Andrographis Paniculata Leaf Extract Research Articles

Andrographis paniculata Leaves Extract Alleviates UVB-Induced HaCaT Cells Through Suppressing Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Activation

Objectives Andrographis paniculata leaves have been widely used in traditional medicine due to their rich content of phenolic compounds. We sought to figure out the skin beneficial effects of Andrographis paniculata leaves extract. Methods In this study, we evaluated the total phenolic and flavonoid content of Andrographis paniculata leaf extracts (ALE), as well as its antioxidant activities against diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ABTS, and hydrogen peroxide radicals. Additionally, we conducted cell viability assays, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction , and western blot analysis to investigate the biochemical effects of ALE on UVB-induced HaCaT cells. Results Our results revealed that ALE exhibited a high concentration of polyphenols and flavonoids, which were associated with potent abiotic antioxidant properties. Furthermore, ALE treatment effectively abrogated the damage caused by UVB radiation on key molecules such as hyaluronan synthase 1, aquaporin 3, and loricrin in HaCaT cells. ALE also demonstrated the ability to reduce the overactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β in UVB-induced HaCaT cells. Additionally, ALE positively influenced the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in these cells. Conclusion Overall, our findings highlight the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ALE, as well as its significant role in modulating skin barrier functions. These results contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of ALE in skincare and dermatological applications.

Fluorescence 'turn-off-on' assays for neomycin sulphate and K+ ions with orange-red fluorescent molybdenum nanoclusters.

Fluorescent metal nanoclusters (MNCs) have found extensive application in recognizing molecular species. Here, orange-red fluorescent Arg-A. paniculata-MoNCs were synthesized using Andrographis paniculata leaf extract, arginine as a ligand, and MoCl5 as a metal precursor. The Arg-A. paniculata-MoNCs complex exhibited a quantum yield (QY) of 16.91% and excitation/emission wavelengths of 400/665 nm. The synthesized Arg-A. paniculata-MoNCs successfully acted as a probe for assaying neomycin sulphate (NS) via fluorescence turn-off and K+ ions via fluorescence turn-on mechanisms, respectively. Moreover, the developed probe was effectively used to develop a cellulose paper strip-based sensor for detection of NS and K+ ions. Arg-A. paniculata-MoNCs demonstrated great potential for sensing NS and K+ ions, with concentration ranges of 0.1-80 and 0.25-110 μM for NS and K+ ions, respectively. The as-synthesized Arg-A. paniculata-MoNCs efficiently detected NS and K+ ions in food and biofluid samples, respectively.

Effects of Andrographis paniculata Leaf Extract on C-Reactive Protein and Serum Ferritin in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sepsis Model Rat

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin are acute-phase reactants that have demonstrated association with the severity of a variety of inflammation-mediated illnesses, including infection and sepsis. Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) leaf is traditionally used as an anti-inflammation and anti-bacterial herb. Sambiloto leaf extract possesses anti-inflammatory, antiallergenic, immuno-stimulatory, antiviral, and antioxidant activitiesObjective: To evaluate the effect of Sambiloto leaf extract (Andrographis paniculata) on inflammation biomarker (CRP and serum ferritin) in a rat model of sepsis-induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Methods: This research was a true experimental study with a post-test-only control group design. Twenty five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups consisting of a healthy control (HC), Negative control (NC), Treatment 1 (T1) Sambiloto 200mg/kgBW, T2 Sambiloto 400mg/kgBW, T3 Sambiloto 500mg/kgBW). Sambiloto leaf extract was given on days 8-21 and LPS 5mg/kgBW was injected intraperitoneal on day 22. On the 25th day, blood was drawn and CRP and serum ferritin levels were analyzed using ELISA method. The data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test.Results: The mean CRP levels of HC, NC, T1, T2,T3 were 7.72 ± 2.53; 8.12 ± 1.08; 5.22 ± 1.71; 6.40 ± 1.19; 5.14 ± 1.37 ng/dl respectively. The mean serum ferritin level of HC, NC, T1, T2, T3 were 293.60 ± 66.53; 601.20 ± 100.17; 433.40 ± 194.65; 331.60 ± 75.97; 318.00 ± 69.64 ng/dl respectively. There were differences in CRP levels in groups T1(p=0.012) and T3(p=0.010), serum ferritin levels in groups T2(p=0.014) and T3(p=0.008) to the control group.Conclusion: Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract has anti-inflammatory effects in the rat model of sepsis.

Renoprotective Effect Of Sambiloto (Andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract On Lipopolysaccharide – Induced Septic Rats

Background: Associated with sepsis is the illness known as acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI may be mediated by uric acid, and blood creatinine levels can be utilized to diagnose the condition to measure kidney function. Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) is a traditional medicine that has flavonoid compounds that can reduce creatinine levels and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors which can reduce uric acid levels.Objective: Septic model rats generated by lipopolysaccharide were used to test the effects of sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract on serum creatinine and uric acid levels (LPS).Methods: This study was experimental employing 25 rats split into 5 groups as the post-test alone control group: healthy control with standard feed (HC), negative control with LPS injection(NC), Treatment (T)1 (A.Paniculata 200 mg/kgBW+LPS), T2(A.paniculata 400 mg/kgBW+LPS), and T3(A.paniculata 500mg/kgBW+ LPS). A.paniculata leaf extract was given via oral gavage on day 8-21. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS 5 mg/kgBW was given on day 22. On the 25th day, the blood serum was analyzed for creatinine levels using Jaffe method and uric acid was analyzed using the enzymatic photometric method. One-way analysis of variance (Kruskal-Wallis) and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to evaluate the data.Results: The mean creatinine levels of HC,NC,T1,T2,T3 were 0.7±0.01;3.5±0.04;2.9±0.03;1.9±0.05; 1.3 ±0.04 mg/dl respectively. The mean uric acid levels of HC.NC.T1.T2.T3 were 1.7±0.05;8.2±0.11; 4.5±0.03;4.0±0.12;3.0±0.19 mg/dl respectively. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in creatinine levels in groups T2(p=0.031) and T3(p=0.001) to NC group and serum uric acid levels in groups T1(p<0.001), T2(p<0.001), and T3(p<0.001) to NC group which creatinine and uric acid levels were lower than NC group.Conclusion: Andrographis paniculata leaf extract has renoprotective effect against AKI in LPS-induced septic ratsKeywords: Andrographis paniculata, creatinine, uric acid, lipopolysaccharide, AKI, sepsis

Structurally natural chitosan films decorated with Andrographis paniculata extract and selenium nanoparticles: Properties and strawberry preservation

In this study, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized using Annona glabra leaf extract as a reducing agent. In addition, the solution-casting method was employed to prepare the food preservation film from the chitosan-Andrographis paniculata extract-selenium nanoparticles (CS-APE-Se). The effects of SeNPs with different contents (equivalent to 1, 2, 3, and 4% of chitosan mass) on fundamental properties and bioactivities of the films were also tested. According to the results, the prepared films possess good biodegradability after 30 days of burial. Besides, the antioxidant activity of the material was also investigated via free radical scavenging toward 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), which showed the inhibition rate up to 45 and 82%, respectively. Additionally, the antibacterial performance of the films was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which indicated the highest antibacterial capacity with the inhibition diameter of 18.1 ± 0.03 and 19.25 ± 0.01 mm, respectively. Furthermore, the coating of the CS-APE-Se films also effectively prevented physical damage and prolonged the shelf life of the strawberries by up to 10 days. The aforementioned results demonstrated the potential for applying chitosan (CS) film in combination with Andrographis paniculata leaf extract and SeNPs as a secure alternative to the harmful chemicals currently used in food preservation.

Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial efficiency of gold (Au) nanoparticles formulated by green approach using Andrographis paniculata leaf extract

Gold (Au) nanoparticles have flourished a promise for solicitations in biology due to their processability and high performance in the release of therapeutics. The use of leaf substances in the fundamental biosynthesis and manufacturing of nano-phytomedicine is the cooperative effort between plant science and nanotechnology, yielding a green nanostructured material. This study aims to synthesize AuNPs using the extract taken from Andrographis paniculata leaves and to evaluate its efficacy against MCF7 cells and chosen human pathogens. AP-AuNPs were studied with UV, FTIR, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, SEM and TEM (scanning and transmission electron microscopy). At 533 nm, a peak of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) was identified using UV–Visible spectra of AuNPs. The XRD diffraction peaks indicated the crystalline nature of gold nanoparticles. The spherical shape was demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering using Particle Size Analyzer measurements revealed a mean particle size of 40 ± 18.6 nm. The research concluded that using gold nanoparticles derived from herbs is contingent on safe dosage and precise formulation, as stated in ancient literature. MCF7 human breast cancer cells have been used to evaluate the anti-proliferative activity of AuNP. The findings of an oncology investigation revealed that treating cancerous cells using AuNPs drastically diminished the viability of cells. The anti-microbial properties in the primordial herbal-based metal nanoparticles confess the conventional healthcare practice as a progressive approach for contemporary conditions. Based on the investigation, the study inferred that AP-AuNPs are therapeutic in combating human pathogens.

Degradation of Toxic Dye and Antimicrobial and Free Radical Potential of Environmental Benign Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles.

Several industries have become major contributors to waterbody contamination due to the improper removal of dyes and effluents into water bodies. Due to their carcinogenic properties and low biodegradability, dye degradation is a considerable danger to people, animals, and the oceanic environment. As part of this study, Andrographis paniculata leaf extract was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent to synthesize zinc nanoparticles and degrade dyes such as methyl red and eosin. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) showed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 430 nm in the UV spectrum. The FTIR result showed a band at 597.93 cm−1 that confirmed the formation of zinc nanoparticles. AFM results revealed spherical ZnONPs. The SEM results predicted an average particle size of 60 nm for crystalline particles. Biologically synthesized zinc nanoparticles exhibited greater antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus spp. but lesser activity against Klebsiella spp. and S. aureus. At 1000 μg/ml concentration, ZnONPs had the highest antioxidant activity of 45.34%. An ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer measured dye degradation progress between 300 and 800 nm. For methyl red, the maximum absorption peak was measured at 415 nm, and for eosin, the maximum peak value was measured between 500 and 515 nm.

Biochemical Investigation of Wistar Albino Rats Orally Exposed to Bonny Light Crude Oil and Andrographis paniculata Leaf Extract

Biochemical Investigation of Wistar Albino Rats Orally Exposed to Bonny Light Crude Oil and Andrographis paniculata Leaf Extract

Melanogenesis inhibition effect of ethanolic Andrographis paniculata leaf extract via suppression of tyrosinase and MITF expression

Synthesis of dialkylaminoaryl phosphonate bioisosteres of tyrosine and tyramine: a novel application of allene phosphonate chemistry for the synthesis of false substrates of tyrosinaseDean Mazzuca, Christo Angelov, Leonard I Wiebe

Andrographis paniculata absorbed ZnO nanofibers as a potential antimicrobial agent for biomedical applications

The present study focuses on developing antimicrobial nanofibers with superhydrophobicity and insect repellent properties for wound dressing and biomedical applications. For the first time, Andrographis paniculata leaf extract was prepared and incorporated into ZnO nanofibers (AP-ZnO). The antifungal and antibacterial activities of AP-ZnO were tested using the agar plate method. Amid the bacteria and fungus strain tested, the prepared sample exhibited a greater efficiency against Staphylococcus aureus and Trichophyton rubrum respectively. AP-ZnO showed the highest larvicidal activity (100 ± 0.2) against Aedes aegypti, proving its insect repellent characteristics. The in vivo toxicity studies of AP-ZnO (100 μg ml−1) tested on Danio rerio ensure the biocompatibility of the prepared sample with maximum toxicity of 21.1% after 72 h, which is lower than commercial Prallethrin. Moreover, AP-ZnO-chitosan coated cotton fabric showed higher durability with contact angle (θ ∼ 151°) and was suggested to be used for self-cleaning applications in the biomedical sector. The examined results confirmed that AP-ZnO possesses different medicinal characteristics suitable for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.

Effect of dietary Andrographis paniculata leaf extract on growth, immunity, and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in Pangasianodon hypopthalmus

ABSTRACT Aeromonas hydrophila severely hampers the farmed catfish production. A 60-day feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of Andrographis paniculata leaf extract on growth, immunomodulation, and disease outbreak against A. hydrophila in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. A total of 180 juveniles of P. hypophthalmus (avg. wt. 123.33 ± 1.8 g) were distributed randomly in four groups following a completely randomized design in triplicate. Four experimental diets—C (no extract), T1 (1%), T2 (2%), and T3 (4%)—were prepared and fed twice daily. Growth metrics were calculated after 45 days and challenged with A. hydrophila. Relative percentage survival (RPS) was recorded over 15 days postchallenge. Results indicated that A. paniculata extract has a positive effect on hematobiochemical parameters and immune response. The highest (P < 0.05) pre- and postchallenge serum lysozyme activity, respiratory burst activity, and globulin level were found in the T2 group and lowest in the T0 group. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher percentage weight gain and SGR and lowest FCR were found in the T2 group than in the other groups. RPS was highest (P < 0.05) in the T2 group, followed by the T1 and T3 groups, compared to the control. Results suggest that A. paniculata leaf extract at a level of 2% could improve growth, immunity, and disease resistance against A. hydrophila by enhancing innate immunity in P. hypophthalmus.

Andrographolide upregulates protein quality control mechanisms in cell and mouse through upregulation of mTORC1 function

BackgroundHeat shock response (HSR), a component of cellular protein quality control mechanisms, is defective in different neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Forced upregulation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), an HSR master regulator, showed therapeutic promise in PD models. Many of the reported small-molecule HSF1 activators have limited functions. Therefore, identification and understanding the molecular bases of action of new HSF1 activating molecules is necessary. MethodWe used a cell-based reporter system to screen Andrographis paniculata leaf extract to isolate andrographolide as an inducer of HSF1 activity. The andrographolide activity was characterized by analyzing its role in different protein quality control mechanisms. ResultWe find that besides ameliorating the PD in MPTP-treated mice, andrographolide upregulated different machineries controlled by HSF1 and NRF2 in both cell and mouse brain. Andrographolide achieves these functions through mTORC1 activated via p38 MAPK and ERK pathways. NRF2 activation is reflected in the upregulation of proteasome as well as autophagy pathways. We further show that NRF2 activation is mediated through mTORC1 driven phosphorylation of p62/sequestosome 1. Studies with different cell types suggested that andrographolide-mediated induction of ROS level underlies all these activities in agreement with the upregulation of mTORC1 and NRF2-antioxidant pathway in mice. ConclusionAndrographolide through upregulating HSF1 activity ameliorates protein aggregation induced cellular toxicity. General significanceOur results provide a reasonable basis for use of andrographolide in the therapy regimen for the treatment of PD.

Cytotoxicity and insulin resistance reversal ability of biofunctional phytosynthesized MgO nanoparticles.

The present study investigates the cytotoxicity of hexagonal MgO nanoparticles synthesized via Amaranthus tricolor leaf extract and spherical MgO nanoparticles synthesized via Amaranthus blitum and Andrographis paniculata leaf extracts. In vitro cytotoxicity analysis showed that the hexagonal MgO nanoparticles synthesized from A. tricolor extract demonstrated the least toxicity to both diabetic and non-diabetic cells at 600μl/ml dosage. The viability of the diabetic cells (3T3-L1) after incubation with varying dosages of MgO nanoparticles was observed to be 55.3%. The viability of normal VERO cells was 86.6% and this stabilized to about 75% even after exposure to MgO nanoparticles dosage of up to 1000μl/ml. Colorimetric glucose assay revealed that the A. tricolor extract synthesized MgO nanoparticles resulted in ~ 28% insulin resistance reversal. A reduction in the expression of GLUT4 protein at 54 KDa after MgO nanopaSrticles incubation with diabetic cells was observed via western blot analysis to confirm insulin reversal ability. Fluorescence microscopic analysis with propidium iodide and acridine orange dyes showed the release of reactive oxygen species as a possible mechanism of the cytotoxic effect of MgO nanoparticles. It was inferred that the synergistic effect of the phytochemicals and MgO nanoparticles played a significant role in delivering enhanced insulin resistance reversal capability in adipose cells.

Facile microwave-assisted green synthesis of NiO nanoparticles from Andrographis paniculata leaf extract and evaluation of their photocatalytic and anticancer activities

In the present work, NiO nanoparticles based on Andrographis paniculata (leaf extract) were prepared through the microwave-assisted method. The obtained nanoparticles were analyzed using XRD, FTIR, SEM with EDS, HRTEM, UV-Vis and luminescence studies. XRD exhibits cubic structure with an average crystallite size of 24 nm. The vibrational stretching mode of nickel oxygen bond is observed at 470 cm−1. The optical energy bandgap value of NiO nanoparticles is found to be 3.51 eV. The luminescence emission peaks observed at 350, 439, 485, and 530 nm. Further, the photodegradation (Evans blue) of prepared nanoparticles was assessed. Anti-breast cancer activity of the prepared nanoparticles was tested against the MCF-7 cell line.

Impact of oxygen vacancies on optical, electrical and antibacterial studies of Mn/Sn codoped ZnO nanoparticles

Andrographis paniculata leaf extract mediated synthesis of (Mn, Sn) doped Zinc Oxide nanoparticles with the concentration of Sn (0–4%) have been prepared for the first time. These innovative nanoparticles are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX), UV–visible spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), photoluminescence (PL), electrical and antibacterial studies. XRD pattern confirmed that all samples have hexagonal wurtzite structure with the crystalline size below 25 nm. The elemental composition of Sn/Mn existence in the ZnO lattice was verified using EDAX. The morphological changes due to the increase in dopant concentration were sighted by SEM images. The changes in PL, electrical and antibacterial studies proves the creation of more oxygen vacancies in Sn = 4% sample giving rise to enhanced optical, dielectric, conductivity behavior besides being noxious to Staphylococcus aureus (ZOI: 12.5) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ZOI: 13).

Release Profile of Andrographis paniculata Leaf Extract Nanocapsule as α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

Andrographis paniculata is one of 13 leading commodities Indonesian medicinal plants through the Ditjen POM. Andrographolide as main active compound has been shown to have many pharmacological activities, one of which is as α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitors which has clinical potential as an antitumor, antiviral, antidiabetic, and immunoregulator agents. This study aims to do nanoencapsulation of Andrographis paniculatar leaf extract to increase its active compound bioavailability and get a release profile through synthetic fluids media simulation. Nanoencapsulation with ionic gelation method result the encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity values of 73.47% and 46.29% at 2%: 1% of chitosan: STPP ratio. The maximum α-glucosidase inhibition of 37.17% was obtained at 16% concentration. Burst release at gastric pH conditions indicate that most of the drug (in this study is an Andrographis paniculata leaf extract) adsorbed on the surface of the nanoparticles an indicates that the kind of nanoparticle formed is nanosphere.

Inhibition of biofilm formation in Serratia marcescens by Andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata

Quorum sensing (QS) is well known for bacterial virulence, antibiotic resistance and biofilm production. Inhibition of quorum sensing can reduce the risk of microbial pathogenicity in all infection. In this present study the compound Andrographolide which is present in Andrographis paniculata leaf extract was assessed for its anti quorum sensing activity against acyl homoserine lactone (AHL)-dependent biofilm formation in Serratia marcescens. The Andrographolide obtained from Andrographis paniculata exhibited a concentration dependent (100 µg/ml) reduction in biofilm production in Serratia marcescens to a level of 90% and compared with the standard Andrographolide (sigma aldrich). Microtiter plate and Light microscopic analysis further confirmed the reduction in the biofilm forming ability of Serratia marcescens when treated with andrographolide. In addition the Andrographolide present in Andrographis paniculata by itself showed no growth inhibitory effect on Serratia marcescens.

Bio-fabricated silver nanoparticles preferentially targets Gram positive depending on cell surface charge.

Recently bio-inspired experimental processes for synthesis of nanoparticles are receiving significant attention in nanobiotechnology. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have been used very frequently in recent times to the wounds, burns and bacterial infections caused by drug-resistant microorganisms. Though, the antibacterial effects of Ag NPs on some multi drug-resistant bacteria specially against Gram positive bacteria has been established, but further investigation is needed to elicit its effectiveness against Gram negatives and to identify the probable mechanism of action. Thus, the present study was conducted to synthesize Ag NPs using Andrographis paniculata leaf extract and to investigate its antibacterial efficacy. After synthesis process the biosynthesized nanoparticles were purified and characterized with the help of various physical measurement techniques which raveled their purity, stability and small size range. The antimicrobial activity of Ag NPs was determined against both Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis and Gram-negative Proteus vulgaris. Results showed comparatively higher antibacterial efficacy of Ag NPs against Gram positive Enterococcus faecalis strains. It was found that greater difference in zeta potential values between Gram positive bacteria and Ag NPs triggers better internalization of the particles. Thus the cell surface charge played vital role in cell killing which was confirmed by surface zeta potential study. Finally it may be concluded that green synthesized Ag NPs using Andrographis paniculata leaf extract can be very useful against both multi drug resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Formulation and Physical Test of Ethanolic Extract Sambiloto Leaves (Andrographis paniculata) Ointment

Introduction: Andrographis paniculata had known contained active substance such as andrographolida, atsiri oil, flavonoid, tannin, alkaloid, and saponin which functions as antibacterial, antitoxic, analgesic, and anti-pyretic. Based on its antibacterial properties, an ointment form of Andrographis paniculata leaf is then formulated, for practical usage. Ointment formula is semi solid for topical use in the skin or mucosal membranes. Objectives: to know the result of ointment physical test of etanolic extract Andrographis paniculata leaf. Methods: physical tests contain organoleptic test, pH, homogenity, adhesion test and dispersive test. Results: Ointment shaped semi solid, blacky green and special smell of Andrographis paniculata, pH 6, homogenity test obtained homogenous results, adhesion test was 82 second and dispersive test was 5.6 cm. Conclusion: the result of physical tests of etanolic Andrographis paniculata leaf extract ointment appropriate with quality standard.

Formulation and Physical Test of Ethanolic Extract Sambiloto Leaves (Andrographis paniculata) Ointment

Introduction: Andrographis paniculata had known contained active substance such as andrographolida, atsiri oil, flavonoid, tannin, alkaloid, and saponin which functions as antibacterial, antitoxic, analgesic, and anti-pyretic. Based on its antibacterial properties, an ointment form of Andrographis paniculata leaf is then formulated, for practical usage. Ointment formula is semi solid for topical use in the skin or mucosal membranes. Objectives: to know the result of ointment physical test of etanolic extract Andrographis paniculata leaf. Methods: physical tests contain organoleptic test, pH, homogenity, adhesion test and dispersive test. Results: Ointment shaped semi solid, blacky green and special smell of Andrographis paniculata, pH 6, homogenity test obtained homogenous results, adhesion test was 82 second and dispersive test was 5.6 cm. Conclusion: the result of physical tests of etanolic Andrographis paniculata leaf extract ointment appropriate with quality standard.