Software Package ANSYS Research Articles

Calculation of the Power-Supply Circuit of an Ore-Smelting Furnace

A modern technique is proposed to calculate the electrical parameters of the characteristic sections of the power-supply circuits of ore-smelting furnaces, namely, laminated stacks, flexible part, and tubular busbars of the power-supply circuit of an electrode. This technique is based on the results of numerical simulation of the electromagnetic field of a set of conductors with the ANSYS software package and on a mathematical model for calculating the inductance of a system of two rectilinear conductors arbitrarily located in space.

Influence of deformation anisotropy of soils on the distribution of stresses in basement of foundation from near loaded areas

AbstractThe article analyzes the effect of deformation anisotropy on the stress‐strain state of the soil basement on the basis of a numerical experiment using the ANSYS software package. Strain properties of environment are determined by strain module E and Poisson's ratio μ. Resulting from calculation experiments, transverse‐isotropic environments were concerned with coefficients of stress‐strain anisotropy ka=0.5; 0.75; 1.33 and 2 and additional coefficients aa (α') are obtained, which are used in determining vertical stresses from the additional load. Based of obtained results a method is proposed for calculating the additional stresses of the anisotropic basement of the foundations of the existing building from the buildings and structures being erected. The calculation is based on the Lyave problem using the scheme of a linearly deformed medium. The anisotropic properties are taken into account by introducing an additional coefficient α', which depends on the degree of anisotropy of the soil basement ka and the geometric dimensions of the foundation.

Analysis of seismic stability of large-sized tank VST-20000 with software package ANSYS

The work is devoted to the study of seismic stability of vertical steel tank VST-20000 with due consideration of the system response “foundation-tank-liquid”, conducted on the basis of the finite element method, modal analysis and linear spectral theory. The calculations are performed for the tank model with a high degree of detailing of metallic structures: shells, a fixed roof, a bottom, a reinforcing ring.

IAEA CRP benchmark of ROCOM PTS test case for the use of CFD in reactor design using the CFD-Codes ANSYS CFX and TrioCFD

Over the last 15 years, considerable effort has been expended in assembling the available information on the use of CFD in the nuclear reactor safety field. Typical application areas here are heterogeneous mixing and heat transfer in complex geometries, buoyancy-induced natural and mixed convection, etc., with specific reference to Nuclear Reactor Safety (NRS) accident scenarios such as Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS), boron dilution, hydrogen build-up in containments, thermal fatigue and thermal striping issues, etc. The development, verification and validation of CFD codes in respect to Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) design necessitates further work on the complex physical modelling processes involved, and on the development of efficient numerical schemes needed to solve the basic equations. Therefore, a set of ROCOM CFD-grade test data were made available to set up an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) benchmark, relating to PTS scenarios. The benchmark deals with the injection of the relatively cold Emergency Core Cooling (ECC) water, which can induce buoyancy-driven stratification. Data obtained from the PTS experiment were compared in the study presented here with predictions obtained from the CFD software packages ANSYS CFX and TrioCFD. In addition a test case without buoyancy forces was selected to show the influence of density differences.The results of the two test cases and the numerical calculations show that mixing efficiency is strongly influenced by buoyancy effects. At higher mass flow rates without density differences the injected slug propagates in the circumferential direction around the core barrel. Buoyancy forces reduce this azimuthal propagation. The ECC water falls in an almost vertical path and reaches the lower downcomer sensor below the inlet nozzle. Therefore, density effects play an important role during natural convection with ECC injection in PWRs. Both CFD codes were able to predict the observed flow patterns and mixing phenomena.

Influence of Material and Geometrical Properties of Permanent Magnets on Cogging Torque of BLDC

Aim of this study is to investigate the influence of both material and geometrical properties of surface mounted permanent magnets (PM) on cogging torque of a brushless DC motor (BLDC) by means of numerical modeling based on finite element method (FEM). To this end, a 2D numerical model of the BLDC motor is built by using the software package Ansys Maxwell. In this study, we analyze the machine properties in no excitation mode (i.e. no stator current is applied) and calculate the distribution of magnetic flux density within the entire motor, the magnetic flux density in the air gap, the cogging torque and the back electromotor force (EMF). Firstly, analysis is performed for four different magnets. It is seen that while cogging torque, back EMF, and magnetic flux density in the air gap for the strongest magnet material have the highest values, the lowest values of these are obtained for the weakest magnet. In the second part of the study, the effect of variation of magnet geometry on the cogging torque, magnetic field density and back EMF of BLDC is examined. Three magnet embrace values are handled in this study. When the magnet embrace increases, the value of the cogging torque reduces. Besides, the maximum values of the back EMF are approximately the same for different magnet embraces, while shapes of the back EMF only change based on the magnet embrace. According to the results, the cogging torque strongly depends on the material and geometrical properties of the magnets.

Analysis and design of sea-water monopole Yagi-Uda antenna with pattern reconfigurability

In this article, a theoretical study of sea-water monopole Yagi-Uda antenna is presented. Unlike the conventional metal one, sea-water monopole is here treated as imperfect conductor. Based on this precondition, a methodology for analyzing sea-water monopole Yagi-Uda antenna is proposed by employing the 3-term theory and voltage-current relation. As such, both its input impedance and radiation pattern can be theoretically predicted. Commercial software packages ANSYS HFSS and CST Microwave Studio are used to verify the proposed methodology. Finally, a prototype is designed, fabricated, and tested. Due to the liquidity of sea water, the parasitic element can work as a director or reflector by altering its height to achieve pattern reconfigurability. Measured results show reasonably good agreement with the simulated and theoretical ones.

Numerical Analysis of Twin-Roll Casting of Strips With Profiled Cross-Section

The relatively high production costs of innovative materials with tailored properties such as Tailor Welded Blanks, Patchwork Blanks, Tailor Heat Treated Blanks and Tailor Rolled Blanks are responsible for a growing interest in new cost-effective production methods. One of the promising energy-saving and environmental friendly technologies for the production of tailored blanks is twin-roll casting. In the study a new alternative method for twin-roll casting of strips with profiled cross-section is proposed, which uses one or more preloaded endless steel strips with an antiadhesive coating for profiling of the formed strip on a pair of the common cylindrical shells. As a primary stage for the practical process design, numerical simulation of the process using the finite element software package ANSYS is realized. In this way, dependencies of the strip elements outlet temperature, deformation zone length and elements outlet speed on the varied strips thickness and total solidification-deformation zone length are established. Based on the simulation results, a procedure for the twin-roll casting process design is suggested.

Mechanical behavior of mode-I crack propagation between composite adhesive joints

Abstract Failure testing and an analysis of mode-I crack propagation between composite parts joint with adhesive was the object of this investigation. We offer a finite element analysis (FEA) for calculating failure loads when simulating crack growth between three-dimensional composite parts joint with adhesive as well as an analysis of the effect of crack length on adhesive joint performance. Likewise, we have examined the effects of orientation angles on crack length and failure load. For this analysis, composite parts are made of carbon/epoxy (AS4/3501-6) with different fiber orientation angles. DP 410 was the adhesive used. The models for the numerical analyses were generated by using an ANSYS software package. The finite element analyses were carried out in order to predict failure loads. Stress at x, y, z directions, shear stress and von-Mises stress on adhesive were obtained at the time of failure for predetermined parameters. Lastly, we examined the effects of orientation angles, crack length, and...

The Weight Loss Effect of Heated Inner Cylinder by Free Convection in Horizontal Cylindrical Enclosure

The work presents results of numerical simulations of natural convection in cavity formed by the surfaces of two horizontal coaxial cylinders. The temperature of the outer cylinder is constant. The area between the cylinders is filled with an ideal incompressible fluid. The inner cylinder is set as the heater. The solution of the equations of thermal convection in a two-dimensional approximation performed by the software package ANSYS Fluent with finite volume method. The study compares the results of numerical simulation with several well-known theoretical and experimental results. The nature of interaction of the inner cylinder with a convection current created in the gap was observed. It was shown that the flux appeared around a heated cylinder affects the weight of the heat source and causes an additional lift force from the surrounding fluid. The various Rayleigh numbers (from 1.0 ⋅ 103 to 1.5 ⋅ 106) and fluid with different Prandtl number (from 0.5 to 1.0 ⋅ 105) are considered.

Numerical analysis on tensile performance of bolted glulam joints with initial local cracks

Under varying climate conditions, cracks are commonly observed in bolted joints, owing to the shrinkage of wood and confinement from slotted-in steel plates and bolts. A three-dimensional finite element model was developed to investigate the mechanical behavior of bolted glulam joints with initial cracks. Wood foundation was prescribed in the model to simulate the local crushing behavior of wood surrounding the bolts. The behavior of wood in compression and the foundation were defined as transversely isotropic plastic in the software package ANSYS. Cohesive zone model was applied in the numerical analysis to consider the propagation of initial cracks and brittle failure of wood in the bolted joints under tension load. The numerical model was validated by the experiments conducted on full-scale specimens and it is indicated that the numerical model has good ability in predicting the failure modes and capacity of tension joints with local cracks. To further investigate the influence of crack number, length and locations, a parametric study was conducted with the verified model. Moreover, to study the effects of cracks on the behavior of bolted joints with different failure modes, another bolted joint including bolts with different strength grades and diameters was designed and analyzed in the parametric study, which was expected to have bolt yielding failure mode. It was found that the initial cracks can decrease the capacity and initial stiffness of tension joints by up to 16.5 and 34.8%, respectively.

Comparative analysis of film cooling efficiency at coolant supply into a single array of triangular dimples

The purpose of this work is a comparative study of the physical structure and film cooling efficiency of the single array of inclined holes, placed in triangular dimples and in a trench. The software package ANSYS CFX 17.0 was used along with RANS SST turbulence model. Calculations were made in a wide range of the blowing ratio ranging from 0.5 to 2.0. Results of modeling have shown high efficiency of triangular film cooling configuration. At m ≥ 1.5, the triangular configuration is comparable with the trench configuration in terms of the film cooling efficiency.

Orthotropic direction effect on stress-strain state of temperature-perturbed sensing element of micromechanical accelerometer

The paper presents research results on effect of the orthotropic axe directions of orthotropic silicon on the stress-strain state of sensing micromechanical accelerometer element within the conditions of thermal agitations. We proposed a mathematical model of orthotropic thin plate for the case of disalignment of the coordinate axes and the material orthotropic direction of sensor sensitive element. We developed and verified software for studying the effect of misalignment of the coordinate axes and the orthotropic direction on the stress-strain state of the sensing element. The software is comparable with ANSYS software package with respect to accuracy of the simulation results. The developed software was used for computer simulation; the displacement field dependences of a uniformly heated sensing element on misalignment angle of coordinate axes and orthotropic direction were obtained. Computer simulation revealed the presence of direction misalignment of orthotropic axes and the coordinate axes, resulting in symmetry disruption in the plate deformation under uniform heating. As part of the study, we have shown a nonlinear character of the stress-strain state dependence of the temperature-perturbed sensor on the misalignment angle of orthotropic axe directions. It was demonstrated that the maximum deflection change for different misalignment angle values does not exceed 3.2% of the nominal value. However, under the conditions of external dynamic, thermal and mechanical exposures, the cumulative effect of the maximum deflection value change can have a significant impact on the characteristics of the micromechanical accelerometer. Therefore, it seems advisable to perform future research of the effect of misalignment of orthotropic axe directions on the parameters of the inertial information sensors.

Design And FEM Analysis of Helical Gear

In this paper the problem of the failure of gear in speed reduction gearbox developed by Laxmi Hydraulic Pump (LHP) Pvt Ltd, Solapur is resolved by replacing the existing material by a material SAE8620. The Gear and Pinion using AGMA and FEM analysis Method. In the gear design, the bending stress and surface strength of the gear tooth are considered to be one of the main factors to the failure of the gear. In this paper bending and contact stresses are calculated by using analytical method as well as Finite Element Method. To estimate bending stress modified Lewis beam strength method is used as well as AGMA method. Software is used to generate the 3-D solid model of helical gear. Ansys software package is used to analyze the bending stress. Contact stresses are calculated using modified AGMA contact stress method. Ansys software package is used to analyze the contact stress and bending stress. The main objective of this study has to investigate the stresses induced by gear tooth profile. Finally, the results obtained by theoretical analysis and Finite Element Analysis are compared to check the correctness. Estimated stress is used to calculate module of gear which can withstand easily at given loading conditions. A conclusion has arrived on the material which is best suited for helical gear based on the results.

Analysis of spatial heat and mass transfer in the channels of a forming tool during polymer coextrusion

At present, there is a growing demand for use of crosslinked polyethylene (PE) as an insulating material possessing high operating temperature. One way to obtain multi-layer insulation of cables from cross-linked PE is coextrusion of grafted PE with its further cross-linking in steam boilers. The shapes of conical-cylindrical configuration channels, found by the authors in the literature, are significantly different from the actual cable head. In this article, the formulation and numerical realization of the spatial problem of heat and mass transfer of nonlinear plastics in the channels of a coextrusion cable head of complicated geometry are present. It is important to study and analyze the flows of melts of materials with different properties, because a three-layer coating is created in the forming tool. Largely the flow process is determined by the nonlinear character of the dependence of the melt viscosity on temperature and on the strain rate tensor. For polymer isolation, the cross-linked PE was used. Determination of the rheological parameters of this polymer using a laboratory rheometer is very difficult due to the process of cross-linking. In the paper, three geometric models of a forming tool, each of which differs from the previous shape and length of the channels, are considered. The models were realized using the finite element method in ANSYS software package. Maximum and average temperature and pressure dependences are presented for each geometric channel. Analysis of the results has revealed that the geometric model closest to the actual cable head better describes the processes of heat and mass transfer compared to other models.

Особенности проектирования малогабаритной автономной системы генерирования постоянного тока

The requirements posed to standalone compact DC power-generating systems are presented, and the main specific features of such systems are considered. A few concepts of constructing such systems are considered, including those on the basis of an induction generator, a synchronous generator with combined excitation, and a permanent-magnet synchronous generator. An analysis of the considered systems was carried out, which made it possible to reveal advantages and drawbacks of each of them, and a concept involving the use of a permanent-magnet synchronous generator with an external rotor and an increased voltage level has been selected. A DC—DC converter is one of the control unit key constituent parts. Owing to this converter, it becomes possible to adjust the voltage in a wide generator frequency variation range and to obtain a significantly lower output voltage ripple. For determining the specific features of modeling a standalone compact power-generating system using the ANSYS software package, two generator design versions, one with an internal and the other with an external rotor, were considered. Based on the simulation results, the performance quality of each generator design has been estimated, and the generating system power output has been confirmed.

Computational study on air jet erosion profiles of selective catalytic reduction honeycomb materials

The study reveals about the air jet erosion properties of Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts preferably honeycomb modules which are very much necessary for NOx conversion in coal fired thermal power plants. Erosion of catalysts is analyzed based on effects of various angles of impact like 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90° respectively. Erosion for the same is analyzed both experimentally and with simulation in computational fluid dynamics using Discrete phase model in Ansys software packages and the required ASTM G76 standards are followed. The material constant (k) and velocity exponent (n) required for simulation has been practically derived through experimentation by considering silica sand as the abrasion medium. The maximum catalyst material loss is found at 90° angle of impact. Based on the above said accelerated erosion test results, the life of the catalyst may be approximated by considering the practical conditions of the power plants.

Design and testing characteristics of thin stainless steel diaphragms

Metal membranes are defined as thin steel circular plates. The metal membranes are widely used in the measurement technique and they are constantly loaded over the entire surface. In case that a membrane is loaded with uniform load over the entire surface. In case that the membrane is stiffened over the edge, then it is called a diaphragm. According to the making method membranes are divided into flat and corrugated. Corrugated membranes are used mainly in a low pressure area. Membranes are most commonly made of firm alloy austenitic steel. In this paper numerical and experimental analysis of a thin corrugated diaphragm 24 mm diameter is presented, with variable material thickness and variable corrugations geometry. Experimental tests are conducted on a corrugated stainless steel (AISI 316) diaphragm. Experimental results are compared with numerical results in ANSYS software package. A comparative analysis of the sinusoidal and toroidal diaphragms has shown that there is a higher sensitivity of the sinusoidal diaphragm, that is, if the thickness of the diaphragm increases, and their stiffness is increased. In general, for small pressure ranges from 10 mbar to 50 mbar, the sinusoidal diaphragms have a faster response.

A Comparison of the Vibrational Responses of Four Different Uniform and Tapered Composite Beams

A combined experimental and finite element approach was used to compare the vibrational response of the composite beams with different configurations of internal taper and uniform cross sections. Composite beams were made using the hand lay-up process. Glass fibre was used as reinforcement in the form of a bidirectional fabric and a general-purpose epoxy resin as the matrix for the composite material. Experimental dynamic tests were carried out on FFT analyzer using specimens with different taper configurations. From the results, the effect of different taper configurations on the flexural natural frequencies and mode shapes was investigated. Finite element analysis of the same problem was carried out on software package ANSYS and the results were validated using the experimental results. From the results, a thorough comparison was made between the natural frequencies, loss factors, displacements and mode shapes of the specimens with different taper configurations and uniform cross sections considered. The aerospace implications are provided.

New approaches to designing parts for digital additive production

In accordance with a concept of additive technologies there occurs a necessity of applying new approaches to designing parts. One of the main tools to be operated is a numerical simulation, capable of providing a designer with the complex approach to the development of new articles in case of finesse. A preliminary simulation model of structurally-gradient materials in the software package ANSYS has been created in this work for predicting mechanical characteristics of compact samples of materials and structures. It provides the results of tensile calculations of stress strain behavior of samples obtained by finite-element simulation, as well as gives comparison thereof with the test data obtained after manufacturing using a method of selective laser melting.

Computer modeling of glued laminated timber beam reinforced with steel bars fixed with epoxy resin

Structures of glued laminated timber have many technical and economic benefits compared to metal or reinforced concrete: lower weight, sufficient strength and durability. Competent design of such structures requires numerical analysis that best meets specified conditions. This article describes a 3D analysis of a beam composed of glued laminated timber, reinforcement bars and epoxy resin. When determining the stress-strain state of the structure, anisotropic properties of wood were also taken into account. Computer analysis of material behavior of timber, reinforcement bars and epoxy resin was performed with the help of ANSYS software package.