Anniversary Of Birth Research Articles

Bogolepov Nikolay Nikolaevich (the 90th anniversary of birth)

Bogolepov Nikolay Nikolaevich (the 90th anniversary of birth)

Alexander Nikolaevich Konovalov (the 90th anniversary of birth)

Alexander Nikolaevich Konovalov (the 90th anniversary of birth)

Rituals in acculturation of islam and local traditions of the Bajo Tribe in Gorontalo

This study investigates the process of assimilation of Islamic practices and indigenous customs inside the ceremonies conducted by the Bajo Tribe. The rites performed by the Bajo people encompass a fusion of Islamic tenets with their indigenous beliefs, specifically centered around their reverence for the sea's sovereign. The amalgamation of these two ideologies yields a potent synergy. The Bajo people, as Muslims, fulfill the religious obligations of Islam, which includes commemorating the birth anniversary of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. In addition, the Bajo people also perform the Massoro and Bate' rituals, which are the most significant traditional ceremonies of the Bajo Tribe in Torosiaje Village. The Bajo tribe's customs are shaped by the integration and embodiment of these two ideas, which are expressed through values, norms, and laws that serve as guiding principles for their way of life. The ceremonies performed by the Bajo people stem from established traditions passed down through generations.

Individualism and Collectivism as a Subject of Social-Philosophical Analysis (Reflections on the Eve of the Scientific Conference “Individualization and Collectivism in Contemporary Russian Society”)

The Branch of Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), the Institute of Sociology of the Federal Center for Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the RAS, the RAS Institute of Philosophy, and the RAS Institute of Psychology are arranging “Individualization and Collectivism in Contemporary Russian Society” scientific conference, to be held in Moscow, April 2024. The event marks the 300th anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the 95th birth anniversary of the Russian philosopher and social theorist A.S. Akhiezer. Its primary objective is to foster the development of criteria for analyzing intersubjective relations within the act of social development. The conference’s focus on the investigation of social development is grounded in the dominants of contemporary philosophical-sociological non-classics and proposes several topics for discussion. These include the transition from the absolutization of Kant’s categorical imperative, which mandates the consideration of humans solely as the ultimate end in the system of intersubjective communication and the knowledge process, to an alternative consideration of humans as means of self-improvement and a crucial resource for social development (V.S. Bibler). It encompasses the rejection of absolutizing the function of contrasting faith and knowledge, the Self and the Other, the “own” and the “foreign,” scientific and everyday consciousness (V.A. Lectorsky, I.T. Kasavin, V.N. Porus). The interpretation of the meaning of personality shifts from concepts like cogito ergo sum, “pure Self,” “Self,” “Ego,” “Super-,” to the “ability of the Self to respond to the call of the Other,” thereby forming the smallest cell of the socio-individual as a synthesis of the social and the individual (M.M. Bakhtin, V.A. Lectorsky, R.S. Grinberg). Overcoming the established inequality of economic systems is addressed through the socio-individualism of small and medium-sized enterprises (A.S. Akhiezer, R.S. Grinberg). The conference also anticipates discussions on the following topics: How do the transfer and exchange of accumulated global knowledge from the individual to the other, and vice versa, contribute to the formation of small creative groups, serving as a communicative platform for nurturing socially oriented individuals – agents of social development? Moreover, how can dialogue be effectively constructed among participants of partnership relations who operate on differing premises (J.-P. Sartre)? The discussion is aimed at contemplating the contradictory, oxymoronic, yet dialogue and synthesis-oriented concepts of “individualization of the social,” “socially oriented individual,” and “socio-individualism.”

Suicides of elite Japanese writers: The case of Ryunosuke Akutagawa.

Background . To mark the 130th birth anniversary of Japanese writer Ryunosuke Akutagawa (1892-1927), I revisit his suicide (as recorded by his hand) in comparison to that of his junior contemporaries, who also chose a similar mode of death. Data sources . Two works of Akutagawa, namely Tenkibo (1926: Death Register) and Aru Ahono Issho (1927: The Life of a Stupid Man) in English translation of Jay Rubin were used as the main sources, in addition to published literature about his creativity. Results . In his final work, The Life of a Stupid Man, completed in the penultimate month before suicide, 7 among the 51 brief descriptions, Akutagawa had described his thoughts on illness and death, in addition to visiting his biological mother in a lunatic asylum, and studying a cadaver for his famous short story 'Rashomon'. These descriptions offer a fascinating perspective on Akutagawa's state of mind, before his suicide. Akutagawa's suicide is also compared with the suicides of five other renowned Japanese writers (Osamu Dazai, Yasunari Kawabata, Misuzu Kaneko, Yukio Mishima and Juzo Itami). Conclusion . Before his suicide, doctors offered Akutagawa various diagnoses: 'insomnia, gastric hyperacidity, gastric atony, dry pleurisy, neurasthenia, chronic conjunctivitis, brain fatigue'. Though it is uncertain, what percentage of hereditary factor(s) played a role, why the practitioners of the medical profession in 1920s Japan failed to save the life of this creative individual still remains a question.

Lev Aleksandrovich Chugaev – Founder of the Russian School of Chemistry of Complex Compounds (to the 150th Anniversary of His Birth)

Lev Aleksandrovich Chugaev – Founder of the Russian School of Chemistry of Complex Compounds (to the 150th Anniversary of His Birth)

Lev Zakharovich Morokhovets (1848–1919): Touches to the Biographical Portrait (to the 175th Anniversary of His Birth)

Lev Zakharovich Morokhovets (1848–1919): Touches to the Biographical Portrait (to the 175th Anniversary of His Birth)

To the 100th Anniversary of Birth of the Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor, Merited Scientist of the Russian Federation, Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR Alexander Alexandrovich Zhdanov (1923‒2002)

To the 100th Anniversary of Birth of the Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor, Merited Scientist of the Russian Federation, Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR Alexander Alexandrovich Zhdanov (1923‒2002)

Perceptions of the tribal population on grama Sachivalayam (Village secretariat) concept and its services in the tribal areas of Visakhapatnam: An empirical study

The Government of Andhra Pradesh historically brought a new administrative system in Andhra Pradesh on the occasion of the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi on 02-10-2029. The name of the system is grama sachivalayam in villages and ward sachivalayam in urban areas. A total of 11,158 village secretariats and 3,786 ward secretariats have been established across the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. The government of Andhra Pradesh recruited 1.26 lakhs various staff members and 2.8 lakh ward/village volunteers in Andhra Pradesh to run the ward/gram secretariat system. The main aim of the Grama/Ward Sachivalayam is to deliver the Navaratnalu and other state and central government welfare programmes/schemes to the poor and needy population of Andhra Pradesh. It is a new system established four years back. This is a descriptive study. The study applied a multistage sampling method and collected data from 136 tribal households through the structured interview schedule. The study found that the village secretariat system reached the grassroots levels, and agency areas and helped many tribal people living the below poverty line. The people in the tribal areas are fully satisfied with this village secretariat concept and village volunteer concept. They easily access the government welfare and development schemes at their doorsteps with the help of village volunteers. There is a lot of scope for professional social workers to develop a bridge between the government and villagers. Dealing the political pressure is a challenge to the sachivalayam staff in the selection and implementation of schemes.

Academician Trofimov Boris Aleksandrovich (To the 85th Anniversary of Birth)

Academician Trofimov Boris Aleksandrovich (To the 85th Anniversary of Birth)

Hepatitis B Screening Program for patients attending out-patient department (OPD) at Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka – An Observational Study

Background: Hepatitis B (HBV) is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of liver and hepatocellular carcinoma in Bangladesh. It is also the most common cause of death from liver disease in the country. The prevalence of hepatitis B is 5-6% in the general population. So the present status of the virus is considered as an important public health concern of Bangladesh. Objectives: To investigate hepatitis B prevalence among the persons attending the OPD and to increase awareness about hepatitis B. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out the at the Department of Hepatology, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka on March 17&18, 2022 at Special Treatment Campaign on the occasion of celebration of the birth anniversary of the Father of Nation, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. A total of 190 people of both sexes from 18 years to 50 years of age group were enrolled in the study. These people were unaware of whether they were carrying hepatitis B virus or also was not aware of whether they are suffering from any kind of liver disease. Informed consent was taken and a pre-designed structured questionnaire was used. Screening was done by HBsAg detection using rapid diagnostic kit. Result: The mean age of respondents was 35.95±6.42 years with a male to female ratio of 0.83. Most of the respondents were married (72.63%) and Muslim (87.37%). Among them 47.36% of the respondents were service holders. Only 17.89% had a previous history of some types of hepatitis. 25.26% of respondents had history of different types of surgical procedure. 8 (4.2%) participants were found positive for HBsAg on the screening test in our study. Conclusion: This study shows 4.2 % of participants were screening positive among the respondents. This correlate with the intermediate prevalence of hepatitis B in Bangladesh as stated in World Health Organization data. Screening program increases knowledge and awareness among the population and thereby increase treatment seeking, which ultimately reduce incidence of disease and complications as well as death. Sir Salimullah Med Coll J 2023; 31: 3-8

Max Müller in History of Linguistics: Forgotten Classics or Springboard to Future? 200th Anniversary of Birth

The study is devoted to the actualization of the ideas of the great comparative scholar of the XIXth century Max Müller (1823-1900), a contemporary of A. Schleicher, who, as is traditionally believed, worked mainly in the naturalistic trend. The authors of the study show that the achievements of M. Müller were unreasonably underestimated, calling the scientist a popularizer of science. The victory of positivism in German linguistics weakened interest in the works by M. Müller: linguistics was no longer perceived as a natural science. It is noted that the positivist approach denied the “metaphysical” typology, close in spirit to M. Müller. The authors come to the conclusion that M. Müller’s ideas and methodological attitudes survived his time into the future and sound relevant in the humanities of the XXIst century, based on the anthropological understanding of linguistic phenomena. M. Müller was one of the first scholars to distinguish between philology and linguistics, he boldly extrapolated the attitudes of comparative studies to other areas of humanitarian knowledge - mythology, religion, innovatively applied a socio-cultural approach to the analysis of language features and the study of archaic texts. The study compares M. Müller’s ideas with traditional historical observations of national comparativist- and-historical observations of Russian comparativists - F.I. Buslaev and I.I. Sreznevsky. It is emphasized that his works reveal the connection of philosophy with private sciences: linguistics, theology, cultural history. In this sense, “The Science of Language” can be regarded as an original experience of creating philological hermeneutics. It is stated that M. Müller studied the historical space of language from the point of view relevant to the modern science of comparative semasiology. The refraction of his ideas is observed in the works of modern scientists - typologists, comparativists, conceptologists: V.A. Dybo, V.V. Ivanov, V.N. Toporov, Yu.S. Stepanov. Once again, the naturalistic approach is reaching a new level of development in the XXIst century, and the comparative method - the main research tool of M. Müller and other scientists of the Schleicher era - is being actualized not only in linguistics, but also in philology, history of religion and ethnology. The dialectical approach to typological linguistics applied by M. Müller, remains in demand by the science of modern times.

«Он остался человеком глубины…» 90-летию со дня рождения В.Я. Лакшина посвящается

The article is written due to the fact that this year is the 90th anniversary of birth and 30th anniversary of death of philologist, literary historian and literary critic V.Y. Lakshin. For this reason, the article has a memorial nature. In this regard, general information is first given: education, places of work, creative interests. The influence of time on the formation of Lakshin’s personality is specially noted: this is both the Great Patriotic War and the Khrushchev Thaw. Universalism of Lakshin’s personality, which manifested itself in his creative activity, is pointed out. Information about the perception of the personality and works by contemporaries are introduced, discrepancies in their assessments are indicated, and, as far as possible, the reasons for these discrepancies are identified. The significance of his critical works is noted, which is recorded in the encyclopedic article. Special attention is paid to his works about life and works by A.N. Ostrovsky. The deep connection of the place of his birth, the profession of his parents with the future interest to the works of Ostrovsky as a theatrical figure is emphasized. It is noted that in articles and books Lakshin used previously unpublished information that he found in the archives. The author emphasizes that under the leadership of Lakshin, a 12-volume collection of playwright’s works was prepared and published, reviews of theatrical reviews are included in the comments. As a result, author of the article dwells on drama of life situation of Lakshin, who did not accept the ideologemes of perestroika and strives to preserve the foundations of the Russian mentality, typical for Ostrovsky’s plays.

1878 год в жизни И.С. Аксакова

The article is a study, based on archival sources, of the events of one year in the life of the outstanding journalist Ivan S. Aksakov, whose 200th birth anniversary is celebrated in 2023. The author’s attention has been focused on the events which occurred in 1878. A special attention is given to Aksakov’s speech delivered on June 22 in Moscow’s Slavic Society, the Chairman of which he was, about the solutions of the Berlin Congress (June 1 – July 1, 1878), which turned out to be shameful for Russia that had won victory in the war against Turkey. The historical context of the decision of Austria-Hungary and England, the countries which did not participate in the war but feared the strengthening of Russia’s influence on the Balkans, to impudently enrich themselves at the expense of Russia; an occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary and of Cyprus by England; and a partition of Bulgaria, with its southern area remaining under the power of Turkey, are analyzed. It is emphasized that Aksakov had a clear insight into the current events and could not keep silence as a Russian, since the victories in the Balkans and Turkey were gained at the cost of the Russian soldiers’ and volunteers’ blood; as a public figure who had inspired the mass-scale people’s financial aid to the Slavs (through the Slavic Society he supplied the Bulgarian Volunteers’ Corps and the Serbian Army); and also as a successor of the Slavophiles, who had always felt sympathy with the Slavs’ struggle for independence. It is stated that this Aksakov’s speech, in which he boldly called the prepared decision “an utter insult on Russia”, accused Austria-Hungary and England of an impudent attitude to the destinies of the liberated Balkan peoples and severely denounced the Russian diplomats for a lack of nationally-oriented policy, made Aksakov’s name known all over Europe, but led to his exile (till the end of 1878) and a ban imposed on the Slavic Society. Formerly unpublished excerpts from letters by both Aksakov himself and his contemporaries, in which Aksakov is featured as “not a casual man on the ways of history”, are provided.

Gaetano Salvemini: profile of a transnational intellectual

AbstractGaetano Salvemini (1873–1957) is one of the most influential intellectuals of Italian and European twentieth-century history. As 2023 marks the 150th anniversary of Salvemini's birth, this special issue of Modern Italy aims to attract the attention of an international readership and contribute to filling the gap in scholarly publications in English, offering a tool to approach Salvemini's intellectual production and biography. We have chosen to focus on four aspects of Salvemini's life that we consider particularly suitable for introducing his personal trajectory and the evolution of his thinking, adopting a transnational approach: his interpretation of the Great War and the Adriatic question; his antifascist exile in Great Britain and, from 1934, in the United States; and the publication of his most important studies on Fascist Italy. The choice of these topics aims to shed light on Salvemini's contacts and stimulating exchanges with foreign scholars, his international experiences, and how these transformed his ideas on Liberal and Fascist Italy.

The Man Behind the "Common European Home": On A.G. Kovalev's 100th Birth Anniversary

The Man Behind the "Common European Home": On A.G. Kovalev's 100th Birth Anniversary

COMMEMORATING THE 40TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OF HOWARD GARDNER’S THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES VIA RESEARCH OF HIS APPROACH ON DIFFERENT LEVELS OF EDUCATION SYSTEMS IN THE CARPATHIAN BASIN

Individual and social well-being is a priority of the OECD 2030 Learning Compass aiming at contributing to generally more livable societies. One of the thought leaders of this international professional innitiative and guidelines is Howard Gardner, the father of the theory of multiple intelligences (MI). This approach implies that human intelligence should be differentiated into modalities, rather than be accepted as a general ability. The present publication aims at commemorating the 40th birth anniversary of MI theory, illustrating different ways of its possible educational implications in the Carpathian Basin, that have been carried out in the past fifteen years by a team of researchers lead by Dezső and attached to the doctoral school in education sciences at the Faculty of Hunmanities and Social Sciences of the University of Pecs, Hungary. The teams’ professional results contain edited compilations of lesson plans, and thematic projects using Gardner’s theory, testbook analysis from adequate aspects, and relevant research on coopretion between pre-service teacher education and schools with socially disadvantaged pupils. One of the most longitudinal researches of the field is Schmidt’s development focusing on pre-scool education. Her work is built on one of the US «Project Zero» Project Spectrum methods, and is called EIDW (Everybody is Intelligent in Different Ways). Schmidt adopted games and activities in different locations in the Carpathian Basin and observed different children’s intelligence profiles as well as those of their educators’. Abraham and Kolip’s researches are in their emerging stage. Whereas Abraham has investigated possible manifestations of inter-, and intrapersonal intelligences in a Vojvodinan kindergarten, as part of MI, aiming at illustrating how socialization in the education system affects these components of children’s personalities, Kolip has focused on even younger children and their educators concerning these areas in a South-Transdanubian village nursery. Although the participants of the research team have issued their findings several times, this is the first publication their work is presented as a common achievement. Keywords: the theory of multiple intelligences, individual and social well-being, educational development, professional cooperation.

Academician Anatolii Fedorovich Sidorov (On the 90th Anniversary of His Birth)

Academician Anatolii Fedorovich Sidorov (On the 90th Anniversary of His Birth)

Nikolai Vladimirovich Pleshkov — an undeservedly forgotten Crimean doctor (on the 200th anniversary of his birth)

2023 will mark the 200th anniversary of birth of Nikolai Vladimirovich Pleshkov, who made a significant contribution to the development of the medical traditions of Taurida gubernia. There are no report devoted to his life in modern scientific literature. This article is based on the work with archival collections and pre-revolutionary literary sources. A former orphan, Pleshkov was able to receive a decent education due to his outstanding education, learned several foreign languages, and was well versed in local history, science, culture, literature, philosophy and religion; he was the author of many reports on religious and philosophical topics. In addition, he was actively involved in public life of Simferopol. He was one of the co-founders and for many years — chairman of Simferopol Doctors’ Society. During the Crimea war, the doctor worked under 
 N.I. Pirogov. Among other things, Pleshkov is an author of the first Russian translation of Pascal’s work “Pensees”. Nowadays the former hospital building where N.V. Pleshkov worked houses the chair of Human Anatomy 
 of the Institute “Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky”. The facts of his biography, reconstructed 
 in this article, allow not only to take a new look at the history of the development of health care in Taurida gubernia in the XIX century, but also to form the sense of continuity of passion among medical students.

Domestic – Foreign – Intercultural: Pragmatics of Translation (On the Material of the Texts Devoted to S. Diaghilev’s Artworks)

The article deals with the linguistic representation of the linguoculturological triad "domestic – foreign – intercultural" as part of the theory of reflective and translation turns developed by D. Bachmann-Medick. Globalization has transformed the principle of binary categorization and mapped out the possibility of their synthesis and formation of a third space of communication. The purpose of the study is to analyze and describe translation strategies and techniques used for the transfer of intercultural meanings that create a third space in the perception of the global recipientt, where neither basic, nor adaptive culture markers are preserved. The empirical basis of the study is represented with the original and translated texts of international artistic festivals, memoirs of Russian and foreign artists, as well as the verbal content of news online platforms dedicated to the 150 th birth anniversary of S.P. Diaghilev. As a result of the analysis, three key strategies for the translation of linguistic-and-cultural units have been identified: domestication, foreignization and intercultural mediation. They are interchangeably used in the process of translating the Russian texts under consideration. However, owing to the communicative task of original texts – to convey the specifics of Russian culture and include national art in the world cultural fund, the strategy of intercultural mediation is the most frequently used one. This strategy is implemented through the use of Gallicisms in translated English and German texts, international vocabulary, and elimination of national and cultural specifics. It has been shown that a translator's individual style is imposed on the systemic and cultural specifics of natural languages.