Anthropometric Indices Research Articles

Efficacy of metformin on the body mass index of patients under treatment with SSRI drugs referred to psychiatry clinics of Rasht

ObjectiveSerotonin reuptake inhibitors cause weight gain, leading to drug discontinuation, relapse, and worsening of symptoms. This study aims to investigates the effect of metformin on weight loss, anthropometric indicators and laboratory assessments in patients of Rasht city. MethodsThis clinical trial study with parallel-group design was organized based on 60 patients in treatment group (undergoing metformin) and 60 patients in control group (undergoing routine treatment) in Shafa hospital during July 2019 to January 2020. First, we determined the overweight patients. After that, a psychiatric assistant randomly divides them into two groups, intervention and control. Both groups of patients will be explained in terms of how they were studied and whether or not they received metformin. In order to statistical analysis of collected data, we applied the Mann-Whitney U test and repeated measures ANOVA. For conducting all analysis, the IBM SPSS Statistics 28 software was used. ResultsThe mean BMI and abdominal circumference decreased significantly in the intervention group. The wrist circumference in the intervention group decreased over time, but this difference was not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference between the average changes of the mean values of the laboratory assessment among the group. ConclusionWeight gain can cause problems related to compliance with treatment and anxiety and depression. On the other hand, in our study, metformin was not superior to lifestyle improvements and practicing preventive methods for weight control. Further research on SSRIs and monitoring of anthropometric indices is recommended.

Ginseng supplementation and cardiovascular disease risk factors: a protocol for GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

IntroductionHeart diseases constitute a significant global public health concern. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are characterised by disruptions in blood circulation and are notably prevalent among adults exposed to Westernised diets. Ginseng,...

Preexisting Hyperuricemia Before High-Altitude Ascent is Associated with a Slower Recovery of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Following Descent.

Zhao, Linggong, Yujie Huang, and Xiaoling Tan. Preexisting hyperuricemia before high-altitude ascent is associated with a slower recovery of estimated glomerular filtration rate following descent. High Alt Med Biol. 00:00-00, 2024. Objectives: Hypoxia at high altitudes results in elevated uric acid (UA) and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). However, the impact of a prolonged high-altitude sojourn on UA levels and renal function in patients with preexisting hyperuricemia warrants further exploration. The study was to investigate the eGFR and related factors in patients with preexisting hyperuricemia following exposure to high altitude. Methods: The study included 345 participants, who worked at a high altitude for 1 year. Anthropometric and laboratory indices were collected before ascent (i.e., baseline), as well as 20 and 80 days after descent. The participants were categorized into individuals with hyperuricemia (HUA) or normal uric acid (NUA) group based on the presence or absence of hyperuricemia at baseline. Results: No difference in baseline eGFR was observed between the two groups before ascend or on day 20 after descent (p > 0.05). However, on day 80, eGFR of the HUA group was lower compared with the NUA group (p < 0.05). Correlations existed between post-descent eGFR levels and variables, including sampling time, UA levels, total and direct bilirubin, and baseline grouping. Conclusions: After high-altitude exposure, the recovery of eGFR was delayed in participants with preexisting hyperuricemia. Preexisting hyperuricemia and high-altitude hypoxia jointly contribute to renal impairment.

Clinical, nutritional, anthropometric indicators and frequency of occurrence of Ala16Val (rs4880) polymorphic locus of the &lt;i&gt;MnSOD&lt;/i&gt; gene in vibration disease comorbid with arterial hypertension

Clinical, nutritional, anthropometric indicators and frequency of occurrence of Ala16Val (rs4880) polymorphic locus of the &lt;i&gt;MnSOD&lt;/i&gt; gene in vibration disease comorbid with arterial hypertension

The predictive capability of several anthropometric indices for identifying the risk of metabolic syndrome and its components among industrial workers

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is closely associated with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify practical methods that could enable the effective identification of MetS based on anthropometric indices. The basis of our study involved retrospective database obtained from routine medical prophylactic examinations. This was a cross-sectional study on the health status of male workers employed in hazardous working conditions at industrial enterprises in the Ural region conducted in 2019. A total of 347 male workers employed under hazardous working conditions were investigated. The presence of MetS was established by a healthcare professional in accordance with the guidelines of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Simple linear regression was used to evaluate the associations between anthropometric indices and MetS incidence. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios of MetS in relation to increases in anthropometric indices. ROC curves were calculated to compare the ability of each anthropometric index to predict MetS and to determine the diagnostic thresholds of the indicators considered. According to the IDF criteria, 36.3% of the workers had MetS. A direct relationship was found between the individual components of MetS and the anthropometric indices studied. The highest OR was shown by the Body Roundness Index (BRI) of 2.235 (95% CI 1.796–2.781). For different age quartiles, the optimal cut-off values for predicting MetS were as follows: BRI, 4.1–4.4 r.u.; body shape index (ABSI), 0.080–0.083 m11/6 kg−2/3; and lipid accumulation product (LAP), 49.7–70.5 cm mmol/l. The most significant associations with MetS were observed where the values were greater than these cut-off points (Se = 97.4%). The results of this study demonstrated the rapid use of new anthropometric indicators, which have shown good predictive ability and are quite easy to use.

Nutrition Screening for 2-5 Years Old Children by Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics in Outpatient Setting

Abstract Introduction and Aim of the work Malnutrition is the primary causative factor of pediatric mortality and repeated hospitalization. The aim of this study is to highlight the role of nutrition screening in identifying those at risk of malnutrition who may benefit from nutritional interventions and test whether the nutritional supplements are essential during nutritional rehabilitation. Patients and methods Screening for malnutrition of 3640 children at the outpatient clinic of Ain Shams Pediatric hospital by Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP) followed by assessing 100 patients at high risk of malnutrition by anthropometric measurements, then BMI and z scores were computed. Oral nutritional supplement was advised in the rehabilitation program only in group A. Nutritional response testing was performed by reassessment at three and six months. Results The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were 5.9%, 15.6%, and 9.4% respectively. As per STAMP, 14.7% were found to be nutritionally at low risk, 7.3% at intermediate risk, and 5.1% at high risk compared to 72.83% without risk for malnutrition. STAMP showed a significant increase in patients at low risk and decrease in patients at high risk through follow up in both groups with better percentages in group A which coincides with improvement in anthropometric indices. Conclusion STAMP is a sensitive, quick, and easy to use nutritional screening tool with a crucial role in identifying nutrition risk at outpatient services which can lead to implementing prompt nutritional rehabilitation. Tailored nutritional plans can accomplish good response and adding a nutritional supplement to the dietary plan ensures earlier goal achievement.

Protein and fat intake impact on growth of primary school girls in Kerman, Iran

The school age period is characterized by significant physical and intellectual growth, necessitating the monitoring of macronutrient intake and its impact on weight and height. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between the quality and quantity of protein and fat consumption with anthropometric indices in primary school girls in Kerman. This cross-sectional analysis was conducted on primary school girls aged 6–12 (n 330) from ten schools in Kerman, Iran. A validated and reliable dish-based 185-item food frequency questionnaire was used. We calculated the amount of proteins and fats as the percentage of daily calories and grams per day. Plant-based and animal-based proteins were used to assess the protein quality. To assess the fat quality, we considered trans fatty acids (TFA), cholesterol, vegetable oils, solid vegetable oils, animal oils, omega-6 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), omega-3 PUFA, and (PUFAs + Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs))/Saturated fatty acids (SFAs), PUFAs/SFA, and (MUFA + PUFA)/(SFA + TFA). There was a significant positive association between height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and plant protein (p < 0.001) and vegetable oils (p = 0.038) after adjustment. In higher tertiles of animal protein, weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) (p = 0.024) were significantly higher. A significant positive association was observed between omega-3 PUFA and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) (p = 0.039) and BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) (p = 0.016). Our study emphasizes the importance of monitoring protein and fat intake in primary school girls for optimal growth. Positive associations were found between plant-based protein, vegetable oils and HAZ, as well as animal protein and WAZ, highlighting the impact of protein quality on growth indicators.

P-738 Reproductive surgery for fertility preservation: Robotic single-port myomectomy (da Vinci® SP) versus robotic single-site myomectomy (da Vinci® Xi or Si)

Abstract Study question To compare clinical and surgical outcomes of robotic single-port myomectomy using da Vinci® SP and robotic single-site myomectomy with Xi or Si for fertility preservation. Summary answer The robotic single-port myomectomy (da Vinci® SP) might be feasible, even if the myoma is deep-seated, compared to robotic single-site myomectomy (Xi or Si system). What is known already Myomas are clinically apparent in about 25% of women and become symptomatic in their reproductive age. Myomectomy is the choice of treatment for women desiring uterine preservation, especially in deep-seated fibroid that can affect pregnancy. Although young women prefer minimal invasive surgical technique with less scar, single-port laparoscopic myomectomy has some limitations. Adoption of the da Vinci® system made it possible to overcome the weaknesses of laparoscopy. Owing to the ability of single-port laparoscopy to reduce pain and improve patient satisfaction, robotic single-site surgery was developed in order of the da Vinci® Si, Xi and the latest new SP system. Study design, size, duration We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 214 patients who underwent robotic single-port myomectomy (RSPM, n = 111) using the da Vinci® SP surgical system or robotic single-site myomectomy (RSSM, n = 103) with the da Vinci® Xi or Si system between October 2015 and September 2023 at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital. Baseline characteristics and operative outcomes were compared and analyzed between the RSPM and RSSM groups. Participants/materials, setting, methods We assessed FIGO classification and maximum diameter of fibroid. The incision time, docking time, console time, wound closure time, total operation time, estimated blood loss (EBL), chopping time for specimen removal, the number and weight of removed myoma were measured. Main results and the role of chance Mean age (38.5±6.6 vs 37.3±6.6 years) and anthropometric index were not significantly different between RSPM and RSSM groups. Although the diameter (7.1±1.4 vs 7.2±2.0 cm), number (3.1±2.7 vs 2.5±2.2), and weight (149.1±107.1 vs 146.4±130.6 g) of myoma were not significantly different between the two groups, the more deep-seated myoma diagnosed by FIGO classification (2.9±1.5 vs 4.6±2.0, p&amp;lt;0.0001) could be resected in RSPM group. The incision (3.6±1.9 vs 7.3±4.4 min, p &amp;lt;0.0001) and docking time (2.7±1.4 vs 4.6±1.6 min. p&amp;lt;0.0001) were less in the group of RSPM compared to RSSM that was earlier implementation. Depending on the differences in da Vinci® SP and Xi or Si systems, the wound was slightly larger, requiring shorter chopping time (6.4±5.0 vs 8.4±7.2 min, p=0.022) and longer closure time (12.8±4.4 vs 10.9±3.6 min, p=0.001) in the RSPM group. Additionally, more complex surgeries with larger blood loss (264.1±140.2 vs 176.8±132.0 ml, p&amp;lt;0.0001), longer console time (60.5±33.2 vs 49.7±22.6 min, p=0.016) and hospitalization (4.6±0.9 vs 4.3±0.6 days, p=0.005) were performed in the RSPM group, but the difference in hemoglobin (2.5±1.0 vs 2.6±0.9 g/dL) before and after surgery was not significant. Limitations, reasons for caution All surgeries underwent using the da Vinci systems by one gynecologic surgeon who had experience performing almost 2,000 gynecologic robotic surgeries and the follow-up period was not enough to conclude the reproductive outcome. Wider implications of the findings The RSPM using the da Vinci® SP surgical system could be recommended for patient who planned future pregnancy. However, the optimal surgical technique should be selected for successful fertility preservation of reproductive surgery. Trial registration number 2023-03-038

Ramadan Fasting in Individuals with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease, Liver Transplant, and Bariatric Surgery: A Narrative Review.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is a growing worldwide pandemic. A limited number of studies have investigated the potential effect of Ramadan fasting on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). There is no single medication for the treatment of MASLD. There is a growing interest in dietary intervention as potential treatment for metabolic diseases including MASLD. The aim of this study was to discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and risk factors of MASLD and the potential effects of Ramadan fasting on MASLD, liver transplant, and bariatric surgery. We searched PubMed and SCOPUS databases using different search terms. The literature search was based on research studies published in English from the year 2000 to the 2024. Thirty-two studies were included in this review. Ramadan fasting reduced body weight and improved lipid profile, anthropometric indices, fasting plasma glucose, plasma insulin, and inflammatory cytokines. Ramadan fasting improved risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and might improve MASLD through weight reduction. However, further studies are needed to assess the safety and effectiveness of Ramadan fasting in liver transplant recipients and bariatric surgery.

Association of Anthropometric Indices With Midlife Cardiovascular Risk in Young Individuals Without Obesity and Traditional Risk Factors.

The aim of this study was to assess how early-adulthood body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) relate to long-term cardiovascular structure, function, and prognosis in individuals without obesity and with low cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) burden. A total of 2024 participants aged 18 to 30 from the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study, without obesity and with low CVRFs defined as the absence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, hypertension, current smoking, and dyslipidemia were included. A CVRF-optimal subgroup was also defined, with blood pressure<120/80 mm Hg, fasting glucose <100 mg/dL, total cholesterol <200, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <130, and women with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥50 mg/dL. Coronary artery calcification, carotid intima-media thickness, left ventricular mass, left ventricular ejection fraction, longitudinal peak systolic strain, and diastolic function were assessed in midlife. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios of BMI and WC for all-cause death and CVD events. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios for subclinical CVD. Over 33.9 years (median follow-up), 5.2% (n=105) died, and 2.6% (n=52) had CVD events. Each 1-SD BMI increase was associated with 27% (95% CI, 1.10-1.47), 24% (1.08-1.43), 42% (1.20-1.68), 28% (1.05-1.57), 51% (1.20-1.90), and 49% (1.10-2.02) higher odds of coronary artery calcification presence, increased carotid intima-media thickness, left ventricular hypertrophy, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, low longitudinal peak systolic strain, and diastolic dysfunction, respectively, in the CVRF-low group. Generally, similar associations were found for WC and in the CVRF-optimal subgroup. No significant associations between BMI and WC with CVD and death were found. Elevations in BMI and WC among young low-risk individuals, even within the nonobesity range, are associated with midlife cardiovascular health.

The Association of Serum Vitamin D With Anthropometric Indices, Lipid Profile, ICAM-1, and IL-17 in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.

This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum levels of vitamin D with anthropometric indices, lipid profile and vascular inflammatory factors, in patients who candidate for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in patients who were candidate for CABG. Demographic information, medical records, anthropometric indicators, blood samples, and physical activity of 150 patients were collected. 146 participants with mean ± standard deviation of age: 61.8 ± 10.0 years and body mass index: 26.9 ± 3.7 kg/m2 completed the study. Based on serum levels of vitamin D, patients were divided into 2 groups; groups with sufficient (≥ 30 ng/mL) and insufficient amount of vitamin D (< 30 ng/mL). The 30.14% of the patients had serum vitamin D deficiency. Ejection fraction (EF) % between the 2 groups had significant difference. Unexpectedly the EF% increased 7% in patients with insufficient level of vitamin D (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.11; p = 0.001). Vitamin D status had a significant inverse association with body weight. The odds of vitamin D deficiency significantly increased by 4% with increasing one kg in weight (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1-1.08; p = 0.044). There were no significant association between serum vitamin D level and intra cellular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-17, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile (p > 0.05). Considering the inverse association observed between serum vitamin D with EF% and body weight, vitamin D may play a role in modulating of these indices.

A Descriptive Study of Pulmonary Function Comparison Between Spot Welding and Assembly Line Workers in a Large Automotive Factory in Iran

Background: This study seeks to define the pulmonary function of a considerably large group in one of the largest automotive companies in Iran. The aim of this study was to compare the two groups of spot-welding (exposed) and assembly line (unexposed) workers in terms of pulmonary function and conclude the probable impacts of metal fumes on pulmonary function in the two groups. Methods: A total of 1,798 spot-welding personnel and 2,160 assembly line personnel were compared in terms of pulmonary function. Moreover, 120 breathing zone samples were collected from the welders’ metal fumes and were analyzed. The parameters of age, anthropometric indices, smoking, and pulmonary symptoms were also compared with across the two groups. Results: Results revealed the FEV1 mean of the total population to be 3.9 ± 0.5 liters and FVC to have been 4.9 ± 0.7 liters. Besides, predicted FEV1 and FVC percentages across the whole population were close to 100%, suggesting the better condition of the studied population compared with normal individuals in the society. All the parameters of age, weight, height, and smoking status were similar in the two groups, and no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of pulmonary functions. Conclusion: Implementation of professional health and health improvement programs, running screening programs, and hiring personnel with no history of mild pulmonary disorders, and healthy workers effect at the recruitment stage could be the reasons behind the lack of significant difference between the two exposed and unexposed groups to metal fumes in the automotive industry in terms of pulmonary function.

Novel anthropometric indices are superior adiposity indexes to portend visual impairment in middle-aged and older Chinese population

ObjectiveTo investigate differential associations of traditional and novel adiposity indices with visual impairment (VI) in the middle-aged and older Chinese population.Methods and analysisBased on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal...

Revisiting Waist Circumference: A Hypertension Risk Factor that Requires a More In-depth Understanding.

As a major cause of various cardiovascular diseases, the prevalence of hypertension has been increasing in the past 30 years, leading to significant socioeconomic and health burdens. Obesity is one of the major risk factors for hypertension. Body mass index (BMI) is the most used anthropometric index to measure obesity in clinical practice and to assess the risk of obesity-related diseases. However, obesity is a heterogeneous disease, and the accumulation of fat in different body regions leads to differences in cardiovascular and metabolic risks. BMI only reflects the overall obesity but does not consider the distribution of fat and muscle mass. The limitation of BMI makes it insufficient to assess the risk of hypertension attributed to obesity. In addition, waist circumference is an easily obtainable anthropometric index to evaluate abdominal fat distribution. High waist circumference is an independent risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality regardless of BMI. Preliminary data indicate that waist circumference is significantly associated with the risk of hypertension at different BMI levels. However, routine measurement of waist circumference is currently not required in current clinical guidelines or is only recommended for obese populations, indicating an insufficient understanding of waist circumference. In this review, we summarize the measurement methods and diagnostic thresholds of waist circumference for abdominal obesity, the trend of central obesity prevalence, the superiority of waist circumference over other anthropometric indices, and recent cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on the association between obesity and hypertension.

A Cohort Study to Evaluate the Effect of Nutritional Intervention on Severe Acute Malnutrition Children Admitted to A Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Gujarat, India

Background: Undernutrition is one of the most concerning health and development issues in India as well as in the world. Nutritional rehabilitation centres (NRC) were started by Government of India to control severe acute malnutrition. The aim is to assess the effect of nutrition interventional measures for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) children admitted at NRC through selected anthropometric indicators. Methodology: A hospital-based prospective cohort study was conducted at NRC of SSG Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat from April to September 2022, all children of 6-60 months of age admitted during this period were observed during their stay with three follow-ups after discharge at 15 days interval. The data was entered in Microsoft Excel and was analysed using Medcalc Software. Results: A total of 76 children were analysed for anthropometric indicators. A statistically significant difference was obtained between the weight of children at admission, discharge and 3 follow-ups (ANOVA=141, p&lt;0.001); difference of mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) (ANOVA=84.2, p&lt;0.001) and difference of height (ANOVA=43.3. p&lt;0.001) at admission, discharge and follow-up were also statistically significant. Conclusions: NRCs have had a positive impact on the selected anthropometric indicators of severe malnourished children but lag behind proper follow-up visits.

Rhinoplasty Exclusively Utilizing Autologous Costal Cartilage for Patients with Prior Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair.

Rhinoplasty in patients with previous unilateral cleft lip repair is a surgical challenge due to complex nasal deformities, including a horizontally positioned nasal wing, wide cleft side nostrils, nasal base defects, and a short and deviated nasal columella. To comprehensively address these complexities, we exclusively utilized autologous costal cartilage in rhinoplasty procedures, using various surgical techniques. This study presents a comprehensive case series of 39 patients who had previously undergone unilateral cleft lip surgery but still had nasal deformities. Rhinoplasty using autologous costal cartilage was performed at Cho Ray Hospital, Vietnam. Costal cartilage was partially crushed and then finely cut to shape the dorsal area and raise the nasal base on the cleft side. Partially crushed cartilage was also used to shape shield grafts, cap grafts, and alar batten grafts, whereas sliced cartilage was utilized for septal extension grafts. Evaluation was based on improvements in anthropometric indicators, patient satisfaction using Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) scale and FACE-Q scores. The average age of patients was 25.13 years. All postoperative anthropometric indicators showed significant improvements. Postsurgery, the total ROE score was three times higher than before surgery (P < 0.001), and the total FACE-Q score was 2.26 times higher (P < 0.001). No significant intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed. This procedure effectively addresses complex nasal deformities in patients with prior unilateral cleft lip repair, emphasizing the value of autologous costal cartilage in rhinoplasty for such individuals.

Regional fat distribution and hepatic fibrosis and steatosis severity in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes.

Epidemiologic findings suggest that measures of body fat distribution predict health outcomes independent of the overall body fat assessed by body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to evaluate the associations of overall and regional body fat with the severity of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in type 2 diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Bioelectric impedance analysis and two newly developed anthropometric indices, namely, A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and Body Roundness Index (BRI), were used to estimate the body fat. Based on fibroscan parameters, significant hepatic fibrosis and severe steatosis were defined as ≥F2 and >66%, respectively. Higher total body fat (odds ratio [OR] 1.107, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.038-1.182, p=0.002), trunk fat (OR 1.136, 95% CI 1.034-1.248, p=0.008) and leg fat (OR 1.381, 95% CI 1.139-1.674, p=0.001) were associated with liver fibrosis. However, in contrast to the total body fat (OR 1.088, 95% CI 1.017-1.164, p=0.014) and leg fat (OR 1.317, 95% CI 1.066-1.628, p=0.011), the trunk fat was not associated with severe hepatic steatosis. BRI performed better than trunk, leg and total body fat in predicting hepatic steatosis (OR 2.186, 95% CI 1.370-3.487, p=0.001) and fibrosis (OR 2.132, 95% CI 1.419-3.204, p<0.001). Moreover, the trunk to leg fat ratio and ABSI were not independent predictors of either steatosis or fibrosis (p>0.05). BRI revealed a superior predictive ability for identifying the degree of hepatic steatosis and stiffness than other obesity indices. Additionally, higher levels of adiposity in the trunk, legs, and overall body were linked to an increased risk of developing liver fibrosis. Although trunk fat did not show an association with severe hepatic steatosis, an increase in leg and total fat was related to liver steatosis.

Association of pre-pregnancy anthropometric factors and mediterranean diet score with hyperemesis gravidarum: Results from a hospital-based case-control study

BackgroundHyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is the most widespread reason for admission to the hospital during the first half of pregnancy. HG etiology is not clear in many cases. However, maternal body composition and pre-pregnancy diet are suggested as possible factors. This hospital-based case-control study aims to determine the link between the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) and pre-pregnancy anthropometric indicators with Hyperemesis gravidarum. MethodsA total of 45 women with incident HG and 126 controls were entered into this case-control study between April 2020 and June 2021. A repeatable and accurate 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to define the MDS. The association between MDS and HG odds was examined through adjustment by possible confounders by the estimation of multivariate regression models. ResultsThe median (interquartile range) pre-pregnancy body mass index of participants was 22.7 (21.7-25.9) and 22.9 (21.4-25) Kg/m2 in cases and controls, respectively (P=0.284). The adjusted analyses found that the MDS was associated with a 25% reduced odds of HG (odds ratio (OR): 0.75, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.24-0.91). Body mass index and waist circumference before pregnancy were not significantly associated with HG odds in both regression models. ConclusionsThe odds of HG during pregnancy are lower in women with a higher MDS before pregnancy. Also, a high intake of fruits and nuts, vegetables, legumes, and fish before pregnancy is liked with a lower HG odds.

Association between lifeline diet score (LLDS) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): case-control study

Purpose Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent and multifaceted metabolic and endocrine disorder that affects a significant number of women in their reproductive years. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the lifeline diet score (LLDS) and PCOS. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors enrolled 105 women who had recently been diagnosed with PCOS. 105 women without PCOS, matched for age and body mass index (BMI), were selected as the control group. The mean age of the participants was 34.80 ± 5.37 years old. Standardized procedures were used to measure anthropometric indicators and assess the body composition of each participant. To determine the dietary patterns, a validated and reliable 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was administered. Based on the responses to the FFQ, the LLDS was calculated using 12 specific components. Multiple and univariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the associations between LLDS and PCOS, considering various factors. Findings In the control group, the mean LLDS was 45.61 ± 9.67; while in the case group, the mean LLDS was 25.10 ± 7.49, respectively (P = 0.001). After adjusting for socioeconomic status (SES), age, protein, fat, physical activity and BMI, the probability of developing PCOS is 69% lower in the third tertiles of LLDS than in the first tertiles (OR = 0.31, CI 95% = 0.15–0.62), (P &lt; 0.001). Originality/value The study finds that a higher LLDS correlates with reduced PCOS risk, echoing dietary advice to boost fruits, dairy, vegetables, legumes, poultry and grains while limiting pasta, rice, bread, eggs, red meat, sweets, sugar and hydrogenated fats.

Serum fertility profile in infertile women in Calabar

This study was aimed to determine follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), Prolactin (PRL), progesterone (PROG), and estradiol (E2) levels in infertile women in Calabar. A total of ninety (90) subjects which comprises of thirty (30) menorrheic infertile women, thirty (30) amenorrheic infertile women and thirty (30) controls were enrolled into the study. The infertile women were further grouped into twenty three (23) primary and thirty seven (37) secondary infertile women. Blood samples were collected from menorrheic infertile women and control on third and twenty first day of the menstrual cycle. FSH, LH, estradiol, and prolactin were analysed using day three serum samples, while progesterone was analyzed using day twenty first samples using ELISA method. Random blood samples were collected from amenorrrheic infertile women and were assayed for FSH, LH, E2, prolactin, progesterone using ELISA method. Anthropometric indices and sociodemographic information were obtained using standard methods. Data were analyzed using student t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significant difference was considered at p &lt;0.05. The mean levels of FSH, LH, and prolactin were significantly higher (p = 0.001) while progesterone was significantly lower (p=0.001) in infertile women when compared to control. The WHR was significantly higher (p=0.037) in the secondary infertile women compared to the primary infertile women. Lower level of progesterone and higher levels of FSH, LH and prolactin may be associated with female infertility in Calabar. It is recommended that early estimation of these hormonal parameters and their management would possibly lead to increased chances of conception.