Anxiety In Medical Settings Research Articles

The Effect of Virtual Reality Application on Pain and Anxiety During Episiotomy Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

There is a rising trend among women towards nonpharmacological approaches owing to their minimally invasive nature and limited adverse effects. Virtual reality (VR) has recently gained popularity as a new technology for reducing pain and anxiety in medical settings. Our research sought to investigate the impact of VR on pain and anxiety levels while undergoing episiotomy repair. A comprehensive search was carried out across PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science to find relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) up to January 2024. These trials investigated the use of VR as a treatment during episiotomy repair compared with a control group that did not receive VR intervention. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software to analyze the data collected. Our primary outcomes were pain scores reported during and after episiotomy repair measured by a visual analog scale. Secondary outcomes analyzed included anxiety scores during and after the procedure, as well as the duration of episiotomy repair. Seven RCTs, involving 578 patients, met the inclusion criteria. VR resulted in a significant reduction in pain scores both during and after episiotomy repair (p < 0.001). Additionally, anxiety levels during and after the procedure were significantly reduced in the VR group compared with the control group. Moreover, the duration of episiotomy repair was significantly shorter in the VR group. Using VR has proven to be an effective technique in reducing pain and anxiety during and after episiotomy repair, as well as potentially speeding up the procedure.

Factor structure and validity of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms-II (IDAS-II) in a chronic back pain treatment-seeking sample.

Many patients who seek treatment for chronic back pain are also at a higher risk of having comorbid anxiety- and depression-related disorders. Measures of mood and anxiety are routinely used in medical settings to screen for depression- and anxiety-related symptoms. However, factor analyses of other measures of mood and anxiety in medical settings often detect a somatization factor which, in turn, limits their discriminant validity for use across medical settings. The Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms-II (IDAS-II) is a comprehensive self-report inventory that assesses varying aspects of mood and anxiety. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the three-factor structure and validity of the IDAS-II in a chronic pain treatment-seeking sample. A total of 169 patients completed the IDAS-II and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) upon admission. Confirmatory factor analyses were computed using the scales of the IDAS-II and zero-order correlations between the IDAS-II factors from the best-fitting model and scale scores of the MMPI-2-RF. Overall, a three-factor structure of the IDAS-II was not supported; instead, a one-factor solution fit best. Using the MMPI-2-RF as external criteria, the one-factor of the IDAS-II correlated highest with the Somatic Complaints scale and the Demoralization scale. Overall, item content on the IDAS-II shares overlap with many symptoms that patients with chronic pain likely would endorse. Discussion about implications of using mood/anxiety measures and models in medical settings that are in line with the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Screening for anxiety and depression in elderly medical outpatients.

In a study of 45 consecutive new outpatients at geriatric medicine clinics, 17.8% were diagnosed as depressed and 2.2% as anxious using the Geriatric Mental Status Schedule. Of two screening instruments, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), in either 30-item or 15-item version, performed well and the depression sub-scale of Goldberg and Bridges' screening questionnaire for depression and anxiety in medical settings was adequate. The anxiety sub-scale of the latter was poor. Detection by geriatricians of depression and anxiety disorders was poor. It is recommended that a short screening instrument for the detection of depression, such as the GDS, be incorporated into the clinic setting. As yet there is no satisfactory screening questionnaire for detecting anxiety disorders.