Anti-acne Gel Research Articles

Development and Evaluation of Herbal Antiacne Gel Formulation Using Curcumin Phytosomes .

Acne vulgaris is a persistent inflammatory condition affecting the pilosebaceous unit that manifests as various skin lesions, including papules, comedones, cysts, pustules, and abscesses. Curcumin, extracted from Curcuma longa rhizomes (Family: Zingiberaceae), is identified for its potent antioxidant, wound-healing, and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to develop an herbal antiacne gel formulation incorporating bioactive curcumin in phytosomes. The formulated gel was evaluated for several physicochemical properties, including pH, spreadability, viscosity, drug content, etc. Additionally, the optimized gel formulation was tested for its in-vitro antiacne action against Propionibacterium acnes. Results showed that developed antiacne gel containing curcumin phytosomes was comparable to a commercially available antiacne product. Stability studies demonstrated that the formulated product remained stable for three months under accelerated stability conditions as per ICH guidelines.

Formulation and Determination of Tannin and Flavonoid Levels of Anti-Acne Gel Formulation from Red Betel Leaf Extract (Piper crocatum)

Acne is a common skin condition that often occurs among teenagers and adults aged 18-23 years. Acne can be triggered by several factors, genetic, psychological, weather, stress, cosmetics, and bacterial infections. In addressing the problem of acne, a good dosage form to use is a gel preparation. Acne skin care by utilizing natural ingredients, one of which is red betel leaf. Red betel leaf contains phytochemical compounds, namely tannins and flavonoids, which function as antibacterial agents. The formulation of anti-acne gel is designed by varying the concentration extract, F0 (0%), F1 (10%), F2 (15%), and F3 (20%), with the aim of determining the best anti-acne gel formulation. Red betel leaf extract is tested for tannin and flavonoid levels using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer test method. The gel preparation is examined, including organoleptic testing, pH testing, homogeneity testing, and spreading testing. The research results show that red betel leaf extract has a tannin content of 4.7056% and a flavonoid content of 0.0934%. The results of the anti-acne gel preparation study meet the requirements for organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, and spreading. Based on the results of various concentrations of extract, satisfactory results are obtained, with formulations F2 and F3 meeting the requirements.Acne; Gel; Extract; Piper crocatum

Formulation and Evaluation of Anti-Acne Activity of Gel Pineapple Peel (Ananas comosus L.) Extract on the Growth of Propionibacterium acnes

Pineapple peel contains many compounds, namely flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenolics, steroids, alkaloids and bromelin enzymes. Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous glands. One of the bacteria that causes acne is Propionibacterium acne. Preparations that can be made for anti-acne are gel preparations. This study aims to determine whether the ethanol extract of pineapple peel (Ananas comosus L.) can be made into an anti-acne gel preparation and to find out at what concentration the ethanol extract of pineapple peel (Ananas comosus L.) in an anti-acne gel preparation can provide inhibitory activity on the development of Propionibacterium acne bacteria. This research method is true experimental by making anti-acne gel preparations of pineapple peel extract (Ananas Comosus L.) with various concentrations of 2%, 3%, 5% and testing the activity of the preparation against Propionibacterium acne using the agar well method. The results of the gel preparation formula showed that there were significant differences before and after the cycling test in both organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability and adhesion tests. The activity test results obtained were that the largest inhibition zone was the 5% concentration, namely 12.7 mm, which was in the strong category, while the 3% concentration, which was 11.03 mm, and the 2% concentration, which was 8.8 mm, was included in the moderate category.

Antiacne Gel Containing Aloe vera and Clindamycin Phosphate: Design, Characterization, and Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

Clindamycin phosphate is a topical antibiotic agent used to treat acne vulgaris, while Aloe vera has both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. The current study is aimed at formulating an antiacne gel with antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. The antiacne gels were prepared by using polymer HPMC K15M by cold dispersion method. Unveiling the intricacies of gel design, our research harnessed the power of Design Expert 11 to optimize critical parameters—viscosity, spreadability, and permeability. In vitro characterization tests, including pH, spreadability, viscosity, permeability, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, and stability of the gels, were performed. The results of in vitro characterization tests showed that the gels had a mint-like odor, a pH of 6.8, and a spreadability of 21.5 g cm/sec. The gels had a viscosity of 34.2 Pa s and drug content ranging within 90%-110%, as per USP standards. Notably, in vitro permeation assays reveal an exceptional 86% drug release, showcasing the efficacy of our formulation. The uniqueness of our study lies not only in the robust optimization process but also in the multifaceted characterization. Our gel emerges as a promising candidate, exhibiting not only desired antimicrobial and antioxidant properties against acne vulgaris but also demonstrating stability under varied conditions. As we advance toward in vivo studies, our research paves the way for a nuanced understanding of the safety and efficacy of this distinctive antiacne gel.

Development and Characterization Silver Nitrate Nanoparticles Gel containing Benzoyl peroxide for the Treatment of Acne

Acne is a type of skin infection. It usually happens during puberty, when the sebaceous (oil) glands begin to function. Androgens are produced by the male and female adrenal glands and stimulate the glands. Acne vulgaris is a type of acne that means "common acne." It is a skin infection caused by sebaceous gland changes. The red colour is caused by skin inflammation caused by infection in the skin. Acne is a general skin condition that is associated with pimples and is common among teenagers. An anti-acne gel of Benzoyl peroxide containing silver nanoparticle was prepared using carbopol as a polymer and water as a solvent, and then incorporated into a topical gel using a magnetic stirrer. The product was checked for its physicochemical properties. The prepared gel’s pH, spread ability, drug content, viscosity, drug release, and antibacterial activity were statistically optimized and evaluated. The antibacterial and anti-acne activities of the various formulations were checked and compared with commercially available formulations using a modified agar well diffusion method for Staphylococcus aureus cultures. Prepared topical gel of Benzoyl peroxide was shown the pH range 5 to 6, viscosity 434±36.56 to 651±41.43 cp, spread ability range 15.29 to 24. 51g.cm/sec, zone of inhibition ranges 12.23 to 21.65mm, drug content ranges 91.26±0.74 to 98.74±0.63%, the drug release of gel formulation was after 12 hour was 80.74 to 71.52. The preparation of silver nanoparticles and incorporation into the Benzoyl peroxide-containing gel were done successfully. Various evaluations, i.e., the physiochemical analysis, spread ability, viscosity, drug content, drug release, and antibacterial study were done. This study demonstrates that the gel has a good texture, is easily spreadable, has high bioavailability, and is effective in treating acne.

Utilization of Chitosan from Fresh Water Lobster (Cherax quadricarinatus) Shells in Anti-Acne Gel Preparations

Cutibacterium acnes is one of the bacteria that cause acne on the face. Freshwater crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) shells have been abandoned and are not used by the community; thus, their shells are processed into economically valuable compounds such as chitosan. Chitosan has antibacterial characteristics that can inhibit acne bacterial development. The purpose of this study is to see if chitosan derived from crayfish shells may be stable in the form of an anti-acne gel and has antibacterial action against Cutibacterium acnes. Anti-acne gel was made from crayfish shells at concentrations of 2, 4 and 6 %, then gel formulations were evaluated and antibacterial efficacy against Cutibacterium acnes germs was tested. Chitosan produced by freshwater lobster shells was 68.75 %. The results of the test of freshwater crayfish shells against Cutibacterium acnes revealed that the average diameter of the inhibition was 6.34 mm at a concentration of 2 %, 6.57 mm at a concentration of 4 % and 6.90 mm at a concentration of 6 %; thus, a concentration of 6 % has the best inhibition. According to the organoleptic test, there was no change in shape or color. According to the homogeneity test, there are no lumps or coarse grains. According to the spreadability test, all preparations were within a 56 cm range. The adhesion test shows a satisfactory adhesion time of more than 1 s. The pH test revealed that all preparations were within the normal skin pH range, indicating that the recipe satisfied the specifications. Anti-acne gel prepared from the shell of a freshwater crayfish displays antibacterial action against Cutibacterium acnes as a cause of acne, with an inhibitory diameter of 6.11 mm at 2 % concentration, 6.8 mm at 4 % concentration and 7.11 mm at 6 % concentration. The diameter of the inhibitory zone in the positive control was 11.9 mm. HIGHLIGHTS Freshwater crayfish shells against Cutibacterium acnes revealed that the average diameter of the inhibition was 6.34 mm at a concentration of 2 %, 6.57 mm at a concentration of 4 %, and 6.90 mm at a concentration of 6 %; thus, a concentration of 6 % has the best inhibition Anti-acne gel prepared from the shell of a freshwater crayfish displays antibacterial action against Cutibacterium acnes as a cause of acne, with an inhibitory diameter of 6.11 mm at 2 % concentration, 6.8 mm at 4 % concentration, and 7.11 mm at 6 % concentration. The diameter of the inhibitory zone in the positive control was 11.9 mm GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

FORMULATION AND ACTIVITY TESTING OF RED ALGAE (Eucheuma cottonii) EXTRACT GEL AGAINST THE BACTERIA Propionibacterium acnes

Flavanoids are one of the many compounds in phenols that have the ability to denature bacterial cell membrane proteins, thus inhibiting cell growth. The purpose of this study was to formulate an anti-acne gel for the ethanolic extract of red algae (Eucheuma cottonii) and to test its antimicrobial activity against Propionibactericum acnes. The method used is laboratory research design by making antiacne gel preparations of red algae extract with concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5% and testing the antimicrobial activity with the agar diffusion method using wells on MHA media which is incubated for 1x24 hours. The results of the evaluation of the gel preparation before and after the cycling test met the requirements of organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and dispersibility where each formula was stable in the gel preparation. The results showed that red algae extract (Eucheuma cottonii) could be formulated and was stable in the form of an anti-acne gel and had antibacterial activity. In formula I with a concentration of 1% the inhibition zone formed was 36.33 mm, in formula II with a concentration of 3% the inhibition zone formed was 38.79 mm and in formula III with a concentration of 5% the inhibition zone formed was 34.27 mm. So that which has optimal antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes is formula II with a concentration of 3% and an area of ​​inhibition zone of 38.79 mm

The FORMULATION AND ACTIVITY TEST OF GEDI LEAF (Abelmoschus manihot L.) ANTI-ACNE GEL ETHANOL EXTRACT ON Staphylococcus aureus IN VITRO

Gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L.) have compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids which are useful as antibacterials, such as the treatment of acne and other diseases. This research method was carried out in a laboratory experiment, namely gedi leaf extract was made in the form of a gel preparation with a concentration of negative control, FI (2.5%), FII (5%), FIII (7.5%) . Then proceed with the evaluation of the preparation with the organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, spreadability test, adhesion test, viscosity test, and Cyling test. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out using the well method. The results of this study indicate that the ethanol extract of gedi leaves can be formulated as an anti-acne gel preparation that is physically and chemically stable. In the antibacterial test, the inhibition zone formed in formula 1 (2.5%) was 10,7±0,95 mm, in formula 2 (5%) the inhibition zone formed was 15,6±0,86 mm and in formula 3 (7.5%) was the concentration which has the most optimal antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with an inhibition zone area of 18,8±0,70 mm. Conclusion: Gedi leaf ethanol extract anti-acne gel preparation can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus bacteria most effective at a concentration of 7.5%, namely 18,8±0,70 mm

Formulation and Evaluation of Anti-Acne Gel: A Review

Abstract: Acne vulgaris is a long-term inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit that leads to the formation of inflammatory lesions, seborrhea(Scaly red skin), comedones(Blackheads and whiteheads), Papules(Pinheads), Nodules(Large papules) etc. Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis have been recognized as performing bacteria triggering inflammation in acne. Bacilis subtilis support to cause inflammation in acne. Natural remedies are more acceptable in the belief that they are suffering from fewer side effects than synthetic ones. Herbal formulations have a growing demand in the global market. This present research work aims to formulate and evaluate herbal antiacne gel containing ethanolic extract of Neem (Azadirachta indica), Garlic(Allium Sativum). The herbal antiacne gel was optimized by preparing 1 formulations (F1) using an extract of Neem, Garlic a combination of these two extracts. The formulation was evaluated for various parameters like Physical appearance, pH, Drug content, Spreadability, Extrudability, and Anti-acne activity assay against Bacilis subtilis. Amongst all the formulations studied, batch F3 was found optimum for all the parameters. all extracts i.e. ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica, Allium Sativum in combination show potential effect against Acne vulgaris and also exert a synergistic effect on the bacteria

Formulations and Evaluations of Herbal Anti-Acne Gel from Coriander and Garlic

Abstract: Acne is an inflammatory condition of the skin’s sebaceous follicles. The goal of the current study was to create and assess a coriander and garlic aqueous extract topical anti-acne gel. The antibacterial activity of corianders and garlic aqueous extract against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis was examined. Agar dilution method was used to calculate concentration. The physical characteristics, Spreadibility, extrudability, ph, viscosity of the topical formulations was designed and tested. There are many pharmacological effects of garlic, including antibacterial, anticancer, and antiinflammatory effects. Fresh pearl garlic or garlic with a single clove was utilised as the raw material in this study to make the garlic extracts. This project’s goal is to get the garlic ready. Extracts made with non-chemical methods. The non-chemical extraction, the garlic extract was made by combining honey and garlic in a 1:1 ratio (w/v). The results showed that formulation F1 had the highest drug content (94%), highest level of stability, and zone of greatest efficacy, inhibition among all formulations.

Formulation and characterization of polyherbal anti-acne gel containing Citrus aurantifolia and Aloe barbadensis extracts for the management of acne vulgaris

The antibiotic used to treat acne may develop antibiotic resistance and side effects. Meanwhile, treating acne-causing bacteria by applying Citrus aurantifolia juice to the skin immediately is ineffective. Citrus aurantifolia juice was employed in an anti-acne gel formulation to treat acne that was caused by Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis has no synergistic therapeutic effect shown. Additionally, polyherbal formulations are currently in high demand in the global market. The herbal industry's global market value has risen dramatically from US$60 billion in 2000 to US$105 billion in 2017. The worldwide market will increase at a rate of 7.6% each year until it reaches $5 trillion in 2050. This study aims to formulate a polyherbal anti-acne gel containing C. aurantifolia and Aloe barbadensis, and to characterize the formulated gel for its physicochemical properties. The phytoconstituents found in plant extracts were also analysed. The antibacterial activity of plant extracts against Staphylococcus aureus was also investigated using an agar well diffusion method. After plant extracts were discovered, gels with varying concentrations of plant extracts, and excipients were prepared along with compatibility studies. Parameters like colour, odour, homogeneity, phase separation, consistency, washability, pH, viscosity, spreadability and antibacterial activity were evaluated. The results showed that the levels of phenol, tannins, and flavonoids in plant extracts varied, the antibacterial activity of plant extracts was studied with a clear inhibition zone demonstrated, and plant extracts were compatible with all excipients. Gel formulations containing C. aurantifolia, A. barbadensis, the excipients Carbopol-940, methylparaben, propyl paraben, propylene glycol-400, triethanolamine and water have been developed. The formulated gels were clear, odourless, uniform, consistent, without lumps, and washable. It was found that pH was closer to the skin, good viscosity and spreadability. The formulated gel, F4 has greater antibacterial activity than plant extracts and other formulations with a larger diameter inhibition zone. It is concluded that the polyherbal anti-acne gel containing C. auranfolia and A. barbadensis can be formulated which has a high potential for halal cosmetics product development. However, more research should be done before it can be commercialised by comparing it to commercially available marketed formulations to treat acne vulgaris.

Antibacterial Activity Test of Anti-Acne Gel Preparations Containing Ethanol Extracts of Bidara Arab Leaf (Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf) Againts Propionibacterium acnes

Bidara arab leaf (Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf) is one of the plants that have the potential as an anti-acne. The content of secondary metabolites contained in bidara arab leaves include alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. These secondary metabolites can inhibit the growth of acne causing bacteria, namely Propionibacterium acnes. The purpose of this study was to create a good gel dosage form of the ethanol extract of bidara arab leaves and to test the antibacterial activity of the gel formulation against Propionibacterium acne. This research method was carried out experimentally on a laboratory scale, namely ethanol extract of bidara arab leaves made in the form of anti-acne gel preparations with several concentration, including F1(1%), F2 (3%), and F3 (5%). Then proceed with the evaluation of the preparation with organoleptic test, homogenity test, pH test, adhesion test, and dispersion test. Anti-acne gel preparations had antibacterial activity based on a concentration of 1% of 12.46 mm (strong), 3% of 13.66 mm (strong), and 5% of 14.71 mm (strong), negative control had no inhibition zone and positive control 20.92 mm (very strong). strong) So, it can be included that the formulation of anti-acne gel preparations able to inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal-Based Antiacne Gel Preparations.

Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory skin condition that affects virtually everyone at some point. Papules, comedones, pustules, scarring, and nodules are standard features of the disease and can have a detrimental social and psychological impact on an individual. Although allopathic acne treatments are available, they have adverse side effects, are expensive, and are prone to cause antibiotic resistance. The present study is aimed at formulating and evaluating topical gels containing Aloe vera, Allium cepa, and Eucalyptus globulus extracts as potential antiacne drugs. Six formulations containing the herbal extracts were prepared using 1% Carbopol 940 as a gelling agent. The phytochemical composition of the plant extracts was determined. The extracts and gels' minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed using the microbroth dilution method. The physicochemical properties of the formulated gels, such as homogeneity, colour, texture, odour, grittiness, spreadability, extrudability, viscosity, pH, and drug content, were evaluated. All the plant extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids, and coumarins. The gel formulations showed varying activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at various concentrations. The phytochemical components of the plant extracts are probably responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the gel formulations. The 5% Aloe vera-Allium cepa (1 : 1) combination gel formulation showed excellent activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans, with MICs of 12.50, 25.00, 6.25, 25.00, and 12.50 mg/mL, respectively. The gels generally had good physicochemical and antimicrobial properties and could be used as antiacne remedies.

Development and evaluation of anti-acne gel containing Luffa acutangula Seeds extract

Development and evaluation of anti-acne gel containing Luffa acutangula Seeds extract

Formulation and Physical Stability Test Preparation of Anti-Acne Gel Extract of Tebu Leaves (Saccharum officinarum (Linn) as Antibacterial Against Staphylococcus Epidermis

Increased processing of Tebu as sugar causes the resulting waste, namely the shoots of Tebu leaves. The phenolic and flavonoid compounds in Tebu are reported to have strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutation and tyrosine inhibitor activities. Infectious diseases are diseases caused by the presence of pathogenic microbes, one of which causes infection, namely bacteria. Utilization of Tebu waste is expected to produce alternative products in the form of antibacterial preparations, especially anti-acne. Staphylococcus epidermis is one of the bacteria that causes infection on skin with acne. This study aims to determine the physical stability of the preparation Tebu leaf extract anti acne gel and its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus Epidermis bacteria. Methods: This research design is an experimental method, making Tebu leaves extract by weighing as much as 400 grams of fine powder of Tebu leaves then put in a maceration container, closed then added 70% 2 liters of ethanol until completely submerged and stored for 24 hours protected from direct sunlight while stirring occasionally. Then filtered, separated the dregs and filtrate. The dregs were re-extracted with the same amount of new 70% ethanol for 2 days. The obtained 70% ethanol filtrate was evaporated to obtain a thick extract using a Vacuum Rotary Evaporator. Tebu leaves extract gel was made at a concentration of 5%, 10%, 15% and an antibacterial test was carried out using the well diffusion method. Results: The results of the physical stability test of the acne extract cream showed that the results met the requirements both in terms of pH, dispersion test, homogeneity. The results of the antibacterial test of Tebu leaves extract showed the presence of a zone of bacterial inhibition which was indicated by the presence of a clear area around the well. Conclusion: The results of the evaluation showed that the Tebu leaves extract gel met the requirements for the physical quality of the gel preparation, both organoleptic, pH, viscosity, adhesion, and spreadability. Tebu leaves extract gel was able to inhibit the growth of S. epidermis bacteria with the best concentration in 3rd formula, consentration 15% Tebu leaves extract gel.

Formulation and Evaluation of Anti-acne Gel Cleanser using Bael Leaves Extract

Now days Usage of herbal products has increased many folds an account of side effects observed with conventional products. In the world increases the demand for uses of herbal products. Acne is a chronic inflammatory condition of skin that causes pimples and spots, on the face, shoulders, back, neck, chest, and upper arms. In present study various attempts were made to develop and evaluate the herbal anti-acne gel containing Bael extract, Neem extract, Honey to facilitate the topical usage. The plants have been reported in literature having good anti-aging, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory activity. Various formulation batches i.e., F1 to F5 were prepared using Carbopol 940 as gelling agent. The Prepared formulations (F1 to F5) were evaluated for various parameters. Like colour, appearance, consistency, wash ability, pH, spread ability, grittiness, viscosity, homogeneity and skin irritation test. Thus, the topical antiacne gels were safe to apply on the skin without irritation.

In vitro antimicrobial activity and formulation of herbal anti-acne gel containing Rhizophora stylosa fruits extract

Mangrove fruits have a variety of bioactive metabolites that may control microbial growth. The present study was conducted to formulate and evaluate the antibacterial activities of Rhizophora stylosa fruit extract. The antibacterial activity of R. stylosa crude extract was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus epidermidis , and Propionibacterium acnes by disc diffusion method. The herbal gel formulations were developed using different concentrations of kappa carrageenan and Carbomer 940 as the gelling agent. The physicochemical characteristics and in vitro antibacterial activity of the gel were evaluated. The results revealed that the extract had a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 0.05 mg/ml against S. aureus and P. acne , and 0.1 mg/mL against S. epidermidis . All herbal gel formulations with 0.5% w/w of the extract showed a strong inhibitory activity against P. acnes . The herbal gel showed a good homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and physical stability in an accelerated condition. Among all formulation studied, F1 was considered as the optimized formulation which contains 0.5% of the R. stylosa fruit extract with 0.25% kappa carrageenan and 0.5% Carbomer 940. It can be concluded that the developed gel formulation has potential against Acne vulgaris. Further research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy so R. stylosa can be developed as an alternative natural anti-acne agent.

FORMULASI DAN UJI STABILITAS FISIK GEL ANTIJERAWAT EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SURUHAN (Peperomia pellucida L.)

Suruhan leaves (Peperomia pellucida L.) are known to be rich in secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and triterpenoid compounds that have potential as anti-acne so that they can be applied as active ingredients in gel preparations. The purpose of this study was to determine the best base for the formulation of an anti-acne gel preparation of suruhan leaf extract that was physically stable. The research method includes the extraction of suruhan leaves by maceration using 96% ethanol. The gel formulation was designed with variations of carbopol base, HPMC, and Na CMC with a concentration of 2%. Physical stability tests include organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, dispersion, viscosity and adhesion which were carried out before and after accelerated storage using a climatic chamber. The results of this study showed that the gel preparation of the ethanol extract of suruhan leaves using carbopol and HPMC bases produced a physically stable gel based on the results of organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, dispersibility, adhesion and viscosity, before and after accelerated storage.

Antiacne gel producing with fruits from the Amazon

Antiacne gel producing with fruits from the Amazon

Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus aureus

Acne is a skin disease that teenagers often complain about at this time. The bacteria that are one of the causes of acne are Propionibacterium acne, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Durian skin (Durio zibethinus Murr) is used as a treatment. Durian contains secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids which have antibacterial activity. Extracts obtained by maceration using 70% ethanol. The phytochemical test shows that durian contains flavonoids as anti-bacterial compounds so that durian skin can be used as an alternative active ingredient in making anti-acne gel preparations. The ethanol extract of durian was then tested for activity by making 3 series concentrations of 10%, 15%, 25% which were then tested on Propionibacterium acne and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results showed that with a concentration of 10%, 15%, 25% with Propionibacterium acne test bacteria had a inhibition zone with a diameter of 7.5 mm ± 0.4 mm (10%), 7.7 mm ± 0.3 mm (15%), 8.4 mm ± 0.2 mm (25 %) and using Stphylococcus aureus test bacteria has a inhibitory zone with a diameter of 8.11 mm ± 0.4 mm (10%), 8.11 mm ± 0.3 mm (15%), 8.8 mm ± 0.5mm(25%).