Anti-terrorist Operation Zone Research Articles

The Emotional Sphere of Women Staying in the Anti-Terrorist Operation Zone for a Long Time

In Ukraine, an anti-terrorist operation, carried out on a significant territory of the country (about 20 percent) has been going on for eight years. All this time, hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians stay in stressful conditions. Changes occur in cognitive, behavioral, value-motivational, emotional and other spheres of these people personality. One of the risk groups is middle-aged people, because the key tasks for this stage of a person's life become difficult to implement. In women, the emotional component of this process is more intense than in men, which becomes an additional stress factor in this situation. There are studies on the emotional component in interpersonal relationships in these women, their tendency to affect, the consequences of receiving traumatic experience, impulsiveness, etc. However, the number of studies on the peculiarities of basic emotions manifestation, level indicators of anxiety, aggressiveness and other components of the emotional sphere remains insignificant, which would make it possible to develop appropriate psychocorrective programs. The purpose of the study was to identify the features of emotional sphere in middle-aged women who have been in the area of anti-terrorist operation (ATO) for a long time. Research methods – a technique for measuring the level of anxiety (J. Taylor), a scale of differential emotions (K. Izard), a technique for detecting the level of aggressiveness (Bassa-Darky). Mathematical and statistical processing - φ-criterion Fisher's angular transformation. The subjects were 40 middle-aged women employed with higher education. They are divided into two groups of 20: according to the criterion, they were in the area of anti-terrorist operation (ATO) for a long time and had never been in the specified territory. Conclusions: for the emotional sphere of middle-aged women who have been for a long time (at least 5 years) in the area of anti-terrorist operation (ATO), the phenomena of "level decrease of emotions of the positive spectrum" and "level increase of aggressiveness" and a high general level of anxiety are characteristic. In the anxiety-depressive spectrum of the emotional sphere, guilt becomes the dominant emotion. There is a tendency to increase more open forms of aggressiveness, but the manifestation of anger, on the contrary, is becoming more moderate.

Мixed anxious and depressive reaction during adaptation disorder in participants during anti-terrorist operation

Adaptation disorder is caused by emotional and stressful factors. Stress - the state of tension of adaptation mechanisms. Since the war is still going on in our country, the military often has this nosology.
 These factors do not endanger a person's physical and mental health, but they do cause a pathological state of negative emotions that disrupts the adaptive response. Critical situations experienced by patients cause distress, which is experienced as grief, unhappiness, exhaustion and is accompanied by a violation of adaptation, control, prevents self-actualization of the individual.
 Thus, the occurrence of adaptation disorders (AD) in victims of the anti-terrorist operation (ATO), in people with extremely high personal anxiety, stress intensity, social situation in which he operates, personal characteristics of the victim and his biological vulnerability, with serious somatic diseases , disabled people, people who lost their parents in early childhood or lacked maternal care. Vulnerability to the disorder is also increased by premorbid burden of trauma.
 Clinical manifestations of patients with maladaptation were more often presented in the form of anxiety and depression. Mixed subvariant (anxiety-depressive) meets the diagnostic criteria of heading F 43.22 "Mixed anxiety and depressive reaction" and is characterized by a combination of clinical signs of two options in one patient.
 The article analyzes various psychological features of AD experience in combatants. It was found that 66.9% of soldiers out of 898 respondents who were demobilized from the ATO zone have pronounced anxiety and depressive symptoms of various degrees. The urgency of this issue is to determine the criteria for psychodiagnostics of the distribution of this condition, which is essential for the treatment of such patients.
 Purpose: to evaluate the algorithm of clinical psychodiagnostics of AD (F43) on the basis of research of clinical and psychopathological features and pathopsychological characteristics of patients affected by anti-terrorist operation. Mixed anxiety and depressive reaction (F 43.22).
 Materials and methods: On the basis of the municipal non-profit enterprise "Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Hospital of War Veterans of Vinnytsia Regional Council" (MNE "VRCHWV VRC"), for the period from 2016-2020 898 patients were examined, where the main research methods were: socio-demographic (questionnaire), clinical-anamnestic, clinical-psychopathological (clinical interview), psychodiagnostic, statistical.
 Results: In the course of this experimental study, the severity of emotional disorders in the study group was determined, data variability was determined and statistical and mathematical analysis of the survey results was performed. There was a significant correlation between indicators of situational, personal, general mental anxiety and depression by Pearson's correlation coefficients (P <0,01).
 Conclusions: AD occurs as a result of extraordinary events, as well as under the influence of stress, which does not reach an extraordinary or catastrophic level. The development of AD may be preceded by an acute stress reaction.
 Determining the clinical and psychopathological features of the predominant variants of adaptation disorders in the victims of the ATO is the basis for the development of new diagnostic algorithms and integrated approaches to the treatment of this contingent. With the timely detection of these symptoms, former combatants become less dangerous to others, thus having less traumatic impact on themselves and their families.
 A good prognosis correlates with the rapid development of symptoms, good social adaptation in premorbid, the presence of social support and the absence of concomitant mental and other diseases.

Inheritance in the occupied territories and in the area of antiterrorism operation: the experience of Ukraine

The authors of this paper have covered the issues of the features of inheritance in the anti-terrorist operation zone and the occupied territories. The innovations that came into force in 2018 were taken into account. It is specified that the occupied territories in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions are recognized as parts of the territory of Ukraine, on which the armed formations of the Russian Federation and the occupation administration of the Russian Federation have established and exercise general control. Within the temporarily occupied territories, there is a special procedure for ensuring the rights and freedoms of the civilian population, determined by the legislation of Ukraine. Therefore, the procedure for registering inheritance is unchanged throughout Ukraine. The authors analyzed information on the procedure for obtaining inheritance under the law, by testament, and under an inheritance contract. Attention is focused on the fact that inheritance is a derivative way of the emergence of property rights, and universal legal succession – the transfer of the entire scope of rights, obligations, and items of property from the deceased to the heirs. Besides, timely and accurate fulfillment of their obligations allows formalizing the inheritance in time following the provisions of laws. Testamentary succession occurs if a deceased person drew up a testament before death, and the testament is valid. In its absence, inheritance occurs under the law. Hereditary succession takes place in the following cases: absence of the testament; invalidation of the testament; death of the heirs indicated in the testament before the opening of inheritance or their refusal to accept inheritance; the testator canceled a previously drawn up testament and did not leave a new one; the testament is judicially declared invalid; if the testament does not cover all the property belonging to the testator.

Хірургічна тактика лікування вогнепальних поранень кінцівок в умовах багатопрофільної лікарні

Із зони антитерористичної операції в приймальному відділенні лікарні ім. І.І. Мечникова в період з 09.05.2014 р. по 09.01.16 р. було прийнято 1809 пацієнтів з вогнепальними пораненнями. Серед загальної кількості постраждалих у 978 (54 %) були вогнепальні поранення кінцівок. У кожному третьому випадку (у 31,5 %) відмічались вогнепальні переломи. Тактика лікування вогнепальних поранень залежала від тяжкості стану постраждалих. У стабільних хворих (90,8 %) при вогнепальних переломах виконували хірургічну обробку перелому й остеосинтез апаратом зовнішньої фіксації. У нестабільних і критичних хворих (9,2 %) з пошкодженнями кісток застосовували тактику damage control. Вогнепальні поранення кінцівок є тяжкими пошкодженнями, і основним принципом їх лікування є послідовна первинна й повторна хірургічна обробка ран. Виконана одночасно з комплексною протишоковою терапією, вона запобігає розвитку тяжких гнійних ускладнень, навіть при значних пошкодженнях.

Аналіз зовнішнього впливу Російської Федерації на військовослужбовців збройних сил України через засоби мобільного зв’язку

The article examines the external influence of the Russian Federation (RF) on servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) through mobile communications. The purpose of the article is to systematize information on the use of mobile communications in the framework of the Russian Federation information and psychological impact on Ukrainian servicemen in the area of the Anti-Terrorist Operation (ATO). It was emphasized that the active influence on the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine by the units of the information operations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is connected with the beginning of the Anti-Terrorist Operation (ATO) in Donetsk and Luhansk regions and continues to this day. The main forms of influence on the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine through the means of mobile communication are highlighted: sending messages of a demoralizing nature; determining the location of units of the Armed Forces for further fire damage; disruption of the cellular communication system with the use of electronic warfare; use of mobile phones as an additional source of leaks of official information; collecting information on the organizational and staffing structure of the Armed Forces. In order to demoralize the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and disrupt the tasks assigned to them, SMS messages with threats and insults and telephone calls to the military and their relatives are actively used. The main ways of using mobile networks by the enemy, which give access to the intelligence services of the Russian Federation to information about the location of the subscriber: through the activities of companies providing mobile services that are wholly or partly owned by Russian citizens; through means of electronic warfare (military system RB-341V "Leer-3", which suppresses GSM communications through interference transmitted from unmanned aerial vehicles). The work of the commanders of the units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine on preventing the influence of the enemy through the means of mobile communication on Ukrainian soldiers is outlined. It was found out that during the fighting in the ATO (OOS) zone, servicemen were forbidden to carry individual means of communication (mobile devices) and information. These tools were used under the control of commanders at a strictly allotted time and place.

Стан здоров’я і показники стрес-регулюючих систем у дітей з кардіоревматологічними захворюваннями із зони антитерористичної операції

Мета: дати характеристику стану здоров’я дітей із зони антитерористичної операції (АТО) на сході України з кардіоревматологічною патологією і вивчити у них показники стрес-регулюючих систем. Матеріали та методи. Проведено клініко-інструментальне обстеження 126 дітей віком 8–18 років, із них 92 дитини із зони антитерористичної операції і 34 дитини-переселенця з Донецької та Луганської областей. Групу порівняння становили 509 дітей того ж віку з Харківської області і міста Харкова. Інтенсивність стрес-реалізуючих систем визначали за рівнем кортизолу, ТБК-активних продуктів і дієнових кон’югатів у сироватці крові, адреналіну і норадреналіну в добовій сечі. Стан стрес-лімітуючих систем оцінювали за вмістом серотоніну, відновленого глутатіону, активності глутатіонпероксидази і супероксиддисмутази (СОД) у крові і мелатоніну в сечі. Результати. У структурі соматичної патології у дітей і підлітків із зони військових дій на сході України кардіоревматологічні захворювання посідають друге місце, перше місце належить хворобам органів травлення. У 34,1 % дітей, які вперше потрапили в клініку інституту, погіршення стану здоров’я настало на тлі психоемоційного напруження і відсутності умов для лікування за основним місцем проживання. У структурі скарг пацієнтів переважали астеноневротичні, які вірогідно частіше зустрічалися у дітей першої групи. Також найчастіше діагностували різні психосоматичні розлади, захворювання органів травлення і ендокринопатії. Вивчення стрес-регулюючих систем у дітей із зони АТО виявило деякі відмінності в показниках з урахуванням нозологічної приналежності. Так, у хворих з серцево-судинною патологією відзначалася активація стрес-реалізуючих систем, а у дітей з ревматичними захворюваннями — напруга стрес-лімітуючих систем. Виявлені зміни рівня мелатоніну та активності СОД у пацієнтів із захворюваннями органів кровообігу із зони АТО свідчать про дисбаланс антиоксидантів ферментної і неферментної природи, що може призвести до виникнення оксидативного стресу як однієї зі складових посттравматичного стресового розладу. Таким чином, отримані дані необхідно враховувати при складанні індивідуальних програм відновного лікування дітям і підліткам з кардіоревматологічною патологією із зони військових дій з урахуванням супутньої патології. Висновки. У дітей із зони військових дій виявлено дисбаланс компонентів антиоксидантного стресу, відповідальних за стресостійкість організму до факторів пошкодження. Встановлено активацію стрес-реалізуючих систем при хворобах органів кровообігу і напругу стрес-лімітуючих систем при ревматичних захворюваннях.

EMOTIONAL AND SEMANTIC DOMINANT IN THE POETRY OF THE PARTICIPANTS IN JOINT FORCES OPERATION

The aim of this article is to identify the emotional and semantic dominant in the poetry of the participants in the Joint Forces Operation. Materials & Methods. The study is carried out from the standpoint of a comprehensive psycholinguistic approach based on the integration of discourse analysis and psychoanalytic interpretation. To recognize the emotional and semantic dominant in the poetry of the participants in the Joint Forces Operation, the basic emotion theory is important. Decomposing complex emotions into simpler pieces of basic emotions makes it possible to determine the emotional and semantic dominant of a text. Materials to conduct this research are poetry of the participants in the Joint Forces Operation that is posted on Facebook social media accounts “Poems of ATO. Soldier”, “Songs created in the zone of Anti-Terrorist Operation”. Results & discussions. The poetry is characterized by paired combinations of the emotion of anger with emotions of fear, disgust, sadness, grief and joy. Anger also becomes the main element of complex emotions consisting of several components. The semantic dominant in the poetry from the perspective of the emotion of anger can be expressed as “I hate war”. Expression of intensity of combatants’ suffering is achieved in poetry by conveying sthenic emotion resulting in increased activity, which we denote as grief, and asthenic emotion which doesn’t encourage further action, which we denote as sadness. The semantic dominant in the poetry from the perspective of grief and sadness can be considered as a cry for help. Emotion of fear in the poetry can be associated with the emergence of “existential anxiety”, a core of which lies in a person’s perception of the threat of non-being (mortality). In the poetry the emotion of fear often adjoins the emotion of guilt. The semantic dominant in the poetry from the perspective of the emotions of fear and guilt is understanding of death and immortality in the philosophical and religious context. In contrast to negative emotions associated with the past or present, the emotion of joy refers to the future tense. The semantic dominant in the poetry from the perspective of the emotion of joy is the idea of peace. Conclusions. Basic emotions of anger, grief, sadness prevail in the poetry of the participants in the Joint Forces Operation. However, any emotion is not in its own right, it exists in manifold combinations with other basic emotions creating different conglomerates. The general semantic dominant in the poetry of the participants in the Joint Forces Operation is “No to war”.

Biosuggestive therapyin the treatment system of stress-related disorders in internally displaced persons

A comprehensive examination of 86 internally displaced persons from Anti-Terrorist Operation zone with stress-related disorders was conducted. Patients were both sexes, aged 18-55 years. The main group (MG) consisted of 50 patients who in addition to standard treatment according to clinical protocols received a course of biosuggestive therapy, control group (CG) consisted of 36 patients who received standard therapy according to clinical protocols. According to the study data obtained during on the background of therapy in patients of the main group there was a more pronounced decrease in anxiety and depression on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales (HDRS, HAM-A). The clinical data were received about reduction of symptoms of anxiety and depression from clinically expressed values to subclinical during use of biosuggestive therapy at patients of the MG, in comparison with scores by the same scales at patients of CG. The use of biosuggestive therapy in the complex treatment of patients with anxiety and mixed anxiety-depressive disorders has a positive effect on the feeling of psychological well-being, strengthening the sense of belonging and personal realization, improving interpersonal relationships, feeling of support from relatives and society, which affects the overall perception of quality of life, and most importantly reduces main symptoms and level of mental stress. Keywords: stress-related disorders, biosuggestive therapy, anxiety, depression.

Phenomenology of non-psychotic mental disorders in injured combatants

According to the UN, the victims of the armed conflict in Ukraine were 6,764 people (including civilians), 16,877 people were injured, and the number of temporarily internally displaced persons exceeded 2.3 million. As of January 1, 2020, there are 459,655 participants in hostilities in Ukraine. Due to today’s challenges, non-psychotic mental disorders are a serious problem in general and especially in military psychiatry. 115 servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine who took a direct part in hostilities in the Anti-Terrorist Operation zone were surveyed. All subjects were divided into two groups. The main group included 60 combatants who had injury and non-psychotic mental disorders, the comparison group included 55 combatants with non-psychotic mental disorders who were not injured. It has been determined that in the structure of non-psychotic mental disorders in the examined patients there was a severe level of depression (at 89.1% and 79.2%) and anxiety (at 95.6% and 94.4%) by the Hamilton Scale, subclinical manifestations of depression (at 56.8% and 49.9%) and clinical manifestations of anxiety (at 69.8% and 66.5%) by a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The phenomenological structure of non-psychotic mental disorders in combatants who were injured is represented by the predominance of depressive, anxious, asthenic and psychosomatic syndrome. Keywords: injuries, non-psychotic mental disorders, combatants, stress.

Медико-психологічний погляд на проблему розладів адаптації у студентів

На основі ідентифікації і комплексного оцінювання клініко-психологічних проявів і механізмів формування дезадаптивних станів у студентів-медиків обґрунтовано й розроблено систему заходів їхньої психотерапевтичної корекції. Проведено комплексне обстеження 412 студентів ІІ–V курсів Харківського національного медичного університету обох статей у віці 17–22 років. Усіх обстежених було розподілено на три групи: 1-ша – 215 студентів – мешканців східної України; 2-га – 87 студентів – мешканців Луганської та Донецької областей, які поступили до навчання у ХНМУ до початку АТО; 3-тя – 110 студентів – переселенців із зони АТО. Показано, що у студентів-переселенців більш високий рівень розладів адаптації, ніж у студентів 1-ї та 2-ї груп. Установлено, що розлади адаптації представлені депресивним, неврастенічним, тривожним та дисоціативним синдромокомплексами. Прогностично значущими в формуванні розладів адаптації є збудливість і неврівноваженість, конфліктність у відносинах, тривожна помисливість, дезорганізація поведінки, неспроможність до саморегуляції, нездатність успішно долати стресові ситуації, діяти за умов невизначеності, ригідність, фіксованість на травматичних і негативних переживаннях. Розроблена система корекції розладів адаптації у студентів-медиків шляхом медико-психологічної підтримки, яка полягала в індивідуалізованому застосуванні психотерапевтичного й психоосвітнього впливів. Відмічено позитивну динаміку психологічного стану: швидку редукцію тривожної та депресивної симптоматики, зниження рівня нервово-психічного напруження, підвищення психофізичної активності студентів та позитивну зміну копінг-стратегії.

ДОСВІД ПІДГОТОВКИ ОФІЦЕРІВ У НАЦІОНАЛЬНІЙ АКАДЕМІЇ СУХОПУТНИХ ВІЙСЬК ІМЕНІ ГЕТЬМАНА ПЕТРА САГАЙДАЧНОГО В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ НА СХОДІ УКРАЇНИ

This article examines the experience of training officers at the Hetman Petro Sagaidachny National Army Academy during the aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine (2014 - 2018). It is noted that 2014 was the most difficult year for the Ukrainian army, but it was then that a mechanism of radical changes was launched to reform and strengthen it. A significant contribution to the training of the officer corps of the Land Forces is made by the leading military university of Ukraine – National Army Academy. Experience of training cadets of this. Higher military educational institution during the years of anti-terrorist operation and Joint Forces Operation. Generalization of combat experience in the anti-terrorist operation zone is the basis of educational material. The Academy is considering new issues related to the use of troops, theory and practice of modern hybrid warfare, which is at the intersection of political and force components. Scientists study issues of information warfare, extension of the resource of armaments and military equipment in the field, improvement of shooting techniques, etc.

Combat in the ATO (Anti-Terrorist Operation) Zone in September—December 2014

The article analyzes military and political events in eastern Ukraine in September–December 2014, considers tactical miscalculations of ATO headquarters. It is noted that since September 2014, ATO forces have been significantly limited in their actions by the President and the Government of Ukraine, who justified their prohibitions by the Minsk Protocol. Despite the fact that the dubious “Minsk Memorandum” was de facto thwarted by pro-Russian terrorists in early October 2014, Ukrainian military aircraft had not been used at all since September 2014, and artillery was under constant restrictions and orders “from above” to hold fire. This enabled the LPR / DPR terrorist groups to rearrange for further aggressive actions, and, under the Kremlin leadership, to create two “army corps” from separate gangs, modelled on modern corps of the Russian Armed Forces. It is argued that since the beginning of the armed confrontation in the spring of 2014 in eastern Ukraine, pro-Russian groups have included a significant number of militants from the Northern Caucasus, controlled by R. Kadyrov. Separate assault units were formed from “Kadyrov soldiers”; such groups, in particular, operated in the Donetsk International Airport area in October–November 2014. It is noted that as a result of the fighting on December 4, 2014 in Grozny (Russian Federation), significant forces of Kadyrov’s terrorist groups were urgently withdrawn from Ukraine to the territory of the Russian Federation (North Caucasus). This significantly weakened the DPR forces, especially in the positions near the Donetsk International Airport, the regrouping and rotation of pro-Russian terrorists lasting for several days. Despite this, the then top Ukrainian officials did not take advantage of the temporary predicament of the aggressor country. Moreover, a ceasefire was declared at the meeting of the National Security and Defense Council, although at that time a tense situation persisted along the entire confrontation line, and violent clashes took place in the area of the Donetsk International Airport. Thus, the lull was beneficial to the terrorist group for the urgent rotation of Kadyrov’s militants, who were spreading to the North Caucasus. It is noted that the analysis of the events of 2014 is extremely relevant due to the possible escalation of the armed aggression of the Kremlin regime.

Pathogenetic ally based psychotherapeutic targets of adjustment disorders in young internally displaced persons

Pathogenetically substantiated psychotherapeutic targets of adjustment disorders were developed in young people of internally displaced persons. 105 patients with adjustment disorders aged 18-25 years were examined with studying their clinical-psychopathological and pathopsychological features. The main group consisted of 59 internally displaced persons from the Anti-Terrorist Operation Zone, the control group consisted of 46 permanent residents of Kharkiv. According to the leading strategy of overcoming stress, 3 variants of adjustment disorders were identified in the surveyed young people: avoidance (in 35.9 % persons from main group and in 27.3 % persons from the control group), obsession (in 29.8 % and 36.9 % persons), phobias (in 34.3 % and 35.8 % persons). There are three directions of psychotherapeutic influence on clinical and pathopsychological manifestations of adjustment disorders: I direction is to manifestations of distress, depression and anxiety with phobic avoidance; II direction is to manifestations of obsession and avoidance; III direction is to manifestations of disorientation in the surroundings. Targets of psychotherapy of adjustment disorders in young internally displaced persons have been developed: clinical-psychopathological (anxiety in unusual situations, disorganization in actions, high level of reactive anxiety, subdepressive state, anti-vital experiences) and personal (low activity, selective communication, short-term anxiety, inability to fully disconnect from troubles and everyday problems).

Поширеність депресивних розладів серед хворих на цукровий діабет, які мешкають у зоні АТО та в інших областях України

Мета — визначити поширеність депресивних розладів серед хворих на цукровий діабет, які мешкають у зоні проведення АТО (антитерористичної операції) та в інших областях України поза зоною ведення військових дій. Матеріал і методи. Обстежено 253 хворих на цукровий діабет 1-го (ЦД1) і 2-го типів (ЦД2) середньої та тяжкої форм із різних областей України, у тому числі 30 пацієнтів із зони АТО, які перебували на стаціонарному лікуванні в діабетологічному відділенні ДУ «Інститут ендокринології та обміну речовин ім. В.П. Комісаренка НАМН України». Оцінку психоемоційного стану проводили опитуванням хворих за шкалами Бека та PHQ‑9. Результати. За даними опитування хворих, які мешкали в різних областях поза зоною АТО, депресивні розлади зареєстровано в 150 з 230 хворих (67,3%) за шкалою Бека та в 136 пацієнтів (61,0%) — за шкалою PHQ‑9. Водночас серед 30 обстежених, які мешкали в зоні АТО, депресивну симптоматику виявлено в 16 (53,3%) за шкалою Бека та в 19 (63,3%) — за шкалою PHQ‑9, що не склало суттєвої різниці з групою хворих з інших областей України (p>0,05). Серед 150 хворих із депресією які мешкали поза зоною АТО, за шкалою Бека діагностовано депресивний синдром різного ступеня: у 76 (50,2%) — легкого, у 33 (22,0%) — помірного, у 32 (21,3%) — вираженого та в 9 (6,0%) — тяжкого. За шкалою PHQ‑9 у 78 (57,4%) з 150 осіб знайдено мінімальні прояви депресії, у 37 (27,2%) — легку, у 12 (8,8%) — виражену (середньої тяжкості) та в 9 (6,6%) — тяжку депресія. Серед 16 хворих із зони АТО з виявленою депресією за шкалою Бека спостерігалася депресивна симптоматика: у 8 — легкого ступеня, у 2 — помірного, у 4 — виражена та у 2 пацієнтів — тяжка. За шкалою PHQ‑9 у більшості з них (9 пацієнтів)знайдено мінімальні прояви депресії: у 7– легку, в 1 — виражену депресію та у 2 хворих — тяжку. Проведений аналіз показав відсутність статистичної різниці в розподіленні пацієнтів за ступенем тяжкості депресії між хворими із зони АТО та тими, хто мешкають в інших областях України (р>0,05). Висновки. Депресивні розлади є досить частими серед стаціонарних хворих на ЦД — вони виявляються в 61,0-67,3% випадків. Негативні соціальні чинники, пов’язані з мешканням у зоні АТО протягом 6-18 міс., суттєво не вплинули ані на частоту, ані на ступінь депресивного синдрому, що може вказувати на незалежний характер депресивних розладів на тлі ЦД.

Проблемні питання організації медичного забезпечення Збройних Сил України в антитерористичній операції на сході країни

У статті проаналізовані проблеми медичного забезпечення ЗС України в зоні антитерористичної операції. Акцентовано увагу на основних напрямах удосконалення медичного забезпечення Збройних Сил України в зоні АТО, необхідності організації взаємодії медичних служб різних міністерств і відомств в єдиному медичному просторі держави, формуванні сучасної системи лікувально-евакуаційного забезпечення з метою своєчасного надання медичної допомоги, проведення якісного лікування військовослужбовців до кінцевого результату.

Problems of inheritance in the anti-terrorist operation zone and in the occupied territories

In this article, the authors reveal the issue of inheritance in the anti-terrorist operation zone and in the occupied territories. The institution of inheritance in the civil law system is one of the most important issues of research, its importance is due to the fact that the object of inheritance is the right of ownership. The issue of inheritance in the controlled territories remains relevant. This applies to both subjects and objects of inheritance rights. The article emphasizes that in accordance with the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine and the Constitution of Ukraine, the sovereignty of Ukraine extends to its entire territory, which within the internationally recognized state border is integral and inviolable. Indicated. That within the temporarily occupied territories there is a special procedure for ensuring the rights and freedoms of the civilian population, defined by the legislation of Ukraine. Individuals, regardless of their registration as internally displaced persons or their acquisition of special legal status, and legal entities retain the right of ownership, other real rights to property, including immovable property, including land plots temporarily occupied territories, if such property is acquired in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine. It is noted that the activities of armed groups and the occupation administration are illegal, and any act issued in connection with such activities is invalid and does not create any legal consequences. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the process of inheritance on Ukrainian lands is unchanged, namely, by will and by law. Inheritance by will occurs if the deceased person made a will before death and it is valid. In his absence there is an inheritance by law. Inheritance by law takes place in the following cases: absence of a will; invalidation of the will; the death of the heirs specified in the will before the opening of the inheritance or their refusal to accept the inheritance; the testator revoked a previously made will and left no new one; the will was declared invalid by a court; if the will does not cover all the property belonging to the testator.

Psychological Help for the Injured Servicemen Experiencing Phantom Pains

The article deals with the peculiarities of the functioning of the servicemen’s psyche, who have lost their limbs as a result of combat injury and are experiencing phantom pain. It was found out that the mental state of a serviceman, who has suffered a traumatic limb amputation, can be identified with a state of acute grief. The peculiarities of psychological help for the injured servicemen, combatants, experiencing phantom pains, were investigated. The consequences of staying in extreme situations were described. The fact of amputation leads to the collapse of all life prospects of a serviceman, a reassessment of one's self, a significant decrease in the level of harassment and often to the loss of the meaning of life. The problems faced by the servicemen after returning from the zone of anti-terrorist operation were revealed. Post-amputation phantom pain was reported in 69% of left-sided and 31% of right-sided amputations. It was found out, that the patient, who is feeling the amputated limb, continues to consider it a complete organ, but with pain. Presence of pain intensifies the feeling, that the lost limb was not damaged. Phantom pain is localised in a special form of expression - a symbol and is irradiating. The main directions of psychotherapy in the work with servicemen were outlined, examples of methods of the mirror therapy for overcoming phantom pains were given.

Overcoming The Socio-Economic Consequences Of Military Conflict in Ukraine And The Impact Investment Of Post-Conflict Recovery Of Anti-Terrorist Operation

The article analyzes the socio-economic consequences of the armed conflict for the economic development of the ATO regions. The key problems related to the temporarily occupied territories were identified, the directions of their solution and the role that impact investment can play in this were specified. A dynamic analysis of indicators of socio-economic development of Ukrainian economy as a whole and in the regional context for the period from 2012 to 2019 was conducted. It is determined that the loss of territorial control has led to a significant deterioration of the economy in Ukraine; the assessment of losses of economic potential at the anti-terrorist operation zone was carried out. The social component of this issue is analyzed separately, namely, how the conflict affected the population, the loss of human capital, in particular due to mass displacement. These include human losses, forced displacement, destruction of physical infrastructure, disruption of so-called soft economic infrastructure (for example, existing links between sellers and consumers). Given the scale of losses and consequences, we can talk about a wide range of areas for impact investment, related to economic recovery in post-conflict regions. The article presents a list of steps to restore the occupied territories, which can be translated into the plane of solving socio-economic problems, as well as an assessment of the overall needs for the restoration of government-controlled areas of the ATO. This allowed us to conclude that the restoration of infrastructure is one of the most promising areas for attracting investment and implementing impact investment. However, a study of this area for investment revealed that not all areas will be cost-effective and attractive to investors. Therefore, the direction of impact investments immediately after the political settlement of the conflict in Donbass in infrastructure should be expected only in the field of telecommunications. Other sectors will receive private investment only after a few years of stability, so only public financial support and public investment policy should be considered a key source of funding. Keywords: socio-economic consequences, recovery, military conflict, impact investment, loss assessment, development.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОСОБИСТІСНОГО БЛАГОПОЛУЧЧЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ, ЩО ПЕРЕБУВАЛИ В ЗОНІ АТО

In Ukrainian military psychology, the emphasis is on mitigating the effects of post-traumatic stress on servicemen. Little attention is paid to the prevention and study of the positive functioning of combatants. In the study of personal well-being of servicemen, its psychological aspect is presented, social and emotional well-being was less studied. Personal well-being is seen as an integral personal formation that provides a person with the conditions for positive actions and experiencing a successful relationship. The results of an empirical study of the personal wellbeing of ATO participants are presented (N = 107). It is shown that all components of personal well-being: emotional, social and psychological well-being have a higher level in servicemen who were in the antiterrorist operation zone, compared to non-military men. Satisfaction with life of anti-terrorist operation participants is more related to their own assessment of achievements, personal characteristics and actions, while non-combatants’ satisfaction with life depends more on assessments of the social environment. Achieving individual goals is more important for non-military. The goals of servicemen are more socially oriented, they feel the social value of their activities, and therefore see more meaning in their lives. The criterion for assessing the personal success of the participants of the anti-terrorist operation is only their own feelings; they tend to pay less attention to social approval. The obtained data are relevant for the Chernihiv region.

Психологічні особливості опрацювання травматичного досвіду спільнотою воїнів, які набули бойовий досвід в АТО/ООС

У межах теоретичного підходу до вивчення особливостей колективного проживання травматичних подій (Штомпка, 2001) розглянуто психологічні стратегії опрацювання військовою спільнотою пережитого бойового досвіду. Ці стратегії інтерпретовано як частково не усвідомлювані, спрощені моделі поведінки, які можна проаналізувати за проявами когнітивного, конативного та поведінкового компонентів. Показано, що військовослужбовці, які були учасниками АТО/ООС, стикаються з труднощами відреагування травматичного досвіду, пристосування та адаптації до мирного життя. На основі результатів емпіричного дослідження виокремлено типові способи подолання травми військовослужбовцями, які мають бойовий досвід участі в АТО/ООС: контрольованість і доброзичливість зовнішнього світу; неконтрольованість зовнішнього світу; рефлексивне осмислення бойового досвіду; суб’єктивне переживання власного везіння; інтроспективна сконцентрованість; гостре переживання травми; сконцентрованість на власних емоціях; сконцентрованість на власних роздумах; застрягання в травматичному досвіді; позитивний образ себе і світу; відчуження від себе і світу. За ступенем адаптивного потенціалу виокремлені стратегії було поділено на дві групи – консервативно-рутинні і проактивно-трансформаційні. До консервативно-рутинних стратегій віднесено: гостре переживання травми, сконцентрованість на власних емоціях, сконцентрованість на власних роздумах, неконтрольованість зовнішнього світу, інтроспективну сконцентрованість, відчуження від себе і світу; до проактивно-трансформаційних – контрольованість та доброзичливість зовнішнього світу, позитивний образ себе та світу, рефлексивне осмислення бойового досвіду, суб’єктивне переживання власного везіння. Показано, що в процесі адаптації одні стратегії використовуються як тимчасові, перехідні до більш зрілих або, навпаки, більш регресивних, інфантильних реакцій, тоді як інші вже сформовані та закріплені в досвіді українських спільнот. Такий підхід дає змогу здійснювати диференційоване психологічне втручання, ефективно долати конкретні деструктивні стани, які провокують дезадаптивну поведінку військовослужбовців.