Application Of Additive Technologies Research Articles

Получение композиционных материалов при аддитивном производстве

The main possibilities of obtaining new composite materials are presented. Due to the high dynamics of thermal deformation processes in the molten bath of a thin layer of the grown part, we obtain a new material structure from immiscible components. Another direction of obtaining a new composite material in the growing process is the reinforcement of the matrix with high-strength elements, which can be present, including in the form of a solid phase under melting and crystallization of the material. This allows predicting in advance new qualitative properties of the grown part - increased strength, weight reduction, etc. Additive technology is being developed for growing parts and products made of tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium and other hard-melting metals that are poorly treated through mechanical methods. In this case, heating is used within growing process. The successful application of additive technologies is used in medicine in the manufacture of implants made of molybdenum, tantalum and their alloys, which have high biocompatibility and no toxic property. It becomes possible to manufacture an implant grown according to a specific model for a given individual. The main directions of the additive manufacturing development are the creation of more productive complexes and the expansion of construction materials powders range, used when forming new composite materials in the growing process.

Supplementary treatment of FDM printed parts. Review

The application of additive technologies to the manufacture of polymer and composite products is now actively expanding. The FDM printing process is popular because of its ability to adapt to specific tasks and to bring products with complex geometries into production quickly and at minimal cost, and is seen as a technology that can compete with injection molding. However, due to the nature of the process, FDM printed parts are significantly inferior in quality to injection molded parts. Much attention is now being paid to research into supplementary treatment methods to improve the properties of FDM printing parts. However, there is no complete and clear description of such methods, nor are there any recommendations on the choice of treatment methods aimed at improving the specific parts properties. The aim of this review is to analyse the research in the field of post-treatment of parts in order to systematise their advantages and limitations, which will allow a more reasoned choice of a post-treatment method to improve specific properties of FDM printing parts. <br> The bibliography includes 120 references.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Alloys Produced by Additive Technologies: New Approaches and Promising Areas of Research

Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, is a process where a part is produced layer by layer, and represents a promising approach for designing components close to their final shape. Titanium alloys produced by additive manufacturing find application in various industries. This overview examines the features of the formation of the microstructure and properties in Ti alloys synthesized with the use of powder and wire laser additive technologies, as well as solid-phase methods of additive manufacturing such as friction stir additive manufacturing. Their main drawbacks and advantages are discussed, as applied to Ti alloys. The main approaches to solving the problem of increasing the strength properties of the synthesized Ti workpieces are considered. The authors of this overview propose a new area of research in the field of the application of additive technologies for producing ultrafine-grained Ti semi-products and parts with enhanced performance characteristics. Research in this area opens up prospects for designing heavily loaded complex-profile products for the aerospace, oil and gas, and biomedical industries.

Применение аддитивных технологий для изготовления макета замедляющей системы лампы бегущей волны миллиметрового диапазона

Using the technology of photopolymer three-dimensional printing with subsequent metallization, a prototype of a slow-wave system for a Q-band traveling wave lamp was manufactured. The deviations in the size of one period of the slow-wave system detected on the measuring microscope did not exceed 5 μm. The results of “cold” electrodynamic measurements of the manufactured system demonstrated good agreement with the calculated data.

Application of Additive Technologies in the Study of the Discipline “Technology of Structural Materials”

Application of Additive Technologies in the Study of the Discipline “Technology of Structural Materials”

PERSPECTIVES AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS FOR APPLICATION OF ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN DENTISTRY IN THE LIGHT OF INDUSTRY 4.0

Additive manufacturing technologies (AMTs) offer a new approach for cost-effective production of goods and services and are therefore quite rightly included as part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0. Last years great attention is paid to the AMTs as technologies of the future development in many countries all over the world including the European Union. Depending on the availability of a good base of installed 3D printers and intellectual potential, the countries are divided into two groups: 1) leaders in the field of 3D printing technology and 2) countries with large bases of equipment, but lack of trained and qualified labor force. The aim of the present paper is to analyze the perspectives and development trends for application of additive technologies in modern dental medicine in the light of Industry 4.0. The constant development of AMTs will accelerate their implementation in various fields and in particular in medicine/dentistry. The 3D printing technologies are first applied in dentistry, due to the possibility for fabrication of individual dental constructions. Currently, almost all worldrenowned companies for production of dental materials and machines develop additive technologies and manufacture the corresponding equipment. According to the forecasts, the 3D printing is expected to be widely used in dental clinics and laboratories in the next 5-10 years. The additive technologies most often applied in dentistry include stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, selective electron beam melting, selective laser melting/sintering and ink-jet printing. The great variety of materials used in these processes allow constructions with different purposes to be made for all areas of dental medicine - surgery, oral implantology, conservative dentistry, orthodontics and prosthetic dentistry.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ АДДИТИВНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИИ И ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИИ ИЗДЕЛИЙ ИНДУСТРИИ МОДЫ

The article presents the results of the application of additive technologies in the manufacture of fashion industry products. The history of the emergence and development of 3D printing, the directions of using 3D technologies in the fashion industry are briefly reviewed. The technical characteristics of materials for 3D printing of clothing and accessories are analyzed and presented. The process of creating a product using additive technologies, consisting of several stages, is considered. Developed in the AutoCAD computer-aided design system and manufactured several 3D models of modular elements with a "chain mail" type design. The developed models were sliced in the Prusa Slicer program. Optimal printing parameters with non-toxic plastics have been selected. Printing was carried out on an Ender 3S-1 3D printer with a print area of 220×220×270 mm. The connection of the elements, measuring 200×200 mm, is made using a 16×16 mm link, the design of which is identical to the links of the module. Using 3D printing technology, a transformer bag was made using a PETG plastic-based filament. The modular structures obtained with the help of additive technologies have a number of advantages when used in fashion industry products - the ability to replace failed elements with new and operational modifications, "reassembly" and transformation of products. The maximum weight supported by the bag is 5 kg, which is enough for everyday use. The presented development shows that additive technologies can be considered not only as the embodiment of design ideas in the fashion industry, but also as a solution for mass production. 3D printing of clothing and accessories made of biodegradable or recyclable plastics is a promising direction for solving the problem of waste disposal in the fashion industry.

Characteristics research of a low thrust rocket engine manufactured using additive SLM technology

The development and improvement of rocket and space technology are largely determined by the application of manufacturing technologies that enable the production of high-reliability products with energy efficiency, while simultaneously reducing material intensity and shortening the production cycle. Among these progressive technologies, additive technologies should be mentioned. The essence of these technologies lies in obtaining parts through layer-by-layer melting of material based on a computer 3D model of the product in a chamber of a specialized 3D printer equipped with a laser device. The application of additive technologies in rocket engine construction requires extensive scientific research and experimental work to confirm compliance with industry standards, rules, and mandatory certification at the state level. In accordance with the program of priority research at SibSU, in collaboration with the industrial partner “Polychrome” LLC a complex of experimental work is being carried out to test and refine the 3D printing modes of a demonstrator model of a low thrust rocket engine (LTRE). The design of the LTRE, operating on environmentally friendly gaseous fuel components, has been developed and adapted for 3D printing on the ASTRA 420 printer. The parameters and characteristics of the printer are considered, and the sequence of experimental work on selecting printing modes for the engine chamber housing and mixing head is outlined. The fundamental possibility of adjusting the modes of laser material melting and forming of the part has been established. The main technological stages of post-printing processing of LTRE chamber parts are presented. A description of the equipment for heat treatment and electrochemical polishing of parts is provided. The sequence of material structure research is outlined, and the results of metallographic and X-ray analysis of the internal state of the metal are presented. The importance of stand tests of rocket engines in the development of innovative design solutions and the implementation of innovative production technologies is demonstrated. A description and composition of the testing stand system at SibSU are presented. The results of stand firing tests indicate the fundamental possibility of manufacturing LTRE using selective laser melting of heat-resistant alloy.

Аддитивные технологии для создания магнитных материалов

Materials and materials with magnetic properties are one of the mainstays of the world of mankind. Magnets are the key elements of most devices used in industry, science and technology. The development of permanent magnet manufacturing technology taking into account the maximum efficiency of the generated magnetic field with a minimum size of the magnet can be divided into two key directions: changing the composition of the magnet and changing the shape of the magnetic field. The research in this paper is aimed at developing a technology for manufacturing shaped magnets for controlling the shape of the magnetic field. Modern production technologies actively use various software products to simulate the design, composition, physical and chemical properties of the final product. For more precise manufacturing and minimization of post-processing, 3-D automated complexes are used, that make it possible to produce a finished product. Manual labor is gradually being replaced by machine labor, and the role of man at the place of production is gradually changing. Large-scale production begins to use robotic systems and conveyors, which significantly increases productivity, reduces costs and the influence of the human factor on the quality of the finished product. The market of additive technologies has been growing at an increasing pace in recent years. The paper considers the application of additive technologies for obtaining materials of complex shape with magnetic properties. The substantiation and solutions of the main obstacles in the development of a new technology for the manufacture of shaped magnetic materials are proposed. Technological solutions and equipment giving the possibility to obtain magnetic materials through the use of additive technologies make a motion.

Review of the application of additive technologies in thermal units with phase transition processes and approaches to improve their design based on these technologies

Review of the application of additive technologies in thermal units with phase transition processes and approaches to improve their design based on these technologies

Influence of parameters of molding by the selective laser melting method on product quality

Purpose. The development and application of additive technologies, which have a high rate of material utilization and significant production flexibility in the case of single and small-scale production, are relevant for solving various types of engineering problems. The final mechanical, technological and operational characteristics of products obtained by additive technologies are affected by a large number of initial parameters that can be varied in order to obtain the necessary properties of the material. The purpose of this work is to study the influence of the parameters of shape formation by the method of selective laser melting, in particular the scanning plan, on the quality of the material and the productivity of production. The methods. To achieve the goal, studies of the microstructure of products obtained by different scanning plans were carried out using optical microscopy, during which the shape of a single track, as well as the structure of the material in different directions of the laser beam, were analyzed. Findings. The effect of particle size, the mechanism of formation of a metal product during selective laser melting is analyzed. The influence of the scanning plan on the porosity, strength, and productivity of manufacturing by the method of selective laser melting is shown. The correct choice of technological parameters, such as the power and speed of the laser beam, the thickness of the metal powder layer, the scanning step between two adjacent single tracks, ensures the minimization of the number and size of defects (pores, cracks, shells) in the product material. The originality. The process of metal powder melting in the process of shaping products by the method of selective laser melting is analyzed. The scheme of formation of a single track is obtained in the case of choosing different scanning schemes. A list of technological parameters, the variation of which affects the properties and quality of the product, has been formed. Practical implementation. The use of additive technologies for the molding of products in single and small-batch production allows to reduce the time of production preparation and reduce the amount of waste. When choosing technological parameters, one should understand their dependence on the final properties of the finished product, because the method of selective laser melting allows to obtain products of different porosity, strength and other properties.

Technology and mechanical properties of reinforced continuous fiber 3D-printed thermoplastic composite

Background. Additive technologies based on Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) modeling methods attract a lot of attention from both industry and research groups, which is explained by low investment costs, ease of production, etc. If the processing parameters are correctly selected, products with mechanical properties close to products obtained by traditional technologies can be obtained. Objective. Practical implementation of the modernized technology for 3D printing of Polylactid Acid (PLA) samples reinforced with continuous Kevlar fiber using the FDM method and determination of their mechanical properties. Methods is based on experimental and theoretical studies of the limit of tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of the composite and includes testing of samples on the SHIMADZU AGS-X testing machine and solving the inverse problem. Results. Experimental samples of thermoplastic composite (PLA+Kevlar fiber Æ0.3 mm) were tested for tension. It was found that the tensile strength of the reinforced composite compared to the unreinforced one with a Kevlar volume fraction of about 12% increases by 2.38 times, and the modulus of elasticity increases by 1.45 times. With a confidence interval of 0.68, the error of determining the ultimate tensile strength is 3.5%, and the modulus of elasticity is 4.5%. A theoretical dependence was obtained for predicting the modulus of elasticity of thermoplastic composites in the range of changes in the degree of reinforcement up to 15%. Conclusions. The application of additive technologies based on FDM for 3D printing of thermoplastic composites with increased mechanical properties is substantiated.

The application of additive technologies in the surgical treatment of chronic pelvic injuries using original plates

The application of additive technologies in the surgical treatment of chronic pelvic injuries using original plates

Rheological Analysis of 3D Printed Elements of Acrylonitrile Butadiene and Styrene Material Using Multiparameter Ideal Body Models.

The growing application of additive technologies in various industrial fields determines the undertaking of research in this direction. The need to study mechanical properties, including rheological properties, is necessitated by the use of additively manufactured models as utility models. Furthermore, the values of mechanical properties are affected by the technological parameters of 3D printing. One of the popular engineering materials used in 3D printing is acrylonitrile butadiene and styrene, commonly known by the abbreviated name ABS, which is quite hard and resistant to high temperatures. This article presents a study of the rheological properties of ABS material using multiparameter ideal body models. Two rheological phenomena of stress relaxation and creep were evaluated. The effects of two technological parameters, layer height and printing direction, on the resulting values of elastic moduli and dynamic viscosity coefficients were also evaluated. The elastic moduli and dynamic viscosity coefficients were calculated using the Maxwell-Wiechert and Kelvin-Voight models. The study showed the effect of layer height on rheological properties. Moreover, very good fit was obtained between the multiparameter rheological models and the experimental curves, which are shown by the average value of and . The presented research can be used by designers to design machine parts or car or aircraft components. Moreover, research expands knowledge of the mechanical properties of additively manufactured parts.

Application of additive technologies for master model creating at porcelain ware production

The article considers the prospects of application of additive technologies in porcelain production by the example of creating a master model of a porcelain coffee pot. The results of printing a master model of the product obtained using a 3D printer with FDM printing technology are analyzed. The possible defects of 3D-printing that may occur during modelling and printing of models with complex configuration and fine plasticity are considered.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of additive wax printing technologies for obtaining wax models for lost-wax casting in custom production based on simulation modeling

The article discusses the technology of casting according to the smelted models, in particular, the processes of manufacturing wax models. We considered methods of manufacturing elements of model blocks with the use of molds and with the help of additive technologies. In this paper we showed the features of the application of additive technologies in the lost-wax casting. A simulation model has been developed to evaluate the effectiveness of using additive wax printing technologies to produce wax models. Based on the results of simulation modeling, conclusions were made about the feasibility of using additive technologies in casting according to smelted models.

Three-Dimensional Printing of Cylindrical Nozzle Elements of Bernoulli Gripping Devices for Industrial Robots

The application of additive technologies, namely, fused deposition modeling, is a new reality for prototyping gripping devices of industrial robots. However, during 3D printing of holes and nozzle elements, difficulties arise with reducing their diameter. Therefore, this article conducts a comprehensive study of the Bernoulli gripping device prototype with a cylindrical nozzle, manufactured by fused deposition modeling 3D printing. The three main reasons for reducing the diameter of the gripper nozzle after printing were due to the poor-quality model, excessive extrusion of plastic in the middle of the arc printing path, and linear shrinkage of printing material after cooling. The proposed methodology consisted of determining the three coefficients that allowed the determination of the diameter of the designed nozzle. The use of air pressure distributions on the surface of the manipulation object, and lifting forces of gripping devices with different 3D printing layer heights were found. It was experimentally determined that as the height of the printing layer increased, the lifting force decreased. This was due to the formation of swirls due to the increased roughness of the grip surface. It was proven that as the height between the manipulation object and the grip increased, the effect of surface roughness on the lifting force decreased, resulting in an increase in the lifting force. Determination of the rational operating parameters of gripping devices manufactured by 3D printing from the point of view of maximum lifting force, were determined.

Application of additive technologies in mechanical engineering for production of form-forming riggings

The article discusses the process of using additive technologies in the manufacture of formbuilding equipment. It is supposed to reduce the manufacturing time and labor costs of workers by using non-traditional technological systems in the manufacture of the form-building equipment’s model, which has qualitatively new properties and capabilities and also significantly increases the level of automation and intensification of production processes. When designing a technological process high information and computerization, a certain level of electrification and energy supply are required, therefore, the design of new technologies is based on rational technological processes, using accumulated experience, and a new system approach developed on the basis of the unity of production design technology using CAD/CAE/CAM systems. The extrusion method of three-dimensional printing using the FDM technology with the use of a new modified material of the PA12CF brand was adopted as the basis for the production of form-building equipment. This material is a polyamide-12 composite plastic reinforced with carbon fibers. The use of additive technologies using modern computer modeling based on the unity of technological systems is an urgent task. These technological systems will significantly increase productivity, reduce the production area occupied by equipment, reduce the duration of the production cycle, reduce the number of workers employed in production, and make it possible to switch to technologies that do not require paper-based design documentation. At the same time, additive technologies are open to their further development and have great potential to evolve and be modified in accordance with the changing external conditions on the labor market.

Application of Additive Technologies in the Development of Aerodynamic Models for Rocket and Space Technology Products

Experimental work was carried out on the development of variants of additive technologies of layer-by-layer synthesis (FDM, SLA) for the manufacture of aerodynamic models of aircraft intended for testing in wind tunnels. The material of the models is selected, the production modes and design variants of the models of the fairings of space launch vehicles are described.

Application of additive technologies in industrial design

Application of additive technologies in industrial design