Anonymous Payment System Research Articles

AnoPay: Anonymous Payment for Vehicle Parking With Updatable Credential

Many existing anonymous parking payment schemes lack high efficiency and flexibility. For instance, the calculation and communication costs involved in payment may linearly increase with the payment amount. In this paper, we propose an anonymous payment system (dubbed AnoPay) for vehicle parking, which leverages updatable attribute-based anonymous credentials and efficient zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) to achieve user anonymity and constant overhead for parking fee payment. To further improve the efficiency, we design a secure parking fee aggregation protocol based on linear homomorphic encryption to aggregate parking transactions, where the amount of each parking transaction is hidden and the privacy of the parking lot in terms of its revenue is guaranteed. AnoPay achieves both unlinkability and accountability, malicious payments can be efficiently traced when it is necessary. We provide a security model and rigorous proof for each security property of AnoPay. Extensive experiments and comparisons demonstrate the efficiency and practicality of the system.

Counter: A Novel Scheme Ensuring Compliance and Privacy in Cryptocurrency-Based Blockchain

An extremely secure cryptocurrency, commonly known as the Decentralized Anonymous Payment System (DAP), stands as one of the most innovative and widely embraced applications in the field of blockchain. Although the DAP provides a strong degree of transaction privacy and user anonymity, it has been utilized illegally in criminal activities, constituting security challenges to governments and financial institutions. In this paper, we propose a solution known as Counter: A Novel Scheme Ensuring Compliance and Privacy in Cryptocurrency-Based Blockchain, which aims to preserve transaction privacy while providing governments with supervision and enforcing regulations over transactions. Our suggested counter imposed limitations on the transfer of large amounts of cryptocurrencies and also imposed a restriction on the trading of cryptocurrencies during specific time periods. The principal feature of our proposed system involves employing the Order-Preserving Encryption (OPE) and Pedersen Commitment to implement a financial policy ensuring that the transferred amount remains within the allowed range and does not exceed the limit. Besides, we utilized the Unix timestamp to guarantee that the transaction is carried out within the allowed date and time frame. We utilized the RSA accumulator to provide government supervision and enforce regulations. Our suggested counter employs the combination of the ring signature, Pedersen Commitment, and stealth address to protect transaction privacy. Our system fulfills all the security requirements for organizing digital assets that have been defined by international financial institutions and authorities. Finally, the assessment shows that our system is effective and efficient compared to other systems.

A privacy and compliance in regulated anonymous payment system based on blockchain

A privacy and compliance in regulated anonymous payment system based on blockchain

Cryptocurrency; the new unleashed financial instrument, should it be regulated

The decentralized anonymous cryptocurrency is a new kind of technology that can be used for many purposes such as transferring money and investing. However, they do not have a legal entity that is in charge monitoring its uses. Its extraordinary rise raises critical questions such as, should we regulate it or ban it? Since its purposes have been converted from an anonymous payment system to a tool that is used in illegal actions and undermining financial standards. This paper seeks CC regulation options. Plus, it attempts to lay out the various risks they pose and benefits they bring with the technology they use (blockchain). The objective is to investigate which approach will be more reasonable for the country’s conditions. The regulators will try to convince CC service providers to obey rules and operate under official standards, while banners restrict the new instrument’s integration with the financial system. The study relied on the descriptive approach to achieve its objectives. The recent literature and publications of the most important related bodies around the world were reviewed. Findings reveal that it is too early for CCs to be considered legal tender. Moreover, both approaches could be adopted according to the country’s conditions. Plus, alternatives may have their say. Some suggestions are made for local agencies and investors.

DCAP: A Secure and Efficient Decentralized Conditional Anonymous Payment System Based on Blockchain

Blockchain, a distributed ledger technology, can potentially be deployed in a wide range of applications. Among these applications, decentralized payment systems (e.g. Bitcoin) have been one of the most mature blockchain applications with widespread adoption. While the early designs (e.g. Bitcoin) are often the currency of choice by cybercriminals (e.g., in ransomware incidents), they only provide pseudo-anonymity, in the sense that anyone can deanonymize Bitcoin transactions by using information in the blockchain. To strengthen the privacy protection of decentralized payment systems, a number of solutions such as Monero and Zerocash have been proposed. However, completely Decentralized Anonymous Payment (DAP) systems can be criminally exploited, for example in online extortion and money laundering activities. Recognizing the importance of regulation, we present a novel definition of Decentralized Conditional Anonymous Payment (DCAP) and describe the corresponding security requirements. In order to construct a concrete DCAP system, we first design a Condition Anonymous Payment (CAP) scheme (based on our proposed signature of knowledge), whose security can be demonstrated under the defined formal semantic and security models. To demonstrate utility, we compare the performance of our proposal with that of Zerocash under the same parameters and testing environment.

Dynamic group size accreditation and group discounts preserving anonymity

Group discounts are used by vendors and authorities to encourage certain behaviors. For example, group discounts can be applied to highway tolls to encourage ride sharing, or by museum managers to ensure a minimum number of visitors and plan guided tours more efficiently. We show how group discounts can be offered without forcing customers to surrender their anonymity, as long as customers are equipped with some form of autonomous computing device (e.g. smartphone, tablet or computer). Specifically, we present a protocol suite for privacy-aware group discounts that allows a group of customers to prove how many they are without disclosing their identities. The group does not need to be a stable one, but can have been formed on the fly. Coupled with an anonymous payment system, this makes group discounts compatible with buyer privacy (in this case, buyer anonymity). We present a detailed complexity analysis, we give simulation results, and we report on a pilot implementation.

Fully anonymous multi-service subscription system without random oracles

Lately,Canard et al.(CANARD S,JAMBERT A.Untraceability and profiling are not mutually exclusive [C]// TrustBus 2010:Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Trust,Privacy and Security in Digital Business,LNCS 6264.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,2010:117-128) introduced the notion of multi-service subscription and proposed several instantiations.Unfortunately,their systems only satisfied a weaker variant of anonymity called revocable-anonymity and they were not fit for "pay-per-use" services.To this end,a revised multi-service subscription system was put forward to extending Canard et al's system.The new system achieved pay-per-use subscriptions by incorporating the anonymous payment system raised by Liu et al.(LIU J K,AU M H,SUSILO W,et al.Enhancing location privacy for electric vehicles(at the right time).[2012-08-01].http://eprint.iacr.org/2012/342).To allow users to prove in zero-knowledge that their account balance is enough for making a payment for the required access,it also utilized the Peng-Bao range proof for small ranges.Furthermore,it was constructed on several 4-round perfect zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge,which were obtained by applying a technique by Cramer et al.to the underlying Sigma-protocols.Compared with typical systems in the literature,the new solution gains advantages in terms of security.Concretely,it can be proved secure in the standard model.Moreover,it matches the strongest level of three crucial security notions,such as inseparability for spendable tokens,anonymity for users,and zero-knowledge for underlying proof systems.

Using Service Oriented Architecture in A New Anonymous Mobile Payment System

Using Service Oriented Architecture in A New Anonymous Mobile Payment System

Relational-based calculus for trust management in networked services

This paper considers the use of local policy enforcement in communication networks. Compliance with the security policy is important, especially if the system is based on the concept of Public Key Certificate. Our approach discusses the design of a trust management scheme that integrates a model for the specification of entities and actions, a mechanism for identifying users, authorizations, and delegations, and a compliance engine. The model is based on the use of an axiomatic representation of security requirements. The compliance engine integrates a relational calculus that allows proof and verification. Three cases are addressed to validate the model: the anonymous payment system, clinical information system, and distributed firewall systems.

The social construction of a secure, anonymous electronic payment system: frame alignment and mobilization around Ecash

This paper examines public discourse in order to illuminate the processes by which issues of anonymity, surveillance, security, and privacy are integrated into public understandings of, and interactions with, consumer payment systems. Using theories of the social construction of technology, and Gamson's model of issue construction, it analyses the issue package deployed by the developer of the Ecash electronic payment system. An issue package is a set of framing devices which focus and constrain discussion of a particular issue. The paper then analyses three different discursive sites (print media, US Congressional deliberation, and an electronic mailing list) to gauge the success of that package, according to its presence and its resonance within each site. Using theories of frame alignment and social mobilization, the package is identified as a globalizing framing strategy. Its failure is explained by the difficulties a frame of such structure will have in meshing with the discursive practice of each site, in resonating with cultural themes of each site, and in provoking social action.