Annual Work Plan Research Articles

INFLUENCE OF CAPABILITIES FOR RESOURCE MOBILIZATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN ZAMBIA

This study examined the influence of resource mobilization capabilities on the performance of local authorities in Zambia, addressing a decade-long performance challenge despite various government interventions. Using a correlational research design with a sample of 736 employees from 116 local authorities, the study tested the hypothesis that there is no statistically significant influence of resource mobilization capabilities on the financial performance of local authorities. Data collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression revealed a significant positive relationship between capabilities for resource mobilization and local authorities' performance (B = 0.272, t = 6.516, p < .001), with the model explaining 63.7% of the performance variance. While local authorities demonstrated strengths in developing annual work plans, they struggled to provide all required public services. The study concludes that resource mobilization capabilities significantly influence local authorities' performance in Zambia and recommends enhancing resource mobilization strategies, improving service delivery capabilities, promoting knowledge sharing among local authorities, investing in technology-enabled systems for revenue collection and management, and implementing standardized performance management practices to address the identified performance gaps and improve overall public service delivery.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0745/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Mekanisme Penilaian Kinerja Karyawan pada Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Malang

This study analyzes the employee performance assessment system at the Malang Regency Transportation Office, based on observations and interviews with several employees. Performance assessments are carried out annually with quarterly evaluations by the head of the sub-division. Evaluations include employee performance, financial administration, and staffing. The assessment process involves several stages: Annual Work Plan (RKT), Performance Agreement, Employee Performance Targets (SKP), and the use of the "SIAP KERJA" Application. The RKT is prepared as an elaboration of the Agency's strategy and facilitates program evaluation. A Performance Agreement is a commitment document between leaders and subordinates related to the implementation of tasks with performance indicators. SKP includes targets that must be achieved in a certain period, measured based on quantity, quality, time, and cost. The results of this assessment are then summarized in the "SIAP KERJA" Application, which experiences technical problems such as frequent errors or maintenance. The suggested solution is to fill in daily activities regularly. This performance assessment aims to improve the integrity, accountability, transparency, and performance of the apparatus, as well as be the basis for evaluation, awards, and sanctions to employees.

Forestry Extension Performance in Enhancing Forest Farmer Knowledge and Skills: A Case Study in Tompobulu, Maros Regency

Forestry Extension Workers, as one of the important parties in maintaining and preserving forest resources in Indonesia, are expected to have an understanding of good extension methods and techniques so that farmers around the forest can improve their knowledge and skills in managing and utilising forest products. This study aimed to assess the performance of forestry extension workers in Tompobulu District. And also evaluate their role in enhancing the knowledge and skills of forest farmer groups in Maros Regency. It was located in six villages, namely Bonto Somba Village, Bonto Manurung, Bonto Matinggi, Bonto Manai, Tompubulu, and Pucak Maros Regency with the number of samples in the study was 57. The study employed qualitative descriptive analysis using a Likert scale, and quantitative analysis using the t-test. The performance of forestry extension workers that significantly influences increasing the knowledge and skills of forest farmer groups consists of six indicator components, namely: facilitating forest farmer groups to prepare forest product utilisation maps; facilitating forest farmer groups to prepare annual work programs and plans; facilitating forest farmer group members to improve human resource quality; facilitating forest farmer groups to disseminate or spread information on forest product technology; facilitating forest farmer groups to grow their empowerment and independence; and facilitating forest farmer groups to increase production results of superior forest product commodities. Meanwhile, the performance of forestry extension workers that does not significantly influence increasing the knowledge and skills of forest farmer groups is Facilitating Business Partnerships Between Forest Farmer Groups, Entrepreneurs, and the Government, Facilitating Forest Farmer Groups to Access Business Capital with Financial Institutions, Banks, and the Government; and Facilitating Increasing the Income and Welfare of Forest Farmer Groups.

Progress towards malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong Subregion: perspectives from the World Health Organization

Malaria remains a global health challenge, disproportionately affecting vulnerable communities. Despite substantial progress, the emergence of anti-malarial drug resistance poses a constant threat. The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), which includes Cambodia, China’s Yunnan province, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam has been the epicentre for the emergence of resistance to successive generations of anti-malarial therapies. From the perspective of the World Health Organization (WHO), this article considers the collaborative efforts in the GMS, to contain Plasmodium falciparum artemisinin partial resistance and multi-drug resistance and to advance malaria elimination. The emergence of artemisinin partial resistance in the GMS necessitated urgent action and regional collaboration resulting in the Strategy for Malaria Elimination in the Greater Mekong Subregion (2015–2030), advocating for accelerated malaria elimination interventions tailored to country needs, co-ordinated and supported by the WHO Mekong malaria elimination programme. The strategy has delivered substantial reductions in malaria across all GMS countries, with a 77% reduction in malaria cases and a 97% reduction in malaria deaths across the GMS between 2012 and 2022. Notably, China was certified malaria-free by WHO in 2021. Countries' ownership and accountability have been pivotal, with each GMS country outlining its priorities in strategic and annual work plans. The development of strong networks for anti-malarial drug resistance surveillance and epidemiological surveillance was essential. Harmonization of policies and guidelines enhanced collaboration, ensuring that activities were driven by evidence. Challenges persist, particularly in Myanmar, where security concerns have limited recent progress, though an intensification and acceleration plan aims to regain momentum. Barriers to implementation can slow progress and continuing innovation is needed. Accessing mobile and migrant populations is key to addressing remaining transmission foci, requiring effective cross-border collaboration. In conclusion, the GMS has made significant progress towards malaria elimination, particularly in the east where several countries are close to P. falciparum elimination. New and persisting challenges require sustained efforts and continued close collaboration. The GMS countries have repeatedly risen to every obstacle presented, and now is the time to re-double efforts and achieve the 2030 goal of malaria elimination for the region.

State health departments leverage pharmacy partnerships across the nation to advance diabetes care initiatives

BackgroundIn 2018, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)’s Division of Diabetes Translation (DDT) initiated a 5-year cooperative agreement funding opportunity with departments of health in every state and the District of Columbia. The funded recipients pursued activities that strengthened diabetes management and type 2 diabetes prevention interventions within their jurisdictions. An option to involve the pharmacy sector in their diabetes-related interventions was available. ObjectivesThis research aims to understand who public health departments partnered with in the pharmacy sector and identify the types of activities pursued together to expand access to diabetes-related interventions. MethodsA review of annual work plans and progress reports submitted to CDC by recipients during the first 4 years of the funding cycle was conducted. Descriptions of work conducted in partnership with pharmacies, pharmacists, or pharmacy organizations were flagged for review, coding, and analysis. ResultsOf the 51 public health department recipients, 48 collaborated with pharmacy partners within their jurisdictions. Activities were developed and carried out in ways that utilized the pharmacy workforce to support public health diabetes initiatives, such as the development and delivery of diabetes self-management education and support and type 2 diabetes prevention programs in pharmacies (68.8%), delivery of diabetes-related training for the pharmacy workforce (91.7%), and support of billing and sustainability efforts for pharmacy-based diabetes services (52.1%). ConclusionState public health department diabetes program personnel cultivated productive relationships with a variety of members of the pharmacy workforce. Through these partnerships, they leveraged one another's resources, expertise, and mutual determination to prepare and carry out diabetes-related interventions within their states. This document provides pharmacists and pharmacy decision-makers with foundational knowledge that can lead to increased engagement with public health partners to expand diabetes management and prevention services in pharmacy settings.

Kegiatan Lokakarya Perencanaan Berbasis Data Program Sekolah Penggerak Angkatan I Tahun Ketiga di Kabupaten Soppeng

Data-based planning is the process of collecting, analyzing and using data to determine goals, strategies and activities that will be carried out to improve and increase the quality of education in schools which is very important to understand in the Driving School Program. The aim of this workshop activity is that participants who attend are able to prepare data-based plans which will later produce Annual Work Plans (RKT) and School Work Plans and Budgets (RKAS) which are part of data-based planning in schools. The method used in the form of a data-based planning workshop is participatory from the learning committee, namely the principal and elementary school teachers of each school, including from 4 levels of elementary school, namely SDN 100 Dare Bunga-Bungae, SDN 118 Ujung, SDN 238 Laempa, and SDN 5 Mattiropole in the area. Soppeng Regency. The data-based planning workshop activity was held on Saturday 11 November 2023 at SMPN 3 Watansoppeng by involving participants directly during the activity with a flow of activities starting from the opening, starting from the self, concept exploration, collaboration space, contextual demonstration, real action plan and closing. The final result of this data-based planning workshop activity is a draft product of the Annual Work Plan (RKT) and School Work Plan and Budget (RKAS). Thus, these data-based planning activities can have a positive impact on each school in the Class I Driving School Program, which can strengthen various participants' skills and competencies in preparing designs related to data-based planning, thereby encouraging digitalization in schools

Strategi Pengelolaan Dana Bantuan Operasional Sekolah Dasar Inpres Kecil Salena Kota Palu

This research aims to determine the management strategy for Operational Assistance Funds (BOS) at the Salena Small Inpres Elementary School, Palu City. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. This research involved the school principal and BOS treasurer as primary data sources. Secondary data sources include the school profile, vision and mission, BOS Annual Activity Plan (RKT Annual Work Plan), BOS Accountability Report (LPJ Accountability Report), and teacher data. The results of the interviews were then transcribed into Indonesian. The results show that the BOS fund management strategy goes through several stages and processes, namely planning, management, evaluation and reporting. The planning, management, evaluation and reporting components show that the Salena Small Inpres Elementary School in Palu City has run well in accordance with the provisions of the technical guidelines for managing BOS funds. The obstacles that were found resulted in the implementation of these regulations being hampered by the school so that the program that had been prepared in the RKAS could not run well. Recommendations that can be given are periodic evaluations from stakeholders so that BOS funds can be managed effectively and efficiently.

Internalization Of SAF Physical Assignment For Environment And Forestry In The Development Planning Of North Sumatera Province

Fiscal balance is intended to ensure balance and fairness in using financial resources between the central and regional governments so that regions have sufficient resources to meet local needs without neglecting national interests. Fiscal balance is also carried out in the environment and forestry sectors. To date, efforts to improve environmental quality and the carrying capacity of watersheds and lakes are still not in line with national expectations. The Special Allocation Fund (SAF) budget for the Environment and Forestry (E&F) Sector is encouraged to support the national priorities contained in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (MNDP) document and detailed in the Government Annual Work Plan (GAWP), with its implementation carried out by the Regional Government. This study aims to evaluate the internalization of the SAF Physical E&F Sector Menu in regional planning and assess the implementation of its utilization in the regions as input for future development planning in the environment and forestry sectors. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to ongoing evaluation through a literature review, questionnaires, and limited discussions (FGD) with regional stakeholders. The literature review used regional planning documents in 34 provinces, with a deep dive into North Sumatra Province. Based on the results of questionnaires, local governments argue that 71 percent of SAF has effectively achieved goals and objectives, while the remaining 29 percent is still not optimal. For the regions, the limited budget also causes low SAF effectiveness. The central and local governments must sit together to formulate the importance of increasing budget allocations in the Environment and Forestry field in the regions, increasing human resources capacity, improving coordination between relevant agencies, engaging relevant parties in conflict resolution, and improving monitoring and evaluation mechanisms.

Optimizing Work Planning for Grain Crop Cultivation: Software Components

The paper considers modernization of the agricultural sector with the aim of enhancing its efficiency and competitiveness through the implementation of digital technologies. Additionally, it analyzes the methods and software employed for the selection of technologies and technical tools. (Research purpose) The research aims to develop software modules for managing the production of crop products. This involves the selection of appropriate agricultural technologies and the optimal utilization of the machine and tractor fleet. The software designed is expected to take into account the farm agroclimatic and production conditions. (Materials and methods) The development of software components for a web-based software package aimed to facilitate the annual work planning in grain crop cultivation, is based on a method rooted in the evaluation of natural, climatic, and production conditions. (Results and discussion) The findings support the feasibility of developing software components for a web-based software package by selecting agricultural technologies and determining optimal utilization options for technical means. The research resulted in the development of a structural scheme for the software package designed as a web-based application, encompassing such software modules as «Selection of technologies» and «Selection of technical means». These modules share a unified interface and operate on a common database. The operation of software modules for selecting technologies was tested in the northern forest-steppe zone of the Novosibirsk region in 2022.The tests examined the cultivation technologies for wheat at a standard intensification level across four working areas with varying predecessors. (Conclusions) The developed software components will be subsequently integrated into the software package in the form of a web application. This application can serve as a support system for making informed managerial decisions in the realm of machine-based agricultural technologies. The software package facilitates the automation of technology selection, the creation of an annual work plan, and the computation of economic indicators.

FUNGSI BADAN PERMUSYAWARATAN DESA DALAM MENAMPUNG DAN MENYALURKAN ASPIRASI MASYARAKAT DESA

The Village Consultative Board, hereinafter referred to as the BPD, is an institution that is the embodiment of democracy in the administration of village governance. In accordance with Law No. 6/2014 on Villages, the Village Consultative Board functions as a board that discusses and agrees on draft village regulations with the Village Head, as well as accommodates and channels the aspirations of the village community, and supervises the performance of the Village Head. This research used qualitative methods using data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. The sampling was through the purposive sampling. To test the validity of the data, the researchers used trangulation techniques. In the regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia No. 110 of 2016 on the village consultative board item a, b, and d, has a task, namely to explore the aspirations of the community, to absorb the aspirations of the community, and to channel the aspirations of the community. Therefore, in order to absorb the aspirations of the community, the Tlekung Village Consultative Board must be closer to the community as the development in the village itself comes from the aspirations of the community. Eventually, it can be channeled to the village government to create programs that can solve existing problems. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the function of Tlekung Village Consultative Board in carrying out the task of exploring, accommodating and channeling the aspirations of the village community is going well. The supporting factors in this study are the harmonious relationship between the Village Consultative Board and the Village Government, so that the Village Consultative Board is facilitated by the Village Government in carrying out its activities, and the enthusiastic participation of the community in communicating their aspirations. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factor is the difference of views in the meeting between the Village Consultative Board and the Village Government. However, this is considered normal to achieve consensus so that the discussion of the Village Mid-Term Village Development Plan (RPJMDes), which is outlined in the annual Village Government Work Plan (RKP), runs well.

The Urgency of Village Fund Management Planning

Introduction: The development of Indonesia is an ongoing program established by the government, which is not solely focused on urban development but is currently prioritized starting from rural areas. Purposes of the Research: To achieve this goal, the government has allocated state finances in the form of village funds. One form of village fund management is village expenditure, the implementation of which must comply with the Minister of Finance Regulation Number 201/PMK.07/2022 concerning Village Fund Management.Methods of the Research: This paper was produced by conducting research using normative legal research methods.Results of the Research: The West Seram Regency government recently inaugurated village heads within its jurisdiction since 2022, in several waves, following earlier controversies regarding the determination of village and traditional villages' status. During this period, many villages were led by officials acting as village heads (caretakers), including Sanahu village, the location of this research, whose village head will only be appointed at the end of 2022. Village development planning is the initial step in village fund management, formulated in the Musrembangdes, which consists of the Village Consultative Body (BPD) and community representatives to prepare the Village Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJM Desa) and the Village Annual Work Plan (RKP) for the year 2022, which will be realized in 2023. During the implementation of the work programs, it was observed that some programs could not be carried out because they did not align with the village head's vision and mission, as they were merely copied from other villages' programs. This, of course, significantly affects the absorption of village funds.

THE INFLUENCE OF TEACHING MODELS IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC CONDITIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRACTICAL SKILLS OF SECONDARY MEDICAL SCHOOL STUDENTS

Background: The school's statute determines the annual work plan of the school. This plan includes institutions as teaching bases, with the lesson fund from the course plan for practical teaching. A teaching base may be a social or health institution that is appointed by the minister of education. Since March 6, 2020, when the first case of the COVID-19 pandemic was diagnosed in Serbia, it has not been possible to perform practical lessons in teaching bases. Instead, practical teaching has been done on the school premises; thus, we encountered the problem that students could not fully adopt theoretical knowledge and practical skills. One of the main motives that led us to this research was what are today's students ‘opinions about their education and whether the pandemic brought them relief or difficulties in education. Aim: To examine the students’ attitudes about the practical skills they developed during remote health care practice. Methods and Respondents: The respondents were 120 students in the fourth grade of secondary medical schools who were surveyed and tested with a specially created questionnaire and knowledge test for the purpose of this research. Results and Discussion: Most students realize the shortcomings of a distance healthcare teaching model. Certain percentages of students believe that distance learning decreases the motivation of medical school students for further education and work in the field of healthcare. Conclusion: Students have different opinions about the impact of the distance learning model in health care on developing their practical skills. Research indicates a reduced quality of students’ practical skills.

The Effect of the Application of Good Corporate Governance Principles on the Managerial Performance of General Companies in the Tirta Kanjuruhan Area

The purpose of this study is to find out the description of the application of the principles of transparency, accountability, responsibility, independence, fairness to the Tirta Kanjuruhan Regional Public Company. This research focuses on the effect of the application of good corporate governance principles on the managerial performance of general companies in the tirta kanjuruhan area. This type of research is quantitative research with multiple linier regression techniques. The total population of this study was 36 people, with the method used was a census. The respondents of this study were middle-level officials at the Tirta Kanjuruhan Regional Public Company. The results showed that the implementation of good corporate governance on the principle of transparency gained good perception by Perumda Tirta Kanjuruhan employees. The participation of employees in decision making was responded positively by respondents. Meanwhile, with accountability, clarity of functions, implementation, and accountability of organs so that company management is carried out effectively. It was found that the division of tasks of the Perumda Tirta Kanjuruhan organizational structure had matured and did not cause overlapping task implementation between employees. That responsibility is very effective in managing the company. Prudence shows that in Perumda Tirta Kanjuruhan in running its business is very concerned about business risks. The principle of independence shows that the company has been managed in a healthy manner. Professional to determine performance targets, in preparing the company’s annual work plan shows that in running its business Perumda Tirta Kanjuruhan has a measurable business orientation. In the principle of fairness, it is found that in running a business, the company can balance between the interests of the company and the rights of stakeholders.

PENGARUH MANAJEMEN STRATEGI DAN PENYUSUNAN ANGGARAN HIBAH PEMILIHAN TERHADAP KINERJA KOMISI PEMILIHAN UMUM KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH

The General Election Commission (KPU) is a non-structural state institution that provides public services in the field of holding elections and elections. In planning its duties and functions, the KPU of Central Lampung Regency has prepared strategic plans, annual work plans and performance agreements. Implementation of strategic management and preparation of the budget are considered to affect institutional performance, both financial performance and program activities. This research is a descriptive research with a correlational quantitative approach. The variables tested in this study are the implementation of strategic management and budgeting as independent variables and performance achievement as the dependent variable. This study uses secondary data in the form of institutional documents in the form of comments on strategic plans, annual work plans, performance reports and budget realization. This study shows that the variable (X1) is the application of strategic management which moves towards improving election performance. Variable (X2) the implementation of budgeting that affects institutional performance.

Pembinaan Kelompok Tani Sintuvu Roso Dalam Pengelolaan Hutan Kemasyarakatan

Community forestry (HKm) is a state forest that aims to empower communities around the forest without disturbing its main function, whose management is carried out by farmer groups. However, there are still many members of farmer groups who do not understand HKm management. This service activity is carried out to increase the knowledge of farmer groups as community forest managers. The target of this activity is the Sintuvu Roso farmer group, Wombo Kalonggo Village, Tanantovea District, Donggala Regency. Based on the results of observations, situation analysis and problem identification, it was discovered that the partners had problems, including the social forestry work plan and annual work plan had not been prepared, and many group members did not know the HKm limits. The stages of the implementation of community service consist of observation, problem identification, counseling and training, evaluation of activities and preparation of reports. The solution to this problem is that partners carry out counseling activities on how to manage and prepare HKm work plans and training on using Avenza maps. The results of the implementation of the service that has been carried out are increasing the knowledge of farmer groups in managing community forests and using the Avenza Maps application.

The importance of event marketing on the example of higher education institutions in Georgia

The event marketing approach today is an independent industry. Many leading com-paniesusethistypeofmarketing.Buttheeventmarketingapproachtoeducationispanies use this type of marketing. But the event marketing approach to education is acomparativeinnovation.Authorsmonitoreduniversitiesformarketingapproach-a comparative innovation. Authors monitored universities for marketing approach-estocapturethetargetmarket.Authorsreceivedinformationabouttheworkloades to capture the target market. Authors received information about the workload ofuniversitiesandtheirstatusfromofficialwebsites.Theinformationabouttheof universities and their status from offi cial websites. The information about the marketingactivitiesintheuniversitieswecollectedonthebasisoforalinterviewsmarketing activities in the universities we collected on the basis of oral interviews withtheadministrationandstudentsandfillinginquestionnaires.InmodernGeor-with the administration and students and fi lling in questionnaires. In modern Geor-gia,theEducationsectorinGeorgiaisoneofthewell-developedstructures,whichgia, the Education sector in Georgia is one of the well-developed structures, which islogicallyintertwinedwiththebusinesssector.Thereare86Universitiesintheis logically intertwined with the business sector. There are 86 Universities in the territoryofGeorgiasomeofthemareLEPL,andtheotherpartsareLTDandterritory of Georgia some of them are LEPL, and the other parts are LTD and NNLE.Itturnedoutthatallmetropolitanuniversities,especiallytheuniversitiesofNNLE. It turned out that all metropolitan universities, especially the universities of theLTDandNNLEformation,resorttoactivemarketingactivities.Regionaluni-the LTD and NNLE formation, resort to active marketing activities. Regional uni-versitiesspendlessmoneyandtimeontheseevents.Thisisreflectedintheprestigeversities spend less money and time on these events. This is refl ected in the prestige oftheuniversities.ItmustbesaidthatthoseuniversitiesinGeorgia,wheretheeventof the universities. It must be said that those universities in Georgia, where the event marketingplanispartoftheorganization’sannualdevelopmentworkplan,canmarketing plan is part of the organization’s annual development work plan, can makegreatstridesintermsofinvolvingapplicants,aswellasinattractingstudentsmake great strides in terms of involving applicants, as well as in attracting students through mobility from other universities in the country. through mobility from other universities in the country.

Metode akuisisi dalam pengembangan bahan pustaka di Perpustakaan Al-Ghazali Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Al-Ghazali Cilacap

This study discusses the method of acquiring library materials at the Al-Ghazali Library, Nahdlatul Ulama Imam Al-Ghazali University Cilacap, the aim is to see the process of acquiring the library materials. This research method uses qualitative methods, with a case study at the Al-Ghazali Unugha Cilacap library. Data collection techniques through interviews and literature study. The conclusion that can be drawn is that the Al-Ghazali Unugha Cilacap library carries out the process of developing a collection of library materials through three stages, starting with the purchasing process, in this process the purchase is not determined by the time, unless the librarian makes an Annual Work Plan and Budget (RAT) first. The second stage is receiving grants or gifts from other institutions, this stage the Unugha library receives grants from the Asia Foundation, and the third is the exchange of resources, this stage the Unugha library collaborates with several surrounding universities such as UIN Saizu Purwokerto, Cilacap State Polytechnic and Cilacap Regional Library. The obstacles experienced by the Al-Ghazali Unugha Cilacap library, such as the uncertainty of purchasing books in large quantities or in large quantities due to limited budget funds

The Implementation of Competency Development of State Civil Apparatus in The Framework of Fulfilling The Rights of Civil Servants In West Sumatra Province

This study aims to know the implementation of competency development for Civil Servants (PNS) in West Sumatra. As an element of the state apparatus, civil servants have the right to participate in the development so that their competence in providing public services can possibly be carried out in a professional and qualified manner. The results of this study are expected to contribute to local government policies in managing the ASN. Based on Article 70 of Law Number 5 of 2014 concerning State Civil Apparatus (UU ASN) which states that every ASN employee has the right and opportunity to develop their competency, each Government Agency is required to prepare an annual competency development plan that is included in the annual work plan of the respective agency's budget. This can have an impact on the competence of less effective personnel, causing their responsibilities to be carried out inefficiently and negatively impacting the quality of public services. The issues in this study: 1. How is the management of civil servants in West Sumatra Province? 2. How is the competency development of civil servants in West Sumatra Province implemented? The research method used is a sociological juridical (empirical) approach. This research is descriptive and analytical. The data are collected through interviews and document studies. This research aligns with the strategic research plan set by Andalas University for 2020 – 2024, which is focused on the issue of political and social law. The results of the study show that the management of PNS in West Sumatra Province has not been based on a comparison of the competencies and qualifications required by positions with the competencies and qualifications held by the PNS, owing to the merit system’s ineffective implementation in PNS management. Implementation of PNS Competency Development in West Sumatra Province, from the data obtained, only 1,168 out of 18,614 civil servants in West Sumatra Province participated in PNS competency development, and the annual competency development plan document was not prepared, this shows that it is still not optimal and the implementation is not yet appropriate between civil servant competency development and applicable regulations.

Institutionalization of Minimum Service Standards (MSS) for Health Facilities in Nepal:

Access to health facilities alone, without quality services, does more harm than the benefit to the people’s health. Nepal has invested more than two decades in expansion of number of health facilities and the journey is still on to balance level of health facilities based on the federal structure. Institutionalization of Minimum Service Standards (MSS) for health facilities in Nepal implemented by Ministry of Health and Population is an exemplary Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle for health facilities readiness and service availability for quality improvement. From its design, development, stakeholders’ engagement, implementation to development of action plan makes MSS lively and outcome oriented tool. MSS for health facilities in Nepal is an effort of government to prepare foundation of readiness and service availability to move ahead with effective quality service utilization. Digitalization of the all sets of MSS, development of MSS to cover the existing type of the health facilities currently present in the country and access of data set for researchers is the way forward. Developing standards for national accreditation system and international collaboration is the next step to embrace. Furthermore, MSS gradually reported through self assessment of the health facilities with occasional monitoring by the local, provincial and federal government and gap fulfillment through routine annual work plan and budgeting is the future direction. It is high time MoHP moves ahead with service specific quality improvement tools integrated with MSS assessment prepare them for high quality health systems that can adapt to changing health needs and health shocks.

Sustainable financing of AYSRH programs by local governments through the TCI model.

Despite the existence of a legal policy framework, financing of adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health (AYSRH) services has remained weak. External donors are the main financing agents, which has implications for the sustainability of service provision. International development partners have reduced funding for health programs from historically high levels. In Kenya, the health sector's budget allocation has remained below the 15% committed to under the Abuja declaration. With Kenya's devolved government structure, a greater proportion of financial resources are dedicated towards recurrent and structural expenses as opposed to addressing health systems gaps. The purpose of this manuscript is to assess the contribution of The Challenge Initiative (TCI) Business Unusual model on AYSRH services in the counties of Kilifi and Migori, as well as to examine the institutionalization of high impact interventions (HIIs) within the annual work plan, budget, and systems of the said counties. Additionally, this study aims to analyse the trend in contraceptive uptake among adolescent and young women aged 15 to 24 in Kilifi and Migori counties. Migori and Kilifi Counties chose to partner with TCI to implement the Business Unusual model. Interested counties apply for the initiative's support and commit to contributing a portion of the funding needed to adapt and implement high impact interventions (HIIs). Based on the identified gaps, TCI supported the counties to prioritize the HIIs including integrated outreaches, youth fixed days, whole site orientation, youth champions, and youth dialogues. The program was implemented between July 2018 to June 2021 in 60 and 68 public health facilities of Kilifi and Migori Counties, respectively. The county teams identified and selected program implementation team whose key role was to coordinate, review, monitor, mobilize resources and report AYSRH program implementation progress. The results showed a 60% increase in financial commitments on AYSRH programming from 2018 to 2021 in both counties. The average expenditure for committed funds for Kilifi and Migori Counties was 116% and 41% respectively. As the counties continued to allocate and spend funds on the implementation of HIIs, there was a noticeable increase in contraceptive uptake among the young people aged 15 to 24 who visited health facilities for services. There was a 59% and 28% percentage increase in contraceptive uptake among young people (15-24 years) between 2018 and 2021. The proportion of adolescents amongst those presenting for first ANC clinic dropped from 29.4% in 2017 to 9% in 2021 in Kilifi County and from 32.2% in 2017 to 14% in 2021 in Migori County. Using the TCI's Sisi kwa Sisi coaching model of lead-assist-observe-monitor, 20 master coaches were trained. The master coaches cascaded the training to over 97 coaches. The coaches will continue to build capacity of peers in advocacy for resource mobilization and implementation of HIIs. At least nine of TCI's HIIs have been adopted in Kilifi and Migori County strategies and annual work plans, and there is financial support for their sustainability. The increase in adolescent contraceptive uptake might have been as a result of the system strengthening through self-financing of AYSRH programs, the institutionalization of HIIs, and the coaching. Local governments can invest in and sustain their own AYSRH programs, which will lead to an improvement in adolescent and youth access to contraceptive services and, as a result, a reduction in adolescent pregnancies, maternal mortality, and infant mortality.