Natural Appearance Research Articles

Style-based Image Manipulation Using the StyleGAN2-Ada Architecture

Style-based image manipulation is to fuse the types of two arbitrary images, which is a popular task in computer vision. StyleGAN is a sophisticated architecture for generating images of high qualities. The framework allows the generator to operate on a latent space that is disentangled and allows us to do scale-specific manipulation on the semantic information of the generated images. In this paper, the author managed to fuse the styles of two given images on a controllable degree. The resultant images have natural appearances approximating real human portraits. Our method provides qualitative results for style-fusion of two given images, which achieves satisfy. Since StyleGAN offers an unraveled latent space representing disentangled semantics, the author hopes to use it on tasks like GAN inversion and manipulate images in a fine-grained control, which is the future work.

Earlobe reconstruction with an inferior pedicle flap

This article describes an inferior pedicle flap for earlobe reconstruction. The inferior pedicle flap was designed and marked according to the shape and size of the normal earlobe. The required flap was raised and folded to constitute a new earlobe and then sutured to the incised inferior edge of the earlobe defect. The donor site was directly closed. The reconstructed earlobe featured reliable vascularization and resulted in a natural appearance. No skin graft was needed for the donor site. The postoperative scars are short and concealed. The inferior pedicle flap is expected to provide a new idea for earlobe reconstruction.

Cyclic Pólya Ensembles on the Unitary Matrices and their Spectral Statistics

A framework to study the eigenvalue probability density function for products of unitary random matrices with an invariance property is developed. This involves isolating a class of invariant unitary matrices, to be referred to as cyclic Pólya ensembles, and examining their properties with respect to the spherical transform on $$\mathrm U(N)$$ . Included in the cyclic Pólya ensemble class are Haar invariant unitary matrices, the circular Jacobi ensemble, known in relation to the Fisher-Hartwig singularity in the theory of Toeplitz determinants, as well as the heat kernel for Brownian motion on the unitary group. We define cyclic Pólya frequency functions and show their relation to the cyclic Pólya ensembles, and give a uniqueness statement for the corresponding weights. The natural appearance of bilateral hypergeometric series is highlighted, with this special function playing the role of the Meijer G-function in the transform theory of unitary invariant product of positive definite matrices. We construct a family of functions forming bi-orthonormal pairs which underly the correlation kernel of the corresponding determinantal point processes, and furthermore obtain an integral formula for the correlation kernel involving just two of these functions.

Cartilage-Sparing Otoplasty: A New Approach.

Ear protrusion is the primary indication for otoplasty. Many methods have been developed for addressing this defect, based on cartilage-scoring and excision and suture-fixation techniques. Disadvantages include irreversible distortion of the anatomy, irregularities, or overcorrection, or forward bulging of the conchal bowl. One of the most common long-term sequelae of otoplasty is an unsatisfactory result. A novel, cartilage-sparing, suture-based technique has been developed that aims to minimize the risk of complications and provide a natural-appearing aesthetic result. The method is based on two to three key sutures that shape the concha into the desired natural appearance while preventing a conchal bulge, which otherwise could appear if no cartilage is removed. Furthermore, these sutures support the neo-antihelix created by four further sutures anchored to the mastoid fascia, thus achieving the two main goals of otoplasty. The sparing of cartilaginous tissue means that the procedure is reversible if needed. In addition, permanent postoperative stigmata, pathologic scarring, and anatomical deformity can be avoided. This technique was used on 91 ears in 2020 and 2021, with only one ear (1.1%) requiring revision. Rates of complications or recurrence were low. The presented technique appears to be a rapid and safe method for treating the prominent ear deformity, providing aesthetically pleasing results.

Multiplanar (4-Dimension) Breast Augmentation—A Personal Surgical Concept for Dynamic Implant-Tissue Interaction Providing Sustainable Shape Stability

In esthetic breast augmentation long-term shape stability and natural appearance remain an ongoing challenge. The authors found that to reduce the incidence of secondary deformity and increase the natural feel and appearance, a standard multiplanar procedure combining a subfascial and dual plane approach with fasciotomies will provide long-term stability and esthetic quality. The technique involves a submuscular dissection, release of the infranipple portion of the pectoralis muscle combined with the wide subfascial release of the breast gland, and scoring of the deep plane of the superficial glandular fascia. For long-term stability, a firm fixation of the glandular fascia at the inframammary fold to the deep layer of the abdomino-pectoral fascia is critical. Long-term results were analyzed for up to 10 years. Postoperative measurements proved the intrinsic balance of the breasts without significant changes over time. The overall complication rate was <5%. Shape stability was observed over 10 years in more than 95% of the patients. Unsightly muscular animation could be avoided in almost every patient. Our results indicate that a technique of multiplane breast augmentation provides long-term stability and esthetic quality. By combining the benefits of well-established techniques of a submuscular dual plane, additional shaping through a controlled deep fasciotomy and stable inframammary fold fixation some of the existing tradeoffs of the different methods can be avoided.

Influence of Restoration Thickness and Resin Cement on Translucency and Color of Different Types of Monolithic Zirconia and Lithium Disilicate Ceramic.

In recent years, high esthetic expectations and natural appearance demands from patients have increased the popularity of ceramic restorations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of restoration thicknesses and different resin cement brands on the translucency and final color of different types of monolithic zirconia and lithium disilicate ceramics. A total of 160 disc-shaped specimens (10-mm diameter; 1 mm, or 1.5 mm thick) were produced using different types of monolithic zirconia (Katana Zirconia UTML, Katana Zirconia ML, Katana Zirconia STML Blocks; Kuraray) and lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) (n = 40 discs per material, with 20 discs per thickness). Two different brands of dual-cured resin cements (RelyX Ultimate, 3M ESPE; and BisCem, Bisco) were applied to the specimen surfaces. The translucency and color changes of the lithium disilicate and monolithic zirconia ceramics were examined before and after cementation using a spectrophotometer. Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the resin cement brand and ceramic thickness variation influenced the translucency and final color of the monolithic zirconia and lithium disilicate ceramic specimens.

Modified Diamond-Shaped Umbilicoplasty in Abdominoplasty.

The aim in umbilicoplasty is to obtain a scar that is less visible, the appropriate navel shape and depth. In our study, we aimed to achieve a more natural and younger appearance of the navel which significantly affects the aesthetic result after abdominoplasty. Modification of diamond-shaped umbilicoplasty technique and clinical results were evaluated. Fifty-three patients were included in the study. Modified diamond-shaped umbilicoplasty was performed in 21 patients, and diamond-shaped umbilicoplasty was performed in 32 patients. Demographic data, complications, revision surgery, and follow-up periods of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Different from the standard technique, we deepithelialized the diamond-shaped skin over the abdomen flap and designed four triangular flaps. Then, the navel was inset over these four flaps. Forty-six (86.8%) of the patients were females and 7 (13.2%) were males, with a mean age of 39.49 ± 9.18 years, ranging from 22 to 57 years. Complications were occurred in 9 patients in total. There was no difference between groups in complication rates. The mean VAS value of the patients in the MDSU group was 9.48 ± 0.75, it was 8.28 ± 0.99 in the DSU group, and the difference was statistically significant (p:0.001). The mean age of the MDSU group was found to be significantly higher than the DSU group (p:0.008). The BMI of the MDSU group was found to be significantly higher between two groups (p:0.009). In our study, there was no difference between the complication rates of the two techniques. Therefore, MDSU is a reliable technique. High VAS score of the patients of MDSU was statistically significant. This shows that this modification provides good aesthetic results. Modified diamond-shaped umbilicoplasty is easy to perform and provides better aesthetic results. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL PADA KONSEP KENAMPAKAN ALAM MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING JIGSAW DI KELAS 3 SDN KUBANG KEMIRI

This research is a Classroom Action Research, carried out collaboratively between researchers, observers, and the subjects studied. The purpose of this study was to improve social studies learning outcomes for third grade students through the application of the jigsaw learning model. The subjects of this study were 35 students of class III at SDN Kubang Kemiri. This research was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four main actions, namely planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. And held two meetings each cycle. At the end of each cycle a test is held using the question instrument. The results showed that there was an increase in the acquisition of the average student score, namely the first cycle obtained a value of .65, and the second cycle 75. Likewise, from the results of observations of student activity there was an increase. The first cycle is 17, and the second cycle is 22. This study concludes that the application of the jigsaw learning model can improve student learning outcomes in Social Science Subject Subject Natural Appearance Class III SDN Kubang Kemiri. In addition, this learning model also increases student participation and learning activities in the learning process

Design of Decorative Wooden Wall Panels from Sliced Pedunculate Slavonian Oak (Quercus robur L.) from Veneer Production Residue

The growing awareness of nature conservation encourages producers, engineers, and designers to contribute to the rational and innovative use of raw materials. Sustainable development is imperative, symbolizing the balance between meeting the needs of the present generations without compromising the needs of future ones. The aim of this paper is to investigate the production process of cut veneer of Pedunculate Slavonian oak (Quercus robur L.) and which parts of the logs are lost or thrown in the production of cut veneer, to analyze the increase in the use of veneers that currently represent residue in processing, and to propose directions of designing a new product from the analyzed residue—decorative wall panels. The research was conducted in the company Spačva Ltd. in Vinkovci, Vukovar-Srijem County, Croatia, in 2021/2022. The findings emphasize that the vast majority of unused veneers, considered technologically unacceptable in the production process, can be decoratively and visually desirable due to their natural appearance in the design of a new product. By analyzing and applying the design principles and elements, natural phenomena were applied to the veneers that represent the basic motif of the new decorative wall panels. The initial solutions of the decorative wall coverings made of veneer with a natural appearance and the solution from other wood residues from production are shown. The results of this study have potentially far-reaching implications for wood product manufacturers and demonstrate the importance of applying design in wood technology to reduce residue, demonstrating that residue from standard production can be designed into an innovative, sustainable product that reduces environmental damage.

Vertical mattress suture applied as "tension band fixation" for the antihelix creation and prominent ear treatment: 104 case reports

BackgroundProminent ears were the most common auricular deformity. Different surgical techniques, such as cartilage-cutting techniques and suturing techniques, are available for treatment. The horizontal mattress suture technique, represented by the Mustard technique, is widely accepted, while the vertical mattress suture technique is rarely discussed in otoplasty. MethodA total of 104 cases of prominent ear deformities were treated from January 2017 to December 2020. Several hypothetical "tension bands" perpendicular to the natural curvature of the antihelix were introduced for the surgical design and determination of the position of the antihelix fixation, and vertical mattress sutures were placed accordingly for the auricular cartilage fixation. ResultFollow-up ranged from 3 months to 2 years. No complications, such as hematoma, infection, or poor wound healing, were observed. Three patients had recurrence within two months post operation, and one complained about the overfolded antihelix. Three cases had suture exposure, but the shape of the auricle was not affected after suture removal. The surgical result was evaluated according to the overall shape of the auricle, including the shape of the antihelix, the improvement of the prominent, the surgical marks, and the bilateral symmetry. A total of 98 patients (94.23%) rated the results as "very satisfactory" or "satisfactory". ConclusionThe vertical mattress suture applied as "tension band fixation" could provide stable cartilage fixation with the natural appearance of the antihelix formation. In addition, the technique could fit a wide range of indications with a low risk of complication and reoccurrence.

Souriau’s Animal Aesthetics In Context: Nature, Sensibility, and Form

The work defines three aspects of Souriau’s animal aesthetics by stressing their relevance in the context of early and contemporary ethology: in (1), the concept «biological nature» which is interpreted by Souriau as a realm of appearances and as intrinsically aesthetic; in (2), the concept of animal sensibility, which makes it possible to reframe animals’ artistic behaviours and the sense by which such phenomena establish a meaningful relationship with the environment; in (3), the concept of form, in the description of natural appearances, is presented as it enters into the process of institution that, accordingly to Souriau’s interpretation of biological nature, encompasses non-human animals and humans. All three definitions will allow us a), to present Souriau’s critique of anthropomorphism and his proposal of an «healthy» zoomorphism; b) to reformulate animals’ sensibility in a non-reductionistic fashion; and finally, c) to address the issue with the supposedly sole communicative function of animal artistic behaviors.

Stem Cell-Enriched Hybrid Breast Reconstruction Reduces Risk for Capsular Contracture in a Hybrid Breast Model.

Hybrid breast reconstruction (HBR) combines silicone implants with fat grafting to improve implant coverage, treating local tissue deficiencies and leading to a more natural breast appearance. Recent data also indicated less capsular contracture after HBR. The authors developed a novel technique and animal model of cell-assisted (CA) HBR to illuminate its effects on capsular contracture. Animals received silicone implants in a dorsal submuscular pocket. Although animals of the HBR group received fat grafting around the implant without stem cell enrichment, rats of the CA-HBR1 and the CA-HBR2 groups received stem cell-enriched fat grafting with 2 × 10 6 and 4 × 10 6 adipose-derived stem cells immediately after implant insertion. On day 60, animals underwent sonography and elastography imaging and were euthanized, and outcome analysis was performed by means of histology, immunohistochemistry, chemical collagen quantification, and gene expression analysis. With this novel technique, long-term survival of adipose-derived stem cells within the implant pocket was demonstrated after 60 days after implant insertion. CA-HBR led to significantly reduced thickness and collagen density of capsular contractures. In addition, CA-HBR resulted in reduced fibrotic responses with less occurrence of collagen type I and transforming growth factor-β in capsule tissue. Moreover, the addition of stem cells suppressed fibrotic and inflammatory responses on a genetic level with significant underexpression of collagen type I and transforming growth factor-β1. With this new technique and animal model, the authors observed a preventive effect on capsular contracture substantiating the basis of clinical outcomes of HBR. The authors propose that the addition of stem cells to HBR might booster its beneficial results. Stem cell-enriched fat grafting around silicone implants may reduce the risk for capsular contracture after silicone breast implantation. While fat grafting alone already shows beneficial effects, the addition of stem cells to the fat graft can potentiate this effect.

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Game Pilah Sampah dalam Meningkatkan Rasa Peduli Lingkungan Siswa pada Materi Kenampakan Alam di Kelas IV SD

The purpose of this research is to develop learning media based on waste sorting games. This development research was carried out using the Research &amp; Development development model developed by Sugiyono through ten stages, namely potentials and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product trial, product revision, usage trial, product revision, and product resulting from. The target of this research is the fourth grade elementary school students who are studying natural appearance material. The results of this study are that the development of learning media is very interactive and can be used as a supporting medium to increase students' sense of environmental care.

Abdominopelvic CT Image Quality: Evaluation of Thin (0.5-mm) Slices Using Deep Learning Reconstruction.

BACKGROUND. Because thick-section images (typically 3-5 mm) have low image noise, radiologists typically use them to perform clinical interpretation, although they may additionally refer to thin-section images (typically 0.5-0.625 mm) for problem solving. Deep learning reconstruction (DLR) can yield thin-section images with low noise. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to compare abdominopelvic CT image quality between thin-section DLR images and thin- and thick-section hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) images. METHODS. This retrospective study included 50 patients (31 men and 19 women; median age, 64 years) who underwent abdominopelvic CT between June 15, 2020, and July 29, 2020. Images were reconstructed at 0.5-mm section using DLR and at 0.5-mm and 3.0-mm sections using HIR. Five radiologists independently performed pairwise comparisons (0.5-mm DLR and either 0.5-mm or 3.0-mm HIR) and recorded the preferred image for subjective image quality measures (scale, -2 to 2). The pooled scores of readers were compared with a score of 0 (denoting no preference). Image noise was quantified using the SD of ROIs on regions of homogeneous liver. RESULTS. For comparison of 0.5-mm DLR images and 0.5-mm HIR images, the median pooled score was 2 (indicating a definite preference for DLR) for noise and overall image quality and 1 (denoting a slight preference for DLR) for sharpness and natural appearance. For comparison of 0.5-mm DLR and 3.0-mm HIR, the median pooled score was 1 for the four previously mentioned measures. These assessments were all significantly different (p < .001) from 0. For artifacts, the median pooled score for both comparisons was 0, which was not significant for comparison with 3.0-mm HIR (p = .03) but was significant for comparison with 0.5-mm HIR (p < .001) due to imbalance in scores of 1 (n = 28) and -1 (slight preference for HIR, n = 1). Noise for 0.5-mm DLR was lower by mean differences of 12.8 HU compared with 0.5-mm HIR and 4.4 HU compared with 3.0-mm HIR (both p < .001). CONCLUSION. Thin-section DLR improves subjective image quality and reduces image noise compared with currently used thin- and thick-section HIR, without causing additional artifacts. CLINICAL IMPACT. Although further diagnostic performance studies are warranted, the findings suggest the possibility of replacing current use of both thin- and thick-section HIR with the use of thin-section DLR only during clinical interpretations.

Development of Thickness-Dependent Predictive Methods for the Estimation of the CIEL*a*b* Color Coordinates of Monolithic and Layered Dental Resin Composites.

Usually, dentin and enamel shades are layered in dental restorations with the purpose of mimicking the natural appearance of teeth. The main objective of this study was to develop and assess accuracy of a color-prediction method for both monolithic and layered dental resin-based composites with varying shades and under different illuminants. A total of 15 different shades of VITAPAN Excell, VITAPAN Dentine and VITA Physiodens as well as VITA Enamel of five different thicknesses (0.5-2.5 mm range) were used to manufacture monolithic and layered samples. A non-contact spectroradiometer with CIE 45∘/0∘ geometry was used to measure the color of all samples over a standard ceramic black background. Second-degree polynomial regression was used as predictive method for CIE-L*a*b* color coordinates. Performance of predictive models was tested using the CIEDE2000 total color difference formula (ΔE00), while accuracy was evaluated by comparative assessment of ΔE00 with corresponding 50:50% acceptability (AT00) and perceptibly (PT00) thresholds for dentistry. A mean color difference between measured (real) and predicted color of ΔE00=1.71, with 62.86% of the color differences below AT00 and 28.57% below PT00, was registered for monolithic samples. For bi-layered samples, the mean color difference was roughly ΔE00=0.50, with generally 100% and more than 85% of the estimations below AT00 and PT00, respectively. The predictive method allowed highly accurate color estimations for both monolithic and layered dental resin-based composites with varying thicknesses and under different illuminations. These results could be useful to maximize the clinical success of dental restorations.

Finch: Prosthetic Arm With Three Opposing Fingers Controlled by a Muscle Bulge.

Forearm amputees can use body-powered hooks and myoelectric hands for their daily activities. The body-powered hooks are suitable for delicate manipulation. However, their appearance is not always preferred by amputees, and a harness to pull a control cable is not easy to wear. Although the myoelectric hands have a natural appearance similar to the human hand and can be intuitively controlled by a myoelectric control system, they are not easy to try out and are heavy. This paper reports on the Finch, a prosthetic arm with three opposing fingers controlled by a muscle bulge. The aim of developing the Finch is to realize a lightweight prosthetic arm that is easy to wear and use. Three opposing fingers are controlled according to the degree of muscle bulge measured with a muscle bulge sensor on the user's forearm caused by muscle contraction. A supporter socket, consisting of a resin socket frame and a fabric supporter, allows easy fitting. A simple design using a linear actuator and 3D-printed parts achieved light weight (330 g) and low cost. Six functional tests and user tests using Southampton Hand Assessment Procedure showed that the Finch had a practical function that could be used in daily activities.

РЕВИЗИЯ ФАУНЫ ПТИЦ ДОЛИНЫ ГЕЙЗЕРОВ НА КАМЧАТКЕ: ВИДОВОЙ СОСТАВ, ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭКОЛОГИИ

In this paper, the author presents revision of the investigations of birds from the Valley of Geysers in Kamchatka, which summarizes data obtained for the past 50 years. According to the latest revision, the avifauna of this region includes 91 species (53 nesting species). There are no region-specific species. The discovery and status of the Grey crowned Rosy finch (Leucosticte tephrocotis) requires a reliable verification. The high species diversity of birds in a small area (31.5 km2) may be explained by the biotope diversity in the area, which is associated with the geothermal activity at the border of forest and subalpine vegetation. The weighted average bird population density is 211.8 pairs/km2. Its appearance is subalpine with a small proportion of forest species. Twelve (12) species are listed in the Red Data Books of Russia and (or) Kamchatka. The most significant findings are the regular wintering of the Solitary Snipe (Gallinago solitaria), the possible reproduction of the Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) and Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus), the background status of the Rustic Bunting (Ocyris rusticus). The mudflow that passed through the Geysernaya Valley on June 7, 2007 had a catastrophic impact on the natural appearance of the central part of the Valley of Geysers. Variants of its effects on birds are discussed. Geothermal activity determines the possibility of wintering of a number of species in subalpine harsh conditions, a shift in the timing of periodic events in the life of birds, including earlier reproduction, the possibility of nesting on extremely warm ground, behavioral characteristics during incubation and other features of bird ecology.

Flexible Dentures: Materials, Properties, and Patients Satisfaction

Tooth loss, stemming from a variety of causes such as trauma, dental decay, gum diseases, and oral pathologies, extends its impact beyond physical discomfort, infiltrating psychological, functional, and aesthetic realms. Modern advances in dentistry provide an array of solutions for restoring partially edentulous mouths, tailored to individual patient needs. Options encompass removable partial dentures (RPDs), fixed bridges, and dental implants, each offering distinct advantages. RPDs, while a cost-effective choice, may face limitations with metal-based solutions due to poor mechanical properties and insertion challenges in undercut areas. Acrylic-based RPDs, while economical, can pose discomfort over time, failing to adapt to mouth contours. Flexible dentures however are a comfortable, adaptable alternative crafted from flexible thermoplastic materials like polyamides. These materials deliver strength, aesthetics, and biocompatibility, enhancing patient comfort and providing a natural appearance. This study taps into prominent medical databases like PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane, utilizing an extensive range of medical terminology combinations to yield insights valuable to dental professionals and researchers. The flexible denture materials, particularly polyamides, present a pioneering avenue for prosthodontics, delivering a fusion of strength and aesthetics. Characteristics like high creep resistance and solvent resistance confer wear resistance and strength, counterbalanced by challenges related to absorbency and thermal expansion. Patient satisfaction studies favor flexible dentures for functional comfort and cleaning, even though aesthetics exhibit varying perceptions, with some patients favoring their translucency and adaptability, while others express a preference for acrylic dentures.

Aesthetic Rehabilitation with Veneers Using Digital Precision: A Case Report

Smiling is an essential aspect of daily life, and a confident smile can greatly impact an individual's self-esteem. Aesthetic correction of the anterior teeth poses a challenge in dentistry, particularly in cases where there is spacing between the teeth. This can lead to a lack of confidence and negatively affect a person's self-image. Laminate veneers, a cosmetic dental procedure, involve attaching a thin layer of porcelain or resin composite material to the surface of a tooth. Compared to conventional methods, digital technology offers greater precision and efficiency in placing laminate veneers. Computerised templates guide the teeth preparation process, ensuring minimal tooth structure removal and accurate fitting of the veneers. The present report presents a case (43-year-old female patient) of spacing in the maxillary anterior that was corrected using a minimally invasive technique with laminate veneers and a fully digital workflow using lithium disilicate. The use of this material enhances the aesthetics of the patient's smile, requiring minimal tooth reduction and providing a natural appearance. The paper also includes a nine-month follow-up. Incorporating digital technology in the creation and placement of laminate veneers offers numerous benefits, including improved accuracy, reduced turnaround time, and the ability for patients to preview their enhanced smile.

Development, Evaluation, and Comparison of an Indigenous ‘APDS’ AI-based Digital Application for Effective Shade Selection of Silicone Maxillofacial Prosthesis: Protocol for A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Reconstruction of maxillofacial defects is challenging in achieving aesthetic results. Replicating natural skin colour in maxillofacial prosthesis has been traditionally done using trial-and-error methods. However, with their respective limitations, multiple methods have been developed recently, like colourimeter and spectrophotometer. Need for the study: The natural appearance of the prosthesis affects the patient’s emotional and psychological well-being. Therefore, aesthetics is a prime concern now. So, the problem with colour matching of the maxillofacial prosthesis is profound. So, there is a need to develop customised shade guides and more advanced digitised shade-matching applications with Artificial Intelligence (AI) help. Therefore, a concoction of a customised silicon shade guide was contemplated with Advanced Programme in Data Sciences (APDS) AI-based digital application, and its reproducibility in clinical practice will be analysed. Aim: Phase 1- To develop and validate a customised broad spectrum silicon shade guide and APDS AI-based digital application on a survey of the Indian population. Phase 2- Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of indigenous APDS AI-based digital application with available shade guide systems for shade selection for silicone maxillofacial prosthesis. Methodology: A cross-sectional study. The shade guide will be fabricated with medical grade room temperature vulcanising silicone based on an observational survey. The shade guide will consist of three main groups ABC, divided into different subgroups from lighter to darker skin shades, and its accuracy evaluation is done by spectrophotometer. APDS AI-based digital application will be developed using reference from broadspectrum customised maxillofacial shade guide, and efficacy will be evaluated with visual assessment of colour matching by fabricating facial veneers for participants through investigators to investigate the consent of perfect colour match. Data will be statistically analysed.