Background: Byttneria herbacea Roxb., family Malvaceae, a branched herb with perennial woody rootstock, known as Samara- khadyam, is available in India. It has been provided with copious therapeutic claims in Indian traditional medical systems as some of them are well-documented as “ethnomedicinal uses”. Single hand- compiled data on its ethnomedicinal uses are scarcely available. Materials and methods: In the present review, an attempt has been made to congregate all available data from available 9 books and published 24 research articles. Result: It is found that there are almost 65 tribes in and around India who use either the whole plant of B. herbacea Roxb. or its different parts (leaves, roots, seeds, and stems) in 32 different disease conditions. Among these, maximum are indicated in the treatment of wounds, sprains, cuts, boils, cholera, leucorrhoea, etc., through internal and external applications. The phytochemical screening of the plant revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, saponins, phenols, and flavonoids. B. herbacea Roxb. showed a broad range of pharmacological actions, such as antioxidant, anti-edemogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, and antitubercular activities. Conclusion: Easy availability of B. herbacea Roxb., with single hand information on its potential ethnomedicinal uses, may lead to new research on this plant.