The adult males in rural Appalachian families have been under pressure to change their roles to meet the demands of modern society. This paper looks at the male role derived from the traditional folk culture, the male's place within the family, the pressure for change, and the various role structures that have developed and their impact on family life. Suggestions for intervention programming are discussed. There have been profound changes in the Southern Appalachian family within the past 20-30 years due, in great part, to industrialization and its concomitant modernization of the region. Our specific focus in this paper will be on the changing role of adult males within the isolated rural low-income family system, especially the provider role. Implicit are the effects that this role has on other male roles such as child rearing and sexual partner.
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