Anthropometric Indices In Adults Research Articles

Association between lifelines diet score with odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and some novel anthropometric indices among adults: a case-control study.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent condition strongly associated with poor dietary habits and obesity. The Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS), a measure of adherence to a health-promoting diet, may reduce the risk of NAFLD. This study investigates the association between LLDS and NAFLD risk, as well as its relationship with novel anthropometric indices in adults. This case-control study included 180 NAFLD patients and 250 controls aged 20-65 years from Valiasr Hospital, Zanjan, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire, and LLDS was calculated by scoring food groups according to dietary guidelines. Anthropometric measurements included Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Body Roundness Index (BRI), and Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI). Logistic regression models estimated the odds ratios (ORs) for NAFLD across LLDS quartiles. Participants in the highest LLDS quartile had significantly reduced odds of NAFLD compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.30-0.65; p < 0.001). Gender-specific analysis revealed that LLDS had a stronger inverse association with NAFLD in females (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.29-0.64) than in males (OR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.40-0.79). LLDS was inversely associated with VAI (β = -1.14; 95% CI: -2.89, -0.3; p = 0.036), but no significant associations were observed with ABSI or BRI. Higher LLDS scores are associated with a lower risk of NAFLD and reduced visceral adiposity, particularly in females. These findings highlight the importance of improving dietary quality as a preventive strategy for NAFLD.

The Effect of Algae Supplementation on Anthropometric Indices in Adults: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Inconsistent results have been reported regarding the effects of different types of algae, such as Spirulina and Chlorella, on anthropometric indices. To conduct a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of algae supplementation on anthropometric indices. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted to find relevant articles published from January 1990 to January 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing algae supplementation with a placebo or control group were included. The risk of bias and certainty of the evidence were evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology, respectively. The random-effects model was used to find the Weighted mean differences (WMDs) for each outcome. Of 9079 distinct articles in the initial screening, 61 clinical trials were included in this meta-analysis. Algae supplementation resulted in lower body mass index (WMD, -0.27 kg/m2 (95% CI, -0.42 to -0.13); GRADE rating, low), body weight (WMD: -0.78 kg [-1.18 to -0.38]; GRADE rating, low), waist circumference (WMD, -0.68 cm [-1.27 to -0.10]; GRADE rating, very low), kilograms of body fat (WMD, -0.65 kg [-1.13 to -0.17]; GRADE rating, low), and body fat percentage (WMD, -0.9% [-1.62 to -0.17]; GRADE rating, very low) compared with placebo or controls. Nevertheless, the statistically significant effects of algae supplementation on hip circumference (WMD, -0.20 cm [-0.73 to 0.32]; GRADE rating, moderate), waist to hip ratio (WMD, -0.01 [-0.01 to 0.00]; GRADE rating, moderate), and lean body mass (WMD, -0.30 kg [-0.62 to 0.02]; GRADE rating, moderate) were not observed. Overall, the findings of this meta-analysis indicate supplementation with algae may exert beneficial effects on anthropometric indices. However, due to between-studies heterogeneity and very low to low levels of GRADE for significant outcomes, the results should be interpreted with caution. PROSPERO registration no. CRD42024522923.

Effects of Hesperidin Supplementation on Anthropometric Indices in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background: Although some studies have reported that flavonoids can be associated with anti-obesity effects, the putative effects of hesperidin, as a subgroup of flavonoids, on anthropometric parameters are inconclusive. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to determine the effect of hesperidin supplementation on anthropometric measures in adults. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed until February 2022 in electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The pooled results were obtained by a random-effects model. Results: A total of nine RCTs enrolling 493 participants were identified. Seven studies had illustrated the effect of hesperidin on weight, eight on body mass index (BMI), five on waist circumference (WC), two on waist to hip ratio (WHR), and two on hip circumference (HC). The results of the pooled analysis showed no significant changes in body weight (0.01 kg, 95% CI: -0.22, 0.24), BMI (-0.02 kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.16, 0.13), and WC (-0.48 cm, 95% CI: -1.52, 0.55) after hesperidin supplementation compared to the control group (P &gt; 0.05). Qualitative assessment of other anthropometric indices also showed no beneficial effect of hesperidin in reducing WHR and HC values; however, these findings are not conclusive because of the limited number of studies. Conclusion: The present study provides no evidence that hesperidin supplementation is effective in improving anthropometric measures. More high-quality RCTs especially among overweight and obese individuals are needed to strengthen the evidence.

The effects of Gymnema Sylvestre supplementation on lipid profile, glycemic control, blood pressure, and anthropometric indices in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

There is a growing interest in the considerable health benefits of Gymnema Sylvestre (GS) supplementation, as some studies have reported that it may improve cardiometabolic risk factors. However, the widespread impact of GS supplementation on the parameters mentioned above is not fully resolved. Consequently, this study aimed to examine the effects of GS supplementation on lipid profile, glycemic control, blood pressure, and anthropometric indices in adults. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCT), published up to November 2021, were identified through PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases. Six studies were included and analyzed using a random-effects model to calculate weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). All studies were conducted in adults that used a GC supplement (>1 week) and assessed our selected cardiovascular risk factors. Outcomes revealed that GS supplementation significantly decreased triglyceride (p< .001), total cholesterol (p< .001), low-density lipoprotein (p< .001), fasting blood sugar (p< .001), and diastolic blood pressure (p= .003). Some limitations, including notable heterogeneity, low quality of studies, and lack of diversity among research participants, should be considered when interpreting our results. Our outcomes suggest that GS supplementation may improve cardiovascular risk factors. Future large-high-quality RCTs with longer duration and various populations are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of the plant.

The association between FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism and anthropometric indices in adults

BackgroundFat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is the most studied obesity-related gene up to date. We aimed to assess anthropometric indices in carriers of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with overweight across Iranian population (Shiraz) to find out the associations of this polymorphism with obesity indices.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted on 198 overweight healthy adults aged 20-45 years old. We assessed the body composition of the participants using bioelectrical impedance analyzer. In addition, we measured the waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC). Waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were also calculated by equations. The participants’ genotype was determined by ARMS-PCR. Also, data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 20 and R software version 3.6.2.ResultsThe mean values of body mass index (BMI) and age of the participants were 26.93 ± 1.13 kg/m2 and 33.33 ± 6.35 years old, respectively. Homozygous carriers of A-allele had significantly higher values for BMI (0.60 kg/m2, p = 0.026), WHR (0.04 unit, p = 0.003), and WHtR (0.02 unit, p = 0.030) than the homozygous carriers of T-allele. Individuals with AA genotype had greater WC (2.66 cm, p = 0.042, and 4.03 cm, p = 0.002), fat mass (2.24 kg, p = 0.004, and 3.02 kg, p = 0.001), and trunk fat (1.53 kg, p = 0.001, and 2.08 kg, p = 0.001) compared to those with AT and TT genotypes, respectively. Interestingly, after adjustment of the confounders, significant associations were observed among rs9939609 polymorphism and BMI, Wt, WC, trunk fat percentage, WHR, and WHtR.ConclusionsA-allele of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism was indicated to be associated with greater general and central obesity in adult population of Shiraz, Iran.

Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Anthropometric Indices in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background:Obesity is related to increase in the incidence of morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have led to conflicting results regarding the effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on anthropometric indices. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CoQ10 supplementation on body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Methods:PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library as well as the reference lists of the identified relevant RCTs were searched up to March 2019, and weighted mean differences (WMDs) were pooled by using the random-effects model.Results:Twenty RCTs (976 participants) were eligible to be included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis revealed that CoQ10 supplementation had no effect on body weight (WMD = −0.04 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.96, 1.6; I2 = 0.0%), BMI (WMD = −0.06 kg/m2; 95% CI: −0.54, 0.42; I2 = 0.0%), and WC (WMD = 0.79 cm; 95% CI: −2.83, 0.04; I2 = 0.0%).Conclusions:CoQ10 supplementation might not improve anthropometric indices. Future well-designed trials are still needed to confirm these results.

Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose Prediction Using Anthropometric Indices in Adults from Maracaibo City, Venezuela.

To determine the predictive power of various anthropometric indices for the identification of dysglycemic states in Maracaibo, Venezuela. A cross-sectional study with randomized, multi-staged sampling was realized in 2230 adult subjects of both genders who had their body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-height ratio (WHR) determined. Diagnoses of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were made following ADA 2015 criteria. ROC curves were used to evaluate the predictive power of each anthropometric parameter. Area under the curve (AUC) values were compared through Delong's test. Of the total 2230 individuals (52.6% females), 8.4% were found to have DM2, and 19.5% had IFG. Anthropometric parameters displayed greater predictive power regarding newly diagnosed diabetics, where WHR was the most important predictor in both females (AUC=0.808; CI 95% 0.715-0.900. Sensitivity: 82.8%; specificity: 76.2%) and males (AUC=0.809; CI 95% 0.736-0.882. Sensitivity: 78.6%; specificity: 68.1%), although all three parameters appeared to have comparable predictive power in this subset. In previously diagnosed diabetic subjects, WHR was superior to both WC and BMI in females, and WHR and WC were both superior to BMI in males. Lower predictive values were found for IFG in both genders. Accumulation of various altered anthropometric measurements was associated with increased odds ratios for both newly and previously diagnosed DM2. The predictive power of anthropometric measurements was greater for DM2 than IFG. We suggest assessment of as many available parameters as possible in the clinical setting.

Anthropometric Indices in Adults: Which Is the Best Indicator to Identify Alanine Aminotransferase Levels?

Background: To evaluate the correlations between serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and anthropometric indices including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and a new body index, the A Body Shape Index (ABSI) in Chinese adults. Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted in rural areas of China in 2012–2013, and 11,331 adults were included in our final analysis. Results: BMI, WC, HC, WHtR, WHR and ABSI were significantly positively correlated with ALT levels. Spearman rank test showed that WHtR (r = 0.346 for men, r = 0.282 for women, both p < 0.001) had the highest correlation coefficient for ALT level, whereas ABSI showed the lowest, and the correlation coefficient of each measure was higher in men than that in women. Comparing the lowest with the highest quintile of each anthropometric measure, the multivariate logistic model presented that WHtR had the superiority of identifying the presence of elevated ALT (OR 4.38; 95% CI 3.15–6.08 for men, OR 4.29; 95% CI 2.91–6.33 for women, both p < 0.001), and the ABSI was the poorest predictor in men (OR 2.51; 95% CI 1.93–3.27, p < 0.001). No association was observed for ABSI in women. Conclusions: Our results indicated that BMI, WC, HC, WHtR and WHR were able to determine elevated ALT presence, while ABSI was not capable. WHtR and to some extent BMI were the best body indices, for predicting the ALT levels in this population. Nevertheless, the predictive ability of ABSI as a novel body index was not superior compared to established anthropometric indices.

Effects of nigella sativa supplementation on blood parameters and anthropometric indices in adults: A systematic review on clinical trials

Background:Nigella sativa (N. sativa) has been used in traditional medicine and several studies have been performed in the last decades to reveal the effects of it on different medical disorders such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. We evaluated the effects of N. sativa supplementation on lipid profiles, glycemic control, blood pressure (BP), and some anthropometric indices in humans.Materials and Methods:A search on published studies was done by using databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Thomas Reuters Web of Science, and Cochrane. Medical subject headings (MeSH) terms searched included “N. sativa,” “Black seed,” “Black cumin,” “kalonji,” and “Triglycerides,” “Cholesterol,” “Lipoproteins,” “LDL,” “Lipoproteins,” “HDL,” “Blood glucose,” “Hemoglobin A,” “Glycosylated,” “Blood pressure,” “Body mass index,” “Waist circumference”. Initially 515 articles were extracted. Four hundred ninety-two papers that were unrelated, reviews, animal studies, and combined and duplicated studies were excluded, 23 articles were eligible for this review.Results:After analyzing 23 articles including 1531 participants, these results were achieved: In 4 trials, N. sativa reduced BP, but in 5 trials it could not. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) was reduced significantly in 13 studies. In addition, N. sativa reduced levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Although weight and waist circumference (WC) in 2 articles were reduced significantly, in 6 articles they were not. Fluctuation in lipid profile in the articles was very controversial, being significant in many of them but not in others.Conclusion:Our systematic review revealed that N. sativa supplementation might be effective in glycemic control in humans.

Positive correlation of genetic transmittance of type 2 diabetes mellitus with anthropometric indices in adults of Majha region of Punjab, India.

Family history represents the integration of shared genomic and environment risk factors. First degree relatives (IDRs) share half their genomic information and also behavior, life styles, beliefs, culture and physical environment, so their disease experience may offer a clue to shared susceptibilities. This suggests that a ‘low tech’ clinical approach-family history-might be a practical and useful way to target interventions and disease prevention efforts to those most at risk. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an “iceberg” disease seen in all age groups. India shall have the largest number of diabetics by 2030. Anthropometry provides the single most portable, universally applicable, inexpensive and non-invasive technique for assessing the size, proportions and composition of the human body. This study has been conducted to determine whether such abnormalities can be detected in healthy young adults with a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus at an early age that may presage the onset of this chronic disease. The present study will be the conducted among 200 healthy adults (20-30 years of age) of Amritsar city (100 having family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 100 age matched adults serve as control group).The basic anthropometric measurements of height, weight, hip circumference, waist circumference and the derived indices body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio (WHR) and waist height ratio (WHtR) were determined from these basic measures. The various basic and derived anthropometric indices showed changes in healthy adult offspring of the parents with history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results were statistically analyzed by using SPSS Software version 17.0. All the derived anthropometric indices are significantly increased in young healthy adults (20-30yrs of age) having positive family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Neck circumference as an independent predictive contributor to cardio-metabolic syndrome

BackgroundThe predictive potentials of neck circumference (NC) for cardio-metabolic risks remain uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether NC independently contributes to the prediction of cardio-metabolic risks beyond body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHpR) in a large Chinese population.MethodsA total of 4201 participants (2508 men and 1693 women) aged 20-85 were recruited from the Health Examination Centre between May 2009 and April 2010, anthropometric indices, biochemical and clinical parameters were measured. Receiver operating characteristic, partial correlation and logistic regression analyses were employed to evaluate the association of the anthropometric indices to cardio-metabolic risks separately by gender.ResultsNeck circumference was positively correlated with SBP and DBP (r=0.250 and 0.261), fasting blood glucose (FBP) (r=0.177), TG (r=0.240), TC (r=0.143) and LDL-C (r=0.088) and negatively correlated with HDL-C (r=-0.202) in males (all P<0.01). Similar results were found in females with the exception of TC. The AUCs of NC for metabolic abnormalities ranged from 0.558 (Increased LDL-C) to 0.683 (MS-rf) in men and 0.596 (Increased LDL-C) to 0.703 (MS-rf) in women (P<0.01). The NC of ≥37 cm for men and ≥33 cm for women were the best cut-off points for metabolic syndrome. The adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of NC in men and women respectively were 1.29 (1.12-1.48) and 1.44 (1.20-1.72) for metabolic syndrome risk factors (MS-rf), 1.15 (1.01-1.32) and 1.22 (1.03-1.46) for high BP, 1.16 (1.02-1.33) and 1.42 (1.18-1.71) for increased TG, and 1.26 (1.06-1.50) and 1.32 (1.06-1.65) for increased FBP; the adjusted OR of NC in women for decreased HDL-C was 1.29 (1.10-1.51).ConclusionsNeck circumference was significantly associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors and independently contributed to the prediction of cardio-metabolic risks beyond the classical anthropometric indices in adults of China.

Prediction of hypertension by different anthropometric indices in adults: the change in estimate approach

Prediction of hypertension by different anthropometric indices in adults: the change in estimate approach

Prediction of hypertension by different anthropometric indices in adults: the change in estimate approach

To examine the relative contribution for the prediction of hypertension by waist circumference (WC), waist:stature ratio (WSR) or waist:hip ratio (WHR) with that by BMI, to ascertain if WC, WSR or WHR enhances the prediction of hypertension by BMI. Population-based, cross-sectional study. A change of >or=10 % in the prevalence ratio of BMI (PR) or the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) when WC, WSR or WHR was added to a model with BMI was used as the criterion for significant contribution to the prediction of hypertension by BMI. For greater contributions (>or=10 %) these waist measures were considered as better predictors. Nine provinces in China. Chinese adults aged 18 to 65 years (n 7336) who participated in the 2004 China Health and Nutrition Survey. The prevalence of hypertension (17 % and 23 % for women and men, respectively) was significantly related to increased BMI, WC, WSR and WHR (P for trend <0.001). Although there was a better model fit when WC, WSR or WHR was added to a model with BMI (P < 0.05; likelihood ratio test), the changes in PR and AUC were <10 % and <5 %, respectively. The sex-specific AUC for the prediction of hypertension by BMI (of 0.7-0.8) was similar to that by WC, WSR or WHR. The waist indices do not perform better than BMI or markedly enhance the prediction of increased hypertension risk by BMI in Chinese adults.

Seasonal variations in the relationship between mid-upper arm circumference and maximum voluntary contraction among ethiopian farmers

To determine the nature of the relationship between mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) in pre- and post-harvest seasons among adult Ethiopian farmers. A total of 491 healthy adult men aged 18-60 years were recruited at pre-harvest season and followed up at post-harvest season. Anthropometric measurements (weight, MUAC, biceps/triceps skinfold thickness and forearm circumference) were obtained using standard techniques and arm muscle circumference (AMC)/arm muscle area (AMA) was calculated. MVC of both arms was measured using a handgrip dynamometer. Paired t-test was used to compare means, and linear regression to investigate the relationship between MUAC and MVC. Maximum voluntary contraction showed statistically significant correlation with MUAC. Grip strength (MVC) demonstrated a linear increase from under-nourished to normal subjects across MUAC classes. Paradoxically, mean MVC of both arms declined significantly during the post-harvest season. However, the relationship between MUAC and MVC held tight in the post-harvest season as seen in the pre-harvest period. This study has highlighted that under-nourished adult men have reduced functional ability (strength) in all seasons. In addition, strength increases in a linear fashion as MUAC increases during both seasons. More work examining the relationship between functional ability and anthropometric indices in adults from different developing countries is needed to address use and cutoffs for grip strength.

Correlação entre o índice de massa corporal e os indicadores antropométricos de distribuição de gordura corporal em adultos e idosos

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a correlação entre o índice de massa corporal e indicadores antropométricos de distribuição de gordura em adultos e idosos. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, constituído por 634 indivíduos (316 adultos e 318 idosos) de ambos os sexos, atendidos nos ambulatórios do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal da Bahia (Salvador, BA). Mediram-se em cada indivíduo: peso, altura, pregas cutâneas triciptal e subescapular, circunferências de quadril e cintura, segundo técnicas propostas por Lohman, em 1988. Utilizou-se o teste de correlação de Pearson para avaliar a correlação entre o índice de massa corporal e os indicadores antropométricos de distribuição de gordura. RESULTADOS: As correlações entre o índice de massa corporal e a circunferência da cintura nos dois grupos etários do sexo masculino foram: de adultos (r = 0,93; p&lt;0,001); de idosos (r = 0,89; p&lt;0,001). Para os grupos do sexo feminino, as correlações foram: grupo de adultas (r = 0,93; p&lt;0,001), de idosas (r = 0,86; p&lt;0,001). A correlação entre o índice de massa corporal e a razão cintura quadril foi menor, mas estatisticamente significante, entre os dois grupos de cada sexo. Assim, para o sexo masculino, entre o grupo adulto (r = 0,64; p&lt;0,001) e no idoso (r = 0,63; p&lt;0,001); e para o feminino, entre os grupos: adultas (r = 0,66; p&lt;0,001) e idosas (r = 0,34; p&lt;0,001). CONCLUSÃO: O índice de massa corporal apresentou correlação positiva e forte com a circunferência da cintura nos dois grupos etários e em ambos os sexos. Apesar de estatisticamente significante, o índice de massa corporal se correlacionou de forma menos intensa com a razão cintura quadril, principalmente no grupo das mulheres idosas.