Andaman Islands Research Articles

Additions to the Orchidace Ae of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

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A Review on the Floristic Studies in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands up to 1970

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<i>Burmannia championii</i> Thw. - An Addition to the Flora of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands

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Recent Botanical Studies in Andaman and Nicobar Islands

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Notes on Two Species of Lindsaea Dryan. from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

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On the Identity and Distribution of some Plants in Andaman and Nicobar Islands

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Studies on the Mangroves of Peninsular Versus the Andaman and Nicobar Islands

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A Contribution to the Flora of Katchal Island, in Andaman and Nicobars

The present paper resulting out of intensive survey of Katchal Island during the years 1974 to 1977, enumerates 340 species of Angiosperms, Ferns and Gymnosperms which were not recorded earlier from this island and collected by the author. The critical study of the species yielded many interesting species of which 8 species are new records for India and 8 species are new records for Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Notes on some Little Known Ferns of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

During detailed explorations of the Andaman & Nicobar Group of Islands, particularly the rich fern flora, it was found that several species were new additions to the Indian flora. While sixteen of these are recorded here, the occasion is also used to propose a new combination and to describe a new variety.

Additions to the Genus <I>Indigofera</I> L. (Fabaceae) of India and Bhutan

The paper describes with some illustrations, 2 species of Indigofera L. viz. I. lacei Graib and I. silvestrii Pampanini, new to India and Bhutan respectively. The extended distribution of I. glandulosa Roxb. ex Willd. to Andaman Islands and a discussion on geographical distribution of I. slivestrii are also included.

Description of a new whitefly genus and two new species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from the Western Ghats and Andaman Islands, India

Cerafilum gen. nov. is described for Cerafilum ochlandrae sp. nov. and Cerafilum saddlense sp. nov., from India and colonising bamboo species. Cerafilum gen. nov. is compared with the allied genus Aleuromarginatus Corbett and Setaleyrodes Takahashi and diagnoses and illustrations provided, including habitus, line drawings of holotype, diagnostic characteristics, types’ images and scanning electron microscope microphotographs.

Contributions to the Flora of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands

The Andamans and Nicobars are two groups of islands, lying in the Bay of Bengal between the latitudes 6°41' and 13°41' North and longitudes 92°11’ and 94°00' East. The Andamans consist of 204 islands, while the Nicobars are made up of 22 islands.Geology, soil and climate of these islands are discussed. A brief resume of the botanical history of these islands is presented.The vegetation of the Andamans is classified into 1. Mangrove forests 2. Beach forortr 3. Evergreen forests, situated at lower elevations in alluvial land and valleys 4. Deciduous forests 5. Moist evergreen forests at higher elevations 6. Vegetation in cleared lands and open areas. In Nicobars the following types of vegetation are met with 1. Beach forests 2. Evergreen forests 3. Grass lands 4. Marine vegetation. The floristic composition of these vegetations is discussed in detail.A floristic analysis is presented. The approximate number of Phanerogamic species may, amount to 1000 and 700 for the Andamans and Nicobars respectively. The flora has been subjected to the influence of Burma and Malaysia. A number of non-indigenous species have intruded and mixed well with the Andaman flora. A third feature is presence of plants of their own, with a number of endemic species.

Taxonomic Studies on Indian Guttiferae III. the Genus <I>Garcinia</I> Linn. S.l.

The paper deals with the taxonomic treatment of the genus Garcinia Linn, (including Xanthochymus Roxb.) as occurring in India. The study was undertaken with a view to enumerate the wild types of Indian Garcinias that produce the 'gummi-gutt' or gamboge of commerce and which may be utilized in the improvement of the fruit of mangosteen (G. mangostana Linn.). Thirty five species are recognized in the area, of which thirty one species occur wild ; the rest are introduced into cultivation. Ten species are restricted to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. One Burmese species, G. loniceroides T. Anders., has been discovered in Assam. A new variety of G. echinocarpaThwaites, namely var. monticola Mahesh., is reported from southern India. These are described in detail and their synonymy, distribution, uses, vernacular names, etc. are ascertained. A key to the species is presented.G. eugeniaefolia Wall, ex T. Anders., is incorporated in G. brevirostris Scheff. G. ovalifolia Hook.f. var. macrantha T. Anders, (syn. G. malabarica Talb., non Desr.) is raised to specific rank as G. talbotii Raiz. ex Santapau. G. affinis Wall, ex Pierre, G. pictoria Roxb., and G. acuminata Planch. & Triana, are treated as distinct species. T. Anderson (1874) in the Flora of British India has united G. kydia Roxb. with G. cowa Roxb. It is concluded here that these species should be kept separate. The details are discussed in this paper.

A review on the phytochemistry and biological activities of Curculigo latifolia Dryand ex. W.Aiton

Curculigo latifolia Dryand. ex W. T. Aiton, from the genus Curculigo, is a medicinal plant traditionally used to treat numerous illnesses such as fever, stomach aches, jaundice, wounds, and inflammation. C. latifolia is a perennial herb that is widely found in tropical and subtropical regions, such as Southeast Asia, Southern China, Bangladesh, Australia, and the Andaman Islands. This review collates the reported studies on the different aspects of C. latifolia from its plant description, nutritional value, phytochemistry, chemical composition, and pharmacological properties. This review aims to identify gaps in the literature and provide useful references for future work on this plant. Previous studies have shown that C. latifolia contains high mineral contents of calcium, iron, and magnesium, which are essential components of human health. Moreover, the plant is rich in phytochemicals, which play a prominent role in various pharmacological activities. The most common compounds identified included curculigoside, crassifoside I, nyasicoside, and curculigine. C. latifolia demonstrated high antioxidant activity through its ability to scavenge superoxide anions, 1,1–diphenyl–2–picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino–bis(3–ethylbenzthiazoline–6–sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals, reducing ferric ions to ferrous complexes, iron chelation, and B-carotene bleaching. It was also shown that the roots, stems, and leaves of C. latifolia were effective in exerting antimicrobial activity against several microbial strains, including Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtillis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Erwinia sp., Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas sp., Candida albicans, Salmonella choleraesuis and Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, the root, fruit, leaf, petiole, and rhizome extracts were found to improve glucose uptake and insulin secretion in diabetic rats, suggesting their antidiabetic potential. C. latifolia presents a wide range of medicinal properties that could make it a promising functional food or source of food supplements to prevent nutrition–related or chronic diseases.

Taxonomic Studies on Indian Guttiferae I. the Genus <I>Calophyllum</I> L

This revision of the genus CalophyllumL. is precursory to the treatment of the family of Guttiferae as occurring in India. No particular attention was paid of late years to this important timber plant in India. It was, therefore, thought necessary to undertake taxonomic their studies on the genus.Nine species occur in India, of which three are restricted to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The rest occur in Southern and Eastern India. These are described in detail and their synonymy, distribution, uses, vernacular names, etc. are ascertained.The nomenclature of plants have been adjusted to the latest findings in botanical literature, and aims to be completely in accordance with the 1956 edition of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. For one species of Calophyllum, viz., C. apetalum Willd. (Syn. C. wighfianum Wall, ex Pl. et Tr.), Wallich 4847 (in Herb. Calc.) is selected as the neotype of the species. This is done in accordance with the provisions of Article 7 of 1956 edition of the Code.The present treatment of the genus differs in some respects regarding the circumscription of species, from that of T. Anderson (1874) in the Flora of British India. T. Anderson has united C. amoenum Wall, with C. retusum Wall., and C. elatum Bedd. with C. tomentosum Wight. However, a careful study leads me to conclude that these species should be kept separate and of these only C. amoenum Wall., and C. elatum Bedd. occur in India. The details are discussed in this paper.

Studies on the Flora of the Andaman Islands

Studies and observations, made on the flora of the Andaman Islands during a botanical exploration tour in 1959, are recorded in this paper. Andamans are a group of large and small islands 204 in number, lying in the Bay of Bengal between 13°41'and 10°30' N. latitudes, and 92°11'and 93°7'E. longitudes.Important vegetation types commonly met with in these islands are the Mangrove forests, Beach forests, Deciduous forests and Evergreen forests at lower and higher elevations. The floristic composition of the South, Middle, and North Andamans are described in detail. A floristic analysis of the Andaman Islands, based on the collections made during the above tour is presented. An enumeration of the plants collected, is given at the end.

Lyriothemis lucifera spec. nov. from the Andaman Islands, India (Odonata: Libellulidae)

Lyriothemis lucifera spec. nov. (holotype ♂: 18.iv.1998, Long Island, Rangat county, North and Middle Andaman district, Andaman Islands, India, ex.-coll. M. Hämäläinen, Wen-Chi Yeh, RMNH.INS. 1152914; deposited at Naturalis Biodiversity Centre Leiden, the Netherlands), is described and figured. This new species belongs to the 3rd group of Lyriothemis Brauer, 1868. Photographs of the name-bearing specimens of Lyriothemis magnificata (Selys, 1878), Lyriothemis daui Krüger, 1902, and Lyriothemis laui Krüger, 1902 are provided.

HYPTISCAPITATA JACQ. (HYPTIDINAE: LAMIACEAE) NEW RECORD FOR FLORA OF MAHARASHTRA, INDIA

Hyptis capitata Jacq. reported here first time from the Southern Konkan region of Maharashtra. Previously, this species was recorded from Andaman and Nicobar Island, Kerala, Tripura, West Bengal and Goa. In the present article brief description, photographs, and relevant notes are provided to facilitate its easy identification.

Impacts of invasive spotted deer (Axis axis) herbivory on mangrove vegetation in South Andaman Island, India

Impacts of invasive spotted deer (Axis axis) herbivory on mangrove vegetation in South Andaman Island, India

Human decomposition in the unique context of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India): a comparative analysis with reference data

ABSTRACT The understanding of the victim’s decomposition process is crucial in forensic science for establishing accurate time since death, and the overall timelines of criminal investigations. Global research, which primarily relies on non-human animal proxies, highlights a scarcity of facilities using human bodies and a lack of baseline data for some regions and remote locations. In cases such as the Andaman and Nicobar (A&N) Islands (India), forensic practitioners turn to literature-derived patterns developed at the closest locations (mostly mainland India). This study examines 51 human decomposition cases investigated in A&N in comparison with the existing literature, emphasizing distinctions and similarities in their decomposition relative to the current Indian literature. This study advocates for further research and potentially calls for the establishment of the first anthropology research facility in the Indo-Pacific region, encouraging the development of tailored methodologies for more accurate estimations in diverse environments.