Self-management Application Research Articles

Mobile-Based Self-management Application Requirements for Patients With Gastric Cancer: Quantitative Descriptive Study of Specialist and Patient Perspectives.

BackgroundGastric cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers. Patients with gastric cancer experience disabilities and complications that lead to reduced quality of life. Empowering these patients by providing them with information and self-management skills can help reduce side effects and improve their quality of life.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify the user requirements for developing a mobile-based self-management app to support patients with gastric cancer.MethodsData were analyzed using descriptive statistics and frequency distribution reports using IBM SPSS Statistics software.ResultsAll of the data elements and functional requirements except “data recording times” and “weight changes in graphs” were identified as essential by clinical experts and patients. Among the functional requirements required in a gastric cancer self-management app, the capabilities related to informing, announcing warnings, and reminders are included. In the demographic data section, most patients (14/26, 53%) did not comment on the importance of recording data such as name, surname, and place of residence, and the demographic data section was met with less agreement from patients than clinicians.ConclusionsApplying the requirements mentioned in this study can improve the self-management of patients with gastric cancer. Such apps can play an important role in empowering patients and improving their quality of life. However, the apps need to be designed and implemented to see how they can meet users’ requirements.

Health care effects and medical benefits of a smartphone-based diabetes self-management application: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundDiabetes self-management is a mainstay of diabetes care, but the implementation of self-management regimens into daily life is complex and often results in discouragement and distress. Modern approaches such as smartphone-based self-management applications are therefore needed to support people with diabetes. Since reimbursability would increase the availability of such digital applications to people with diabetes, we designed a study that meets all scientific and methodological requirements set by the German Digital Healthcare Act to allow reimbursement for a specific application (mySugr PRO). Here, we report the protocol of this study that aims at evaluating the efficacy of the digital self-management application with regard to patient-reported outcomes and medical benefits.Methods/designThis multicenter, open-label, randomized, parallel-group, controlled trial will evaluate the health care effects and medical benefits of mySugr PRO. A total of 466 people with diabetes will be randomly allocated (2:1 randomization) to the interventional group (n = 311) that will use the digital self-management application during the 12-week study period or the control group (n = 155; no usage of the application). Baseline and follow-up examinations will assess diabetes distress as the primary endpoint as well as empowerment, HbA1c, blood glucose data, self-management, general well-being, and treatment satisfaction as secondary endpoints. Statistical analyses will use an intention-to-treat procedure (using multiple imputation for missing values) as well as a per-protocol approach for sensitivity analysis.DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this study will be one of the largest diabetes-specific evaluations of a digital health application supporting people with diabetes in their diabetes self-management that follow the requirements of the German Digital Healthcare Act.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trial Register DRKS00022923. Registered on 22 October 2020.

Mobile Applications for Self-Management of Hypertension: A Systematic Review

Aim: To recognize and describe applications from Apple and Google geared towards the self-management of hypertension and to evaluate their quality, functionality, content validity, and usefulness. Methods: This is a systematic review of the mobile applications for self-management of hypertension available in the Philippines. The inclusion criteria included applications that were created within the last five years, are smartphone-based, and operate on either the Android OS or iOS. The study excluded applications that target other medical conditions, and applications that are solely for reference and clinicians’ use. Selected applications were evaluated through the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) and underwent clinical guidelines compliance analysis. Results: A total of 1607 applications were filtered, leaving 266 applications. Twelve applications complied with the criteria, but due to inaccessibility, only four (4) were included in the study. The FITZY+ obtained the highest MARS average (4.06). Functionality domain had the highest score of more than half (3/4, 75%) of the applications. All the applications (4/4, 100%) were adherent to the treatment for hypertension in reference to the clinical guidelines. Conclusion and Implications: Mobile health applications are promising tools, capable of minimizing the occurrence and degree of hypertension. However, the applications for self-management of hypertension are limited and of substandard quality due to inadequate information and research. Although applications satisfy some clinical guidelines, physical therapists should advise their patients not to rely solely on them as they are not the most optimal form of medical care.

The Role of Self-Efficacy and Technology Upon the Participation of Men in Healthy Lifestyle Behavior

Few health interventions are targeted exclusively to men. Limited knowledge exists regarding the specific components needed to design Internet health applications to appeal to men. This study examined the relationship between the use of Internet health applications and the role of self-efficacy in men and the influence upon participation in health and wellness behaviors, such as diet and physical activity. A quasi-experimental design was used to analyze data collected from the National Cancer Institute’s (NCI) Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). A group of men (N=990) who used Internet health applications were compared to a control group of men who did not use Internet health applications. Results from the regression analysis indicated that the use of Internet health applications for self-management of health behavior had a significant effect upon participation in health and wellness behavior t (49) = -2.212, < .05. Self-efficacy was found to have a greater significant effect upon participation in health and wellness behavior than Internet health applications t (49) = -2557, p < .05. Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between Internet health applications and participation in health and wellness behavior t (48) = -2.744, p < .05. The results of this study offer support for the efficacy of operationalized applications as an evidence-informed user-driven resource for men. Consequently, designing Internet health applications which include the theoretical foundation, self-efficacy could significantly increase the participation of men in health and wellness behaviors.

Web-Based TangPlan and WeChat Combination to Support Self-management for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BackgroundChina has the largest number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the world. However, owing to insufficient knowledge of self-management in patients with diabetes, blood glucose (BG) control is poor. Most diabetes-related self-management applications fail to bring significant benefits to patients with T2DM because of the low use rate and difficult operation.ObjectiveThis study aims to examine the effectiveness of the combination of the self-designed web-based T2DM management software TangPlan and WeChat on fasting BG (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body weight, blood pressure (BP), and lipid profiles in patients with T2DM over a 6-month period.MethodsParticipants were recruited and randomized into the TangPlan and WeChat or control groups. Participants in the control group received usual care, whereas the TangPlan and WeChat participants received self-management guidance with the help of TangPlan and WeChat from health care professionals, including BG self-monitoring; healthy eating; active physical exercise; increasing medication compliance; and health education during follow-ups, lectures, or web-based communication. They were also asked to record and send self-management data to the health care professionals via WeChat to obtain timely and effective guidance on diabetes self-management.ResultsIn this study, 76.9% (120/156) of participants completed the 6-month follow-up visit. After the intervention, FBG (mean 6.51, SD 1.66 mmol/L; P=.048), HbA1c (mean 6.87%, SD 1.11%; P<.001), body weight (mean 66.50, SD 9.51 kg; P=.006), systolic BP (mean 127.03, SD 8.00 mm Hg; P=.005), diastolic BP (mean 75.25, SD 5.88 mm Hg; P=.03), serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mean 2.50, SD 0.61 mmol/L; P=.006), and total cholesterol (mean 4.01, SD 0.83 mmol/L; P=.02) in the TangPlan and WeChat group were all significantly lower, whereas serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mean 1.20, SD 0.25 mmol/L; P=.01) was remarkably higher than in those in the control group. Compared with the baseline data, significance was found in the mean change in FBG (95% CI −0.83 to −0.20; P=.002), HbA1c (95% CI −1.92 to −1.28; P<.001), body weight (95% CI −3.13 to −1.68; P<.001), BMI (95% CI −1.10 to −0.60; P<.001), systolic BP (95% CI −7.37 to −3.94; P<.001), diastolic BP (95% CI −4.52 to −2.33; P<.001), triglycerides (95% CI −0.16 to −0.03; P=.004), serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95% CI −0.54 to −0.30; P<.001), and total cholesterol (95% CI −0.60 to −0.34; P<.001) in the TangPlan and WeChat group but not in the control group (P=.08-.88).ConclusionsCompared with usual care for patients with T2DM, the combination of TangPlan and WeChat was effective in improving glycemic control (decrease in HbA1c and BG levels) and serum lipid profiles as well as reducing body weight in patients with T2DM after 6 months.Trial RegistrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000028843; https://tinyurl.com/559kuve6

The range of application of self-management in the northern sector schools in Najran city in the light of digital transformation and the problems of activating it from standpoint of related principals and teachers: درجة تطبيق الإدارة الذاتية في مدارس القطاع الشمالي بمدينة نجران في ضوء التحول الرقمي ومشكلات تفعيلها من وجهة نظر المديرين والمعلمين

This study aimed to identify the degree of application of self-management in public education schools in the northern sector of Najran city in the light of digital transformation from the point of view of its principals and teachers, according to the study variables: (gender, years of experience, educational qualification, college, job, sector). The survey descriptive approach, and the tool was represented by distributing a questionnaire that consisted of (38) items distributed over (8) fields; It was applied to an intentional sample of (1195) male and female teachers in (46) schools; All schools in the northern sector of the city of Najran are represented. The results revealed that the degree of application of the Autonomous Administration in the northern sector of the city of Najran has obtained an overall average of (3.42 out of 5), i.e., at the level of the domains; The field of follow-up and accounting got the highest average (3.83), then the field of student performance with an average of (3.74), thirdly, the field of participation in decision-making with an average of (3.60), all with a verbal assessment of the reality of the application with a degree (significant), while fourthly the field of delegation of powers with an average of (3.35) and fifth the field of growth Professional with an average of (3.32), sixth in administrative and financial obstacles with an average of (3.20), seventh in the field of human obstacles with an average of (3.18), eighth and finally, in relationship with the local community with an average of (3.10) and all the last five at a (medium) degree. The results also showed that there are statistically significant differences for all variables. The study: as follows (gender, in favor of females, and according to the variable of years of experience in favor of less than 5 years, and according to the variable of academic qualification in favor of a bachelor’s degree, and according to the variable of college specialization in favor of humanity, and according to the variable of employment in favor of a teacher,) and based on the results, the researcher made a set of recommendations And the proposals to activate the application of self-management in public education schools in the northern sector of the city of Najran in the light of digital transformation and throughout the schools of the Kingdom, and therefore the study recommends the need to develop a clear administrative methodology that will Granting public schools the right to self-manage them in light of public administrative decentralization that outlines educational goals.

Healthcare Professionals' Views of Factors Influencing Diabetes Self-Management and the Utility of a mHealth Application and Its Features to Support Self-Care.

IntroductionThe perspectives of healthcare professionals (HCPs) are pivotal to co-development of self-management strategies for patients with diabetes. However, literature has been largely limited to perspectives of patients within the context of a Western healthcare setting. This study aims to explore factors influencing diabetes self-management in adult patients with diabetes from the perspectives of HCPs and their views of the value of mHealth application for diabetes self-management.Materials and MethodsWe conducted focus group discussions (FGD) with purposively selected HCPs in Singapore. All FGDs were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo 12.ResultsA total of 56 HCPs participated in the study. Barriers to self-management included limited patient commitment to lifestyle changes, suboptimal adherence to medication and treatment, patient resistance to insulin initiation and insufficient rapport between patients and HCPs. Patients’ perceived susceptibility to complications, social support from family and community, multidisciplinary team care and patient’s understanding of the benefits of self-care were viewed as facilitating self-management. HCPs saw mHealth apps as a vital opportunity to engage patients in the self-management of conditions and empower them to foster behavior changes. Yet, there were concerns regarding patient’s limited digital literacy, lack of integration into routine electronic system and reluctance.DiscussionWe identified a set of factors influencing self-management in adult patients with diabetes and useful app features that can empower patients to manage their conditions. Findings will inform the development of a mHealth application, and its features designed to improve self-care.

Regulatory standards and guidance for the use of health applications for self-management in Africa: scoping review protocol

IntroductionDespite health applications becoming ubiquitous and with enormous potential to facilitate self-management, regulatory challenges such as poor application quality, breach of data privacy and limited interoperability have impeded their full...

The Promise of Digital Self-Management: A Reflection about the Effects of Patient-Targeted e-Health Tools on Self-Management and Wellbeing.

Increasingly, people have direct access to e-Health resources such as health information on the Internet, personal health portals, and wearable self-management applications, which have the potential to reinforce the simultaneously growing focus on self-management and wellbeing. To examine these relationships, we searched using keywords self-management, patient-targeting e-Health tools, and health as wellbeing. Direct access to the health information on the Internet or diagnostic apps on a smartphone can help people to self-manage health issues, but also leads to uncertainty, stress, and avoidance. Uncertainties relate to the quality of information and to use and misuse of information. Most self-management support programs focus on medical management. The relationship between self-management and wellbeing is not straightforward. While the influence of stress and negative social emotions on self-management is recognized as an important cause of the negative spiral, empirical research on this topic is limited to health literacy studies. Evidence on health apps showed positive effects on specific actions and symptoms and potential for increasing awareness and ownership by people. Effects on more complex behaviors such as participation cannot be established. This review discovers relatively unknown and understudied angles and perspectives about the relationship between e-Health, self-management, and wellbeing.

Application of persuasive systems design principles to design a self-management application user interface for Hispanic informal dementia caregivers: user preferences and perceptions.

ObjectiveWe designed an mHealth application (app) user interface (UI) prototype informed by participatory design sessions, persuasive systems design (PSD) principles, and Lorig and Holman’s self-management behavior framework to support self-management activities of Hispanic informal dementia caregivers and assessed their perceptions and preferences regarding features and functions of the app.Materials and MethodsOur observational usability study design employed qualitative methods and forced choice preference assessments to identify: (1) the relationship between user preferences for UI features and functions and PSD principles and (2) user preferences for UI design features and functions and app functionality. We evaluated 16 pairs of mHealth app UI prototype designs. Eight paper-based paired designs were used to assess the relationship between PSD principles and caregiver preferences for UI features and functions to support self-management. An Apple iPad WIFI 32GB was used to display another 8 paired designs and assess caregiver preferences for UI functions to support the self-management process.ResultsCaregivers preferred an app UI with features and functions that incorporated a greater number of PSD principles and included an infographic to facilitate self-management. Moreover, caregivers preferred a design that did not depend on manual data entry, opting instead for functions such as drop-down list, drag-and-drop, and voice query to prioritize, choose, decide, and search when performing self-management activities.ConclusionOur assessment approaches allowed us to discern which UI features, functions, and designs caregivers preferred. The targeted application of PSD principles in UI designs holds promise for supporting personalized problem identification, goal setting, decision-making, and action planning as strategies for improving caregiver self-management confidence.

Smartphone-based application for self-management of patients with colorectal cancer: development and usability evaluation.

Self-management is considered essential for improving the treatment and management of colorectal cancer patients. This study was conducted to develop and evaluate the usability of a smartphone-based application for the self-management of patients with colorectal cancer. We developed an Android-based application called "Colorectal Cancer Along (ColorectAlong)" for the self-management of colorectal cancer. Seventeen patients, from the Cancer Institute of Iran, evaluated the usability of this application for 2weeks using a standard questionnaire for user interaction satisfaction (QUIS) version 5.5. The obtained data was analyzed using SPSS software version 26. The ColorectAlong application was developed with features covering several areas of colorectal cancer self-management. The areas available for evaluation in the app are patient profile; medication management; nutrition and diet management; pain management; mental health; smoking cessation and alcohol reduction; educational content; and adding reminders, questions, and notes. Our results indicate that the usability of this application is good with an average QUIS score of 8.03 out of 9. The ColorectAlong application can improve self-management, assist patients, and facilitate access to required information without the need for internet access.

Meta Analysis the Effectiveness of Internet-Based Self- Management for Asthma Control Monitoring

Background: The high incidence and mortality of asthma is caused by a lack of asthma control and the independence of patients and families in doing good self-management. So far, self-management has been carried out in various ways, one of which is using internet-based self-management. The aim of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of Internet-based self-management on asthma control by meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: This research is a meta-analysis study using PRISMA flowchart guidelines. The article search process was carried out between 2011-2022 using databases from PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Science Direct and Scopus. The PICO formula used is P= patients with asthma. I= using internet-based self-management. C= without using internet-based self-management. O= asthma control. Article searches were performed using the keywords “mhealth” OR “mobile health” OR “telemedicine” AND “self management” AND “asthma control” OR “asthma treatment” AND “asthma control”. The inclusion criteria were full paper articles with randomized controlled trial study design, articles using English, the intervention provided was the application of internet-based self-management, and the outcome was asthma control. Based on the database, there were 9 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis was carried out using Revman 5.3 software. Results: A total of 9 articles spread across 4 continents, namely Asia, Europe, Australia, and America. The articles reviewed in the meta-analysis showed that the use of Internet-based self-management in asthmatics was effective in changing asthma control by 1.25 times compared with no Internet-based self-management, and was statistically significant (OR= 1.25; 95% CI= 1.09 to 1.44; p= 0.002). Conclusion: Internet-based self-management is effective in improving asthma control compared to no Internet-based self-management. Keywords: asthma control, internet-based self-management, asthma patients Correspondence: Bhre Diansyah Dinda Khalifatulloh. Masters Program in Public Health, universitas Sebelas Maret. Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: bhrediansyah98@gmail.com. Mobile: +6287708465646 Journal of Health Policy and Management (2002), 07(02): 94-102 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2022.07.02.01

Meta-Analysis the Effect of Electronic Health Record Utilization on Mortality and Readmission

Background: The development of technology shows a very rapid development, especially in the health sector. One example of the use of technology in the health sector is the electronic health record. Electronic health records provide several benefits, one of which can reduce mortality and readmission rates in patients. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of electronic health records on mortality and readmission rates by metaanalysis. Subjects and Method: This was a metaanalysis study using PRISMA flowchart guidelines. The article search process was carried out between 20112022 using databases from PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Science Direct and Scopus. The PICO formula used is P = patients with asthma. I= using internetbased selfmanagement. C= without using internetbased selfmanagement. O= asthma control. Article searches were performed using the keywords “mhealth” OR “mobile health” OR “telemedicine” AND “self management” AND “asthma control” OR “asthma treatment” AND “asthma control”. The inclusion criteria were full paper articles with randomized controlled trial study design, articles using English, the intervention provided was the application of internetbased selfmanagement, and the outcome was asthma control. Based on the database, there were 9 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis was carried out using Revman 5.3 software. Results: A total of 13 articles spread across 2 continents, namely Asia (Taiwan, Singapore, and South Korea) and North America (South America). Articles reviewed in the metaanalysis showed that electronic health records had an effect on reducing mortality by 0.74 times compared to those without using electronic health records (aOR= 0.74; 95% CI= 0.64 to 0.86; p&lt;0.001). In addition, it was also found that electronic health records had an effect on reducing readmission by 0.77 times compared to without using electronic health records (aOR= 0.77; CI 95%= 0.62 to 0.95; p= 0.010) Conclusion: The application of electronic health records has an effect on reducing mortality and readmission rates. Keywords: Electronic health record, mortalitas, readmission Correspondence: Desi Syahbaniar. Masters Program in Public Health, universitas Sebelas Maret. Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: desiniar15@gmail.com. Mobile: +6287708465646 Journal of Health Policy and Management (20220, 07(02): 103-111 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2022.07.02.02

A self-management mobile application system for patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia

The projected increase in the number of dementia cases has prompted the development of an automated solution to assist patients with self-management in everyday life. This paper proposes a new mobile application (app) called DDoMate to help users with Mild Cognitive (MC) impairment or mild dementia, and their caregivers, organise tasks to improve the patient's quality of life. DDoMate has been developed using the latest in research design for medical mobile apps for elderly people to ensure a carefree experience without hassle. DDoMate offers easy to navigate interfaces with large fonts and a dynamic environment that enables users to record their own voices for reminders to manage tasks. DDoMate is implemented in the Android environment and is accessible through the Google App Store. Data within the proposed app is anonymous and can be further analysed using machine learning to improve the self-management characteristics of mild dementia patients.

Making shoulder pain simple in general practice: implementing an evidence-based guideline for shoulder pain, protocol for a hybrid design stepped-wedge cluster randomised study (EASIER study)

IntroductionResearch suggests that current care for shoulder pain is not in line with the best available evidence. This project aims to assess the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and the implementation of an...

The extent of the application of self-management in the schools of the General Education Directorate in the Holy Capital from the point of view of school principals

The purpose of this study is to identify the extent of applying self-management at schools of Holy capital Directorate of General Education as perceived by school principles.&#x0D; The study sample consisted of all school at schools of Holy capital Directorate of General Education, during the year 2013/2014, and numbered (305).&#x0D; The researchers prepared &amp; developed a questionnaire consisted of (20) items Tool was developed for the study consisted of (20) paragraph, focused on measuring the possibility of applying self-management in schools. Validity and reliability coefficient were ensured for the tool. The findings of the study were:&#x0D; - The extent of applying self-management at schools of Holy capital Directorate of General Education showed an average degree on the domains (teachers, students), and on the tool as whole, while the domain (educational goals and curriculum) showed a low degree.&#x0D; - There are no statistical significant differences at the significance level of (α = 0.05) on all domains of the the extent of applying self-management at schools perceived by school principles, and on the tool as whole, due to the variables (gender, practical experience).&#x0D; In light of the study findings, the researchers recommend: expansion the culture of self-management among members of the school community and the local community, and the necessity of selecting school principles from educational leaders that believe in the importance of self-management in schools.

Eliciting Requirements for a Diabetes Self-Management Application for Underserved Populations: A Multi-Stakeholder Analysis

Medically underserved communities have limited access to effective disease management resources in the U.S. Mobile health applications (mHealth apps) offer patients a cost-effective way to monitor and self-manage their condition and to communicate with providers; however, current diabetes self-management apps have rarely included end-users from underserved communities in the design process. This research documents key stakeholder-driven design requirements for a diabetes self-management app for medically underserved patients. Semi-structured survey interviews were carried out on 97 patients with diabetes and 11 healthcare providers from medically underserved counties in South Texas, to elicit perspectives and preferences regarding a diabetes self-management app, and their beliefs regarding such an app’s usage and utility. Patients emphasized the need for accessible educational content and for quick access to guidance on regulating blood sugar, diet, and exercise and physical activity using multimedia rather than textual forms. Healthcare providers indicated that glucose monitoring, educational content, and the graphical visualization of diabetes data were among the top-rated app features. These findings suggest that specific design requirements for the underserved can improve the adoption, usability, and sustainability of such interventions. Designers should consider health literacy and numeracy, linguistic barriers, data visualization, data entry complexity, and information exchange capabilities.

Evaluating the Usability of mHealth Applications on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Various MCDM Methods.

The recent developments in the IT world have brought several changes in the medical industry. This research work focuses on few mHealth applications that work on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by the patients on their own. Looking into the present doctor-to-patient ratio in our country (1:1700 as per a Times of India report in 2021), it is very essential to develop self-management mHealth applications. Thus, there is a need to ensure simple and user-friendly mHealth applications to improve customer satisfaction. The goal of this study is to assess and appraise the usability and effectiveness of existing T2DM-focused mHealth applications. TOPSIS, VIKOR, and PROMETHEE II are three multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches considered in the proposed work for the evaluation of the usability of five existing T2DM mHealth applications, which include Glucose Buddy, mySugr, Diabetes: M, Blood Glucose Tracker, and OneTouch Reveal. The methodology used in the research work is a questionnaire-based evaluation that focuses on certain attributes and sub-attributes, identified based on the features of mHealth applications. CRITIC methodology is used for obtaining the attribute weights, which give the priority of the attributes. The resulting analysis signifies our proposed research by ranking the mHealth applications based on usability and customer satisfaction.

Developing Aysoo: a mobile-based self-management application for people living with HIV

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Safdari R, SeyedAlinaghi S, Mohammadzadeh N, et al. Developing Aysoo: a mobile-based self-management application for people living with HIV. HIV & AIDS Review. International Journal of HIV-Related Problems. 2022;21(1):24-30. doi:10.5114/hivar.2022.113389. APA Safdari, R., SeyedAlinaghi, S., Mohammadzadeh, N., Noori, T., Rahmati, P., & Qaderi, K. et al. (2022). Developing Aysoo: a mobile-based self-management application for people living with HIV. HIV & AIDS Review. International Journal of HIV-Related Problems, 21(1), 24-30. https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2022.113389 Chicago Safdari, Reza, SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Niloofar Mohammadzadeh, Tayebeh Noori, Pakzad Rahmati, Kowsar Qaderi, and Fabricio Voltarelli et al. 2022. "Developing Aysoo: a mobile-based self-management application for people living with HIV". HIV & AIDS Review. International Journal of HIV-Related Problems 21 (1): 24-30. doi:10.5114/hivar.2022.113389. Harvard Safdari, R., SeyedAlinaghi, S., Mohammadzadeh, N., Noori, T., Rahmati, P., Qaderi, K., Voltarelli, F., and Mehraeen, E. (2022). Developing Aysoo: a mobile-based self-management application for people living with HIV. HIV & AIDS Review. International Journal of HIV-Related Problems, 21(1), pp.24-30. https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2022.113389 MLA Safdari, Reza et al. "Developing Aysoo: a mobile-based self-management application for people living with HIV." HIV & AIDS Review. International Journal of HIV-Related Problems, vol. 21, no. 1, 2022, pp. 24-30. doi:10.5114/hivar.2022.113389. Vancouver Safdari R, SeyedAlinaghi S, Mohammadzadeh N, Noori T, Rahmati P, Qaderi K et al. Developing Aysoo: a mobile-based self-management application for people living with HIV. HIV & AIDS Review. International Journal of HIV-Related Problems. 2022;21(1):24-30. doi:10.5114/hivar.2022.113389.

Self-Management in Organizational Behavior Management

ABSTRACT Self-management can be a cost-effective method to promote employee behavior change. This article will provide an overview of self-management as it applies to business and industry. The general process will be described along with techniques to increase success. Relevant examples and literature will be introduced to enhance understanding of self-management applications in organizational behavior management (OBM). Benefits will be discussed along with professions that may be ideal for a self-management approach to performance improvement.