ANSYS FEA Research Articles

Modelling, FEA analysis and Optimization of Mono Composite Leaf Spring Using ANSYS

Abstract: Conventional leaf spring made up of conventional materials like plain carbon steel are heavy and add weight to vehicle which reduces mileage. This necessitates new material which is light in weight and could provide adequate strength to leaf spring along with higher strain energy absorption to absorb shocks. The current research is intended to study the structural and vibrational characteristics of leaf spring made of P100/6061 Al, P100/AZ 91C Mg and structural steel materials. The investigation is carried out using ANSYS FEA software. The FEA results have shown that P100/AZ/ 91C generated lower stresses as compared to P100/6061 Al and structural steel material. The modal analysis of leaf spring aided to determine mass participation factor and mode shapes corresponding to each frequency. Keywords: Leaf Spring, Energy Absorption, Structural Steel Materials, ANSYS FEA, Frequency.

Simulating the model for consolidation of short bored pile in pure friction soil media

In this paper, the analysis of a numerical study for consolidation analysis of short bored pile subjected to axial loads is presented. An analysis of short-bored pile is performed using finite element analysis software Abaqus CAE with the base of procured experimental data in sand media and a comparative analysis on Ansys FEA. Three models in combination of pile and footing system were developed by the application of incremental axial load for which the displacement upon each load was analyzed taking in consideration the stresses and strains. A parametric study was conducted to study the effect of load on and it’s observed displacement on the pile with or without footing. A close correlation is found between the results obtained by the FE models and the Experimental Model solution. The results indicates that the load bearing capacity of pile–footing system increases drastically when both acts together instead of acting individually.

Autonomous transmission control of a 2017 Yamaha Grizzly 700 all-terrain vehicle

Investigation on a designed and modified standard automatic transmission for a 2017 Yamaha Grizzly All-Terrain Vehicle was carried out to allow it to be controlled remotely and autonomously while maintaining its ability to be manually operated. The vehicle is a part of a project named AutoWeed. This project aims at developing a vehicle which can be used in the Australian outback to control and eradicate weeds. Preliminary tests were conducted on the vehicle to determine the performance parameters required to replace the movement supplied by the operator. Several devices used to achieve this motion were explored. It was concluded that the Motion Dynamics HB-DJ806 - LALI10010 electromechanical linear actuator be used as a proof of concept device for this application. This device is capable of exerting 200 N at 35 mm/seconds. It has a stroke length of 50 mm and was powered by a 12V DC motor, which drew 3 amps at maximum load. Through testing, it was found that the selected actuator did not have enough stroke length to cycle through the five gears on the ATV. This error was rectified allowing the system to function as intended. To achieve a reliable design, however, the Linak LA14 actuator was purchased as a final design as it was stronger, faster and had feedback capabilities. Before procurement, the new actuator was digitally modelled using SolidWorks 2017 and 3D printed to confirm the mounting position and method. An ANSYS FEA was conducted on all the custom-made components including the actuator bracket and mounting plate to ensure reliability. The bracket model was manufactured using 3D printing from ABS. It was recommended that for reliability, the bracket should be constructed from a stronger material such as aluminium. The results gained from testing proved that the autonomous transmission system implemented was reliable and repeatable. This was justified as the system achieved a 100% success rate when cycling through gears.

A new form of equation for force determination based on Navier-Stokes equations

This work is focused on calculating the force effects of an incompressible homogeneous liquid on a surface of a rigid or a flexible tube. An unsteady flow induced by differential pressure at the beginning and at the end of the tube is assumed. The pressure difference for the unsteady flow is determined experimentally. The mathematical model is based on modified Navier-Stokes equations. The unsteady term is modified in order to be able to use the Gauss-Ostrogradsky theorem to calculate the force. This method of solution will allow the calculation of the force by integration of the Navier-Stokes equations, which will help to refine and simplify the calculations. In the article, both methods of force calculation will be presented and compared both through the ANSYS FEA and CFD ANSYS Fluent solvers and by the integration of the Navier-Stokes equation. The calculation will not only respect the compliance of the tube but also its movement status.

Application of modified Navier-Stokes equations to determine the unsteady force effects of a heterogeneous liquid

The article is focused on calculating the force effects of a heterogeneous liquid on pipe walls. The solution is based on the concentration of solid particles. The base fluid is assumed to be incompressible. The solution will apply Euler-Lagrange's solution principle. Two tasks will be solved; with a rigid and a flexible tube wall. The solution will be carried out with non-stationary boundary conditions that were determined experimentally. Interaction of a heterogeneous fluid with a flexible wall assumes its deformation. The force effects will be solved by two methods; FSI simulation using ANSYS FEA solvers and CFD solvers ANSYS Fluent and using Navier-Stokes equations by direct integration through liquid volume. In this case, the unsteady term of the Navier-Stokes equations will be modified so that the Gauss Ostrogradsky theorem can be used to calculate the force. At the end, the force effects on the rigid and compliant wall will be compared with the unsteady turbulent flow of the heterogeneous liquid.

Temperature Distribution and Stress Analysis of Aluminium Oxide Work-Piece during Laser Micro Machining Operation

The current study investigates the temperature distribution, stress analysis and material removal of aluminum oxide work piece. Temperature distribution of Aluminum Oxide work-piece when a laser beam (of laser cutting machine) is focused on it to create a micro groove as a part of machining process. Present Demand of industry currently focus on ceramics because of its vast and potential use in many fields such as vehicle sector(automobile), aerospace and bio-medical engineering applications, etc. As part of machining process, a micro groove needs to be created on a crude design material. Aiming at this, a laser cutting machine is employed to create a micro groove which works on a principle that when a high power laser beam is focused on a surface of the body, material gets removed as a result of large amount of heat energy released by the laser beam. Achieving a desired groove of specific dimensions is possible by having control over process parameters of a laser cutting machine which in turn governs the amount of material removed. To tackle with this it is essential to study the temperature distribution (due to heat energy released by laser beam) in the body that is responsible for material removal. ANSYS FEA is used to simulate and analyze this temperature distribution. In this paper temperature graphs for 40W,50W, Material removal for 40W, 50W, Equivalent stress for 40W, 50W are shown.

Research on the mechanical behaviour of an airplane component made by selective laser melting technology

The main objective of the presented research consists in the redesign of an airplane component to decrease its weight, without affecting the mechanical behaviour of the component, at the end. Femap NX Nastran and ANSYS FEA programs were used for the shape optimization and for the estimation of the mechanical behaviour of a fixing clamp that was used to sustain the hydraulic pipes that are passing through an airplane fuselage, taking into consideration two types of raw materials – Ti6Al4V and AlSi12 powder from which this component could be manufactured by using the selective laser melting (SLM) technology. Based on the obtained results, the airplane component was finally manufactured from titanium alloy using the SLM 250 HL equipment that is available at SLM Solutions GmbH company from Luebeck, in Germany.

An electromagnetic energy harvester based on multiple magnet scavenging power from low frequency vibration

This paper delineates a rectangular shaped multiple magnet based electromagnetic energy harvester (EMEH) and how it scavenges energy from environmental vibrations in a particular magnetic pole array. Finite element analysis (ANSYS FEA) was used to observe the magnetic field areas and the corresponding flux lines with magnitude-based vector plots of the 1---6 magnets surrounding the coil. The proposed EMEH generated up to 224.72 µW of rectified DC power against a load resistance of 200 ź for an arrangement of 5-magnets. The operating frequency of the generator is 6 Hz, which is suitable for supplying power to portable devices and remote sensor node applications.

Experimental and numerical research on process formability in magnetic pulse forming of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets

The plain strain of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet in magnetic pulse forming was investigated by numerical simulation and experimental method. Combination of uniform pressure coil and Holmberg’s specimen was employed to evaluate the plain strain of AZ31 sheet. The numerical simulation for magnetic pulse plain strain of AZ31 sheet is performed by means of ANSYS FEA software. The magnetic flux density of uniform pressure coil was distributed uniformly, especially at the center of gauged area of AZ31 sheet directly in relation to the deformation behavior of AZ31 sheet. The velocity of typical point increases as increasing energy, and the more position closes to the center of sheet the higher velocity achieves. The forming height is increased with increasing discharge voltage. Compared with C=768 µF and C=1536 µF, the capacitance of 1152 µF is more effective for forming, which is confirmed by experiments. The peak velocity at the center of sheet is about 105 m/s. The major strains of magnetic pulse plane strain lie approximately in the strain ranges of 5.83-6.45%. However, the 3.22-3.82% (major strain) are the limit strains in quasi-static condition. The experimental results indicate that the major strain of AZ31 sheet improves about 75% compared with the quasi-static case.

Flexure behavior of composite cantilevers subjected to different environmental conditions

Abstract This publication presents an experimental study which was conducted to examine the effects of various types of environments on the flexural stress and load-deflection relationships of the composite cantilever beams subjected to a single force at their free end for different exposure times. The study includes the testing of five different conditions which are cold, hot, humid, seawater environments and room temperature. Maximum flexure stresses and deflections of cantilever beam are presented analytically, numerically and experimentally. ANSYS FEA program is used for numerical analysis of composite materials. The test results carried out after generally one and two months of exposure to the different environmental conditions show that the flexure stress and deflection of the beams are affected at different levels. Moreover, it is shown that the analytical and numerical results are consistent with the experimental data.

Theoretical Stress Concentration Factor for Spatial Helix Gear

This paper presents a method to calculate the theoretical stress concentration factor of spatial helix gears, combined with the numerical method by ANSYS FEA package and analytic method. The formula of theoretical stress concentration factor of driving tine is fitted numerically, which suits for the general application situation. Effects of the main parameters on theoretical stress concentration factor are analyzed respectively.

Partitioned Methods in Computational Modelling on Fluid-Structure Interactions of Concrete Gravity-Dam

Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) has resulted in both complex applications and computing algorithmic improvements. The aim of this paper is to develop a better understanding of the fluid-structure interaction behaviour and the numerical coupling methods which can be used in analysing the FSI problem of a multi-physics nature computationally. There are two different systems in partitioned methods for coupling the fluid and structural domains which use strong and weak couple algorithms. Numerical results have been obtained on the hypothetical models for the close and open-spillways concrete gravity-dam. The two-way coupling partition method has been applied to the dynamic velocity flow and pressure using the ANSYS FEA software. A close comparison between the weak and strong coupled systems of two-way partitioned method has been made for the consideration of both close and open-spillways concrete gravity-dam.

Rehabilitation of Strength of Steel Plate with a Corroding Hole Bonded by Composite Patches

The failure mode of steel plate with a center elliptic corroding hole double-sided adhesively bonded by carbon fiber composite patch is identified and studied, and analytical solution to load-carrying capacity of damaged steel plate bonded by composite patch is presented in this paper. Ultimate load of patched steel plate corresponding to each failure mode is derived and calculated respectively, the load carrying capacity of the patched plate is equal to the minimum value of these calculations. Yielding load when yielding occurs near the hole-edge of repaired structure from present method was compared to the results of ANSYS FEA, and the ultimate load of repaired plate from present method was compared to the test results. Results indicate: Repaired by bonded composite patch, static strength and loading carrying capacity of damaged steel plate or structures can be effectively restored. Yielding load and ultimate load of patched steel plate is visibly increased. The present analytical results have a good agreement with FEA and experimental results.

Analysis of Attitude and Dynamics Characteristic of a Kind of Submerged Buoy

In this paper, the attitude and dynamical characteristics of a kind of submerged buoy are studied. The attitude of the buoy system is calculated relatively accurately by mathematical derivations and programming, in which all the tangent and normal fluid drag forces and elastic deformation of the mooring cable are considered. Based on the ANSYS FEA software, the model of system in fluid is established, which takes the effects of fluid drag forces, pretension and additional mass into account. Then the analysis of the effect on dynamics characteristic of the system by considering the attitude or not is carried out. The results indicate that, for small-scale submerged buoy system, the completed fluid forces should not be ignored, and the vibration of mooring system of submerged buoy is most likely to be low-frequency vibration, which should be avoided in some ways.

AC Losses Analysis and Experiments of Superconducting Electromagnetic Iron Separator

A 3 T central field Superconducting Electromagnetic Iron Separator (SEIS), which was designed to separate dangerous ferromagnetic materials, such as detonators, from coal, has been successfully developed at Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP). The SEIS magnet is mainly composed of a NbTi solenoid coil, a pair of binary current leads (CL) and a re-condensation cryostat with two GM cryocoolers (31 W/40 K, 1 W/4.2 K). Powered with a 250 A/50 V power supply, the magnet has 15 minutes of charging time and 20 minutes of discharging time. The AC losses, mainly consist of hysteretic loss and coupling loss, was calculated with a two-dimensional ANSYS FEA model. The effect of AC losses on the temperature distribution within the cold mass and its induced cryostat pressure rise were analysed during charging process. With regard to the cryostat pressure rise, the analysis results were quite close to the experimental results.

Deviation Analysis of Automobile Panels Welding Assembly Based on ANSYS

In order to control the deformation deviation of automobile panels welding assembly, the author analyzed the assembly process of spot welding, and used a simplified finite element analysis method. In this method, work-pieces’ deviations are reflected by equivalent stress, and welding deformations are simulated by the coupling nodes. The author called C++ application in ANSYS FEA software, using stress data files as the interface, and therefore solved the problem of applying initial stress to automobile panels.

Study on Threading-up Characteristics of Buttress Thread of Petroleum Coupling

This article is taking 5.5"special thread petroleum casing-pipe as example, using nonlinear technology of Ansys FEA software to analyze characteristics of threading up and unload of the petroleum casing-pipe. The result of FEA is conformed to the experiment. It provides strong help for the enterprises using research data to instruct practice further.

Experimental Study and Finite Element Analysis on Dynamic Property of the Reinforced Concrete Frame-Bent Structure

Based on the R.C. frame-bent structure in a large-scale thermal power plant’s main building, a 1/7 scale model has been tested by man-excitaiton to determine its’ dynamic properties. The former three frequencies and vibration modes of the model are obtained, and the dynamic property of the original structure is studied based on model similarity theory. At last, modal analysis of plane model and spatial model of prototype are discussed by using ANSYS FEA software, and the spatial dynamic preperty of the irregular structure is analyzed.

Study of lateral mode SOI-MEMS resonators for reduced anchor loss

MEMS resonators fabricated in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology must be clamped to the substrate via anchoring stems connected either from within the resonator or through the sides, with the side-clamped solution often employed due to manufacturing constraints. This paper examines the effect of two types of commonly used side-clamped, anchoring-stem geometries on the quality factor of three different laterally-driven resonator topologies. This study employs an analytical framework which considers the relative distribution of strain energies between the resonating body and clamping stems. The ratios of the strain energies are computed using ANSYS FEA and used to provide an indicator of the expected anchor-limited quality factors. Three MEMS resonator topologies have been fabricated and characterized in moderate vacuum. The associated measured quality factors are compared against the computed strain energy ratios, and the trends are shown to agree well with the experimental data.

The Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Verification of Modal Parameters for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites with Sandwich Structure

A innovative structure of sandwich composite rectangular plate with dimensions of 350 ×83.5×9.5mm was designed, it was made of unidirectional prepreg of carbon fibre and woven fabric prepreg of carbon fiber as face materials and paulownia as core material by hand lay-up performing and press molding technology for investigating the dynamic performance such as natural frequency and modal shapes. Based on testing the in-plane and out-plane mechanical properties of composite samples reinforced by unidirectional carbon fibre and carbon fiber woven fabric, a ANSYS FEA dynamic modeling was developed. According to the impulse response modal test method, a modal test system was established. The natural frequency test results showed that the minimum natural frequency of sandwich composite rectangular plate is about 616.45Hz which is higher about 27.5% than that of aluminum rectangular plate reinforced by carbon. The modal experiment indicated that the 1st modal shape, 2nd modal shape, 3rd modal shape and 4th modal shape of the sandwich composite rectangular plate were torsional vibration, flexural vibration shape, torsional flexural vibration and double-flexural vibration separately. It was found the calculating precision of FEA dynamic predication was very high, the dynamic predicating results by FEA could provide fundamental data to the optimal design high speed reciprocating sandwich composite rectangular parts.