This paper aims to discuss the role of forensic veterinary medicine with emphases on the well-being of dairy cattle. The overall awareness grows on dairy cattle management and treating during the production life. Animal welfare is the biggest challenge to reach productive systems. Cases of suspected cruelty, abuse or neglect of animals confront professionals and their teams with ethical dilemmas, which involve economic, managerial and legal concerns. Every day the media often reveals information about how production animals are treated. Given this situation there was great interest of consumers in general about products from animals raised under a humanized management mode. In this context, forensic veterinary medicine emerges as a science based scientifically on crime, ethics, law and welfare of production animals. Not only a specialty, forensic veterinary medicine has been bringing a new scenario, exercising a multidisciplinary vision and subsidizing a new paradigm in the animal production chain. The description of this article made clear a new vision of the system of exploitation of dairy cattle where the relation of everyday attitudes that taken account the behavioral, physiological, reproductive and health must be considered, enclose ethics, respect and compassion, to favor of the balance between production and animal welfare.