Apartment Housing Complexes Research Articles

아파트단지 피트니스센터의 실내공기질 측정분석

The purpose of this study is finding out the indoor air quality and its relevant factors of fitness centers located in apartment housing complexes, while also suggesting plans for improving the air quality of these centers. Indoor air quality was examined in each of the four fitness centers in the apartment housing complexes over the course of one day, during the service hours of 12 PM to 8 PM, from the month of February 2019 to March 2019. Indoor concentration levels of PM10, CO₂, CO, HCHO, TVOC were measured, and background elements such as indoor temperature and relative humidity were also measured. The interviews with the managers of these fitness centers and the field observation recordings were conducted simultaneously on the measuring day. The recordings observed are a variety of conditions which may affect indoor air quality, such as the number of users, the ventilation system operation, the period of window being opened, and other factors. The results showed that the concentrations of PM10, CO₂, TVOC were higher than the legal standard in particular spaces at certain times of day. From the analysis, it appears that the most relevant factors affecting indoor air quality was the operation status and the filter maintenance level of ventilation system. Therefore, this study suggests that managers should operate the ventilation system continuously and change the filter periodically, and that related regulations for keeping healthy indoor air in apartment complex fitness centers should be established.

A Study on the Possibility of Using the Community Facilities in Apartment Housing Complex for Aging in Place to the Elderly

Recently, in Korea, interest in the residential environment for practicing the Aging in Place has increased. The AIP is based on housing provision and care services. The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of linking residential environments with care services. This study using the Contents Analysis method to explore the possibility of a caring environment used the community facilities in the apartment housing complex. This study’s results are as follows. First, welfare trends have been derived from the integration and linkage of related ministries and service contents for care, the generalization of caregivers, and comprehensiveness of service contents. Second, the function of the current care service is not a service that requires specialized facilities, so it can be installed in the community facilities of the apartment. Third, the community facilities in a private and public apartment have legal differences in the user and type of facilities, also the community facilities in a private apartment are uniformity. The welfare service facilities in a public apartment can accommodate care services, and the similarity of types of community facilities in a private apartment is an easy condition for accepting care services. Finally, the existing public apartment housing laws are already implementing a phased community facility system. Such a facility system requires amendment of laws and regulations that extend to the private sector.

Study of Communication & Social Space at ‘Salons’ in the Aged Society of Japan

The purpose of this study is to understand the meaning and role of salons, a social space operating in Japan, which has recently become a super-aged society. The data for this study were collected through a literature review and through field visits. The literature survey analyzed 23 cases of salons in detached housing areas, and the field survey was conducted at salons in five apartment housing complexes with an elderly ratio of more than 40 percent in Tokyo, Japan. The survey details include the use of salons, operation methods, modification status, appearance characteristics of buildings, facilities and spaces, and activities. According to the analysis of the 23 salons in the detached housing area, the uses of these spaces included child care, rest for caregivers, multi-purpose utilization for conversations and meetings, hobby activities, a library, and a gallery. There were multiple functions of the five salons at the apartment housing complexes, included for conversations, gatherings, meals, and to obtain information. Based on Japan"s various salons, it is believed that the use of idle resources such as salons in the regions under study can continue to have the effect of preventing social problems such as loneliness caused by the isolation of the elderly to realize a more prepared aged society in the future.

The Effects of the Layouts of Vegetation and Wind Flow in an Apartment Housing Complex to Mitigate Outdoor Microclimate Air Temperature

Previous studies have demonstrated that vegetation and increased air flow can mitigate air temperature by employing numerical models, satellite remote sensing or Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. This study aimed to examine how layouts of vegetation space and wind flow affect microclimate air temperature, which directly affects city dwellers’ thermal comfort in summer, in a real apartment housing complex in Seoul, South Korea. To do this, a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes model was utilized, combined with a finite volume method CFD simulation, and which measured transpirational cooling effects of vegetation by comprehensively considering air humidity by transpiration, as well as wind flow of the surroundings, to reflect actual conditions of urban environments. Based on the computational model, nine scenarios including elevated building designs were simulated. The findings of this study are as follows: First, different layouts of vegetation and wind flow clearly affected microclimate air temperature in the housing complex. Second, when the total area of vegetation was the same, it was more effective to reduce air temperature by placing it in small units rather than concentrating it in one place, and placing small vegetation spaces close to buildings was better than locating them between buildings. Third, it was apparent that an elevated space works as a wind path, leading to increasing wind velocity. However, it was revealed that wind flow does not always positively affect hot temperatures.

공동주택단지 현상설계에 나타난 접점공간 계획특성에 관한 연구 : 물리적 계획요소를 중심으로

공동주택단지 현상설계에 나타난 접점공간 계획특성에 관한 연구 : 물리적 계획요소를 중심으로

A Study on the Characteristics and Installation Status of Community Facilities in Apartment Housing Complexes according to Change of Housing Consciousness

A Study on the Characteristics and Installation Status of Community Facilities in Apartment Housing Complexes according to Change of Housing Consciousness

Deduction of Optimum Surface Design Factors for Enhancement of Outdoor Thermal Environment in a Micro-Scale Unit

To solve some of the problems associated with changing urban climates, such as the heat island effect, the exterior building skin and ground surfaces should be analyzed because they are directly exposed to the outdoor climate and have the greatest impact on energy consumption. Research is needed to identify design factors to improve the effect of a building’s skin in the outdoor summer season’s thermal environment. In this study, the current conditions of outdoor thermal environments were identified by conducting field measurements at an apartment housing complex. A simulation analysis was conducted based on cases that included different design factors for a building’s skin and ground surfaces. When the significance probability of the design factors for the surface plans for apartment buildings and surface cover was analyzed based on the Taguchi experimental design method, the window plan and surface cover plan influenced the outdoor thermal environment. Notably, the surface cover plan had the most significant impact on the outdoor thermal environment. The result of the analysis of the correlation between the design factors for an apartment complex’s surface plans and outdoor thermal environment indices showed that the window plan correlated with the entire surface temperature of building and heat island potential (HIP).

Assessing the relationship between house types and residential satisfaction in Tabriz, Iran

ABSTRACTThis research investigates the association between house type and residential satisfaction in terms of neighbourhood and dwelling acceptability to occupants. Using a questionnaire survey, 328 households were sampled to evaluate the perceived residential satisfaction among three major house types of single-unit houses, multi-unit apartment houses and housing complexes in Tabriz, Iran. One-way analysis of variance and categorical regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Data analysis indicated that a significant relationship exists between house type and residential satisfaction with respect to selected variables of building amenities, privacy of dwelling units, school accessibility, quality of access roads and satisfaction with neighbours. Results of regression analysis revealed that the main predictors of residential satisfaction are not the same for all house types. While neighbourhood characteristics are the main predictors of residential satisfaction for all house types in Tabriz, building characteristics impact only satisfaction of apartment residents. This study has implications for residential planning in Iran, and confirms the need for housing planners and development agencies to consider relevant aspects of users’ preferences, which include their quest for suitable house types, when conceptualizing housing designs and residential development.

Changes in Sunlight and Outdoor Thermal Environment Conditions Based on the Layout Plan of Flat Type Apartment Houses

Economic growths lead to population increases in large cities. This has brought about the growing necessity for apartment housing which has resulted in higher density populations living in high-rise apartment complexes. Therefore, the urban microclimate is aggravated due to the increasing ratio of artificial coverage and substandard daylight availability. To achieve a comfortable living environment and improve urban microclimates, a process considering the daylight availability and the outdoor thermal environment is required when designing apartment housing complexes. This study selected a total of 27 valid cases using an orthogonal array, L27(313) design of experiments (DOE). As a result of significance probability obtained in DOE analysis, the design factors that have an effect on the outdoor thermal environment and daylight availability were found to be building coverage ratio, distance between buildings, and azimuth. The rankings of the effect of design factors were shown to be in the order of azimuth > building coverage ratio > distance between buildings > floor area ratio > width/depth ratio. The surface temperature of the whole building decreased by 0.3 °C and Mean Radiant Temperature (MRT) decreased by 1.1 °C as a result of applying the greenery coverage ratio to apartment complexes. Heat Island Potential (HIP) also showed a decrease of 5.4 °C (at noon).

아파트 경로당의 공간특성에 대한 노인 평가 및 요구

It is not surprising that senior centers are widely used nationwide as Korea becomes an aging society. This study attempts to figure out senior citizens' needs and evaluations of senior centers in terms of characteristics of their usage and spatial composition. A face to face interview using a questionnaire was conducted on 255 senior citizens who has been using senior centers located in Jangyu new city apartment housing complex. The questionnaire is composed of questions asking characteristics of their usage, evaluations of spatial composition, and respondents' demographic data. Findings are: First, it is found that many respondents visit senior centers everyday and spend 4 to 6 hours a day. Their main activities are meeting friends, taking hobbies, and dining. That is, senior centers play a pivotal role in daily lives of senior citizens. Such characteristics should be taken into account in space design when planning to build a future senior center; Second, it is found that senior centers play a role of auxiliary space for building their sense of belonging and familarity. It is found that furnitures in senior centers are worn out and safety measures are not sufficiently considered; Third, it is found that they highly evaluate flexible spacial composition that could be partitioned or extended depending on occasions even though they prefer independent space; Fourth, it is found that kitchen facilities are not large enough considering the fact that more that half of the respondents have their lunches in senior centers. Even though they do not cook for themselves kitchen space should be large enough for preparing meals simultaneously for a large number people.

커뮤니티 활성화를 위한 주민공동시설 관련 법적 제도 개선방안에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study was to suggest improvements to the related regulations of community facilities for community activation by analyzing the current situations and problems of the related regulations of community facilities in apartment housing complexes. To provide the improvement, we took contents analysis about community facilities for activation of the community. We interviewed a national civil servant, a local civil servant and an employee at Daiwa house in Japan, and conducted a field survey of community facilities in Japan during July 20-23, 2010. The main findings of this study were as following; there were problems that the related regulations of community facilities didn`t reflect the characteristics of residents and community. Therefore, it was necessary to improve the related regulations to reflect the characteristics of residents and community. So the current standards were revised by local government ordinance. Community centers were not installed in each housing complex, but were installed to share with several housing complexes. Regional community centers are needed for activation of regional communities as with the Baycore Civil center.

공동주택단지 내 주민공동시설의 기준개선을 통한 커뮤니티 활성화방안에 대한 전문가 의견조사

The purpose of this study is to find out the problems of current housing construction standards related to community facilities and to suggest the vitalizing strategies that enhance the sense of community among the residents living in apartment housing complexes. For the purpose, three times small group workshops were executed during April 26~May 3, 2010 for 14 professionals in construction company, university, research institute, and housing management company. Based on the results of small group workshops, questionnaire survey for the 10 professionals was done during August 13~23, 2010 to find out the additional opinions about the revision of housing construction standards related to community facilities in apartment housing complexes. Respondents indicated that the current housing standards related to the types and the area of community facility are too strict to respond to the diverse characteristics and needs of residents. Professionals suggested the newly revised standards that sum up the whole area of community facilities instead of the existing standards that regulate the area of each community facility in an apartment housing complex. Also, they recommended the regional community center that include several facilities in one common community building.

Analysis on Weight Proportion of Eco-friendly Elements for the Development of Low-Carbon Green City: Case of Eco-Environment Certified Apartment Housing Complexes in the Metropolitan Newtown

Analysis on Weight Proportion of Eco-friendly Elements for the Development of Low-Carbon Green City: Case of Eco-Environment Certified Apartment Housing Complexes in the Metropolitan Newtown

아파트 단지 옥외생활공간에 대한 거주자 반응분석 연구

The purpose of this study is to survey the outdoor living space of apartment housing complexes in Daejeon area and to find out the degree of satisfaction, the frequency of use, the preference of facilities and the degree of importance. This study insists that the recognition about the residents` changing demands and interests be considered more important than the aesthetic design. Moreover, it can be proposed as the basic resource which can be used for the social demands. Therefore, various perspectives about the outdoor living space of apartment housing complexes can play an vital role in improving the design process and developing better residential environment.

Fundamental characteristics of laboratory scale model DC microgrid to exchange electric power from distributed generators installed in residential houses

AbstractThe DC microgrid is a novel power system using DC distribution in order to provide superhigh‐quality power. This DC system is suitable for DC‐output distributed generation and energy storage. In this research, we assumed one type of DC microgrid for residential houses (apartment house or housing complex). Each residence has a distributed generation facility such as a gas engine or fuel cell. These cogeneration facilities are connected to the DC power line, and the electricity from the cogeneration facilities can be shared among the residences. The hot water from the cogeneration facility is used in each residence. We constructed an experimental system based on this concept in our laboratory. We have studied the fundamental characteristics and the quality of the power supplied to the loads against several fluctuations or faults. The experimental results demonstrated that the system could supply high‐quality power to the loads despite sudden load variations and voltage sags of the utility grid. Afterwards, we moved the experimental system to an experimental apartment house (NEXT21). We studied the quality of power supply by using practical power lines, and confirmed that the system was also able to supply power to home appliances stably. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 172(3): 28–41, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20996

초고층 주상복합 건물의 하자 발생 유형 및 분석 연구

Recently, public interest in housing defects, such as construction errors, occupiers' complaints, faults in production, and so on, is increasing. In addition, the construction requirements of high-rise residential buildings have increased, due to the higher prices of urban areas, especially in metropolitan areas. While previous research has focused on the defects occurring in apartment housing complexes, research has not been carried out on the defects occurring in high-rise residential buildings. In this paper, the defects patterns and characteristics of high-rise residential buildings are examined and analyzed and a defect management plan is then suggested. In order to do this, we collected the defects data of high-rise residential buildings recorded by 2,299 of 2,327 occupants. The defect occurrence rate (DOR) in the residential area is 98.8%. The frequency rate of defect occurrence over the total defect occurrence since building completion is 63.28% during the first year, 24.63% (second year), 6.88% (third year), 2.27% (fourth year), and 2.53% (fifth year). The result of correlation analysis between work types showed that there is a relationship between the built-in furniture and electronics (F&E) and painting works, and the F&E and masonry works, such as marble finishing. We expect that this research will assist in the efforts to decrease the number of defects in high-rise buildings.

Fundamental Characteristics of Laboratory Scale Model DC Microgrid to Exchange Electric Power from Distributed Generations installed in Residential Houses

DC microgrid is a novel power system using dc distribution in order to provide a super high quality power. This dc system is suitable for dc output type distributed generations and energy storages. In this research, we assumed one type of the dc microgrids for residential houses (apartment house or housing complex). Each residence has a distributed generation such as gas engine or fuel cell. Those cogenerations are connected to the dc power line, and the electricity from the generations can be shared among the residences. The hot water from the cogeneration is used in each residence. We constructed an experimental system based on this concept in our laboratory. We have studied the fundamental characteristics and the quality of the supplied power to the loads against several fluctuations or faults. Experimental results demonstrated that the system could supply high quality power to the loads against a sudden load variation and a voltage sag of the utility grid. Afterwards, we moved the experimental system to an experimental apartment house (NEXT21). We studied the quality of the supplying power by using practical power line, and confirmed that the system was also able to supply a power to home appliances stably.

空家率等からみた公的賃貸集合住宅団地の立地環境とその評価

This research aims at evaluating location environment and conditions of the rental apartment housing complexes constructed by OSAKA Prefectural Housing Corporation, for the purpose of improving residential level and quality of the residential stocks. The apartment housing complexes are divided into groups with location conditions, vacancy rate and application rate. The results show that high popularity of housing complexes depends on their low vacancy rate, high application rate and well location conditions. Theory of quantification 1 is also used for analyzing the relationship between the vacancy rate of apartment housing complexes and their location conditions. Based on the research, it is submitted that some factors are available to evaluate rental apartment housing complexes such as house rent, time to the nearest station, location area, and living environment.

Lack of Association Between Medication Use and the Presence or Absence of Bacteriuria in Elderly Women

This study was undertaken to determine if there is an association between medication use and the presence or absence of bacteriuria in elderly ambulatory women. Of 198 women who participated in three urine culture surveys (every 6 months) during the 18-month study period, 66 (34.4%) had bacteriuria on at least one survey. Both univariate and multivariate analyses for the demographics, age, place of residence, and medication use (by drug class) revealed that only place of residence had a significant association with the presence or absence of bacteriuria. In this regard, bacteriuric subjects more commonly resided in the nursing home and less commonly lived in the apartment-house complex compared with nonbacteriuric subjects (P less than .05). Therefore, this study demonstrates that in elderly ambulatory women, medication use does not appear to be associated with the presence or absence of bacteriuria.

Politics and Planning in a Swedish Suburb

Abstract The technical achievements of Swedish community planners are widely admired, but very little is known about the political processes through which their innovations are achieved. This article examines a recent decision to construct a large apartment house complex in a Stockholm suburb. A group of citizens objected to the plan proposed by the local government, and a conflict broke out that was not resolved until a national minister intervened, more than three years after the original plan was put forward. Analysis of this conflict and its resolution is used here to reveal the institutional framework within which planning decisions are made, the values that come to be contested in such choices, and the processes of bargaining and goal-modification which structure community development. This analysis leads to some conclusions concerning the impact of political structure and process on the quality of local planning in Sweden.