Antioxidant Functional Foods Research Articles

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZJ316 alleviates the oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis via modulating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway

Oxidative stress is vital in gastrointestinal diseases, but how lactic acid bacteria protect human gastric adenocarcinoma cells (AGS) is unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZJ316 (L. plantarum ZJ316) for its potential to alleviate oxidative stress in AGS cells and elucidate mechanisms involved. Treatment with L. plantarum ZJ316 and fermentation supernatant (ZJ316 FS) bolstered cell viability under hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress, boosting antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) while reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Oral probiotics also alleviated oxidative damage from D-galactose in mice. Additionally, L. plantarum ZJ316 and ZJ316 FS alleviated H2O2-induced inflammation and apoptosis by modulating the expression of inflammatory and apoptotic factors. However, the protective effect was hindered when pretreated with the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385. These findings suggest that L. plantarum ZJ316 and fermentation supernatant alleviate oxidative damage by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, showing promise in development of antioxidant functional foods.

Effects of Antioxidant Nutraceutical and Functional Foods on Protein Profile of Tuberculosis Patients in Jos Metropolitan, Nigeria

Effects of Antioxidant Nutraceutical and Functional Foods on Protein Profile of Tuberculosis Patients in Jos Metropolitan, Nigeria

Encapsulation of Ethanol Extract Perepat Leaves (Sonneratia alba) with Maltodextrin Coating as an Antioxidant Functional Food Candidate

Encapsulation of Ethanol Extract Perepat Leaves (Sonneratia alba) with Maltodextrin Coating as an Antioxidant Functional Food Candidate

Food Supplement Production from Propolis, Honey, and Mulberry Molasses Its Optimization

Abstract Turkish people have been producing and consuming molasses widely for many years. Nowadays, molasses is produced not only from grapes, but also from various fruits. Mulberry molasses are rich in potassium, magnesium, and calcium and have a strong antioxidant effect. It contributes to the healthy functioning of the body in terms of biological functions such as bone development, maintaining heart health, and strengthening the immune system. Honey is a natural sweetener and nutritional source. While it provides energy with its components such as fructose and glucose, organic acids, and polyphenols, it is also a real source of healing. Propolis, instead, is a natural bee product obtained by bees from plant buds and other plant materials. It has antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune system supporting properties. In this study, 12 different mixtures were created by adding different amounts of honey (15-78.5%) and propolis (1.5-5%) to mulberry molasses to increase their antioxidant, nutritional, and mineral values, and these mixtures were compared with mulberry molasses by performing analysis for pH value, electrical conductivity, water-soluble dry matter, ash content, HMF (Hydroxymethylfurfural), water activity, sugar profile, antioxidant content by the FRAP method, mineral content, total phenolic substance by the gallic acid method, aflatoxin, total acidity, and color (L, a, b). It was determined that the amount of antioxidant and phenolic substances increased as the percentage of propolis in the mixtures increased, thus providing the product with antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune system supporting properties. It was observed that the nutritional content was enriched due to the increase in the amounts of fructose and glucose with the increase in the percentage of honey. As a result, it is thought that the products obtained by adding propolis and honey to mulberry molasses can be used as natural antioxidant functional food or functional food additives.

Potential of White Jack Bean (Canavalia ensiformis L. DC) Kefir as a Microencapsulated Antioxidant.

Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis and progression of noncommunicable diseases. Kefir is a fermented food that has been reported to repress oxidative stress. This study aimed to assess the antioxidant activity, bioactive composition, and encapsulation efficiency of white jack bean (WJB) kefir. The following procedures were conducted: WJB was prepared and converted into juice using water solvent. The sterilized WJB juice was then fermented with kefir grain (10%) for 24∼72 h. Every 24 h, the kefir was evaluated for antioxidant activity, and the dominant bioactive component suspected to be the source of the antioxidant activity was identified. The final stage was the encapsulation process. WJB kefir showed high antioxidant activity, inhibiting DPPH radicals by 90.51±4.73% and ABTS radicals by 86.63±2.34% after 72 h of fermentation. WJB kefir contained 0.35±0.01 mg GAE/g total phenolics and 0.08 mg/g total flavonoids. The LC/MS identification suggested that the bioactive antioxidant components of the WJB kefir were from the alkaloid, saponin, phenolic, and flavonoid groups. The encapsulation with maltodextrin using freeze drying resulted in microencapsulation of WJB kefir with a particle size of 6.42±0.13 μm. The encapsulation efficiency was 79.61%, and the IC50 value was 32.62 ppm. The encapsulation method was able to maintain the antioxidant stability of the kefir and extend its shelf life. WJB kefir, a nondairy, lactose-free kefir, can be used as an antioxidant functional food.

An insight into the molecules and materials of the haustorium of the Asian Palmyra Palm (Borassus flabellifer) and their nutraceutical values

The B. flabellifer L. has untapped potential in sustainable development and its products have many high food and medicinal values. Palmyraculture is defined as the plantation and utilization of Palmyra palm for self-reliance and sustainable development. The endosperm/embryo of germinated seeds is an important biomaterial, also known as haustorium. This paper provides comprehensive insights into the molecules of the haustorium, especially those of pharmaceutical and nutritional interests, and briefly explores other applications of haustoria. The discussions of seed germination, and consequently, the haustorium development have made their way in 21st-century research. With further advancements in chemical analytic techniques and the growing realization of diverse uses of nearly every part of the plant, more attention has been attracted to the phytochemical composition of the parts, including the haustorium. The recent research on the haustorium examines haustoria molecules, their respective functions and uses, and their interactions with external factors. During the period when the haustorium converts complex nutrients in the endosperm into simple forms for the growing embryo, it is composed of varying essential sugars, amino acids, phytochemicals, bioactive compounds, macro, and micronutrients, all of which are highly beneficial for human health. It also possesses glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, and saponins, which contribute to its medicinal properties of acting against hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, obesity, as anti-allergic, anticancer, and anti-neoplastic agents, and for fighting against oxidative stress. The most recent study on the haustorium highlights how its extracts serve as an efficient antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functional food. Future studies of the Palmyra palm haustorium could offer potential applications; emphasizing the pharmaceutical, nutritional, and ethnobotanical significance.

Relationship of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities in Gymnema inodorum leaf extracts

Gynmena inodorum (GI) is a green leafy vegetable used in the Northern Thai cuisine which has antioxidant activities and may be applicable for preventing oxidative stress and aging-related disease. However, understanding the relationship between GI phytonutrients and their antioxidant properties has been unclear. The aims of this study were to identify the GI leaf phytochemicals and to study their antioxidant activities. A chromatogram of LC-ESI-MS/QTOF-MS showed that the GI leaves were potentially composed of phenolics, quinic acids, flavonoids, and triterpenoid saponins. This study was able to authenticate quercetin, kaempferol, and triterpenoid GIA1 in the samples. The GI materials with high contents of phenolics, flavonoids, quercetin, and kaempferol showed significant relation to antioxidation and protection in endothelial cell death suppressed by reactive nitrogen species. Meanwhile, triterpenoids had a low antioxidant impact. Ultimately, GI leaves with high phenolic compounds are a promising raw material to develop as an antioxidant functional food.

Ficus carica polysaccharide extraction via ultrasound-assisted technique: Structure characterization, antioxidant, hypoglycemic and immunomodulatory activities

In this research, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions of the water-soluble polysaccharide (FCPS) from Ficus carica fruits were optimized using the response surface methodology. The optimal FCPS yield was 7.97 % achieved by conducting ultrasound-assisted extraction four times at a solid–liquid ratio of 1:20 (g/mL) and an ultrasound temperature of 70 °C. Then, the structure, antioxidant properties, hypoglycemic effects, and immunomodulatory activities of FCPS were evaluated. FCPS was characterized as irregular, rough-surfaced, flaky materials consisting of pyran-type polysaccharides with α- and β-glycosidic linkages, and composed of multiple monosaccharides and only one homogeneous concentrated polysaccharide component (FCPS1) with a molecular weight of 4.224 × 104 Da. The results suggested FCPS exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro, as evidenced by improved cell viability and reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Meanwhile, FCPS effectively improved liver-related insulin resistance by promoting glucose consumption in hepatocytes and activated the immune response through activation of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and upregulation of interleukin 6 (IL6) and interleukin 12 (IL-12) expression. The findings demonstrate the efficacy of the UAE technique in isolating FCPS with biological functionality and FCPS could potentially serve as a beneficial organic antioxidant source and functional food, carrying important implications for future studies.

Development of Cheese as an Antioxidant Functional Food with the Addition of Orthodox Black Tea

Development of Cheese as an Antioxidant Functional Food with the Addition of Orthodox Black Tea

The Mechanism of Peach Gum Polysaccharide Preventing UVB-Induced Skin Photoaging by Regulating Matrix Metalloproteinanse and Oxidative Factors.

Exposure to ultraviolet light can cause oxidative damage and accelerate skin aging and is one of the main causes of skin aging. Peach gum polysaccharide (PG) is a natural edible plant component that has many biological activities, such as regulating blood glucose and blood lipids and improving colitis, as well as antioxidant and anticancer properties. However, there are few reports on the antiphotoaging effect of peach gum polysaccharide. Therefore, in this paper, we study the basic composition of the raw material peach gum polysaccharide and its ability to improve UVB-induced skin photoaging damage in vivo and in vitro. The results show that peach gum polysaccharide is mainly composed of mannose, glucuronic acid, galactose, xylose, and arabinose, and its molecular weight (Mw) is 4.10 × 106 g/mol. The results of the in vitro cell experiments show that PG could significantly alleviate UVB-induced apoptosis of human skin keratinocytes, promote cell growth repair, reduce the expression of intracellular oxidative factors and matrix metal collagenase, and improve the extent of oxidative stress repair. Moreover, the results from the in vivo animal experiments showed that PG could not only effectively improve the phenotype of UVB-induced photoaged skin in model mice but also significantly improve their oxidative stress status, regulate the contents of ROS and the levels of SOD and CAT, and repair the oxidative skin damage induced by UVB in vivo. In addition, PG improved UVB-induced photoaging-mediated collagen degradation in mice by inhibiting the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases. The above results indicate that peach gum polysaccharide has the ability to repair UVB-induced photoaging and may be used as a potential drug and antioxidant functional food to resist photoaging in the future.

Development of Gummy Jelly Incorporated with Lysiphyllum strychnifolium Leaf Extract and Its Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities

The reduction of sugar and the supplementation of bioactive ingredients in gummy jelly help to improve the healthy characteristics of a product that is normally devoid of any nutritional value. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a reduced calorie gummy jelly supplemented with Lysiphyllum strychnifolium leaf extract (LS gummy jelly). The gummy jelly was formulated by total substitution of sucrose with a sugar alcohol, xylitol. The antioxidant activities of LS gummy jelly determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity assay was 0.07 ± 0.02 g ascorbic acid equivalent/100 g gummy jelly. The results of ABTS radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing power (FRAP) assay were found to be 0.21 ± 0.02 g TEAC/100 g gummy jelly and 0.98 ± 0.07 mmol FeSO4/100 g gummy jelly, respectively. The percentage inhibition of α-glucosidase activity of LS gummy jelly (at concentration 10 mg/ml) was 46.1 ± 7.9%. The LS gummy jelly was successfully developed with good physical characteristics and negative results for microbiological tests. HPLC quantitative analysis of gallic acid, the major active compound in L. strychnifolium leaf extract, was found to be 0.45 ± 0.04 mg/g of gummy jelly. According to preference ranking test (n=50), the results showed that berry flavor was preferred for LS gummy jelly. Thus, LS gummy jelly could be considered as a promising antioxidant functional food product that could provide health benefits to consumers. Keywords: α-glucosidase, Antioxidant, Gummy jelly, Lysiphyllum strychnifolium

Physicochemical, Structural, and Digestive Properties of Banana Starch Modified by Ultrasound and Resveratrol Treatments.

Ultrasonic treatment combined with resveratrol modification was used to improve banana starch's solubility, thermal stability, and digestion resistance. The solubility and freeze-thaw stability of the modified starch complex significantly increased. The oil-absorption capacity increased by 20.52%, and the gelatinization temperatures increased from 64.10-73.92 °C to 70.77-75.83 °C. The storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″) increased after ultrasound and resveratrol treatment, and the proportion of viscosity was increased after composition with resveratrol. Additionally, the in vitro digestibility decreased from 44.12% to 40.25%. The modified complexes had release-control ability for resveratrol. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy demonstrated that complex structures became more compact and organized, whereas crystalline patterns were unchanged. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the resveratrol modification caused physical change on the granular surface by creating pores and fissures. The findings can help develop antioxidant functional foods using banana starch.

Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of vegetal milk produced with Mucuna pruriens L. seed in rats fed a high-fat diet

Research on the production of lipid-lowering drugs from natural sources has become increasingly important. In this study, we investigated the hypolidemic properties of the vegetable milk produced from the seeds of Mucuna pruriens L. Vegetable milk were produced from whole or dehulled seeds of two varieties of M. pruriens, var. Veracruz: dehulled Veracruz milk (DVM) and whole Veracruz milk (WVM); and var. Cochinchinensis: dehulled Cochinchinensis milk (DCM) and whole Cochinchinensis milk (WCM). Then, the phenolic and antioxidant properties of these milks were analyzed. Furthermore, the effect of the intake on selected antioxidant and serum toxicity markers was assessed on hyperlipidemic rats. Three controls were made of normal rats, untreated hyperlipidemic rats, and hyperlipidemic rats treated with atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/day). Four test groups were made of hyperlipidemic rats and treated for 4 weeks with a diet in which vegetable milk (DCM, WCM, DVM, and WVM) was used as the protein source instead of casein. The antioxidant activity (DPPH free radical scavenging 167.2–299.9 mg/100 ml) and phenolic compounds (122.8–199.5 mg/100 ml) were higher in milks produced with whole seeds than in milks produced with dehulled seeds. Moreover, the levels of creatinine, ALAT, ASAT, and MDA, as well as total, LDL, and VLDL cholesterol, significantly increased in the serum of hyperlipidemic rats (p < 0.05). However, the antioxidant enzyme activities of treated rats significantly (p < 0.05) decreased compared to those of normal rats. The intake of M. pruriens milk significantly reduced the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and LDL in the serum (p < 0.05). Whole M. pruriens milk exhibited higher antioxidant properties, but showed high levels of ALAT, ASAT, and creatinine, which could have an adverse effect on certain organs. Overall, dehulled M. pruriens milk could be a potent hypolipidemic and antioxidant functional food.

Bioactive polyphenolic compounds, water-soluble vitamins, in vitro anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and free radical scavenging properties of underutilized alternate crop Amaranthus spinosus L. from Gangetic plain of West Bengal

Studies associated with validation of folklore and ethnomedicinal claim of utilization of different plant parts of ‘spiny amaranth’ (Amaranthus spinosus L.) against degenerative diseases with chemical data, particularly the bioactive polyphenolic compounds and associated anti-degenerative properties are scanty and is the purpose of the present investigations. RP-HPLC coupled photodiode assay was employed for the quantification of twenty-one health promoting bioactive polyphenolic antioxidants derived from phenylpropanoid pathway from different plant parts of Amaranthus spinosus L. for validating organoleptic traditional claims as well as current trends in practice of this underutilized medicinal herb. Further, important water-soluble vitamins [vitamin B1, B2, B3, B6, B9] present in different plant parts were extracted and estimated through RP-HPLC for validating the claim of their functional food properties. The antioxidant-based functional food property of different plant parts of Amaranthus spinosus were corroborated from the data of in vitro free radical scavenging, metal-chelating, reducing, superoxide radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, anti-protein coagulation, anti-lipid peroxidation and antidiabetic properties. When compared, a positive correlation in accumulation of polyphenolic compounds and water-soluble vitamins tested with antioxidant attributes were noticed for different plant parts, strongly substantiating their phytonutrient properties. Taken as a whole, the present work provides data on organ-specific bioavailability of bioactive polyphenolic antioxidant compounds, water soluble B- vitamins and their functional attributes for validating traditional claims as well as existing trends in consumption of this underutilized medicinal vegetable as low-cost natural antioxidant supplement and functional food, which may encourage their effective exploration and utilization.

Cardiometabolic impact of antioxidant functional food: Promising data from Whey derived proteins enriched with hemp seed oil

Cardiometabolic impact of antioxidant functional food: Promising data from Whey derived proteins enriched with hemp seed oil

Anti-Aging Effect and Mechanism of Proanthocyanidins Extracted from Sea buckthorn on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Aging Human Skin Fibroblasts.

Oxidative stress is the leading cause of skin aging damage. Excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) triggers a decrease in collagen synthesis and an increase in collagen degradation, which are biomarkers of skin aging. We evaluated the potential protective mechanism of Sea buckthorn proanthocyanidins (SBP) against the oxidative stress-induced skin aging process from multiple aspects. We treated human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) with 300 µmoL/L of H2O2 for 24 h, followed by 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL of SBP for 24 h. The results showed that SBP could enhance the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), effectively remove excess ROS, and significantly improve the changes in cell morphology and viability caused by excessive ROS in skin cells. In addition, SBP could promote the synthesis of Col I in aging HSFs through the TGF-β1/Smads pathway and inhibit the degradation of Col I by regulating the MMPs/TIMPs system, thereby maintaining the stability of the ECM structure to achieve anti-aging purposes. Finally, we studied the migration ability of SBP, and the results showed that 100 µg/mL of SBP was most conducive to the cell migration of senescent cells, laying a foundation for follow-up animal experiments. These results will increase the application value of SBP in the cosmetic and antioxidative functional food industries.

Chemical Profiling, Antioxidant and Lipoxygenase Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Wild Edible Truffle (Terfezia boudieri) from Northern Borders of Saudi Arabia

Truffles are natural food product very famous for its health benefits for being significant biosource of essential fatty acids, proteins and other antioxidant and phenolic compounds. The current study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemicals, antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibition activities of Terfezia boudieri of Saudi origin. Various phytochemicals were screened applying standard procedures. The total methanol extract (TME) of the truffle was subjected to several chromatographic procedures. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH antioxidant procedure, comparing results with trolox as standard. Results demonstrated that Terfezia boudieri chemically characterized by the availability of various constituents such as flavonoids, steroids, saponins, tannins and carbohydrates at different levels. Phytochemical investigation led to the isolation of β-sitosterol and gallic acid that were identified using 1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY, HMQC and HMBC NMR spectroscopic data. Results demonstrated high antioxidant activity with IC50: 50.4 μg/ml and 31.4 μg/ml for TME and gallic acid, respectively. TME and gallic acid exhibited lipoxygenase inhibitory activity with IC50 values 4.59 and 0.53 μg/ml for TME and gallic acid, respectively. The higher lipoxygenase inhibitory activity was presumably correlated to the high antioxidant activity. In conclusion, current investigation confirms the folklore use of Terfezia boudieri as antinflammatory food. Hence, the studied Terfezia boudieri may have a great potential as antioxidant and antinflammatory functional food and nutraceuticals products for pharmaceutical applications.

Potential anti-oxidative properties and quality characteristics of korean traditional rice cake added with pistachio (pistacia vera l.) as inner beauty material

In modern society, interest in health is increasing, and more consumers are taking care of their health due to COVID-19. As a result, immunity enhancement and antioxidant foods help to promote health, and the intake rate is increasing. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate quality characteristics and antioxidant activity by adding 0%, 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% pistachios to rice cake, a traditional Korean food. The moisture content and pH decreased as the amount of pistachio added and the chromaticity L and a values tended to decrease, but the b values increased. It was confirmed that the polyphenol, ABTS a DPPH significantly increased as the amount of pistachio added increased. As a result of confirming the functionality and overall preference, it is suggested that the 9% content is the best, and this experiment is expected to improve the quality of rice cake and improve the nutritional balance, so that it can become an antioxidant functional food. As far as we know, it is the first study to prove that pistachios and rice cakes are combined, suggesting that rice cakes with added pistachios, a physiologically active substance, are healthful foods.

Antioxidant activities and physicochemical property of Jeolpyeon added with laver (Porphyra tenera)

As the importance of diseases related to aging has been highlighted worldwide, interest in antioxidant functional foods is increasing. In Korea, P. tenera, which is rich in polyphenol compounds and is beneficial to health, has been consumed for a long time, and over time, it has been re-examined in the West, and the demand is increasing. However, due to the lack of studies using laver, this paper experimented with adding P. tenera to rice cake, a traditional Korean food that lowers the risk and incidence of chronic diseases. As the amount of P. tenera added increased, the water content increased, and there was no significant difference in pH. As the added content of P. teneraincreased, the total phenol content was significantly increased from 31.38 (control) to 40.80 (3% sample), 49.18 (6% sample), 55.04 (9% sample), 55.78 (12% sample), and flavonoids were significantly increased at 13.27 (12% sample). ABTS significantly increased from 4.81 (control) to 9.50 (6% sample), 18.89 (9% sample), and 37.24 (12% sample). The increase in the content of P. tenera suggests that the phenol contained in P. tenera has an antioxidant effect. In the sensory evaluation, the 12% sample received the highest score of 3.57 in overall preference. Therefore, P. tenera Jeolpyeon was confirmed to have excellent antioxidant effect and overall preference, suggesting that it has potential as a health functional food

Damage prevention effect of milk-derived peptides on UVB irradiated human foreskin fibroblasts and regulation of photoaging related indicators

Long-term exposure to UVB can trigger acute inflammation of the skin and lead to skin photoaging. To scrutinize the anti-photoaging functions of peptides obtained from milk, the physicochemical including molecular weight and amino acid compositions were first analyzed. Totally 267 peptides were screened out and identified by PEAKS X software, and then evaluated through Peptide Ranker and BIOPEP-UMW. Six peptides with the highest antioxidant ability and relative abundance were selected. This study was then conducted in UVB-damaged human foreskin fibroblasts with proadministration of peptides. The results indicated that at concentrations of 0.08–0.10 mg/mL, milk-derived peptides could realize a damage prevention effect through inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA). Also, these peptides were found to promote the photoaging related enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), while to block the production of matrix metalloproteinases-1. Through this study, we found that milk-derived peptide mixture is effective in preventing photoaging damage. Milk-derived peptides found in this study could serve as raw materials for future development of antioxidant functional foods.