Annual Financial Reports Research Articles

Analisis Deskriptif Penerapan Kecerdasan Buatan, Prediksi Integritas, Kinerja Keuangan dan Ukuran Perusahaan di Perbankan Indonesia dan Singapura Tahun 2021 – 2023

This study aims to analyze the application of artificial intelligence, integrity prediction, financial performance, and company size in the Indonesian and Singapore banking sectors during the 2021-2023 period. Secondary data is used in this study, including annual reports, financial reports, and other relevant data sources. The quantitative descriptive method was applied to analyze the collected data. The results show that the adoption of artificial intelligence in the banking sector has had a positive impact on operational efficiency, fraud detection, and risk management. In addition, corporate integrity prediction plays an important role in maintaining the stability and reputation of financial institutions, with artificial intelligence technology assisting in detecting potential risks and fraudulent activities. This study also found that firm size, as measured by total assets, contributes significantly to bank financial performance. These findings make an important contribution to the literature and provide insights for policy makers and banking practitioners to optimize the use of artificial intelligence technology and integrity prediction in improving firm performance and competitiveness.

PENGARUH E-BANKING TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN (STUDI KASUS PADA PERBANKAN DENGAN MARKET CAP TERATAS DI INDONESIA)

The use of technology in the banking sector is currently growing rapidly with the presence of E-banking. E-banking may affect financial performance and can increase banking profits. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of E-banking on the financial performance of banks with the top market cap. ROA is used as the dependent variable to represent financial performance. The independent variables used are ATM, M-banking, DPK and BOPO by adding bank size as a control variable. The samples used are BBCA, BBRI, BMRI, BBNI and MEGA. The type of data used is secondary data with panel data regression analysis of the annual financial report data of each bank from 2015-2022. The results of this study are ATM, M-banking and BOPO have a significant effect on ROA while DPK has no significant effect on ROA. Simultaneously, ATM, M-banking, DPK, BOPO and Bank Size variables have a significant effect on ROA. Therefore, the implication of this research is that banks focus on improving and developing E-banking in order to increase bank profits which will improve the bank's financial performance.

Corporate Governance Reforms and the Quality of Financial Information of Listed Non-Financial Services Firms in Nigeria

The increasing demand for high quality financial information by the relevant users of financial report has become a serious concern and inevitable on the management of listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria. The primary objective of this study is to examine the nexus between corporate governance reforms and the quality financial information of listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria. Using an ex-post facto as the research design for the study, data was obtained from the secondary sources through the extraction method from the annual financial reports and accounts of the listed firms for 276 firm-year observations, from 2018 to 2023 period. Out of the seventy-five (75) listed non-financial services firms in Nigerian Exchange Group as at 31st December, 2018, a sample size of fourty-six (46) listed firms were used with aid of purposive filter sampling technique. The Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) regression was used as the model estimation technique for the study. Based on the regression analysis, it was found that board size, assurance services and transparency have positive significant impact on financial information quality of listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria. However, sustainability was statistically found to have insignificant impact on quality of financial information of listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria. Therefore, it is recommended that the board of directors of listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria ensure that more members are nominated to participate in the board’s decision. This is because of the fact that larger board sizes are more likely to create avenue for cross-fertilization of ideas thereby, making decisions that can safeguard, uphold and enhance the quality of the financial information of the listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria. The results also underscore the relevance of corporate governance codes and their impacts on FIQ and transparent disclosure. This study offers policy implications to regulatory agencies and standard-setters in their oversight function over the quality of financial information disclosed in annual reports.

PENGARUH FINANCIAL DISTRESS DAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP KECEPATAN PUBLIKASI LAPORAN KEUANGAN TAHUNAN

The matter of submitting annual financial reports on time greatly affects the quality of the financial report itself. Financial reports are said to be of quality when information is presented on time and available when needed. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the condition of financial distress and the form of corporate governance of a company affect the speed of publication of annual financial reports. The study was conducted on companies engaged in the property and real estate sector and listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2021-2022. The purposive sampling technique was used to select samples with a total of 140 samples. The data in the study are secondary data. The data analysis technique is multiple linear analysis. The results of the study show that financial distress and corporate governance represented by managerial ownership and audit quality do not affect the speed of publication of annual financial reports. Meanwhile, corporate governance represented by independent commissioners, institutional ownership and audit committees have a negative effect on the speed of publication of annual financial reports

ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PSAK 46 (STUDI KASUS PADA PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA, TBK)

This paper presents an analysis of the implementation of PSAK 46 on deferred taxes at PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk. For the period 2021-2022. The study focuses on the recognition, presentation, and disclosure of deferred tax assets and liabilities in the financial statements. The research uses the annual financial reports of PT Telkom Indonesia for the years 2021-2022. The results reveal the company’s recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities, as well as the impact on its financial performance. The study contributes to enhancing the quality of financial information required by stakeholders

Effect of Transfer Pricing, Capital Intensity and Audit Committee on Tax Avoidance

This research was conducted with the aim of providing empirical evidence of Transfer Pricing, Capital Intensity and Audit Committees on Tax Avoidance (Case Study of Energy Sector Mining Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2021-2022 Period). The sample selection technique was carried out using the porpusive sampling method. The total population in this study was 82 companies with a sample size of 31 companies that met the sample criteria. Data collection in this research uses secondary data obtained from the annual financial reports of companies operating in the mining industry, energy sub-sector which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2021-2022 period. This research method uses a quantitative method with data testing used using SPSS version 26. The data analysis used is descriptive statistical analysis. The results of this research show that transfer pricing, capital intensity, and audit committees have a positive and significant influence on tax avoidance, such as which was tested using t test analysis and F test.

Volume as a Mediating in the Effect of Costs on Net Profit

This research aims to determine the effect of promotional costs and production costs on net profit, with sales volume as a mediating variable. The data source uses secondary data with a quantitative research method. The sample was taken using purposive sampling techniques based on specific criteria, resulting in the annual financial reports of 13 companies in the food processing subsector for the period of 2020-2022. The data analysis method was conducted using path analysis models, with testing carried out through panel data regression, correlation analysis, determination coefficient analysis, hypothesis testing using t-tests and F-tests, and the bootstrap method. The analysis results show that both promotion costs and production costs have a low correlation with net profit, while the contribution of promotion costs, production costs, and sales volume to net profit is very strong when considered together. In the relationship between promotion costs and net profit, sales volume mediates the indirect relationship; whereas in the relationship between production costs and net profit, there is no mediation

PENGARUH TRANSFER PRICING, UMUR PERUSAHAAN, DAN PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK

This study aims to provide empirical evidence of the effect of transfer pricing, company age, and sales growth on tax avoidance. The population in this study is consumer non-cyclicals companies in the food and beverage subsector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2018-2022 period. The type of research used is an associative quantitative approach using secondary data in the form of annual financial reports obtained from the IDX. This research uses purposive sampling. The number of samples used was 17 companies with 5 years of observation, so that the total sample of this study was 85 data. Data analysis in this study used panel data regression analysis with the help of EViews version 9 software. The results of the study simultaneously show that transfer pricing, company age, and sales growth affect tax avoidance. While the partial research results show that: (1) Transfer pricing has no effect on tax avoidance, (2) Company age affects tax avoidance, and (3) Sales growth has no effect on tax avoidance. This research is expected to provide contribution benefits in the development of theory about the effect of transfer pricing, company age, and sales growth on tax avoidance

DETERMINASI KETEPATWAKTUAN PELAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SUB SEKTOR MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN DI BEI

The importance of submitting annual financial reports on time greatly influences the quality of the financial reports themselves. Financial reports are said to be of quality when the information is presented in a timely manner and is available when needed. Timeliness means that information must be delivered as quickly as possible so that it can be used as a basis to assist in decision making. This research was conducted to see whether or not there was an influence from the variables, namely profitability, leverage, liquidity, company size and audit opinion. This research was conducted on food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2021-2022. Sampling used purposive sampling technique with a total of 52 samples. The data used is secondary data. The data analysis technique used is logistic regression analysis. This research analyzes using SPSS version 26. The research results show that profitability has no effect on the timeliness of financial reporting. Meanwhile, leverage, liquidity, company size and audit opinion influence the timeliness of financial reporting

STUDI EKSPLORASI FAKTOR PENENTU PENILAIAN HARGA SAHAM PT SEMEN INDONESIA (PERSERO) TBK

This research explores the share price performance of PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk from 2019 to 2023 using descriptive analysis methods. The research focus includes variables such as Earnings Per Share (EPS), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Total Asset Turnover (TATO), Return on Equity (ROE), Current Ratio (CR), Price Earning Ratio (PER), and Net Profit Margin (NPM). The data used comes from the annual financial report of PT Semen Indonesia. Research findings show that the company experiences significant fluctuations in EPS which are influenced by sales dynamics and operational costs.ROE shows variations in the efficiency of using own capital, while DER decreases consistently, reflecting good management in debt management. TATO and ROA experienced fluctuations, reflecting the company's efforts to optimize the use of assets to increase operational efficiency. The company's liquidity, as reflected in the CR remains stable in meeting short-term obligations. Even though PER has decreased, indicating a lower market assessment of share valuation, NPM varies due to fluctuating operational costs. To improve stability and profitability in the future, the company's focus needs to be increased on operational efficiency and better cost management

How Does Leverage, Firm Size, and Cash Flow Affect The Financial Distress?

The objective of this study is to investigate and gather empirical data about the impact of leverage, firm size, and cash flow on financial distress in construction companies that are listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange between 2018 and 2022. Research data is evaluated using logistic regression using SPSS 23 for Windows, using secondary data gathered from the company's annual financial reports and official website. According to the study's findings, three factors significantly influence financial distress: 1) leverage has no effect; 2) firm size has a negative effect; and 3) cash flow has no effect. The results of this research can be used as a basis for taking corrective action if there are indications that the company is experiencing financial distress. Thus, to better manage the firm's financial risks, even though company size is the only major element, management should nevertheless keep an eye on other factors like liquidity and cash flow.

ANALISIS RASIO LIKUIDITAS DALAM MEMENUHI KEWAJIBAN PADA PERUSAHAAN DAGANG YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

The objective of this research is to analyze the liquidity ratio in measuring the company's ability to meet obligations in trading companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The usefulness of the research results is expected to contribute to the understanding of solving issues related to the analysis of factors affecting customer loyalty and can be used as a consideration for the companies studied in taking corrective steps for the future. It can also be used as an evaluation material in determining future company strategies. Financial ratio analysis is a part of business or risk prospect analysis for decision-making purposes by evaluating the business environment, strategy, and the company's financial position and performance. The financial statement analyses commonly used by companies include liquidity analysis, solvency analysis, and profitability analysis. Liquidity analysis provides insights into a company's ability to match short-term liabilities maturing with current assets. The liquidity ratio owned by the company can be used as an evaluation material and for the effectiveness of company management. Based on these issues, the author conducted research on "Liquidity Ratio Analysis in Meeting Obligations in Trading Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange" using annual financial reports for the period 2020-2022. The data analysis technique in this study uses descriptive analysis by collecting data, classifying data, explaining, and analyzing to provide clear information and insights into the issues being researched. The results of the study show the liquidity ratio in measuring the ability of short-term debt of trading companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2020-2022, including PT. Bintang Oto Global Tbk, PT. Midi Utama Indonesia Tbk, PT. Wicaksana Overseas International Tbk, PT. Modern International Tbk, and PT. Perdana Bangun Pusaka Tbk. Viewed from the current ratio of 42.22% < 75%, it is categorized as unhealthy, meaning the hypothesis taken is that the company is unable to meet short-term debt obligations with the liquidity ratio. The quick ratio of 286.69% and the cash ratio of 181.31% > 150% are categorized as very healthy, thus the hypothesis taken is that the company is able to meet short-term debt obligations with the liquidity ratio.

Evaluation of the Impact of Monetary Policy on the Financial Performance of Manufacturing Companies: Implications of Interest Rates, Inflation and Macroeconomic Stability

This study aims to evaluate the impact of monetary policy on the financial performance of manufacturing companies in Indonesia, emphasising the implications of interest rates, inflation, and macroeconomic stability. Using a quantitative approach through multiple regression analysis, this study analyzes the relationship between monetary policy variables of Bank Indonesia's benchmark interest rate, inflation rate, exchange rate, foreign exchange reserves, and budget deficit with the company's financial performance, as measured using Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Net Profit Margin (NPM). Secondary data used in this study include the annual financial reports of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2015-2023. The study results indicate that the benchmark interest rate has a significant negative effect on ROA and ROE. In contrast, the inflation rate shows varying impacts on NPM and other financial performance. In addition, macroeconomic stability is measured through indicators of the rupiah exchange rate against the USD, foreign exchange reserves, and budget deficit, which significantly affect the company's financial performance. These findings emphasize the importance of monetary policy and macroeconomic stability in determining the profitability of manufacturing companies in Indonesia. This study implies that corporate management needs to develop more adaptive strategies to deal with fluctuations in monetary policy and macroeconomic conditions. In addition, policymakers need to consider the long-term impact of monetary policy on the manufacturing sector to create an economic environment conducive to industrial growth. This study contributes significantly to the literature on the impact of monetary policy on corporate financial performance in emerging markets.

Analysis of The Implementation of Government Accounting System in The District Office of North Gunungsitoli

The purpose of this study is to find out how the government accounting system is implemented at the Gunungsitoli Utara District Office. The population is the financial report at the Gunungsitoli Utara District Office in 2023. The sample taken in this study is the financial report at the Gunungsitoli Utara District Office in 2023. The data analysis technique uses a qualitative descriptive method. Based on the results of the study on the preparation of annual financial reports, the Gunungsitoli Utara District Office has prepared its annual financial report in accordance with Government Regulation Number 71 of 2010 concerning Government Accounting Standards and Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 13 of 2006 concerning Guidelines for Regional Financial Management, with details 1. The Budget Realization Report presents the realization of income and expenditure compared to its budget for one budget year, 2. The balance sheet presents assets, liabilities and equity funds at the end of the budget year., 3. Notes to the Financial Statements.

Pengaruh Leverage dan Likuiditas terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Asuransi Syariah di Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to see how leverage (measured by Debt to Equity Ratio) and liquidity (measured by Current Ratio) affect profitability (measured by Return on Equity) in Indonesian Sharia Insurance Companies. The independent variables in this research are Debt to Equity Ratio and Current Ratio, while the dependent variable is Return on Equity. The data analyzed comes from the company's annual financial reports from 2017 to 2021. The research results show a simultaneous test result or F test of 7.129 with a sig value of 0.000. Fcount 7.129 > Ftable 2.76 with a sig value of 0.00 < 0.05 indicates that the hypothesis in this research or H1 can be accepted which states that the Debt to Equity Ratio and Current Ratio both have a significant influence on Return On Equity. The research results show that.

THE INFLUENCE OF PROFITABILITY RATIO AND ACTIVITY RATIO ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN AUTOMOTIVE SUB-SECTOR MANUFACTURING COMPANIES AND THEIR COMPONENTS LISTED ON THE INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE YEAR 2018-2022

This research aims to examine and analyze the influence of profitability ratios and activity ratios on financial performance in automotive sub-sector manufacturing companies and their components listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2018- 2022. This research includes quantitative research. The data used in this research is in the form of annual financial reports of Automotive and Component Subsector Manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2018-2022. The sampling technique uses the Purposive Sampling method. The population is 15 companies. The sample that meets the criteria is 10 companies. The analysis technique used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis with the help of the SPSS program. Based on the results of data analysis using SPSS 25, it shows that the Profitability Ratio which is proxied by ROE and ROA has a significant effect on financial performance with a significance value of ROE of 0.028 and a significance value of ROA of 0.011, the Activity Ratio which is proxied by Inventory Turnover & Total Asset Turnover has a significant effect on performance. finance with an ITO significance value of 0.013 and a TATO significance value of 0.050. Simultaneously, the Profitability Ratio and Activity Ratio variables have a significant effect on financial performance with a significance value of 0.008.

The Influence of Employee Productivity and Operational Costs on Increasing Revenue PT. Diamond National Iron Industry Medan

This research aims to analyze the impact of employee productivity and operational costs on income growth at PT. Intan National Iron Industry Medan. The study uses multiple linear regression methods with a sample of annual financial reports from the past six years, which have been approved by the company leadership. The motivation for this research stems from fluctuations in income over the years, particularly during the pandemic, where a drastic decline was observed. The income generated was insufficient to cover operational costs, leading to unmet income targets and a lack of management incentives, or even company losses. The results of the study indicate that employee productivity has a positive and significant effect on income, with a T-value of 7.079 (T-value 7.079 > T-table 2.015) and a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05, meaning that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. Operational costs also have a significant impact on income, with a T-value of 3.976 (T-value 3.976 > T-table 2.015) and a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05, again leading to the acceptance of Ha and rejection of H0. Furthermore, the combined effect of productivity and operational costs yields an F-value of 34.852 > 4.74 with a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. These findings demonstrate that both employee productivity and operational costs positively and significantly influence income growth at PT. Intan National Iron Industry Medan.

The Effect of Profitability, Firm Size and Growth Opportunity On The Value of Manufacturing Companies Listed On The Indonesia Stock Exchange In 2017-2020

This study discusses the effect of profitability, firm size and growth opportunity on firm value in Food and Beverage Sub-Sector Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2020. Data processing in this research is using multiple regression model. The source of data in this study is secondary data obtained indirectly from data obtained from the company's annual financial report published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The sample taken in this study used a purposive sampling technique. The results of the analysis of this study indicate that the profitability (ROA) variable partially has a significant effect on firm value (PBV) with a significance (0.016 <0.05). Firm size variable partially has no effect on firm value (PBV) with a significance (0.164 > 0.05, growth opportunity variable partially has a significant effect on firm value (PBV) with a significance (0.000 < 0.05). Simultaneous f test results profitability, firm size and growth opportunity simultaneously affect firm value (significantly 0.000 < 0.05).

Managing for the future: managerial short-termism impact on corporate ESG performance in China

ESG performance measures the long-term sustainability of a company's development, whereas managerial short-termism cause companies to overly prioritize short-term profits at the expense of neglecting sustainable development. This study on Chinese listed companies from 2009 to 2021 examines the impact of managerial short-termism on corporate ESG performance. We found that managerial short-termism significantly inhibits corporate ESG performance. Furthermore, using text mining of internal and external sentiment data, our findings suggest that companies exhibiting negative sentiment in their annual reports and financial news reports are more susceptible to the detrimental impact of managerial short-termism on corporate ESG performance. In addition, the mechanism analyzes show that managerial short-termism affects corporate ESG performance by lowering R&D investment, reducing the internal ESG attention, declining investor sentiment and increasing financing constraints. The research results revealed that companies managing for the future can better reduce their risk in long-term development.

Pengaruh Employee Stock Ownership Program (ESOP), Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Umur Perusahaan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan

Optimal financial performance is crucial for the sustainability and growth of a company. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP), leverage, company size, and company age on financial performance. The population in this study includes 44 transportation entities registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2020-2022. This research utilizes additional data, specifically audited annual financial reports from 2020-2022, which are accessible through the IDX website. The purposive sampling technique was applied in the sampling process of this study, resulting in 114 data observations. Data were processed using IBM SPSS version 26 software, which was used for time series data testing and multiple linear regression analysis. This study found that ESOP has a positive impact on financial performance, company age has a negative effect on financial performance, while leverage and company size do not show a significant influence on financial performance.