthermore, this paper reviews and discusses the various applications of system identification for SMPCs; including health monitoring and fault detection.

Application of Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Saving Energy on Photovoltaic

Photovoltaic is one of the most widely developed solar power system. The problem that often arises is the instability of PV output causes problems in the utilization of PV power for the load. In this paper is focused to maximize the power generated by Photovoltaic power dan bidirectional dc-dc converter and controlled by Arduino Nano. The tool that becomes the object of research is a photovoltaic that has been controlled by manual or by using a one-way converter, will be controlled using bidirectional two-way converter. The electronic circuit will be replaced with Arduino nano V3.0 which will control the bidirectional converter frequency.

Analysis of Recent Advances and Industrial Applications of PWM DC-DC Converters

Analysis of Recent Advances and Industrial Applications of PWM DC-DC Converters