Appearance Of Children Research Articles

The Role of Mothers’ Varied Parenting Styles in Childhood Obesity

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of mothers' democratic, authoritarian, permissive, and overprotective parenting styles in childhood obesity and mothers' perception of their children's body weight. Method: The research was cross-sectional in design, and a total of 94 children aged between two and six years were included, together with their mothers. Mothers were administered the Parental Attitude Scale, and children's Body Mass Index (BMI) was classified using age- gender-specific tables of the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). The effect of mothers' parental attitudes on their children's BMI groups was evaluated. However, mothers matched their child's appearance to the appearance they thought corresponded to the age and gender-specific weight plot and mothers' weight perceptions were evaluated. Results: The prevalence of overweight-obesity among children was found to be 19.2%. There wasn’t statistically difference between democratic, authoritarian, overprotective and permissive parenting styles and BMI categories of children (p=0.819, p=0.878, p=0.319, p=0.494). The mothers of overweight-obese children perceived their children as significantly overweight compared to other children (p

Oral Health Status of 12 and 15 years old school going children in rural and urban areas of Madhurawada Town

Brief Background Children's appearance, quality of life, food intake, and growth and development are all affected by oral disorders. To ensure long-term dental health and hygiene, good oral hygiene practices must begin at a young age. To assess the oral health status among 12 and 15 years old urban and rural school going children of Madhurawada Town, Vishakhapatnam. Material and Methods Multistage cluster sampling was used. The clinical examination of each subject was done at schools in Madhurawada Town, Visakhapatnam district with the WHO Oral health assessment form 2013. The total sample size calculate was 1700. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS software version 21.0. Descriptive and Paired t test and chi-square test were used. Results Out of 1700 study participants, 850 are from rural and 850 are from urban area. The value of mean DMFT was 2.27±1.17, 1.85±1.71 among 12 years old age from rural and urban area respectively. Mean DMFT value was 1.85±1.54, 1.67±1.58 in 15 years old from rural and urban area. The mean bleeding on probing is 39.2%, 42.8% in 12 years old 77.6%, 56.2% in 15 years old age group from rural and urban areas respectively. Conclusions According to the findings of this study, the prevalence of oral disease was higher in children from rural areas than in children from urban areas. Key Words: Dental caries, Multistage cluster sampling, Oral health status, WHO assessment

Content Analysis Tiktok on the Appearance Style of Teenagers in Belopa City, Luwu Regency

The TikTok application has become very popular among children, teenagers, and parents. No wonder that today's children have a cool and unique style of appearance, because they often see TikTok content that recommends trending outfits. This research is motivated by the impact of TikTok content on the appearance style of minors in Belopa City, Luwu Regency.This research uses a qualitative descriptive method of case study type. This study provides a picture of the reality of the impact of TikTok content that affects changes in children's appearance styles. This research is field research by making direct observations, in order to obtain accurate data, in accordance with the formulation of the problem in the research title (1) How is the impact of tiktok content on the appearance style of children under adolescence (2) Communication efforts made in preventing the negative impact of tiktok content. This research uses new media theory and imitation theory.The impact of TikTok content on the appearance style of minors which shows that the average teenage child begins to imitate to look like an adult through the TikTok application and uses the TikTok application as a tool for finding ideas for their outfit in appearance. The communication effort made is to educate their children properly and then their children want to listen to their parents in receiving advice.

ADVANCED CHILD RESCUE SYSTEM FROM OPEN BORE-WELL USING ARDUINO

People in India have been dealing with terrible and distressing situations over the last few days. over example, a youngster fell down an open bore well and hit a hole, trapping them. The method of rescuing a trapped kid from a bore well is very hazardous and challenging in comparison to other types of catastrophes. The child-saving methods now in use are also more expensive and less successful. The youngster has to be saved for longer than a day. Here, the clipper uses a remote controller to pick up and position the youngster who is caught within the hole in order to rescue it. The rope that is knotted at its hands manually leaves the cutter within. There would be no need to drill a hole parallel to the bore well in this alternate scenario. Additionally, it has a camera attached to the clipper that is used to watch the youngster. We are able to see the child's health and appearance thanks to this camera.

Smile Revival: Hollywood Bridge Appliance for the Esthetic Rehabilitation in a Preschooler

Dental caries affects people of all ages, often leading to early loss of teeth in children. Early childhood caries starts with the primary maxillary anterior teeth, then primary molars, with about 48% of preschoolers experiencing it worldwide. Rehabilitating a young child with multiple missing teeth due to caries or trauma is a challenging task for any pediatric dentist. Parents often seek aesthetic treatments to preserve their child's appearance and boost their self-confidence. In this case report, a 41⁄2-year-old girl was given a fixed Hollywood bridge appliance, enhancing her appearance, speech, and function while preventing harmful oral habits and boosting her confidence.

"The place it puts us in emotionally and relationally with our child, it's damaging": understanding the real-world psychosocial needs of caregivers of childhood cancer survivors.

Understanding the lived experiences of childhood cancer caregivers can guide the development of effective psychosocial models of care. We conducted this qualitative study to understand triggers that impact the mental health, quality of life, and mental health supportive care needs of caregivers. A maximum variation sampling strategy was used to recruit study participants for semi-structured interviews. Using a grounded theory approach, transcripts were independently dual-coded using inductive thematic analysis. We conducted a secondary thematic analysis emphasizing the impact of pediatric oncology on caregiver mental health. Our findings highlight caregiver experiences connected to their child's appearance, quality of life, or change in behavior. Caregivers reported the need to transition between the role of nurturer and protector and simultaneously be part of the care team, which increased trauma for caregivers and their children. Caregivers noted that the hardest part of being a caregiver is witnessing, participating, and forcing the child to comply with cancer treatment. Caregivers were left wishing there had been more support for these situations. Our findings reveal real-world experiences that caregivers view as among the most stressful during their child's cancer journey. These events provide insight into the nuanced and most difficult experiences from the caregiver perspective in which emotional support services would be most useful. These insights will inform a future model for mental healthcare. Caregivers' treatment-related stress is associated with the quality of life of pediatric cancer patients. Supporting the mental health, quality of life, and mental health supportive care needs of childhood cancer caregivers through supportive care guidelines may positively impact the caregiver-child relationship long into survivorship.Children's and their caregivers' treatment-related stress are indelibly connected to the quality of life concerns throughout the cancer journey. Supporting the mental health, quality of life, and mental health supportive careneeds of childhood cancer caregivers through supportive care guidelines will positively impact the caregiver-child relationship long into survivorship.

Physical and neurocognitive outcomes of children with primary Non-Syndromic Single-Suture craniosynostosis

IntroductionCraniosynostosis is a congenital anomaly disturbing children’s cognitive disability and motor status and appearance. The present study aimed to determine the physical and neurocognitive outcomes of children with primary non-syndromic single-suture craniosynostosis. MethodThe present cohort study started data collection from the Imam Hossein Hospital of Isfahan in 2019 and continued it until 2022. A total of 70 children with primary non-syndromic single-suture craniosynostosis were selected by the census method and then were included in the study. Children were examined before the treatment and up to one year after the surgery (1,3,6,12 and 15 months), and data were collected using a checklist. ResultsA total of 68 children with primary non-syndromic single-suture craniosynostosis were followed up in this study for 15 months. Among them, 72.1% were male, and the skull shapes were Scaphocephaly in 37 children (54.4%). The mean head circumference score increased from one month to 6 months; however, it decreased from 12 months onward. In each examination, the mean HC had a significant difference from the pre-operation stage. The 12-month follow-up indicated that 15 children (25.8%) had cognitive deficits. A total of 7 children (46.7%) had cognitive disability, 3 (20%) had motor problems, 3 (33.3%) had both problems, and 7 (31.8%) improved after the operation. Finally, the cranial index was significantly related to the intra-operative child's age. ConclusionAccording to the results, the cranial index is significantly associated with the intra-operative child age and it is probably a more suitable index than the head circumference to investigate the child's appearance.

Parental Stress on Children's Appearance, Body Dissatisfaction, and Eating Behaviours in Chinese Children: A Pathway Analysis.

This study aimed to analyze the association pathways of parental stress on children's appearance, body dissatisfaction, and eating behaviours in Chinese children and adolescents. The children aged 8-15 years were selected from 2 nine-year schools using stratified cluster random sampling. The appearance-related social stress questionnaire and the body dissatisfaction subscale of EDI-1 were used to investigate parental stress on children's appearance and body dissatisfaction, respectively. The self-administered eating frequency questionnaire was used to investigate children's eating behaviours. Body dissatisfaction in girls mediated associations between BMI, parental teasing, parental injustice and ignorance, parental encouragement and healthy eating behaviour: BMI → body dissatisfaction → healthy eating behaviour, parental teasing → body dissatisfaction → healthy eating behaviour, parental injustice and ignorance → body dissatisfaction → healthy eating behaviour, parental encouragement → body dissatisfaction → healthy eating behaviour. Parental injustice and ignorance directly and negatively predicted healthy eating behaviour in girls. In boys and girls, parental teasing was a direct predictor factor of unhealthy eating behaviour. Parental teasing, parental injustice and ignorance, parental encouragement, and BMI through body dissatisfaction positively predicted healthy eating behaviour in girls, parental injustice and ignorance directly negatively predicted healthy eating behaviour in girls, and parental teasing directly positively predicted unhealthy eating behaviour in girls and boys. Therefore, parental pressure on children's appearance may pay important role in children's eating behaviours.

LINGUISTIC FEATURES ABOUT THE BEHAVIOR, GESTURES OF CHILDREN'S CHARACTERS USED BY THE NARRATOR (Through the corpus “the collection of good Vietnamese short stories for children")

The article is based on theories of communication, children, and children's characters in children's short stories to find out the linguistic features of children's characters' behavior, gestures used by the narrator. From surveying and classifying children's language, we differentiate the narrator's children's language and analyze the following aspects: children’s communication situations, communication roles, communication themes, address form behavior and language actions and words, gestures. Research results show that children's language is diverse in terms of expression and aims to clarify children's appearance and personality from the narrator's point of view. Children's characters appear with innocence, youthfulness, carrying in them the desires and innocent personalities of youth.

Case Series on Personalized Pediatric Posterior Zirconia Crowns

Pediatric dentists must comprehend children's aesthetic perception because kids are increasingly aware of their own and other children's appearance. Many aesthetic restorations are available on the market, including open-faced stainless-steel crowns, pre-veneered stainless-steel crowns, strip crowns, and polycarbonate crowns, but each has its own drawbacks. Prefabricated zirconia crowns are a new trend among pediatric dentists for restoring carious, damaged, and malformed primary molars and anteriors. Customized zirconia crowns, on the other hand, may be able to overcome the limitations of prefabricated crowns in certain situations, particularly molars, resulting in excellent aesthetics and longevity. Our case series illustrates the use and performance of personalized zirconia crowns in a variety of challenging clinical circumstances.

Bully Anak Artis Lesti Kejora dalam Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough

This article describes Fairclough’s normative critical discourse on physical insults to children with Lesti Kejora using Norman theory. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method, listening method and literature study. The observation method was also applied in this study. This study also uses a note-taking approach. The survey consists of three phases: a data acquisition phase, a classification phase, and a data analysis phase. This study uses two news media, Suara.com and Herstory, based on the analysis of Fairclough's theory, bullying the child of artist Lesti Kejora. The data analysis technique used is reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The purpose of the study was to find out how the two SH media (Suara.com and Herstory.ac.id) obtained information about the physical insults of Lesti Kejora's children. The theory used in this study is a three-dimensional model from Norman Fairclough, namely the micro, mesostructural, and macrostructural dimensions. Microstructural analysis that describes the negative and positive sides of physical abuse of children with Lesti Kejora, mesostructurally how the media obtains information related to physical abuse of children. Social situations depicting children's physical appearance as monkeys are associated with children's physical humiliation.

Orthodontic Treatment of Patients With Clefts: Satisfaction and Psychological Aspects.

To assess parents’ satisfaction with cleft child's facial appearance and function; compare these findings with orthodontist (expert) satisfaction and evaluate influence of various factors on satisfaction. Cross-sectional study. Sixty-three parents of non-syndromic patients with clefts (ages 7-20 years), and an orthodontist, completed the Cleft Hearing, Appearance and Speech Questionnaire. Two scores were produced: cleft-associated, and non-cleft-associated features. Additional open questions were presented to the parents. Both parents and orthodontist gave high satisfaction scores (mean: 8.4 & 8.2, respectively), significantly correlated, for the cleft-associated features ( P < .001). Parents were least satisfied with appearance of teeth, then nose, then lips. Scores did not vary significantly with age and sex of patients. Higher parents’ satisfaction was found in the unilateral cleft lip + alveolus (UCL + alveolus) group, compared with the unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), regarding cleft-associated features, and compared with cleft palate (CP), regarding non-cleft-associated features ( P < .05). Greater parents and orthodontist satisfaction were found when parents’ education was >12 years. Parents of Jewish ethnicity showed higher satisfaction, compared with parents of non-Jewish ethnicity. Patients requiring future surgery received lower scores. Parents satisfaction was directly correlated to socioeconomic status. The following factors appear to lower parents’ satisfaction: [1] cleft severity, [2] hearing or speech of CP/BCLP patients, [3] requirement for further surgery, and [4] low socioeconomic status. Severe cases may require additional explanation to parents in order to lower expectations. A more thorough explanation may be required in patients of lower socioeconomic status.

Parental sense of competence, paternal stress and perceived construction of the relationship with the premature newborn: A mixed method study

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate the parental sense of competence, the paternal stress and the perceived construction of the relationship with the infant of during the hospitalization in a neonatal intensive care unit. MethodsForty-eight French fathers of premature infants participated in this study, which took place in the Toulouse University Hospital in France. Mixed methods are used, a semi-structured interview and two self-reported questionnaires. ResultsMain results show that fathers perceive the construction of the first relationship with their infant through the skin-to-skin and eye contact, along with their immediate presence by their child. The physical contact, although it may induce more stress, it motivates the father to be more involved in the caregiving process. Child's fragile appearance generates more stress to fathers. Finally, the stress linked to the construction of their relationship with the infant will affect their parental sense of competence. ConclusionResults are discussed with respect to recent literature and ways to improve professional practice are proposed.

Quality of life and satisfaction in surgical versus conservative treatment of nonsyndromic children with craniosynostosis.

Craniosynostosis represents the second most common reason for referral to pediatric neurosurgery. However, the quality of life and neurodevelopmental impact of leaving this physical disorder uncorrected is poorly understood. This multicenter cross-sectional study identified previously managed nonsyndromic infants (< 24 months of age) with single-suture craniosynostosis at both pediatric neurosurgical centers in Alberta, Canada. The primary variable of interest was the allocated treatment (surgical vs conservative). The primary outcome was the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), a validated measure of quality of life examining physical, emotional, social, and school functioning. Treatment decision satisfaction and the reasons for selected management were quantified and collected directly from caregivers. One hundred fourteen children met the inclusion criteria: 78% underwent surgery and 22% had conservative treatment. The most common suture affected was sagittal (54%), followed by metopic (33%), coronal (10%), and lambdoid (3%). Caregivers most commonly opted for surgery because of severe appearance (80%). Seventy-six percent and 72% of the caregivers of children with conservative management did so due to concerns of surgical risks and mild appearance, respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between both the parents' (p < 0.001) and the surgeon's (p = 0.001) impression of a severe head shape and surgical management. Parental satisfaction with their child's appearance as well as satisfaction with their treatment decision did not differ between management types. Regarding quality of life, on univariate analysis, the conservative group had a statistically higher physical summary score (p = 0.01), psychosocial summary score (p = 0.004), and mean total scale score (p = 0.003) compared to the surgical group. However, after adjusting for severity and age at consult, no significant independent associations between management type and any of the PedsQL summary scores were found. Alberta families have a high number of children with craniosynostosis treated with conservative management. Conservatively managed infants were largely minimally affected patients, particularly those with metopic synostosis. The study found no independent association between management type (surgery vs conservative) and quality of life when adjusted for important patient factors.

Differences in specific concerns perceived by parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate based on the types of cleft.

Parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) have concerns including guilt and worry. Differences in concerns by cleft type is, however, under-researched. To compare differences in perceived concerns among parents of children with CL/P by cleft type, adjusting for children's gender and age. Cross-sectional study conducted in an outpatient centre, assessing psychological status of 171 parents of children aged <12 with CL/P using 12 items. Across cleft types, 'I am worried about whether the child's teeth will be straight' was the most strongly perceived concern (70.8%). After adjusting for gender and age, logistic regression showed significant differences in type of CL/P for (eg) 'I am worried that the child's appearance will not be beautiful', associated with CL over CP (OR=0.07, 95% CI: 0.02-0.26) and CLP over CP (8.52, 3.23-22.50);' 'I am concerned about my child being able to speak well', associated with CP (3.12, 1.07-9.11) and CLP (5.69, 2.43-13.33) over CL, and 'I am worried that the child could suffer due to his/her appearance', associated with CL over CP (0.08, 0.02-0.29) and CLP over CP (10.07, 13.78-27.36). Parents' concerns were influenced by cleft type.

Evaluation of mothers’ opinions on appetite and body shape perception of their children

ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to evaluate how mothers perceived the appetite and body shape of their children using gender- and age-specific development sketches. Study designThe study design used in the study is a single-centred descriptive study. MethodsWe included 153 children aged 2–14 years and their mothers who attended family medicine polyclinic outpatient services, for any reason, at the University of Health Sciences, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, between February 2019 and April 2019. Weight and height measurements of both the children and their mothers were taken. In addition, the mothers completed the sociodemographic data form and were asked to select an image from the gender- and age-specific development sketches that best represented their child's body shape. Participants were divided into four groups by their body mass index (BMI) in accordance with criteria from the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Results were compared using appropriate statistical procedures. ResultsA significant weak positive correlation was observed between maternal BMI and child BMI (r = 0.166, P = 0.041). When the maternally perceived BMI (determined by the age-specific development sketches) was compared with the actual BMI values of children, mothers perceived their underweight children to be in higher BMI groups, whereas the overweight and obese children were perceived to be in lower BMI groups. The results were similar when the same comparison was made for the mother's expectation (i.e. the body shape the mother desired for their child). ConclusionsWhen mothers were asked to visually evaluate the body shape of their children, their responses were inaccurate compared with both the actual data and the researcher's evaluation. Obtaining verbal assessments from mothers about their children (e.g. an assessment of the child's bodily appearance) is important for physicians to make correct referrals and also for public health policies. It is valuable for mothers to correctly interpret the weight status of their children, thus enabling early diagnosis and treatment, and preventing future health consequences.

TV 애니메이션 등장인물에 대한 유아의 외형적 선호요인 분석 : 냉장고 나라 코코몽을 중심으로

본 연구의 목적은 유아용 애니메이션 등장인물의 외형적인 선호요인을 파악하는 것이다. 이를 위해 유아들의 선호도가 높았던 TV애니메이션 [냉장고 나라 코코몽] 등장인물들의 외형적인 요인을 분석하고, [냉장고 나라 코코몽]을 보여준 후 유아들과의 면담을 통해서 등장인물의 외현적 선호요인에 대한 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 유아들의 선호요인은 의인화, 얼굴, 색채, 장식적 요소, 날씬한 몸 등으로 나타났다. 이러한 애니메이션 등장인물의 외현적인 선호요소가 유아용 애니메이션 캐릭터 개발에 반영된다면 유아들의 선호도 향상에 도움이 될 것이다. 본 연구는 애니메이션 캐릭터 개발의 기초 연구로써 유아들이 흥미를 유발시킬 수 있는 유아용 애니메이션 개발에 이바지할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

A pilot study of family-based management of behavioral excesses in young Iranian children with autism spectrum disorder.

Parent-mediated early behavioral interventions are considered as effective approaches in the treatment of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The majority of these interventions focus on social-communication deficits rather than behavioral excesses which severely irrupt child and family social life as well as the child's appearance behavior and learning processes. The study examines the effectiveness and feasibility of Family-based Management of Behavioral Excesses of Autism Program (FMBEAP) on Iranian families. This pre-post and follow-up intervention study involved 17 parents of children with DSM-5 diagnosis of ASD recruited from Tehran Autism Center. All parents conducted FMBEAP on their children while receiving 10-weekly group supervision on top of everyday on-line individual coaching. The study's measures were Repetitive Behavior Scale-R, video-monitoring of child-parent Interaction, Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale, Parental Self-Efficacy and Parenting Stress Index-short form. The measures were applied to the sample three times: pre and post-intervention and at one-month follow-up. The Results showed high and low order behavioral excesses significantly decreased at post-intervention and the follow-up. 15 out of 17 children reached to recovered or highly recovered at post-test. Parents showed significant improvements in self-efficacy and parenting stress scales. The intervention was highly accepted by them. FMBEAP is shown to be a feasible, acceptable and effective intervention to improve autistic behavioral. The parents should also benefit from the program in terms of self-efficacy and parenting stress. FMBEAP is highly recommended for overcoming behavioral excesses along with those interventions focus on behavioral deficits in ASD.

Occlusal traits of 4-5-year-old Estonians. Parents' perception of orthodontic treatment need and satisfaction with dental appearance.

This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of occlusal traits and to assess parents'/caregivers' satisfaction with child's dental appearance and perception of orthodontic treatment need in 4–5‐year‐old Estonians. Clinical records and plaster casts of 390 children (190 girls and 200 boys, mean age 4.7 years, range 4 – 5 years) were analyzed. Assessed occlusal traits included deciduous canine and second molar sagittal relationship, overjet, overbite, crowding, midline diastema, crossbite, and scissor bite. Parents'/caregivers' opinions regarding their child's teeth were determined with a questionnaire. The most prevalent occlusal traits were symmetrical sagittal relationship in deciduous canines (78.2%) and molars (75.1%), Class I sagittal relationship in deciduous canines (69.7%) and midline diastema (67.7%). Asymmetrical sagittal canine relationship was registered in 21.8% deciduous canines and in 24.9% second deciduous molars. Parents'/caregivers' perceived orthodontic treatment need was related to Class III sagittal relationship in canines, increased overjet and overbite, negative overbite, and crossbite. Prevalence of most occlusal traits in Estonian children were in line with those reported in neighboring countries. Parents/caregivers were well able to observe occlusal traits that deviated from acceptable occlusion.

Parent-Child Physical Resemblance as Cues of Man's Paternity.

The article presents the hypothesis that in the formation of judgements about a man’s biological fatherhood based on similarity of physical characteristics, people may take into consideration not only the similarity of father to child, but also of mother to child. The objective of the experiment was to conduct an initial investigation of that assumption. In the experiment, participants were presented with descriptions in which information was manipulated concerning the similarity of child to mother vs. to father vs. to neither of them. A total of 312 students of both sexes took participation in the experiment, having agreed to take part in a short psychological study immediately after classes were over. They were asked to read some short stories and to give their opinion as to whether the man described is the biological father of the child. It turned out that in conditions where the child’s appearance was dissimilar to both of the parents, the participants doubted the biological parenthood of the father. In conditions where the child was similar to the mother, the certainty of participants that the man was the biological father was as high as in conditions where the story indicated that the child was similar to him. The results thus suggest that information about a child’s similarity to its mother may, in some situations, be significant in the formulation of judgements on the biological fatherhood of a man.