Use Of Antihypertensive Medicines Research Articles

O05 TERMINAL DIGIT PATTERN IN COMMUNITY-BASED HYPERTENSION SCREENING PROGRAMS: 5-YEAR ANALYSIS FROM MAY MEASURE MONTH NEPAL

Background and Objectives: Terminal digit preference leads to misclassification of hypertension. Despite strong promotion of community-based hypertension screening, the extent of terminal digit preference in such programs is not well understood. We aimed to identify the proportion of blood pressure (BP) ending in zero, and factors associated with the most repeated digit. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from May Measure Month (MMM) Nepal 2017, 2018, 2020, 2021, and 2022. Participants with available data on the type of BP monitors were included. In MMM Nepal, adults≥18 years of age were eligible and recruited via convenience sampling. Data enumerators are community health workers or college students trained for BP measurement through short trainings. Without bias, the proportion of BP ending in zero is expected to be 10% and 20% for automated and manual monitors, respectively. Results: A total of 48,442 participant were included with 29.2% age≥50 years and 51.8% females. BP appeared to be normally distributed with “spikes” at terminal digits of zero (Figure 1). 90.9% of participants were measured their BP with automated monitors and 8.1% with manual monitors. The proportion of BP ending in zero was about 1.7 and 4.8 times greater than the expected proportion using automated and manual monitors, respectively (automated: 17.0% [SBP], 16.7% [DBP], manual: 95.3% [SBP], 93.8% [DBP]). Logistic regression showed age≥50 (OR 1.13 [95%CI 1.06, 1.20]) and SBP≥140mmHg (1.63 [1.49, 1.78]) were associated with SBP ending in zero, and age≥50 (1.14 [1.08, 1.22]) and DBP≥90 mmHg (2.11 [1.96, 2.28]) were associated with DBP ending in zero, both after controlling for sex, smoking, alcohol use, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, antihypertensive medicine use, and the type of BP monitors used. Conclusion: The proportion of BP ending in zero was higher than expected with any type of BP monitors used. More studies are needed to investigate whether these distributions were by chance or due to errors.

Profile of The Use of Antihypertension Drug and Blood Pressure Evaluation at Gresik Hospital

A potentially fatal non-communicable disease is hypertension. Important organs like the brain, heart, kidneys, retina, big blood vessels (aorta), and peripheral blood vessels are in danger for harm as a result. Heart attacks and even death can result from hypertension. By avoiding and managing risk factors like smoking, sedentary lifestyles, a lack of fruits and vegetables, and obesity, it is crucial to work towards lowering the risk of hypertension. This study's objectives were to assess blood pressure and establish the profile of antihypertensive medicine use. Methods: Data for this retrospective analysis were gathered based on information from patient pharmacy records and medical records. Results: 33.7% hypertension sufferers aged 65-74 years, 62.2% women and 37.8% men, 38.9% The beta-blocker drug group with the drug that is often used Bisoprolol dose of 2.5 mg as much as 26.9 %, 88% in tablet dosage form, which is used in combination form with the rule of using once a day and 64.3% controlled hypertension. This is a retrospective study that obtained data based on medical record information and patient pharmacy data. Conclusion: Hypertension patients are usually aged between 65-74 years, mostly female. Antihypertensive drugs that are often used are in the beta blocker class which is a Bisoprolol dose of 2.5 mg in tablet, used in a single dose or/and combination. Sixty-four point three percent (64.3%) of patients have controlled hypertension.

Association between antihypertensive medicine use and risk of ovarian cancer in women aged 50 years and older

BackgroundEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has few modifiable risk factors. There is evidence that some antihypertensive medicines may have cancer preventive and/or therapeutic actions; therefore, we assessed the associations between use of different antihypertensive medicines and risk of specific EOC histotypes. MethodsOur nested case-control study of linked administrative health data included 6070 Australian women aged over 50 years diagnosed with EOC from 2004 to 2013, and 30,337 matched controls. We used multivariable conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ever use of each antihypertensive medicine group, including beta-adrenergic blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, and alpha blockers, and the risk of EOC overall and separately for the serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell and other histotypes. ResultsWe found that most antihypertensive medicines were not associated with risk of EOC. However, women who used calcium channel blockers had a reduced risk of serous EOC (OR= 0.89, 95 % CI:0.81,0.98) and use of combination thiazide and potassium-sparing diuretics was associated with an increased risk of endometroid EOC (OR= 2.09, 95 % CI:1.15,3.82). ConclusionOur results provide little support for a chemo-preventive role for most antihypertensives, however, the histotype-specific associations we found warrant further investigation.

HYPERTENSION AS A RISK FACTOR FOR COVID-19 SEVERITY AND MORTALITY: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

The new coronavirus illness (COVID-19) produced by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has swiftly grown into a global epidemic. Hypertension has been identified as the most common cardiovascular comorbidity in COVID-19 patients, and it has been shown to increase the risk of hospitalization and mortality. Initial research suggested that renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors might raise the likelihood of viral infection and worsen illness severity, generating concern considering the global prevalence of hypertension. Nonetheless, further research supported the use of antihypertensive medicines, noting that they do not worsen the severity of COVID-19 infection in hypertensive individuals, but may have a favorable impact. To yet, the specific mechanism through which hypertension predisposes to adverse outcomes in COVID-19 individuals is unclear. In this study, we discuss the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and hypertension, as well as probable causes, with an emphasis on the dual roles of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in COVID-19 and hypertension. The effects of pro-inflammatory factors released by the immune system and gastrointestinal dysfunction in COVID-19 are also discussed, as well as how to manage hypertension with covid-19.

Current status of hypertension prevalence, treatment and control rate among young and middle-aged population in China

Objective: To estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rate of hypertension among young and middle-aged population in China. Methods: The analysis was based on the results of 2012-2015 China Hypertension Survey, which was a cross-sectional stratified multistage random sampling survey. A total of 229 593 subjects were included in the final analysis. The data including sex, age, living in urban and rural areas, prevalence of hypertension, history of stroke, family history of coronary heart disease and drinking, physical examination, heart rate were collected. Hypertension was defined as mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), and (or) diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg, and (or) self-report a history of hypertension, and (or) use of antihypertensive medicine within 2 weeks before survey. Prehypertension was defined as SBP between 120-139 mmHg, and (or) DBP between 80-89 mmHg. Control of hypertension was considered for hypertensive individuals with SBP<140 mmHg and DBP<90 mmHg. The prevalence of prehypertension, hypertension, awareness, treatment, control rate were calculated, and the control rate among those with antihypertensive medication was also calculated. Results: The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 43.8% (95%CI: 42.3%-45.4%), and 22.1% (95%CI: 20.8%-23.3%), respectively. The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was significantly higher among male than female across different age groups. The awareness, treatment, control rate of hypertension and control rate among treated hypertensive participants were 43.8%, 33.2%, 16.7%, and 40.2%, respectively. The prevalence was higher, and the control rate was lower among individuals with higher heart rate. Conclusion: The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension among young and middle-aged population is high, the awareness, treatment and control rate need to be further improved in this population. The prevention and treatment of hypertension should be strengthened in the future to improve the control rate of hypertension in China.

Antihypertensive medicine use differs between Ghana and Nigeria

BackgroundNon-communicable diseases are a growing burden in many African countries; cardiovascular disease is the main disease. Antihypertensive medicines (AHM) are a common treatment option but we know little about community use in most low- and medium-income countries (LMIC). We aimed to describe the use of antihypertensive medicines (AHM) in Ghana and Nigeria using a novel data source.MethodsWe used data from mPharma—a health and pharmaceutical company which distributes pharmaceuticals to hospital and retail pharmacies. We extracted data using the anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification codes and calculated use in defined daily doses and explored patterns by class, medicines, dose, and originator or generic product.ResultsAHM use differed between Ghana and Nigeria. The most used classes in Ghana were angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) followed by calcium channel blockers (CCB) and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). The five most used products were 16 mg candesartan, 30 mg nifedipine, 10 mg lisinopril, 5 mg amlodipine and 50 mg losartan. In Nigeria ARB, CCB and diuretics were widely used; the top five products were 50 mg losartan, 10 mg lisinopril, 30 mg nifedipine, 40 mg furosemide, and 5 mg amlodipine. More originator products were used in Ghana than Nigeria.ConclusionThe differences between Ghana and Nigeria may result from a combination of medical, contextual and policy evidence and reflect factors related to clinical guidance (e.g. standard treatment guidelines), accessibility to prescribers and the role of community pharmacies, and structure of the health system and universal health coverage including funding for medicines. We show the feasibility of using novel data sources to gain insights on medicines use in the community.

Trends in Antihypertensive Medicine Utilization in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina: An Eleven-Year Follow-Up.

Background: In last 2 decades, there have been substantial changes in the utilization patterns of antihypertensive medicines following new clinical trials and the introduction of new treatment guidelines. The aim of this study was to analyze utilization and prescribing patterns regarding antihypertensive medicines in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina during an 11-years follow-up according to national and European treatment guidelines. Methods: In this retrospective, observational study, medicine utilization data were analyzed between 2009–2019 period using the ATC/DDD methodology and expressed as the number of DDD/1,000 inhabitants/day (DID/TID). The medicine utilization 90% (DU90%) method was used for determine the quality of prescribing. Results: During the observed period, the use of antihypertensive medicines increased more than 3-times (125.97 DDD/TID in 2009 vs 414.95 DDD/TID in 2019), corresponding to a rise in the prevalence of hypertensive patients from 91.7/1,000 to 186.3/1,000 in the same period. This was mainly driven by increased use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors with 241.69%, beta blockers with 146.87%, calcium channel blockers with 251.55%, and diuretics with 178.95%. Angiotensin receptor blockers were the fastest growing group of antihypertensive medicines in this period and their utilization increased nearly 40 times. Conclusions: The overall antihypertensive medicines utilization was largely influenced by national and ESH/ESC guidelines and strongly corresponded to the positive medicine list of the national health insurance fund. Antihypertensive medicines utilization is comparable with medicine utilization trends in other countries.

Relationship of Knowledge with Compliance of Patients with Hypertension to the Use of Antihypertensive Medicines in Outstanding Installations RSUD M.M Dunda, Gorontalo Regency

Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease characterized by high blood pressure. Hypertension if not treated properly can cause complications. Barriers to hypertension treatment are caused by several factors, namely non-compliance and lack of knowledge. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge and adherence of patients with hypertension to the use of antihypertensive drugs in the outpatient installation of RSUD M.M. Dunda Gorontalo Regency.&#x0D; In this study, the author uses a cross sectional analysis research design. The population in this study were all hypertensive patients in RSUD M.M. Dunda Gorontalo Regency as many as 221 people with Non Probability Sampling technique with Purposive Sampling Technique. The independent variable is the knowledge of hypertension sufferers and the dependent variable is the adherence to taking antihypertensive drugs, the instrument in this study uses a questionnaire. Data analysis used the Spearmen Rank test with a significance level of 0.05.&#x0D; Based on the research, it can be seen that 36 respondents (64.3%) have sufficient knowledge and 20 (35.7%) have good knowledge, in the respondents, 28 (50.0%) adherence to taking antihypertensive drugs are not obedient, 21 (37.5%) Moderately obedient, 7 (12.5%) complied with taking medication.&#x0D; The results of the Chi-Square test show a probability value of p value 0.393 (p&gt; 0.05), then H1 is rejected and H0 is accepted, meaning that there is no relationship between knowledge and adherence of patients with hypertension to the use of antihypertensive drugs in the outpatient installation of RSUD MM Dunda, Gorontalo Regency.

Trend of Antihypertensive Medicine Use in the Baltic States between 2008 and 2018: A Retrospective Cross-National Comparison

High blood pressure is a major risk factor contributing to death and disability rates in the Baltic states. The aim of this study was to compare the utilization of antihypertensive medicines in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania from 2008 to 2018. In this retrospective cross-national comparison, nationally representative wholesale data from the IQVIA National Retail Audit were analyzed. The utilization of inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin system, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics and centrally acting antihypertensives by Defined Daily Doses per 1000 inhabitants and day (DDD/TID) was used to calculate utilization. Time series analysis was used to analyze trends. The utilization increased annually by 10.88, 8.04 and 6.42 DDD/TID in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, respectively, from 2008. The utilization of antihypertensive drugs in 2018 was 372, 267 and 379.5 DDD/TID, respectively. Inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin system were the most commonly used class in 2008 and 2018. From 2008, the utilization of beta blockers and fixed-dose combinations including renin–angiotensin system inhibitors increased substantially, while that of calcium channel blockers decreased. Country-specific utilization trends were noted; e.g., the utilization of centrally acting antihypertensives was 30.9 DDD/TID in Lithuania compared to 3.01 DDD/TID in Estonia and 16.17 DDD/TID in Latvia. The use of antihypertensive medicines increased over the study period, but the trends for the different drug classes differed between countries.

Overview of risk factors in the use of antihypertensive biomaterials drugs in medical prescriptions

A drug utilisation search is also packed with information about the effectiveness of drug use, as well as information about the drug itself. Prioritization is effective when it is used to facilitate the allocation of resources in a sensible manner, resources to assist you in maintaining or improving your fitness. Men and women always had a risk of hypertension. The current inquiry's main purpose is to present an overview about the antihypertensive drug exploitation sample, threat part drug detection evidence in the manufacturing and the identification of the threat. It provides richer insights into individualised but premium pharmacological care of hypertension by examining prescription trends and use of antihypertensive medicines. Gathering a data sample of the medicine used in anti-hypertensive prescriptions, as well as to determine the risk factors for hypertension is also briefed.

Appropriate Use of Antihypertensive Medicines in Hypertension Patients of BPJS Participants

Hypertension is a health disorder that is often encountered and includes public health that needs to be addressed immediately. Hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure, either systolic or diastolic, is 140/90 mmHg. WHO (World Health Organization) data shows that there are around 1 billion people with hypertension worldwide. The prevalence of hypertension is predicted to continue to increase, by 2025 it is predicted that as many as 29% of adults have hypertension worldwide. Around 8 million people with hypertension die each year, of which 1.5 million deaths occur in Southeast Asia. This research is a descriptive research. Descriptive research method is a research method that is carried out with the main aim of making a picture or description of a situation objectively. Descriptive research methods are used to solve or answer the problems being faced in the current situation. The profile of the use of antihypertensive drugs in terms of gender is mostly women with a percentage of 57.7%, most patients are in the age group 40-60 years as much as 50.0%. The highest use of single antihypertensive drugs is sulfonylurea 33.6%, combination therapy mostly uses 3 drug classes by 63.6%, namely Alpha Glucoside Inhibitors, Sulfonylureas and Biguanides. For the administration of combination therapy, the most vasodilators are combinations of long- -acting andvasodilators rapidacting 85.7%. Evaluation of the use of antihypertensive drugs in patients with HYPERTENSION BPJS participants in the Outpatient Installation of RSUD Dr. H. Soewondo during 2021 according to Fornas BPJS showed that 91.33% or 274 drug items were written in accordance with National Fornas and 8.67% or 26 drug items were not appropriate.

Subjective Poor Sleep Quality is Associated with Higher Blood Pressure and Prevalent Hypertension in General Population Independent of Sleep Disordered Breathing.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of subjective sleep quality with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension by considering the influence of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and age in the general population.MethodsWe evaluated sleep quality using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and SDB using NoSAS score and measured BP in randomly selected adults in China in 2019. Sleep quality is categorized into four groups as very good, fairly good, fairly bad and very bad. SDB is defined as NoSAS score ≥8. Hypertension is defined as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, and/or use of antihypertensive medicine within previous 2 weeks. Multi-variable linear and logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association of global PSQI score and sleep quality with BP and prevalent hypertension.ResultsIn the 33,341 participants (53.4% women, median age: 48 years), prevalence of hypertension significantly increased from very good to very bad sleepers in total (34.3 vs 42.6 vs 50.3 vs 58.5%), SDB (61.2 vs 68.3 vs 73.3 vs 75.5%) and non-SDB participants (26.8 vs 33.1 vs 40.1 vs 50.9%). In multiple linear regression, PSQI global score showed significant positive association with BP levels in total, SDB and non-SDB participants, consistent in sensitivity analysis by excluding participants who were taking antihypertensives, and in participants aged <60 years in age-stratified analysis. In multivariable logistic regression, odds ratio for presence of hypertension significantly increased from very good to very bad sleepers in total (1 vs 1.08 vs 1.22 vs 1.48), SDB (1 vs 1.17 vs 1.35 vs 1.28) and non-SDB participants (1 vs 1.05 vs 1.14 vs 1.53), consistent in participants aged <60 years.ConclusionPoor subjective sleep quality is significantly associated with higher BP and prevalent hypertension, independent of SDB in the young- and middle-aged general population, indicating potential of improving sleep quality to lower BP and optimize hypertension management at population level.

May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Cameroon.

The multi-country May Measurement Month (MMM) screening campaign aims to raise awareness on blood pressure (BP) and hypertension in individuals and communities, and measure BP, ideally, of those who had no BP measurement in the preceding year. We here report key findings from the Cameroon arm of MMM 2019. An opportunistic sample of adults (≥18 years) was included from 5 May to 5 June 2019 across 15 sites (markets, churches, homes, motor parks, workplaces, and hospitals/clinics). Data collection, cleaning, the definition of hypertension, and statistical analysis followed the standard protocol. The mean age of the 30 187 participants screened was 36.9 (SD: 14.9) years, 50.4% were female (5% of whom were pregnant), and 94.4% were screened out of the hospital/clinic settings. After multiple imputation of missing data, 6286 (20.8%) had hypertension, 24.0% were taking antihypertensive medication, and 705 (11.2%) of all participants with hypertension had controlled BP. In linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and antihypertensive medicines use, a previous diagnosis of hypertension, a history of stroke, and use of antihypertensive medicines were significant predictors of systolic and diastolic BP levels. BPs were also significantly higher when measured in public outdoors, public indoors (diastolic BP only), workplaces, and other unspecified areas compared to hospitals/clinic settings. MMM19 is the largest ever BP screening campaign in a single month, in Cameroon and despite the limitations resulting from non-random sample selection, the opportunistic screening allows access to awareness and screening for hypertension out of the hospital/clinic settings.

THE EFFECTS OF MIDDAY NAP DURATION ON THE RISK OF HYPERTENSION IN CHINESE RURAL POPULATION

Abstract Objective: Most previous epidemiological studies regarding sleep and risk of hypertension focused on the association between night sleep duration and hypertension. However, data on the effect of midday nap duration on hypertension are scarce, especially among rural population. The study was conducted to evaluate the associations of the midday nap duration with blood pressure and hypertension in Chinese rural population. Design and method: From August 2016 to July 2017, a total of 1755 eligible participants were consecutively enrolled in our study in Hunan province, China. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure &gt; = 140/90mmHg or self-reported hypertension and current use of anti-hypertensive medicines. Participants were categorized into three groups according to midday nap duration, such as no napping (reference), short (&lt;1 h), and long (&gt; = 1 h). Multivariable regression models were applied to assess the potential association. Results: Of the 1755 included participants, 908 suffered from hypertension. Participants’ mean age was 55.86 years. 638 (36.35%) were men and 1117 (63.65%) were women. Compared to reference (no napping), fully adjusted odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of hypertension were 0.72 (0.57–0.92) in participants with long midday napping duration (&gt; = 1 h). Linear regression analyses showed that long midday nap duration (b = -2.78, 95% CI: -4.89, -0.67, P = 0.010) were significantly negative association with systolic blood pressure. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that long midday nap duration might decrease the risk of hypertension and reduce the levels of systolic blood pressure among rural population. These findings warrant further prospective studies in a larger population.

Lower utilization of home blood pressure monitoring in younger, poorly educated hypertensive males – real-life data

Background: Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) became a standard in the management of hypertension. However, there are few data concerning the utilisation of blood pressure (BP) monitors in daily clinical practice.Aim: The aim of this analysis was to show: (1) how frequently hypertensive patients are equipped with BP monitors, (2) how often they perform regular HBPM and running BP diaries, (3) what are the correlates of utilisation of BP monitors, in a large real-life cohort of hypertensives examined for the efficacy of antihypertensive therapy. Patients and methods: The survey was conducted by 570 physicians among 14,200 hypertensive patients, of whom 12,289 (6163 women; mean age 63 ± 12 years) declared use of antihypertensive medicines. Each patient was asked whether at home is having and using regularly or occasionally BP monitor and running BP diary. BP control was assessed based on the mean of two attended office BP measurements.Results: Among patient equipped with BP monitors (87.2%), 73.4% were conducting HBPM regularly, while 26.6% occasionally, and 66.9% were running BP diaries. Controlled BP was achieved by 34.5% (32.9% men and 36.1% women; p < .001), more frequently by equipped with BP monitors (34.9 vs 31.7%, p < .001). Female sex, education, professional activity, active lifestyle, older age, hypertensive polytherapy, longer than 5-year therapy for hypertension, and coexistence of diabetes were factors increasing, while alcohol consumption, visceral obesity and heart failure decreasing the probability of being equipped with BP monitor and running BP diary. Regular HBPM were more frequently among women, physically active, older, diabetics, viscerally obese and patients with coronary artery disease.Conclusions: (1) The majority of hypertensive Poles are already equipped with BP monitors, (2) three-fourth patients perform regular HBPM and two-third run BP diaries, (3) there is still a need to promote utilisation of BP monitors among younger, poorly educated hypertensive males.

A8906 PREVALENCE AND CONTROL OF HYPERTENSION IN THE ELDERLY

Objectives: Hypertension (HTN) is an important public health challenge. We aimed to determine the conditions of hypertension in the elderly population in China. Methods: A national wide survey on HTN was conducted from October 2012 to December 2015 using a stratified multistage random sampling method to obtain nation-wide sample collections representing the general population over 18 years across China. About 451,766 residents aged ≥18 years from 31 provinces in mainland China, out of them, 134,397 people aged 60 years or older were eligible for analysis. Systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥140 mmHg and/or /diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensive medicine within 2 weeks, was considered HTN. Systolic BP < 140 mmHg and diastolic BP < 90 mm Hg was defined as HTN control. Results: Overall, 53.2% of the Chinese population age 60 years or older had HTN, 32.8%, 30.3% and 1.32% for Pre-HTN, isolated systolic HTN and isolated diastolic HTN, respectively. The weighted prevalence of HTN increased significantly with aging. There were no significant differences in HTN prevalence between urban and rural residents (53.4% vs. 53.2%, P = 0.428). However, HTN prevalence was higher in females than males (55.3% vs. 51.1, P = 0.031). For individuals with HTN, 57.1% (95% CI: 54.8%–59.4%) were aware of their condition, 51.4% (95% CI: 49.0%–53.7%) were taking prescribed antihypertensive medication, and 18.2% (95% CI: 16.5%–20.0%) had controlled HTN. The awareness of HTN was higher in females than males (59.2% vs. 54.7%, P = 0.034), as well as in urban than rural (61.9% vs. 54.4%; P = 0.042). Conclusion: In China, more than half the elderly had HTN with a hallmark of isolated HTN, but the control were undesirable low. Special attention should be paid to improvethe control in China.

Prevalence and risk factors associated with hypertension and prehypertension in a working population at high altitude in China: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundLittle information is available on the epidemiology of hypertension and prehypertension at high altitude in China, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension, prehypertension and their risk factors among Chinese working population at high altitude regions.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was performed in an occupational sample of 4198 employees aged 20–59 years on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau between May to July 2013. Information from a self-administered questionnaire, physical examinations and laboratory measurements were obtained from each participant. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine the association of various risk factors with hypertension and prehypertension.ResultsThe total crude prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension was 28.1 and 41.5%, respectively; the overall standardized prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension was 26.7 and 41.3%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age, sex, ethnicity, job position, overweight or obesity, frequent drinking, family history of hypertension, diabetes and hyperuricemia were risk factors for hypertension, and age, sex, education, job position, overweight or obesity, current smoking and family history of hypertension were risk factors for prehypertension. Among the hypertensives, 36.5% were aware of their condition, 19.4% were being treated and 6.2% had their blood pressure (BP) controlled; among the treated hypertensives, 31.9% had their BP under control.ConclusionsThere is a high prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension in the working population at high altitude in China, but with very low awareness, treatment and control rates. Workplace-based BP screening and intervention programs that aim to modify risk factors such as high BMI, tobacco use, alcohol consumption and inappropriate use of antihypertensive medicine are urgently needed.

MP86-10 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OVERACTIVE BLADDER AND METABOLIC SYNDROME: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY AMONG JAPANESE MEN AND WOMEN.

You have accessJournal of UrologyGeneral & Epidemiological Trends & Socioeconomics: Practice Patterns, Quality of Life and Shared Decision Making V1 Apr 2017MP86-10 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OVERACTIVE BLADDER AND METABOLIC SYNDROME: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY AMONG JAPANESE MEN AND WOMEN. Yoshitaka Aoki, Chieko Matsumoto, Yosuke Matsuta, Hideaki Ito, Yukinori Kusaka, and Osamu Yokoyama Yoshitaka AokiYoshitaka Aoki More articles by this author , Chieko MatsumotoChieko Matsumoto More articles by this author , Yosuke MatsutaYosuke Matsuta More articles by this author , Hideaki ItoHideaki Ito More articles by this author , Yukinori KusakaYukinori Kusaka More articles by this author , and Osamu YokoyamaOsamu Yokoyama More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.2693AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been implicated in the aetiology of lower urinary symptoms and a few previous epidemiological studies have suggested a relationship between MetS and overactive bladder (OAB) in women. We thus aimed to evaluate the relationship between OAB and MetS or components of MetS among Japanese men and women. METHODS We collected data on 12,478 individuals (5,313 males and 7,165 females) who participated in a multiphasic health screening in 2015, in Fukui, Japan. As part of a multiphasic health screening, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol were measured. All participants were asked to answer a standardized self-reported questionnaire for OAB screening (SQOAB, Screening Questionnaire for Overactive Bladder) [Int J Urol, 2009].We analyzed the relationships between OAB and other variables including age, gender, waist circumference, high blood pressure, impaired glucose tolerance, and dyslipidemia. The relationships between OAB and MetS were also analyzed. MetS in the Japanese criteria was diagnosed in individuals who had a high waist circumference (≥ 85 cm in men and ≥ 90 cm in women) plus any 2 of the following: (a) high blood pressure (systolic blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg and/or current use of antihypertensive medicine); (b) impaired glucose tolerance (fasting glucose concentration ≥ 110 mg/dL and/or current use of antidiabetic medication); and (c) dyslipidemia (triglyceride concentration ≥ 150 mg/dL and/or HDL-cholesterol level < 40 mg/dL). The chi-square test and logistic regression modeling were used for statistical analyses. Values of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The median age of participants was 69 (18-95) years. The overall prevalence of OAB and MetS were 13.5% (11.2% for men and 15.2% for women) and 15.2% (24.5% for men and 8.2% for women), respectively. The prevalence was higher in older age groups. A significant association was found between OAB and MetS The age-adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) were 1.22 (1.06-1.39) for men and 1.49 (1.21-1.83) for women, respectively. We also analyzed the relationships between OAB and the number of components of MetS. In the multivariate analysis, a significant association was found between OAB and the following: age (odds ratio = 1.05) and high waist circumference (1.24) for men, and, age (1.04) , high waist circumference (1.42) and hyperglycemia (1.17) for women. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed the relationship between OAB and MetS in both men and women. These findings suggest that OAB is a facet of the MetS. © 2017FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 197Issue 4SApril 2017Page: e1160 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2017MetricsAuthor Information Yoshitaka Aoki More articles by this author Chieko Matsumoto More articles by this author Yosuke Matsuta More articles by this author Hideaki Ito More articles by this author Yukinori Kusaka More articles by this author Osamu Yokoyama More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Habitual intake of fermented milk products containing Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota and a reduced risk of hypertension in older people.

This study investigated relationships between the frequent intake of fermented milk products containing Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) and the onset of hypertension (resting systemic pressure ≥140 mmHg [systolic]/≥90 mmHg [diastolic], a doctor's diagnosis and/or antihypertensive medicine use) during a 5-year period in 352 communityliving Japanese aged 65 to 93 years (125 men and 227 women). Initially normotensive subjects were divided into two groups (n=254 and n=98) on the basis of their intake of fermented milk products (<3 or ≥3 times/week, respectively), as estimated during an interview by a certified nutritionist. The incidence of hypertension over the 5-year interval was significantly lower in those who took fermented milk products ≥3 rather than <3 times/week (6.1 vs 14.2%, P=0.037). A multivariate-adjusted proportional hazards model predicted that blood pressures were significantly more likely to remain normal over 5 years in subjects who took ≥3 fermented milk products rather than <3 times/ week (relative risk 0.398 [95% confidence interval 0.167-0.948], P=0.037). These results suggest that after adjustment for potential confounders, the risk of developing hypertension is substantially lower in elderly people who take fermented milk products containing LcS at least 3 times a week.

Prediction and Identification of Covariates of Intra-cerebral Hemorrhage

The authors investigate the effects of clinical covariates upon the outcome of Intra-cerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) patients by applying a discriminate model of logistic regression. About 985 patients’s data with ICH have been collected using the International classification of diseases; ninth revision codes are also included. Diagnostic codes (434 for stroke and 431 for ICH) were used to identify patients and confirmed by neuro-imaging of the patients using CT scan and MRI. A univariate analysis of 88 covariates was undertaken and 46 of them reached statistical significance at an acceptable level of p &lt; 0.05. The multivariable analysis exhibited a significant negative relationship between ICH and hypertension. The improvement among ICH patients having hypertension was found to be 0.5 with the p=0.001, ARR=0.5, 95% C.I. 0.3 – 0.8. The development among ICH patients using antihypertensive medicine was 1.3 with p = 0.021, ARR=1.3, 95% C.I. 1.0 – 1.6. Thus present study manifested that ICH has strong relationship with use of antihypertensive medicine. The rate of perfection in the patients physiological conditions using antihypertensive medicine at the time of discharge was 2.9 times acquiring p &lt; 0.001, ARR=2.9, 95% C.I. 2.7 – 3.2 as compared to those who could not use antihypertensive medicine. The change in ARR from 1.3 to 2.9 times depict that the exercise of antihypertensive medicine and ICH outcome are positively associated. The fluctuations in ARR of hypertensive range of systolic blood pressure (SBP) also indicate that the blood pressure range and ICH outcome are negatively correlated. The neurological symptomoatology, indistinct speech and double vision are important factors of proposed models. Moreover, a clear decrease was found in mental status from normal to coma in most suitable model. Surgery is an important part of recovery, and estimated that the improvement among the ICH patients, who were treated under surgical aspects, was 1.4 times with significant p-value in the best models. The complication of pneumonia during treatment of ICH subjects has highly significant showing negative correlation with the given outcome variable. The current model has 89.3% area under the curve with sensitivity (82.6%), specificity (81.3%) and p-value (0.308). This indicates that the constructed model bestows the well performance of the ICH outcome and the model is considered as excellent.