anti-HMGB1 Group Research Articles

The role of high mobility group box 1 in the signaling pathways of mouse intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury

To investigate the role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the signaling pathway of mouse intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Twenty-four Specific Pathogen free male C57BL / 6 mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8) : the sham operation group (sham), the control group(control) and the HMGB1 antibody group (anti-HMGB1). The vehicle alone or anti-HMGB1 antibody(1 mg/kg, 0. 025%) was injected respectively via the caudal vein 30 min prior to ischemia in the control group or the anti-HMGB1 group. All mice were anesthetized,opened abdominal wall and exposed arteria mesenterica superior. The control group and the anti-HMGBl group underwent 60 min of mesenteric ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion and the sham group were merely opened abdominal wall for 120 min without ischemia-reperfusion. The levels of NF-κB p65, IL-6 and TNF-α in plasma and the activity of MPO in lung and liver and the morphological changes of lung and intestinal tissue were measured. The mRNA levels of HMGB1 and NF-κB were evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR and the protein levels of HMGB1 and NF-KB were evaluated using Western blot. The experimental data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. The levels of IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB p65 in plasma was significantly higher in the control group and the anti-HMGB1 group compared with the sham group (the sham group vs. the control group vs. the anti-HMGB1 group, NF-κB p65, 104. 64 ± 11. 89: 228. 53 ± 24. 85: 145. 00 ± 33. 63, F = 38. 036, P <0. 05; IL-6,50. 02 ± 6. 33:104. 91 ± 31. 18:62. 28 ± 6. 73, F = 49. 763, P < 0. 05; TNF-α, 43. 79 ± 4. 18: 70. 81 ± 6. 97: 52. 76 ± 5. 71, F = 34. 571, P < 0. 05). The increasing degree in the anti- HMGB1 group was significantly reduced compared with the control group (P <0. 05). The activity of MPO of liver and lung in the control group and the anti-HMGB1 group was significantly higher than those in the sham group (P <0. 05). Compared with the sham group, the degree of tissue injury in jejunum, ileum and lung was serious in the control group, and that in the anti-HMGB1 group was significantly lower than the control group. The expression of HMGB1 mRNA and NF-κB mRNA in the lung and the ileum in the sham group and the control group were all higher than the sham group (HMGB1 mRNA in lung: sham group 1. 04 ± 0. 19 vs. control group 2. 25 ± 0. 18 vs. anti-HMGB1 group 1. 89 0. 18, F = 66. 203, P < 0. 05; in ileum: 1. 14 ± 0. 54 vs. 6. 26 ± 0. 60 vs. 4. 93 0. 55, F = 133. 427, P < 0. 05; NF-κB mRNA in lung: 1. 03 ± 0. 21 vs. 2. 04 ± 0. 29 vs. 1. 42 ± 0. 23, F =26. 229, P < 0. 05; ileum: 1. 03 ± 0. 23 vs. 3. 71 ± 0. 53 vs. 2. 23 ± 0. 55, F = 50. 477, P <0. 05). Subjected to intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, the protein expression of HMGB1 and NF-κB in the lung, jejunum and ileum in the control group and the anti-HMGB1 group increased compared with the sham group(P <0. 05), but that was significantly lower in the anti-HMGB1 group than the control group (P <0. 05). The administration of anti-HMGB1 antibodies may reduce the damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion effectively.

Ulinastatin Preconditioning Attenuates Inflammatory Reaction of Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats via High Mobility Group Box 1(HMGB1) Inhibition

Objective It has been found that ulinastatin (UTI) can attenuate hepatic injury in a rat model of ischemia reperfusion (IR), but the specific mechanism is unclear. This study aims to investigate possible pathomechanism of ulinastatin in reducing the inflammatory response after hepatic IR.Methods A male sprague-dawley(SD) rat model of hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury was used. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups on average, which were 0.9% saline and IR group as control, ulinastatin preconditioning (UPC) group, UPC+rHMGB1 (recombinant HMGB1) group and UPC +anti-HMGB1 group. Serum aminotransferases, TNF-α, IL-1 and Myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were measured. Histopathology examination and apoptotic cell detection and the different expression of HMGB1 protein were also assessed.Results Serum levels of aminotransferases, cytokines and hepatic MPO in UPC and UPC+anti-HMGB1 groups were significantly lower than those in control group (p<0.05). Decreased histologic damage and apoptosis were also seen in these two groups (p<0.05).Conclusions HMGB1 expressions in UPC and UPC+anti-HMGB1 groups were significantly lower than those in the two control groups (p<0.05), pretreatment with ulinastatin attenuated liver IR injury by reducing HMGB1 expression through its anti-inflammatory effects.

Role of high mobility group box1 in hemorrhagic shock-induced acute lung injury

Objective To investigate the role of high mobility group box1 (HMGB1) in hemorrhagic shock-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mouse model. Method Forty-two healthy male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group, hemorrhagic shock (HS) group and anti-HMGB1 treatmeut group. Car-diac puncture, was performed to induce ALI in mice. IL-β and TNF-α in lung tissues were detected by ELISA. Ex-pression of HMGB1 was determined by Westemblot. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and Evens blue dye (EBD) in lung tissues were measured by colorimetry. Pathology of lung tissue was observed. ANOVA and LSD-t test were used in statistical analysis. Results Pulmonary blood vessel permeability increased 2 h after HS, pathology results re-vealed a diffused inflammatory cell infiltration in mouse lung tissue. Levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in lung tissues sig-nificantly increased at the early stage of ALI (4 h) compared to controls [IL-1β(333.83±31.18) vs. (284.83± 30.49), P =0.014; TNF-α(805.00±114.67) vs. (584.17±181.17), P =0.023]. Significant increase of HMGB1 in lung tissues occurred at the late stage of ALI (16～48 h) [HMGB1/β-actin (0.99±0.16) vs. (0.50 ±0.18), P =0.003]. The levels of MPO and EBD in ALl group significantly increased compared to controls, and reached the peak at4 h and 24 h respectively [MPO (38.33±3.88) vs. (8.00±0.89), P <0.01;EBD (20.05±2.79) vs. (4.63±0.43), P <0.01]. The peak level of MPO and EBD significantly decreased in anti-HMGB1 groups compared to that of ALI group [MPO (25.67±1.63) vs. (38.33±3.88), P < 0.01 ; EBD (5.68±0.53) vs. (20.05±2.79), P <0.001]. The infiltration of neutrophils and the destruction of the pul-monary cell walls ameliorated in anti-HMGB1 groups, especially in mice treated with anti-HMGB1 antihedy for 24 h. Conclusions HMGBI acts as a late pminfiammatory mediator in HS-induced ALI. Blockade of HMGB1 de-creases HS-induced pathophysiologic change of ALI in mice. Key words: High mobility group boxl ; Inflammatory mediator; Acute lung injury; Hemorrhagic shock; Patho-physiologic