Anic Principles Research Articles

Women in the Public Sphere: Gender Equality in Islamic Theology

This article aims to analyze the equal role of women in the public sphere in terms of Islamic theology. Discrimination against women due to race, nationality, or religion is a topic that is often discussed today. Looking at the position of women in various religious traditions can help find solutions to problems such as discrimination against women. Furthermore, this discrimination causes women to have limitations in the public sphere, thus suppressing women's productivity. This research aims to explain how the Qur'an can be interpreted to provide a more equitable theology of gender roles within the Islamic framework. The research strategy combines a qualitative descriptive approach with a literature review. Research questions were guided by Qur'anic verses and answered using literature sources, including books, scholarly journals, and the most popular online databases. The findings of this study show that the Qur'ān does not support discrimination based on gender. Regarding receiving a broad message, both men and women are given equal weight in the Qur'ānic framework. There are too many possible interpretations of the term "gender equality" to make any concrete conclusions. The solution to all the world's problems can be found in the Qur'ānic literature, which promotes gender equality through balance, fairness, and proportion. The Qur'an uses existing arguments to describe the importance of women's role in the public sphere, both as Servants and Caliphs. The role of women in the public sphere is different from that of men, but in terms of calculation, the portion assigned to women and men is relatively balanced. The idea that Islam is a religion of sexism is also not supported by the language and literature of the Qur'an. The author argues that the Qur'anic principles of gender equality can be applied to modern efforts to eliminate derogatory stereotypes.

FILANTROPI MENURUT PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN: ANALISIS DALAM MENYIKAPI PERMASALAHAN KESENJANGAN EKONOMI UMAT

Philanthropy is a voluntary behavior that aims to benefit the community, whether done independently or institutionally. However, even so, philanthropy that comes with its new transformation from classical to modern (social purposes) which is able to have a positive impact on the economic gap of the people, there is a need to revitalize the meaning of philanthropy not just karitas, which actually must be the basis for the attitude of behavior of all kinds of philanthropic activities, namely presenting philanthropy based on the Qur'anic perspective. Therefore, this study aims to explore the concept of philanthropy in the Qur'anic perspective in addressing the problem of people's economic disparities. The method used is a qualitative research method using library research. The results of this study indicate that philanthropy in the Qur'anic perspective can be used as a reference in addressing all aspects of life, one of which is the problem of economic inequality. The Qur'an has a significant role in the development of Islam and human civilization. The configuration of Qur'an-based philanthropy is through zakat, infaq, sadaqah and waqf which are seen as charitable movements that provide support to help others fairly (sportive), which are able to empower in the long term. Thus, if this philanthropy is implemented properly according to Qur'anic principles, it will reduce the economic gap between the rich and the poor and create a balance in the living standards of a prosperous society.

The staging of Islam and The Alcoran of Mahomet in Charles Saunders’s Tamerlane the Great and the Restoration politics

ABSTRACT Charles Saunders’s Tamerlane the Great (1681) appropriates Islam and the Qur’an, first translated into English as The Alcoran of Mahomet in 1649, to attack the influence of the Earl of Shaftesbury (1621–1683) on the Duke of Monmouth, the eldest Protestant son of Charles II. Saunders’s play dramatises two models of royal sons from the Tories’ perspective: Firstly, the loyal Arsanes, who represents the Tories’ idealised expectation of Monmouth to be an obedient son. Secondly, the illegitimate Mandricard, who envisions the Tories’ damnation of Monmouth as a slave to Shaftesbury. While Saunders’s play warns allegorically against the radical Protestants’ association with, what Garcia calls, ‘Islamic republicanism’, it advocates ‘Islamic royalism’ as a Qur’anic principle of the divinity of monarchs that appealed to the Tories. Saunders’s play ends with a reconciliation between Tamerlane/Charles II and his son Arsane/Monmouth, staging simultaneously the defeat of Bajaset and the Turks/radical Protestants.

A Critical Examination of the Philosophical Foundations of Oaths in the Holy Qur'an: Implications for Islamic Ethics and Jurisprudence

The current study critically investigates the philosophical foundations of Oaths in the context of Qur’anic principles. It also explores the implications for the Islamic ethics and jurisprudence in the light of the thoughts of Muslims scholars. It aims to critically examine the relevance of oaths in the holy Qur’an with jurisprudence and ethics. Oaths means to establish truthful statements to demonstrate sincerity and honesty. This is considered the significant component of Islam. The study explores the ontological and epistemological foundations of oaths linking it with truth and knowledge. The study also covers the ethical foundations of oaths and it emphasises that oaths focuses on dependability and accountability for the people. The aim of this research is to highlight the Quranic way of addressing which seems totally natural because the similar way of addressing has been remained in human history. The basic question was emerged that if the Quranic way of addressing to its audiences has been logical, so it was the reason to work on this topic. The topic holds a lot of significance because it is related to the moral values like trust, and honesty, thus, it highlights the significance of Islamic teachings.

Analisis Pemahaman Masyarakat Terhadap Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) Setelah Merger


 Many factors prevent Muslims from accessing Islamic banking or banking that adheres to Qur'anic principles including a lack of university research, support from Islamic organizations and public knowledge of the practice. One of these factors is the fact that most people are not aware of Islamic banking, which prevents them from seeking out this financial institution. Moreover, most people have no knowledge of sharia law also known as Islamic finance although it is practiced by many banks around the world. This study explores public opinion about the existence of Islamic banks in Indonesia and their investment choices. It also investigates future investment prospects and Islamic banking products. This study uses qualitative data analysis methods derived through inductive and deductive methods. Furthermore, participants were found to have substantial knowledge about Islamic banks in Makassar. People are attracted to Islamic banks because they are implemented according to sharia principles. Many respondents stated that one of the reasons they like Islamic banking is because it is safer and more secure. Other reasons include avoiding usury and feeling proud to be a Muslim which some consider an advantage from an Islamic perspective.
 Keywords: Sharia, Sharia Bankin, Understanding

The influence of qira’at on war law regulations

Islam is primarily the religion of peace, it promotes love and obedience to the Supreme Lord, and then love and respect towards His creatures, and particularly humans as the most eminent creatures. Allah, the Exalted, vehemently condemns unlawful taking of other being’s life. Moreover, the Qur’an rejects the excessive use of force in retaliating against violence: If you want to retaliate against injustice, then let it be equivalent to what you have suffered. But if you patiently endure, it is certainly better for you (An Nahl, 26). The Qur’anic principle of reciprocal force and defense will be applied in international humanitarian and war law as the principle of the proportionate use of force in defense. The defense of the attacked can be only proportional to the attack, but never such that it presents a new attack. Fighting and hostility towards non-believers at the Ka’ba are strictly forbidden except in the case of necessary defense. This paper deals with well-known Islamic scholars’ legal comments on war law regulations, but only from the Qira’at perspective, how and to what extent Islamic scholars relied on Qira’at while establishing, performing and presenting Shariah norms, starting from the fact that legal discrepancies partly arise from different Qira’at as well as from various morphological, grammatical and stylistic analyses. The paper comprises the following subchapters: Introduction, Islam is the religion of peace, Permission to fight in Islam, Prohibition of fighting at the Masjid’l-Haram, and the Prohibition of access to the Masjid’l-Haram. Keywords: the Qur’an, hadith, Islam, Qira’at, regulation, war, attack, law, religion, peace, fighting, Masjid’l-Haram.

THERE SHOULD BE GENDER EQUALITY AT THE BEGINNING OF HUMAN EXISTENCE: A CRITICAL LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF CHAPTER ONE OF WADUD’S QUR’AN AND WOMAN (1992)

Scripture plays a central role in the Islamic version of feminism. Feminists believe that the preferential position of the male within Muslim societies is due to traditional convictions informed by a specific, mostly literal reading of Qur’anic texts. They therefore insist on an alternative exegetical approach, which (according to them) would reveal clear tendencies towards gender equality. In this study Amina Wadud’s perspectives featuring in Qur’an and Woman (1992) are analysed per chapter, subdivisions, and subsections, firstly in general and secondly from a fourfold viewpoint, focusing respectively on [1] the overall structure of the book and chapters, [2] the utilization of scripture (e.g., hermeneutic approach), [3] interaction with others (overtly and covertly), and finally on [4] perspectives pertaining to Wadud as person. Results obtained from the focus on the above selected features are revealing. [1] Chapters are, for example, independently structured, selectively choosing themes and material with clear gender objectives. [2] Selection and use of scripture is subservient to gender orientated presuppositions, with textual strategy favouring the interpretation of expressions in the light of general Qur’anic principles. [3] During the course of her argumentation, overtly mentioned sources are nearly exclusively used in support of her gender-equality convictions, while covertly mentioned sources reflect views counter to her own. Attention will be given to chapter one (“Creation of Humankind” of Qur’an and Woman (1992) separately, followed by a Final Reflection providing an overall and comparative view of the said two chapters.

Challenges and Strategies for Women's Social Empowerment in the Qur'an and Narrations

Identify the challenges and obstacles to women's social empowerment in relation to the creation and purpose of women's creation, from the perspective of the Holy Quran and Islamic traditions; The purpose of this article is. The main issue is the importance of women's empowerment in development programs and the implementation of these projects in the cities and villages of Islamic Iran according to Western principles and independent of Islamic principles. While it is possible to provide solutions for the social empowerment of women in accordance with the creation of a new Islamic civilization from Islamic sources. Muslim scholars differ on the obligatory ruling on women's social activity, which after examining the Qur'anic principles and narration, the need for women's social participation and the need for women's social empowerment in the Islamic society seems more correct. Research using qualitative content analysis has addressed the problems of women in the individual, family and social dimensions of women for social participation in Islamic sources. These problems, including weakness of belief and personality or lack of explanation of family rights and duties or mixing in society, have been identified in Islamic texts. The Holy Quran and Islamic traditions have stated the strategies of women's social empowerment in the form of explaining the duty and worship of God, presenting desirable female role models in social participation, determining the conditions of women's presence, highlighting priorities, and so on.

A Study of Various Woman-Centered Readings of the Qur’an in Contemporary Times

The Qur’an interpretation methods have always changed and modified throughout history. Textualism is the most accepted approach among traditional exegetes, and proponents of this approach mainly analyze the linguistics of the Qur’an to discover its meaning, which is often assumed to be fixed and unchanging. Unlike textualists, the contextualists in the interpretation of the Qur’an are mostly Muslim reformists who believe that the interpretation of the text of the Qur’an should be based on information about the social and cultural conditions at the time of the revelation of the Qur’an. In other words, contextual scholars have not only resorted to linguistic analysis to understand the meaning of the Qur’an, but have resorted to various approaches. In the present study, after examining the emergence of a woman-centered approach in the interpretation of the Qur’an, the culmination of a woman-centered approach in the interpretation of the Qur’an is focused and 3 types of feminine readings of Qur’anic verses were introduced as historical contextualization, extraction of general Qur’anic principles and feminist hermeneutics.

Conciliation and Conflict in the Meccan and Medinan Qur'an: A Thematic Study of Suras 6 to 9

Despite its important social implications, the subject of conciliation in the Qur'an remains an under-researched field of study. This article focuses on the relationship between conciliation and conflict in Suras 6 to 9, a section of the muṣḥaf in which two Meccan suras are followed by two Medinan suras. In assessing the importance of conciliation in the Qur'an, this article considers its pervasiveness, manifestations, emphasis, and coherent thematic development. The analysis utilises two influential commentaries, the premodern Arabic exegesis by al-Rāzī (d. 606/1209) and the contemporary Urdu exegesis by Iṣlāḥī (d. 1997) which, taken together, provide complementary linguistic and structural insight. I will argue that conciliation is emphasised firstly in the Meccan component through the exemplars of prophetic restraint and divine mercy, and the central notion of iṣlāḥ. Iṣlāḥ forms the central axis around which equilibrium is maintained in the divine world order, a process of divine education in the form of revelation and prophetic instruction, which prevents and contains disputes. Secondly, Medinan injunctions highlight the importance of unity and the sanctity of maintaining peace treaties, thereby supporting the Qur'anic principle of non-compulsion in faith. In the course of analysis it becomes clear that, even during conflict (which is subject to extensive restrictions), conciliation remains of paramount importance.

Al-Ghazali’s Aims and Objectives of Islamic Education

The Constitution of Pakistan, 1973 and our various educational policies have given clear direction on aims of our education system, which should be based on Islamic principles. However, since independence, Pakistan is still unable to devise a system of education the aims of which are derived from Qur’an and Sunnah as mandated by the constitution. As such a dire need is felt to understand the aims and objectives education from our ideological perspective. It has been generally agreed that Al-Ghazali’s thoughts comply with the Qur’anic principles, he is well accepted by vast strata of Muslims in Pakistan and appreciated by west as well. Accordingly, this qualitative study explored educational aims and objectives from Al-Ghazali’s thoughts and philosophy, using content analysis of various writings of and on Al-Ghazali. Based on this research, we can conclude that aim of Islamic education should be associated with the aim of a person’s life. The aim of a Muslim’s life is the success in the life hereafter. Based on this fundamental assumption and guideline provided by Al-Ghazali, we can develop aims and objectives of Islamic education as directed in the Constitution of Pakistan, 1973. Keywords: Al-Ghazali, educational philosophy, Islamic education, objectives of Islamic education.

Woman’s Share in Inheritance Islamic Teachings, State Law and Contemporary Pashtun Traditions in District Bannu and Lakki Marwat.

The woman was once considered a commodity and property of her male partner that was to be used for satisfying physical needs and procreation. There was no concept of woman rights in its ideal sense for many centuries in east and the west. Though socialists and historians claim that woman was once head of the family in the agricultural age due to certain factors of that age, the plight of women throughout various phases of history is pityful. It was when Islam came that the just rights for women were granted to them keeping in view their innate capabilities and requirement. The Islamic law of inheritance is one of such rights that accommodate and preserve economic needs of a woman in view of her rights and responsibilities as a mother, sister, daughter, and wife. Muslim states in the current age have also legislated and enforced certain laws in accordance with these Qur’anic principles. Contemporary Pashtun society, mainly a male-dominant society, indicates quite an opposite approach towards woman’s share in inheritance, however. An attempt has been made in this paper to study and explore the context, factors, and impacts of the Pashtun social traditions regarding women’s share in inheritance and explain the teachings of Islam based on rationality and divine wisdom and highlight the State Law in this respect as well.

Institutionalizing Community-Based Research in Indonesian Islamic Higher Education: Two Cases from the Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya and Alauddin State Islamic University Makassar

The article presents a reflective experience on the institutionalization of community-based research in Indonesian Islamic Higher Education. It comprises two case studies from two different universities, the Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya and the Alauddin State Islamic University Makassar. Both are the two selected partners within the Supporting Islamic Leadership in Indonesia (SILE)/Local Leadership Development (LLD) Project in partnership between Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs and Canadian International Development Agency. The project introduces community-based research as an approach to engage community through Tridharma (Three mandates) of Higher Education. The institutionalization covers various activities from raising awareness, building capacity, to developing institutional policy at a national level. The cases show that the different socio-historical context and political dynamic of each campuses influence the process, challenge and response to the institutionalization. However, both campuses share similar reasons for adopting community-based research from the Islamic perspective, namely that using research as a means of promoting social change is consistent with the Qur’anic principles and the Prophetic tradition.

Kamali, Mohammad, Hashim: The Middle Path of Moderation in Islam - The Qur'anic Principle of Wasatiyyah

This work comes from the pen of a mature, seasoned and prolific writer of contemporary Islamic Thought and Practice. With a core specialization in Islamic Law and Jurisprudence, Professor Hashim Kamali always exudes wisdom hat capable of stimulating the mind. In our contemporary era of chaos, where Islamic Religious Thought has been held to ransom by individuals and groups, both State and Non-State actors parading themselves as the spokespersons for the faith community, this book is opportune. It is a welcome relief to explore one of the core principles of Islamic Thought, one that is often only paid lip service. In the blurb on the back cover, many eminent scholars from around the globe voice their appreciation of the excellent critical scholarship Kamali always brings to bear on his writings.

Tafsir Kontemporer: Metodologi, Paradigma dan Standar Validitasnya

Feminist exegesis (tafsir) is a unique genre emerges in contemporary era when gender issue become a global concern. The paradigm of this tafsir started from the asumpsion that the Qur’anic principle of male-female relationship should be based on justice (al-‘adalah), equality (al-musawah), appropriateness (al-ma’ruf), and conssensus (syura). Thus, any exegesis produced in classical period which violate all those principles are considered unacceptable, especially in relation to the current situation which differ from that of previous time. Feminist tafsir employs gender analisys as a tool to differentiate between God given condition that is unchangeable to gender as social construction that is changeable. In addition, hermeneutics is considered an appropriate approach chosen in feminist tafsir along with thematic method to interprete verses about gender relation in the Qur’an. With this methodology, its aim is to produce tafsir with more intersubjective and critical insight related to gender relation.

Is Islam an Obstacle to Progress in the Modern World?

Said Nursi (1887-1960) is one of the most influential contemporary Islamic scholars who observed the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, colonisation of the Muslim World by Europe, and implementation of a very strict secular system in Turkey. Most Muslim scholars blame the Western world for the decline of Islamic civilisation and colonisation, while pro-Western intellectuals in the Muslim world attribute the decline to religion and see progress in complete Westernisation. Nursi held a critical view of both camps and saw the causes of decline within the Muslims. Nursi argues, in this modern age, striving for progress in this life, whether economic, scientific, social or physical, through Qur’anic principles is like i’layi kelimetullah, or exalting God’s name, and a fundamental duty for every believer. As opposed to a holistic adoption of the West or uncritically clinging to classical tradition, Nursi proposes to stay true to Islamic ideas and principles, and identifies areas Muslims need to change in themselves and in the way they interpret Islam while critically evaluating the West and taking from it what is universal and beneficial. This article first examines Nursi’s philosophy on the development and progress of the Muslim world in his historical setting. Second, it analyses the causes of backwardness from Nursi’s perspective.

Book Launch : The Middle Path of Moderation in Islam : The Quranic Principle of Wasatiyyah ( IAIS Malaysia , 23 November 2015 )

On 23 November 2015, IAIS Malaysia, in collaboration with the Global Movement of Moderates Foundation (GMMF), co-organised a Book Launch Ceremony officiated by His Royal Highness, Sultan of Perak Darul Ridzuan, Sultan Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Azlan Muhibuddin Shah. The event was attended by a total of 100 guests, including Tun Abdullah Haji Ahmad Badawi, the Chairman of IAIS Malaysia, Associate Professor Dr Mohamed Azam Mohamed Adil, Deputy CEO of IAIS Malaysia, Tn. Hj. Nasharudin Mat Isa, CEO of the Global Movement of Moderates Foundation (GMMF), as well as the Ambassadors of France and Indonesia. The book, entitled ‘ The Middle Path of Moderation in Islam: The Qur’anic Principles of Wasatiyyah ’, is by Professor Dr Mohammad Hashim Kamali, the founding CEO of IAIS Malaysia, a world-renowned scholar in his field of specialisation. In his book, Professor Dr Mohammad Hashim Kamali examines the concept of wasatiyyah , or moderation, arguing that scholars, religious communities, and policy circles alike must access this governing principle, as that which drives the silent majority of Muslims. Kamali explores wasatiyyah in historical/conceptual terms as well as in contemporary/ practical terms.

MERITOKRASI PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN

Abstract : Meritocracy is considered as a balance political system between the two aristocracy and plutocracy. Dispute it’s weaknesses, meritocracy can become solution for political chaos in our country. Al-Qur’an also talks about principles of meritocracy. This article is written to elaborate these principles through interpretation on al-Nu > r, 24: 55; al-Isra > ’, 17: 84 and al-Tawbah, 9: 128. It is concluded that al-Qur’an agrees with the basic idea of meritocracy, it is to give an authority or to commend or to praise some one based on his or her achievements. Some of Qur’anic principles of meritocracy are: (1) capability, (2) morality, (3) professionality, (4) careness and responsibility toward duties. Keywords : Meritokrasi, al-Qur’an, Profesionalisme dan Etika Politik

The middle path of moderation in Islam: the Qur'anic principle of wasatiyyah

The middle path of moderation in Islam: the Qur'anic principle of wasatiyyah

Pengembangan Human Relation Perspektif Nilai-nilai al-Qur’an

Not least the manager (leader) who failed to carry out its duties and functions. This is largely due to the lack of attention to the human relations aspect in building a spirit of togetherness as one of the most dominant factor in the success of management. Since the beginning of its creation, mankind has been designed as a creature who can not live alone. Therefore, one man inevitably need to Communicate and Interact with other human beings. This study intends to examine the conceptual meaning of human relations and the urgency with psychological and sociological approach in the perspective of the values of the Koran, Because The Qur’anic principle is to guide human life. The shift in the orientation of this communication is Inseparable from the human relations that is increasingly widespread and seamless, everyone can relate to anyone who desired, Including Westerners and their world. The existence of two human relationships that must be Followed by two cultures is then led to the change tendency of the relations between the two models