Resection Of Aortic Wall Research Articles

P680 Aortic arch myxoma with multiple peripheral embolism.

Abstract We report an unusual localisation of myxoma, the most common primary cardiac neoplasm. A 58-year-old woman was admitted to surgery department with exacerbation of abdominal discomfort and symptoms of lower limb claudication.The abdominal CT showed embolism in the upper mesenteric artery arms with intestinal ischemia, in the minor renal arteries with kidney infarcts and in the minor arteries of lower extremities. She was urgently, succesfully operated and partial resection of the small intestine was performed. The chest angio-CT conducted three days after the operation revealed additional structure in the aortic arch. Local aortic arch dissection with a thrombus was initially suspected. Echocardiography showed homogenous tumor on the minor curvature of the aortic arch, with a base of 11 mm of width, reaching down with the blood stream towards the descending aorta. The aortic wall was linear, with no signs of dissection or atherosclerotic lesions, echogenicity indicated rather solid mass. The patient was operated cardiosurgically and tumor of a myxoma type was confirmed intraoperatively. Another, small tumor of the same type was found below isthmus, in a descending aorta. Partial resection of aortic arch, alloplasty of aortic arch with the use of a dacron prosthesis were performed. The tumor below the isthmus was removed, without resection of aortic wall, due to the high risk associated with the widening of the procedure. Multimodality imaging with the essential role of echocardiography is useful especially in differential diagnostics of the atypically localized tumors causing diffuse peripheral embolization. Abstract P680 Figure. Aortic arch myxoma tumor

Salvage esophagectomy combined with partial aortic wall resection following thoracic endovascular aortic repair.

Definitive chemoradiotherapy is useful for locally advanced esophageal cancer. However, salvage esophagectomy is required when residual or recurrent tumor is evident after chemoradiotherapy. We performed salvage esophagectomy combined with partial aortic wall resection after thoracic endovascular aortic repair for aortic invasion, and we evaluated the results. Four patients underwent esophagectomy combined with aortic wall resection after thoracic endovascular aortic repair because the lesion was diagnosed as stage T4b. We evaluated short-term outcomes, including duration of thoracic surgery, blood loss, duration of intubation, intensive care unit stay, and postoperative morbidity, as well as survival after salvage surgery. Lesions were resected with no intraoperative procedural adverse events. Mean thoracic operation time was 444min, and mean thoracic blood loss was 506g. In all patients, complete resection of the lesion was possible with no intraoperative adverse events. All patients were extubated on postoperative day 0, and all were discharged from the intensive care unit on postoperative day 1. One patient experienced grade II wound pain (bilateral chest pain), and another patient experienced difficult sputum expectoration (grade IIIA). The mean follow-up time was 19.8months, and two patients were alive with no disease recurrence at the time of this report. However, the remaining two patients had died secondary to lymph node metastasis. Salvage esophagectomy combined with partial aortic wall resection after thoracic endovascular aortic repair provides acceptable short-term outcomes. Future studies are needed to evaluate long-term survival and patient selection criteria.

P1.16-025 Safety of Simultaneous TEVAR and Combined Aortic Wall Resection at the Time of Lung Resection for T4 Lung Cancer Infiltrating the Aorta

P1.16-025 Safety of Simultaneous TEVAR and Combined Aortic Wall Resection at the Time of Lung Resection for T4 Lung Cancer Infiltrating the Aorta

Acute type A aortic dissection repair in elderly patients.

We evaluated our experience in acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) repair in elderly patients. The role of clinical presentation and surgical strategies in determining patients' outcome was further assessed. A retrospective analysis of patients over 75 years who underwent emergency repair of ATAAD at our institution during 2000-13 was performed. Forty-five patients (mean age = 79 ± 3 years; 26 females) were identified. Aortic dissection was complicated in 17 (37%) patients with new neurological deficit (n = 5), cardiac tamponade (n = 12), acute myocardial infarction (n = 5) and acute renal failure (n = 2). The ascending aorta was replaced in all patients and hypothermic circulatory arrest was employed in 22 patients. The aortic replacement needed extension to the hemiarch in 11 patients and the aortic valve was replaced in 9 patients; in 3 cases, full root replacement was performed. The in-hospital mortality rate was 15% (n = 7). Preoperative acute neurological deficit was the only independent risk factor for mortality (P = 0.03). Age >80 years old per se was not associated with a poor outcome. Surgical strategies and extension of aortic wall resection did not affect the operative mortality. The postoperative course was complicated in 23 (52%) patients. During the median follow-up of 57 months, there were 4 late deaths. The cumulative 1-, 5- and 8-year survival rates were 82, 76 and 67%, respectively. Emergency surgical repair of ATAAD in elderly patients resulted in an acceptable early mortality rate and satisfactory intermediate survival. Preoperative acute neurological deficit predicts a worse outcome. Advanced age alone should not be considered as a contraindication to AAD repair.

Thoracic aortic endografting facilitates the resection of tumors infiltrating the aorta

We and others have reported the early experience with off-label use of thoracic aortic endografts to facilitate the resection of tumors infiltrating the aorta. We describe our extended experience and long-term outcome using this innovative approach. Patients with preoperative suspected thoracic aortic infiltration who underwent endografting followed by en bloc tumor resection including the aortic wall were retrospectively reviewed and data were analyzed. Between 2008 and 2012, 5 patients (4 female) with a median age of 52 years (34-63 years) were included. Tumors infiltrating the aorta were non-small cell lung carcinomas (n=3) and sarcomas (n=2). Both patients with sarcoma had neoadjuvant radiation, whereas patients with non-small cell lung carcinomas had neoadjuvant (n=2) or adjuvant chemoradiation (n=1). Aortic endografting was performed 1 to 17 days before resection of the tumor. The proximal end of the stent-graft was deployed in the aortic arch (n=2) or the descending aorta (n=3). The tumor was resected en bloc in all patients and combined with chest wall and 2 to 3 levels of spinal resection in 4 of the 5 patients. Two patients with full-thickness aortic wall resection had additional buttressing of the defect. Cardiopulmonary bypass was never required. One patient had an empyema requiring debridements and thoracic window. After a median follow-up of 39 months (range, 9-62 months), all patients were alive and disease-free. None of them had overt endograft-related complications. Thoracic aortic endografting allowed safe en bloc resection of tumors invading the aortic wall. Therefore, the indication for thoracic aortic endografts could be extended to specific oncologic cases.

Rare and frequent postoperative complications after combined pneumonectomy for nonsmall-cell lung cancer

Methods The study includes 686 patients who underwent pneumonectomy for primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from 2003 through 2012. There were male – 609 (88, 8%), female – 77 (11,2%). Squamous cell and adenocarcinoma were found in 492 (72%) and 145 (21%) patients, respectively. Right side pneumonectomy was performed at 337 patients, left side – at 349 patients. The combined pneumonectomy was performed at 144 patients (21%): with pericardial resection – 75, wedge carinal resection – 40, circular carinal resection – 12, resection of upper cava vein – 13, of esophagus – 7, of vagus 7, of costa – 5, of left atrium – 3, of diaphragm – 2, pleurectomy – 2, resection of aortic wall – 1.

Technique of Aortic Replacement Through Endovascular Stenting Before Aortic Wall Resection for Primary Leiomyosarcoma of the Abdominal Aorta

Tumors involving the aorta represent a challenging situation because the surgical approach can lead to blood loss and/or clamping-related complications such as ischemia, thrombosis, or reperfusion syndromes. We describe the technique of aortic endograft placement to cover part of the abdominal aorta and provide conditions for extensive aortic wall resection, without clamping or blood loss, followed immediately by aortic reconstruction with bovine pericardium. This technique also allows the surgeon to wait for the results of freeze biopsy without additional clamping time, thus avoiding the risk of leaving residual tumor cells in the aortic wall.

Long-Term Experience of Girdling the Ascending Aorta With Dacron Mesh as Definitive Treatment for Aneurysmal Dilation

The management of the mildly to moderately dilated ascending aorta (3.5 to 4.9 cm) in cardiac surgery remains controversial. Therapeutic options have included radical aortic resection with synthetic graft substitution, external aortic reinforcement or wrap, with or without partial aortic wall excision, and a watch-and-wait approach. We reviewed our institutional experience with Dacron (DuPont, Wilmington, DE) mesh wrap support of dilated ascending aortas. During the last 20 years, 102 patients with aneurysmal dilatation of the ascending aorta underwent wrapping of the ascending aorta with a fine Dacron mesh from the ventricular-aortic junction to the origin of the innominate artery. For the last 10 years, the wrap was anchored to the aortic annulus with pledgeted sutures. Aortic diameters up to 6 cm, without focal areas of thinning, were wrapped. Aortic diameters exceeding 6 cm, or with focal thinning, underwent tailored aortic wall resection and wrapping. Primary end points of the study included mortality, aortic diameter growth, dissection or rupture, or both. The mean age of the group was 54.7 +/- 19 years (range, 12 to 90 years). A single patient underwent aortic wrapping without cardiopulmonary bypass. Sixty-six patients (65%) required additional aortic valve surgery. Five patients (5%) had reinforcement of dilated sinuses with glutaraldehyde-treated pericardial patches combined with wrapping. Twenty-seven patients (26%) had combined coronary and valve surgery, and 2 patients had coronary revascularization alone. There was neither early nor hospital mortality. Among the 81 patients (79%) we were able to contact, 7 (7%) late deaths had occurred at 0.5, 1, 3, and 9 years after operation that were unrelated to aortic pathology. Various levels of follow-up were obtained in the 88 patients (86.2%). In 78 patients, echocardiograms, computed tomography angiograms, or magnetic resonance angiograms were obtained. In 2 of these patients, aneurysmal dilatation of the sinuses developed below the wrap and reoperation was required. No patient in whom the mesh wrap was anchored to the aortic annulus required reoperation. All 81 patients that were contacted by us and monitored by referring physicians were asymptomatic and free of problems related to the aorta. The mean (+/- SD) preoperative diameter of the ascending aorta was 49.2 +/- 7.8 mm (range, 35 to 87 mm), the postwrap intraoperative diameter was 32.9 +/- 3.4 mm (range, 20 to 40 mm), and the follow-up postoperative aortic diameter was 35.6 +/- 12.7 mm (range, 27 to 52 mm). The mean average change in the aortic diameter during the follow-up period was 2.6 +/- 14.8 mm (range, -7 to 22 mm), a mean of 8%. The mean follow-up period was 5.7 years (median, 4.77 years; range, 9 days to 21 years). There were no infections or other early complications related to the wrap. Dacron mesh support of the moderately dilated aneurysmal ascending aorta, alone or in conjunction with coronary revascularization, aortic root surgery, or valvular operations, or both, is safe and durable. Dacron mesh is transparent and stretchable, permitting tight girdling of the aorta. These properties prevent hematoma formation, facilitate proximal vein graft anastomoses, and provide visualization and access to aortic suture lines. Finally, this technique retards further aortic dilation, altering the natural history of aortic aneurysms.

Surgical management of lung cancer invading the aorta or the superior vena cava

Invasion of mediastinal structures (T4) is considered as an absolute contraindication to surgical management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The authors studied the role of surgical treatment in case of direct aortic and superior venous caval involvement. From 1995 to 2000, 13 patients with left lung NSCLC invading descending aorta and 9 patients with right upper lobe NSCLC and superior vena cava (SVC) invasion were subjected to thoracotomy for lung resection. Surgery was indicated in case of absence of intraluminal extension. All patients were cN2 negative. The pathology results and 5-year survival were recorded and analyzed. In three cases (23%) the tumor was adhered to the parietal pleura overlying descending aorta, which was resected en block with tumor-associated lung parenchyma. Aortic adventitia invasion by tumor led to local resection of adventitia (<1cm(2)) in nine patients (69%). Invasion deeper than adventitia was encountered in one case (8%), which was managed with aortic partial occlusion, resection of aortic wall and repair of the defect with Gore graft patch. In three patients (33%) the SVC wall was involved by the tumor 1-3cm in length and 2-4mm of the circumference. The defect was repaired with direct suturing. In five patients (56%) the area of SVC wall that was invaded was 3cmx2cm. The defect was repaired with Dacron patch. In 1 patient (11%) an arterial 14 graft was end-to-end interposed. All resections were radical (R0). Neither associated postoperative complications nor operative mortality was recorded. Five-year survival was 30.7% for the cases with aortic invasion and 11% for the ones with SVC involvement. Radical surgical resection of lung tumors with localized aortic invasion can be considered after exclusion of N2 involvement.

Combined pneumonectomy and aortic wall resection for lung cancer with the use of a heparinized bypass tube : a case report

A 59-year-old man with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was treated with left pneumonectomy and aortic wall resection. The invaded wall of the descending thoracic aorta was partially resected and repaired with a Dacron patch. He is in good condition 9 months after surgery. In this operation a heparinized tube was used satisfactorily for temporary bypass while the aorta was clamped.