Reviews resurrect or craft new geopolitical, personal, and interethnic understandings from scratch. By the time Lewis and Clark reached the lower Columbia River in October 1805, they were moving through a world already mapped by the British and dealing with Native peoples already connected to global trade networks. Lewis and Clark also feared (rightly) that they had not found the headwaters of the Columbia River, let alone the best route from eastern North America to the Pacific. Instead, their efforts seemed to confirm that Alexander MacKenzie, whose writings they carried and perused frequently, had already accomplished that feat more than a decade earlier. As Nicandri posits, such complications seem to have stilled Lewis’s pen through most of the expedition’s time west of the Continental Divide. Confounded by new landscapes and peoples,unable to make claims of “Discovery,” and beyond the bounds of American territorial claims,Lewis became disengaged from what he once claimed as his own “darling project.” In the final chapter of River of Promise, Nicandri builds a strong but speculative case that the expedition’s time in the Columbia Basin led to the “Dissolution of Meriwether Lewis” and ultimately contributed to his suicide a few years later. The effort to prove that connection is ultimately impossible, but it illustrates a larger strategy of the book. Nicandri rightly argues that fuller attention to the expedition’s time in the Columbia Basin can both enrich and even transform historical interpretation. On this score, the book is a great success. Some may quibble with speculations about Lewis’s suicide, and Nicandri’s proclamations about the significance of Native peoples and their various concerns are not sufficiently explored. The book also gets bogged down in a long discourse on the rather insignificant fact of the expedition’s official geographic endpoint. Yet Nicandri provides a number of clear and convincing arguments: about how much the actions, and journals, of expedition members were affected by concerns over British imperial interests; about just how poorly the expedition understood Native communities with whom they could barely communicate; and about how the time along the Columbia River presented the greatest physical and psychological challenges of the entire expedition. In short, Nicandri demonstrates that the Columbia River country brought out the worst and some of the best in Lewis and Clark, and it is there that many important new interpretations and understandings are still to be found. Mark David Spence HistoryCraft, Albany, Oregon Rock Art of the Oregon Country: Honoring the Lorings’ Legacy edited by James D. Keyser and George Poetschat The Oregon Archaeological Society Press, Portland, 2010. Illustrations, photographs, maps, tables, bibliography. 128 pages. $15.00 paper. Ancient images on stone — painted,scratched, and pecked — and collectively known as rock art, have long held the interest of avocational archaeology groups in this country and provide some of the best opportunities for collaboration with professional researchers.Recent publications of the Oregon Archaeological Society (OAS), including this newest volume, demonstrate the local success of such collaboration. As the title indicates, this book honors efforts by OAS members Malcolm and Louise Loring in the 1960s to document rock art throughout Oregon and Washington. This newest OAS publication features six well-illustrated papers onrockartpreparedbyOASmembersandprofessional colleagues. Editors James D. Keyser, a retired U.S. Forest Service archaeologist, and long-time OAS member George Poetschat have established high standards for rock art research, and with their many publications to date,have created a legacy of their own. OHQ vol. 112, no. 1 The volume’s first paper, by Don Hann, James D. Keyser, and Phillip Cash Cash, summarizes known ethnographic material regarding the purpose and function of rock art within the Columbia Plateau.Information from more than twenty Plateau groups is used to show that most of the rock art is probably shamanistic, and associated with personal spirit quest activity , while some is shamanic, the product of a religious specialist. In the second paper, David Kaiser examines the imagery of Plateau rock art from the perspective of neuropsychology, arguing that specific motifs may represent entopic forms “seen” in the altered states of consciousness experienced during the vision quest. Kaiser’s research focuses on a specific design element, the rayed arc, common...