Anthemis Tinctoria Research Articles

Alternative and Complementary Antileishmanial Treatments: Assessment of the Antileishmanial Activity of 27 Lebanese Plants, Including 11 Endemic Species

Aqueous, methanolic, and dichloromethane extracts from 27 Lebanese plants were investigated for their in vitro immunomodulatory and antileishmanial activities as compared to their toxicity against human cells. Extracts from yellow chamomile (Anthemis tinctoria), white larkspur (Consolida rigida), Syrian broom (Cytisus syriacus), coast spurge (Euphorbia paralias), shield fibigia (Fibigia clypeata), Auchers golden-drop (Onosma aucheriana), shell-flower sage (Salvia multicaulis), snowy woundwort (Stachys nivea), Palestine woundwort (Stachys palaestina), and polium-leaved speedwell (Veronica polifolia) exhibited interesting antileishmanial activities on the intracellular amastigote form of the parasite, while several extracts from A. tinctoria, F. clypeata, and O. aucheriana were shown to induce nitrous oxide (NO) production by human macrophages. Further experiments should be performed in order to purify and characterize the chemical compounds responsible for these activities.

Three new Aceria species (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from Turkey

Turkish populations of eriophyid mites infesting Malvaceae, Asteraceae and Caryophyllaceae were examined. Analyses of morphometric data, induced symptoms, and comparisons to the morphology and descriptions of known species indicated presence of three new species which are described and illustrated. These are: Aceria egmirae n. sp. from Althaea rosae (L.) Cavan, A. tinctoriae n. sp. from Anthemis tinctoria L. and A. ankarensis n. sp. from Dianthus chinensis L. No injuries were detected on the host plants.

A New Flavonoid: Tinctosid from Anthemis tinctoria L.

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Кальцефитные степные сообщества бассейна реки Сейм (в пределах Курской области)

The paper deals with the calciphyte steppe com­munities of the Seim River basin (Kursk Region), represented by the two new associations, Asperulo cynanchicae—Onobrychidietum arenariae ass. nov. and Achilleo collinae—Astragaletum onobrychis ass. nov., which form a new suballiance Bupleuro falcati—Gyp­sophi­lenion altissimae suball. nov. The diagnostic spe­cies of this unit are Anthemis tinctoria, Bupleurum falcatum, Campanula sibirica, Centaurea pseudomacu­­losa, Gypso­phila altissima, Jurinea arachnoidea, Poa compressa, Polygala sibirica, Salvia stepposa, S. ver­­ticillata, Viola rupestris and the ass. Asperulo-Ono­brychidietum is selected as its holotype. The suballiance comprises calciphyte steppe communities on Cre­ta­ceous marl outcrops in both steep and gentle southern and south-eastern gully slopes, characterized by the combination of calciphyte petrophytes and typical steppe plants. According to the diagnostic species set, the unit is referred to the alliance Festucion valesiacae Klika 1931. The studied communities may be treated as a variant of the petrophytic calciphyte steppes distributed in the south-western part of the Middle-Russian Upland.

ANNUALS AND SEDUM-CUTTINGS IN SEED-MIXTURES FOR EXTENSIVE ROOF GARDENS

ANNUALS AND SEDUM-CUTTINGS IN SEED-MIXTURES FOR EXTENSIVE ROOF GARDENS

The Potential Use of Organically Grown Dye Plants in the Organic Textile Industry: Experiences and Results on Cultivation and Yields of Dyer's Chamomile (Anthemis tinctoria L.), Dyer's Knotweed (Polygonum tinctorium Ait.), and Weld (Reseda luteola L.)

ABSTRACT The organic cultivation of dye plants for the certified natural textiles industry is an emerging and promising sector of organic farming. In 1999 a field trial was done with different provenances of Dyer's Chamomile (Anthemis tinctoria L.), Dyer's Knotweed (Polygonum tinctorium Ait.), and Weld (Reseda luteola L.) on two organic farms in Lower Austria. Yields, dyestuff content, and quality parameters were analyzed. Dry matter yields of Weld ranged between 0.7 and 2.7t ha−1, of Dyer's Chamomile (flower heads) between 1.1 and 1.8 t ha−1. Significant differences were found between seed Weld provenances as well as between those of Dyer's Chamomile. The total leaf dry matter of Dyer's Knotweed (2 cuts) ranged at both sites on average 3.1 tha−1. Seed provenances did not show differences. The total flavonoid content of Weld ranged between 1.53 and 4.00%, of Dyer's Chamomile between 0.84 and 1.5%. The content of indican in Dyer's Knotweed ranged between 0.50 and 1.45% of leaf dry matter, the calculated theoretical content of indigo ranged between 0.22 and 0.64% of leaf dry matter. The general use fastness properties differ according to species and provenance. Both high and low values were achieved. The data on the cultivation of dye plants in organic farming show promising results. Research should address improvement in yields and quality, development of dyestuff extracts, and optimization of dyeing methods. Research on dye plants needs a systemic look at the whole chain including producers, processors, trade, and consumers.

Alkaloid-screening of swedish plants

A method is given for a semi-quantitative determination of the alkaloid concentration in dried plant material. In a screening of two hundred plants in Sweden, wild and cultivated, the following plants not previously known to contain alkaloids gave a positive reaction corresponding to an alkaloid concentration of more than 0·05 per cent of the dried plant: Linnea borealis and Valeriana sambucifolia; and, additionally, the following gave a positive reaction corresponding to at least 0·01 per cent: Armeria maritima, Bartonia aurea, Cobaea scandens, Euphrasia frigida, Galium aparine, Hemerocallis conspicua, Lonicera periclymenum, Melampyrum pratense, Odontites litoralis, Pedicularis palustris, Pedicularis silvatica, Phragmites communis, Picea abies, Pinguicula vulgaris, Platanthera bifolia, Plantago media, Polygala vulgaris, Polygonum viviparum, Rhamnus cathartica, Rhamnus frangula. Silene rupestris, Sorbus intermedia, Spergula arvensis, Spergula marginata, and Veronica officinalis. The following plants, previously reported to contain alkaloids, gave a positive reaction corresponding to more than 0·05 per cent: Ligustrum vulgare, Succisa pratensis, and Valeriana officinalis. In the plant family Scrophulariaceae ten out of nineteen species investigated gave a positive reaction corresponding to at least 0·01 per cent of alkaloids. Earlier reports indicating the presence of alkaloids in the following plants were not confirmed: Alnus glutinosa, Anthemis tinctoria, Butomus umbellatus, Calla palustris, Chamaenerion angustifolium, Corylus avellana, Euphorbia peplus, Geranium molle, Glaux maritima, Herniaria glabra, Odontites verna, Pyrola rotundifolia, and Scirpus Tabernaemontani. The present results are compared with earlier reports available from the literature.