Anatomic Form Research Articles

Is the clinical performance of incremental and bulk-fill resin composite different?

Data sources PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Brazilian Bibliography in Dentistry and Cochrane Library. The grey literature was searched using the System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe database. Abstracts from the Annual Session of the International Association for Dental Research and its regional subgroups (1990-2020) were searched. Theses and dissertations (full texts) were searched in the ProQuest and Capes databases. Unpublished and ongoing studies were searched in clinical trial databases (Current Controlled Trials, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, ClinicalTrials.gov, Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos and EU Clinical Trials Register).Study selection In total, 14 randomised clinical trials comparing the clinical performance of composite resin restorations in posterior teeth placed with the incremental or the bulk-filling techniques were evaluated.Data extraction and synthesis Relevant information on the research project, participants, interventions and outcomes was collected using extraction forms by three study authors. Data extraction was pilot-tested using a sample of four studies to ensure that the data were consistent with the specific research question. To avoid overlapping, multiple reports of the same study with different follow-ups were extracted into a single form.Results Considering the primary and secondary outcomes (retention/fracture rate, anatomical form, surface texture, colour match, marginal adaption, marginal discoloration, caries and postoperative sensitivity), it is possible to state that there was no difference between incremental or bulk fill resin composite techniques in Class II and I cavities.Conclusions A systematic review and meta-analysis with moderated quality of evidence bulk fill and incremental techniques showed similar clinical performance on posterior resin composite restorations.

Augmented reality application for localization and classification of glioma in human brain using color-coding

Biomedical imaging involves the complex chain of acquiring, processing, and visualizing structural or functional images of living objects or systems, including extraction and processing of image-related information. Medical imaging is truly a vital element of the healthcare world–an essential tool for physicians to assist with diagnostics, treatment, and prevention. Imaging can provide uniquely valuable information about tissue composition, morphology and function, as well as quantitative descriptions of many fundamental biological processes. The main benefit of medical image processing is that it allows for in-depth, but non-invasive exploration of internal anatomy. Brain tumors are the most common and aggressive disease, leading to a very short life expectancy in their highest grade. Thus, treatment planning is a key stage to improve the quality of life of patients. Artificial intelligence (AI) developments have created opportunities for human life in a wide range of industries, business, education, and healthcare [1,2].The main aim of the project is to provide an environment where doctors can view and interact with patient specific anatomical form.

Decision Tree analysis on Management of Calcified Canals

Calcific metamorphosis is also called pulp canal obliteration. Canals can be partially or fully obliterated. Most common reasons for calcified canals are trauma and aging. These calcific deposits can cause a considerable challenge to the dental practitioner in locating the canals, reaching the working length and also cleaning and shaping the canals. Attempt to negotiate the canals and perform biomechanical preparation without proper and thorough knowledge on management of calcified canals can lead to iatrogenic errors caused by the clinician such as perforation, fracture of instrument, transportation etc.Most important thing before attempting to negotiate such calcified canals is to have a thorough knowledge on the normal anatomical form and morphology of the root canal system of the particular tooth. Practicing under dental loupes or microscope can add to the clear vision and aid in locating and negotiating the canal. Different armamentarium is available for this purpose like basic small size k file, c pilot files, Endo guide burs, ultrasonic, chelating agents, endodontic surgery to advanced Guided Endodontics.

A randomized, controlled clinical evaluation of two resin cement systems in the adhesion of CAD/CAM-fabricated resin nanoceramic restorations: 18-month preliminary results.

The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the performance of two different adhesive resin cement systems in the cementation of inlay/onlay restorations produced from resin nanoceramic blocks using the CAD/CAM system. A total of 70 inlay/onlay restorations made from Cerasmart (GC, Tokyo, Japan) resin nanoceramic blocks using CEREC Omnicam (Sirona Dental, Bensheim, Germany) were placed in 53 patients. The restorations were cemented with RelyX U200 Automix (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) self-adhesive resin cement (RXU) after selective enamel etching or with G-CEM LinkForce (GC, Tokyo, Japan) adhesive resin cement (GCL) in combination with a universal adhesive (G-Premio Bond) in selective etch mode. At baseline and after 6, 12, and 18 months, restorations were examined by two calibrated clinicians according to modified USPHS criteria. The data were analyzed using Chi-square (χ2 ) test and Friedman test (p <0.05). After 18 months, two teeth at RXU group were endodontically treated due to hypersensitivities. At GCL group, three restorations were lost due to debondings (2) and ceramic fracture (1). The survival rates of RXU (94.3%) and GCL group (91.4%) exhibited no statistically significant difference (p =0.661). No significant differences were detected for surface texture, secondary caries, anatomic form, color match, marginal discoloration, marginal integrity, interproximal contacts, and patient satisfaction (p >0.05). The two resin cement systems showed acceptable clinical performance for the cementation of resin nanoceramic CEREC Omnicam inlay/onlay restorations. Resin nanoceramic restorations fabricated using CEREC Omnicam and cemented with either a self-adhesive or a universal adhesive/resin cement system demonstrated clinically acceptable results for posterior teeth in a single visit.

EVALUATION OF AESTHETIC RESTORATIONS PREPARED BY UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS ON TYPODONT MODELS

The dental school curriculum is based on theoretical and practical courses. Before real patients, students practice on secure environments like typodonts or simulators to manage the functional and aesthetic properties of tooth restorations. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of class IV aesthetic restorations prepared by undergraduate dental students across different years of training, in terms of surface gloss, anatomic form, marginal adaptation, and proximal contact. Four consecutive classes of dental students (n = 15) were tasked with restoring a class IV cavity on a typodont tooth. Restorations were performed using a universal adhesive and nanohybrid resin composite. Evaluations were performed using the modified FDI criteria. Data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance, along with a t-test. The FDI scores for restorations by second-, fourth-, and fifth-year dental students were not significantly different. Third-year students had less success than others only in terms of incisal marginal adaptation. Forty-seven of the 60 (78.3%) restorations were clinically sufficient in all of the evaluated criteria. There were no statistically significant differences between the restorations performed by female and male students. The two-year preclinical training along with theoretical and practical education is sufficient for students to acquire basic restorative skills needed in clinical practice.

Stability of single 3-D trapezoidal plate in condylar fracture in comparison to 2 Miniplates

Background: Condylar fractures account for one third of all mandibular fractures being in the range of 17.5–52%1, 2 of all mandibular fractures. The main goal in the treatment of condylar fractures is to predictably restore pre-injury anatomical form, with associated aesthetics and function. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and stability of single 3-D trapezoidal condylar plate and compare it with 2.0mm conventional miniplates in the Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of mandibular sub-condylar fractures. Methods: This study was conducted on 20 patients with subcondylar fracture.10 patients were allotted by random sampling in each Group. 3-D trapezoidal condylar plates were used in Group A and 2.0mm conventional minplates were used in Group B. The mini retromandibular surgical approach was common to both the groups. Function and stability was assessed post operatively at 1st, 3rd and 6th month respectively. Results: Intergroup analysis showed no statistically significant difference in results with respect to function and the stability of the fractured fragments. Conclusion: 3D trapezoidal condylar plates are more stable and structurally more efficient in reducing the torque forces leading to better osteosynthesis.

Comparison of Sonographic and Pathological Findings of Patients with Appendicitis in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in the Center of Iran

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is one of the most prevalent differential diagnosis for acute abdomen. Ultrasound is a noninvasive diagnostic procedure that does not expose the patient to ionizing radiation.We intended to compare ultrasound findings as a diagnostic tool with pathology findings in patients with appendicitis who had undergone appendectomy in this study. Methods and Materials: A total of 150 patients with abdominal pain were studied in this research. Following confirmation of the diagnosis, these patients underwent surgery. SPSS Version 26 software was used to record and evaluate all demographic information, kind of underlying disease (if any), and duration of symptoms, clinical findings, pre-operation sonography findings and type of treatment and surgery. Results: The study included 150 patients, with 53.3 percent of them being female and the rest being male. Pathologically positive patients made up 78 percent of the cases analyzed. The highest sonographic finding was 6mm Appendix in terms of sonographic data (37.3 percent). The retrocecal type of the appendix was the most frequent anatomical form, accounting for 63.3 percent of all appendixes. Pathology results and sonography observations of peri-appendiceal fluid collection and peri-appendiceal fat inflammation differ significantly. The pathology findings and the ultrasonography observation of 6mm &gt; Appendix were not significantly different. Conclusion: Inflammation of the appendix wall without necrosis and an increase in the size of the appendix (&gt;6 mm) are the key ultrasound findings in support of a diagnosis of uncomplicated appendicitis. Keywords: Ultrasonography, Appendicitis, diagnostic imaging, Surgery, pathology

Is the clinical performance of composite resin restorations in posterior teeth similar if restored with incremental or bulk-filling techniques? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

A systematic review was performed to analyze the clinical performance of class I and II restorations in posterior teeth placed with the incremental or the bulk-filling techniques. The primary outcome was retention/fracture rate, and the secondary outcomes evaluated were anatomical form, surface texture, color match, marginal adaption, marginal discoloration, caries, and postoperative sensitivity. Electronic and manual searches were performed for randomized clinical trials comparing the clinical performance of composite resin restorations in posterior teeth placed with the incremental or the bulk-filling techniques. The Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the studies and the GRADE tool was used to access the quality of the evidence. Fourteen studies were included in this systematic review and most of them had unclear risk of bias. The risk difference (RD) for retention/fracture was 0.00 (95%CI = - 0.01, 0.01; p = 0.86) for 1-1.5years of follow-up; 0.00 (95%CI = - 0.02, 0.02; p = 0.88) for 2-3years of follow-up; 0.05 (95%CI = - 0.08, 0.18; p = 0.46) for 5 or more years of follow-up. The RD for postoperative sensitivity was 0.04 (95%CI = - 0.02, 0.10; p = 0.18) for up to 30days; 0.00 (95%CI = - 0.01, 0.02; p = 0.63) for 1-1.5years of follow-up; and 0.00 (95%CI = - 0.01, 0.02; p = 0.71) for 2-3years of follow-up. For the other secondary outcomes, no significant differences were observed (p > 0.05) between the restorative techniques. The certainty of evidence was graded as moderate. The clinical performance of class I and II restorations in posterior teeth is similar when placed with the incremental and bulk-filling techniques. Based on the results of this study, posterior restorations placed with bulk-filling technique present satisfactory clinical performance, which is similar to direct restorations placed with the conventional incremental technique, considering various follow-up periods evaluated. CRD42018108450.

BAŞLANGIÇ OKLUZAL ÇÜRÜKLERE UYGULANAN İKİ FARKLI NANO KOMPOZİTİN İKİ YILLIK KLİNİK PERFORMANSI

Amaç: Bu çalışmada; başlangıç okluzal çürüklerin tedavisinde kullanılan nanokompozitlerin 2 yıllık klinik performanslarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bireyler ve Yöntem: Araştırmaya katılan bireyler, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Restoratif Diş Tedavisi Kliniğine başvuran, en az 2 adet başlangıç okluzal çürüğü bulunan hastalar arasından seçildi (yaş aralığı 18-30). Restore edilecek dişler görsel muayene yöntemi ile değerlendirildi. Radyografilerin incelenmesinden sonra DIAGNodent pen ile ölçümler yapıldı. Dişlere; minimal invaziv okluzal kavite preparasyonu yapıldıktan sonra kondanse edilebilen bir nanokompozit (Quixfil, Dentsply) ve akışkan nanokompozit (SureFil SDR Flow, Dentsply) üretici firmanın önerileri doğrultusunda uygulandı. Çalışmaya katılan 23’ü kadın 20’si erkek olmak üzere 43 gönüllü bireye 356 adet restorasyon yapıldı. Kompozit restorasyonlar, başlangıç, 6., 12., 18., 24. aylarda modifiye USPHS kriterlerine göre değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel değerlendirme için “Pearson Chi-square”, “Fisher Exact” ve “Cochran Q” testleri kullanıldı (p<0.05). Bulgular: 24 ay sonunda 38 hastada 316 adet restorasyon değerlendirildi. Tüm modifiye USPHS kriterleri için restorasyon grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p>0.05). Her grubun kendi içinde, kenar uyumu, kenar renklenmesi, anatomik form ve hassasiyet kriterlerinin zaman içindeki değişimi anlamlıyken (p<0.001); retansiyon, renk uyumu, sekonder çürük, yüzey yapısı, kriterlerinin değişimi anlamlı bulunmadı (p>0.05) Sonuç: Bu çalışmada her iki rezin kompozitin başlangıç okluzal çürüklerin tedavisinde klinik olarak kabul edilebilir bir performans gösterdiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Anahtar kelime: Nanokompozit, Başlangıç Okluzal Çürük, Klinik Performans, Dıagnodent Pen. CLINICAL PERFORMANCE OF TWO DIFFERENT NANO COMPOSITES IN INITIAL OCCLUSAL CARIES : TWO YEARS RESULTS ABSTRACT Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the two-year clinical performance of one condansable nano composite and one flowable nanocomposite in minimal occlusal cavities. Material and methods: Patients were selected from who visiting the Hacettepe University School of Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry for the teratment of occlusal caries (age range 18-30 years). At the beginning of treatment, teeth were diagnosed by visual inspection with a mirror and lesions were evaluated with periapical and bitewing radiographs. After that to achieve standardization measurements were made with the DIAGNOdent Pen. 20 male and 23 female subjects participated to study. A total of 356 occlusal cavities were restored with condansable nano composite (Quixfil, Dentsply) and flowable nano composite (SureFil SDR Flow, Dentsply) according to manufacturers’ instructions. All restorations were placed by one operator. The restorations were evaluated clinically within 1 week after placement and after 6., 12., 18., 24. months using modified USPHS criteria by one examiner. Statistical analysis was completed using Pearson Chi-square, Fisher- Exact and Cochran Q tests (p<0,05). Results: At the end of 24 months; in 38 patients 316 restorations were evaluated. No statistically significant differences were found between two resin composites (p>0.05). There were significant differences between time zones with each restoration group for marginal adaptaion, marginal discoloration, anatomic form, post operative sensitivity (p<0.001). Interms of Retantion, color match, seconder caries, surface texture no significant differences have been found in each restorative materials groups (p>0,05). Conclusion: It was concluded that; different types of resin composites demonstrated acceptable clinical performance in initial occlusal caries. Keywords: nanocomposite, initial occlusa caries, clinical performance, DIAGNOdent Pen

Evaluation of the success rate of pit and fissure sealants on first molars: 12months follow-up study.

Dental caries by far is the most prevalent concern of the preadolescents and adolescents in dental clinics. Despite the provision of local fluoride, the occlusal surfaces of teeth are susceptible to dental caries. Pit and fissure sealant therapy is a preventive method to decrease dental caries in permanent teeth. The present study aimed to evaluate the success of fissure sealant treatments of first molar teeth, at 3, 6 and 12months follow-ups. Sixty-five children were randomly selected. The subjects had already received fissure sealants in the department of public health dentistry. Demographic data, including age and gender, sealant failure and the type of failure were recorded in the relevant checklists. Feigal criteria were used to evaluate the success or failure of fissure sealant treatments. Overall success rate was 74.3% for 1year. Evaluation of the failure rate showed that at the 3-month interval, 20.6% of the sealants exhibited failure (57.1% due to margin discoloration and 42.9% due to lack of margin adaptation). 28.6% of the sealants failed at the 6-month (75% due to marginal discoloration and 25% due to anatomical form) and 41.2% failed at the 12-month interval (57.1% due to marginal discoloration and 42.9% due to the lack of margin adaptation). The total failure rate of fissure sealant failures after 1year was 27.7%. The most frequent reason for the failure of fissure sealants was marginal discoloration.

Univentricular Heart

Introduction: The univentricular heart refers to a pathophysiological concept in which a single functional ventricle provides both pulmonary and systemic aortic flow in parallel. The aim of this study was to conduct an epidemiological study of the univentricular heart, to study the circumstances of discovery, to analyze the problems posed by the diagnostic and therapeutic management of these patients in our Moroccan context by evaluating the diagnostic role of Doppler echocardiography and finally evaluating the evolution of these operated children. Methods: This was a retrospective study in the cardiovascular surgery department of CHU IBN ROCHD in Casablanca, over a period of 3 years from January 2017 to December 2019 involving 4 patients, whose age varies between 6 months and 7 years. Results: The sex ratio was 1. The average age of the patients was 8 months and 6 years respectively for the pulmonary artery cerclage and for the Fontan treatment. Consanguinity, diabetes, hypertension and advanced maternal age were the main antecedents. Several circumstances of discovery have been highlighted, the most common are: perioral cyanosis in 3 patients, growth restriction with eating difficulties in 3 patients and dyspnea in 2 others. Pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary stenosis were present in 50% of the patients. The diagnosis was made by echocardiography and the most common anatomical form of the single ventricle was tricuspid atresia in 2 patients. All patients were operated: 2 received pulmonary artery cerclage and 2 others received Fontan treatment, 1 of them had primary pulmonary artery cerclage in his history. In our study, no deaths were reported. Postoperative complications were dominated by atelectasis, infectious complications, bleeding and pleuro-pericardial effusion. The short and medium-term postoperative evolution was favorable for all our patients with weight gain, symptom reduction and improvement in O2 saturation.

Clinical performance of resin composite restorations placed by dental students

Aim: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the performance of resin composite restorations placed by undergraduate dental students with 1 to 15 years of placement based on dental records. Methods: Four calibrated operators evaluated 498 restorations (anterior and posterior) of 120 patients according to Ryge’s validated criteria (USPHS). Results: The criteria that showed the smallest changes between the types of failures were color matching, marginal discoloration and surface texture. Regarding the longevity, the surface texture showed an increase in the frequency of failures from the second time interval (3.1 to 6 years). Higher prevalence of failure was found in class II and III restorations, with secondary caries being the main reason. No significant differences were found for anatomic form, marginal adaptation, and color matching. Class V restorations showed a higher fracture rate with total displacement of the restoration, with no increase in the frequency of fracture over time. Conclusion: High rate of restoration failure was observed, possibly due to the lack of experience and skills of the students. This outcome highlight the need for continuous revision and improvements of teaching practice regarding the development of clinical competences and skills by dental students.

Classificação do linfoma em gatos e sua relação com a detecção do DNA pró-viral do vírus da leucemia felina

ABSTRACT: In this retrospective and prospective study, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of 62 cases of lymphomas in cats were performed to classify the anatomic forms and subtypes, according to the WHO guidelines, and correlate it to FeLV proviral DNA detected using PCR. The most common anatomical form was gastrointestinal (40.3%, 25/62), followed by multicentric (29%, 18/62), mediastinal (17.7%, 11/62) and extranodal (12,9%, 8/62). Among the lymphoma subtypes, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (30.6%, 19/62) was the most commonly diagnosed followed by peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) (29%, 18/62) and enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma type 2 (14.5%, 9/62). DNA extraction from paraffin-embedded neoplastic tissue was obtained in 28 cases and FeLV proviral DNA was detected by PCR, in 23 of these. Of the cases presenting with FeLV proviral DNA, nine (32%) were of the multicentric form, five (22%) of the mediastinal and extranodal forms and four (17%) of the gastrointestinal form. The most frequent subtypes with FeLV proviral DNA, independent of the anatomical form, were DLBCL (39.1%, 9/23) and PTCL (34.7%, 8/23). The presence of the FeLV proviral DNA in 23 cats of this study, probably had association with the multicentric form of lymphoma and higher occurrence in the DLBCL and PTCL subtypes.

A 1-year comparative evaluation of clinical performance of conventional direct composite restoration technique with a novel "custom shield" technique in class I compound lesions - A randomized clinical study.

Aim:The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the 1-year clinical performance of conventional direct composite restoration technique with a novel “custom shield” technique in class I compound lesions.Subjects and Methods:After ethical approval, 72 patients who signed the informed consent form participated in the study. They were divided into two groups – Group A: Conventional direct composite restoration (n = 36) and Group B: Composite restoration using custom shield technique (n = 36) by computer randomization. In Group A, composite restoration was performed by the incremental layering technique. In Group B, restoration was performed using a novel custom shield and occlusal stamp along with the incremental layering technique. Patients were evaluated using the modified USPHS criteria by blinded evaluators for 1 year.Statistical Analysis:Chi-square test and Friedman test using SPSS version 21.0.Results:A statistically significant difference was obtained for marginal adaptation (P = 0.024), retention (P = 0.23), surface texture, and anatomic form (P < 0.001), and time taken to perform the procedure for Group B was higher than Group A.Conclusion:Conventional composite restoration and custom shield technique can be successfully used in class I compound lesions with custom shield technique having a higher edge over the conventional technique.

Surgical result of distal humerus fractures in adults: A consecutive series of 55 cases and review of the literature

Introduction: Fractures of the humeral pallet are more and more frequent; this is linked to the increase in road accidents and their violence. Methods: We have collected in our archives 55 cases of fracture of the humeral pallet at the Traumatology–Orthopedics Department of the IBN SINA CHU in RABAT from January 2015 to December 2019. Results: They mainly affect young adults with a clear predominance of men (73%). The trauma most often occurs by direct mechanism (65%). The main cause of these fractures is represented by road accidents (56%), followed by assaults and falls. Supra and intercondylar fractures are the most described anatomical form (65%). The treatment is surgical in all cases, with predominance of the posterior approach. Discussion: Considering the comminution often encountered, only a solid and stable osteosynthesis allows the anatomical restoration of the elbow, by adapting the indications to the types of fractures and by using a more codified technique, to allow an early rehabilitation, better guarantee of recovery of elbow function. The LECESTRE premolded plate is the most used in supra and intercondylar fractures; it seems to be a real progress in osteosynthesis (31.03% good results and 51.72% average results) for this type of fracture. Conclusion: The management of humeral paddle fractures is based on perfect anatomical reduction, by a solid assembly which must allow early rehabilitation ensuring good functionality. Level of Evidence: IV-retrospective study.

A 3-year retrospective study of clinical durability of bulk-filled resin composite restorations.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the clinical longevity of a bulk-fill resin composite in Class II restorations for 3-year.Materials and MethodsPatient record files acquired from the 40 patients who were treated due to needed 2 similar sizes Class II composite restorations were used for this retrospective study. In the experimental cavity, the flowable resin composite SDR was inserted in the dentinal part as a 4 mm intermediate layer. A 2 mm coverage layer with a nano-hybrid resin composite (CeramX) was placed on SDR. The control restoration was performed by an incremental technique of 2 mm using the nano-hybrid resin composite. The restorations were blindly assessed by 2 calibrated examiners using modified United States Public Health Service criteria at baseline and 1, 2, and 3 years. The data were analyzed using non-parametric tests (p = 0.05).ResultsEighty Class II restorations were evaluated. After 3-years, 4 restorations (5%) failed, 1 SDR + CeramX, and 3 CeramX restorations. The annual failure rate (AFR) of the restorations was 1.7%. The SDR + CeramX group revealed an AFR of 0.8%, and the CeramX group an AFR of 2.5% (p > 0.05). Regarding anatomical form and marginal adaptation, significant alterations were observed in the CeramX group after 3-years (p < 0.05). The changes in the color match were observed in each group over time (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe use of SDR demonstrated good clinical durability in deep Class II resin composite restorations.

Eighteen-month clinical performance of preheated nanoceramic resin-based composites in Class I occlusal cavities: A randomized clinical trial.

Aims:This study aimed to evaluate the effect of preheated nanoceramic resin-based composite (RBC) (Ceram-X-Mono) placed in Class I occlusal cavities over a period of 18 months.Settings and Design:This study involves split-mouth design, randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT)Materials and Methods:One operator restored 60 Class I occlusal cavities in 24 patients. Preheating of nanoceramic RBC to 60°C for 10 min was performed before insertion of the material into 30 prepared cavities, whereas 30 restorations in the nonpreheated group were placed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Two observers evaluated the restorations using Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI) criteria at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months.Statistical Analysis:Kappa index, Friedman and Wilcoxon matched pair test, and Krushal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis.Results:100% retention rates were seen in both the groups. In nonpreheated group, significant difference was observed for surface staining (P = 0.0001), color stability (P = 0.0277), anatomic form (P = 0.0431), and marginal adaptation (P = 0.0051), whereas in preheated group, significant increase in surface staining (P = 0.0051) was recorded. There was a statistically significant difference observed between the preheated and nonpreheated groups at different time periods for the tested clinical parameters.Conclusion:Within the limitations of this RCT of 18 months, preheated nanoceramic RBC restorations showed better clinical performance compared to nonpreheated group.

Between Form and Molecule: Investigating the Beyond in Chris Colfer’s The Wishing Spell

Fairy tales permeate the world with a magical charm, but time has brought changes in fairy tale narration, mode, context and interpretations. Under the post structural lens, the undertaken research investigates the transformations that occur at molecular level, beyond the physical and molar corporeality among selected characters in the fairy tale, The wishing spell (2013). The focus is not the examination of changes in physical anatomic structure or form of the selected characters, rather the exploration of body’s capability and potentials of undergoing phenomenological transformations through the lens of becoming molecular by Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari (1987). Becoming molecular promotes the idea that instead of comprehending the whole form of an issue, a fragment or molecule needs to be comprehended as it makes it easy to understand the entire form of problem. Becoming molecular is an internal or mind attachment of the body to another entity and the attachment or link is beyond the physical form of corporal state of being. The undertaken research endeavors to map multiple occurrences of becoming molecular in the characters of Snow White and the Evil Queen, by following the thematic model of textual analysis by Miles and Huberman (2014). The findings reveal that becoming molecular is an endless process that emerges in unlimited molecular links amid two different bodies. These links illuminate profound insights by influencing thoughts and bringing changes in actions and behavior. The changes cannot be perceived through senses as in the physical world. These links do not disrupt the physical appearance of either body, rather bring changes at molecular level.

Short-term effect of adhesive system on clinical performance of bulk fill composite

Aim: Although bulk fill composites have been widely used as restorative material, there is no consensus regarding the best clinical protocol in terms of composite technique and adhesive system. Therefore, this clinical trial evaluated the clinical performance of bulk fill composites for class I restorations under different protocols. Methods: A randomized clinical trial including 155 class I restorations was conducted using different adhesive systems: conventional technique (phosphoric acid + conventional three-step adhesive system) (Group 1, 2 and 3); or self-etching adhesive system (Groups 4, 5 and 6). Control groups 1 and 4 were restored with conventional composite; groups 2 and 5 with low viscosity bulk fill and conventional composite as occlusal coverage; groups 3 and 6 with high viscosity bulk fill. The FDI criteria was used for clinical evaluation at baseline and after 6 months. Results: All groups showed good clinical performance. At baseline, the adhesive system did not affect postoperative hypersensitivity. After 6 months, group 5 showed a significant reduction in color and translucency; group 6 a reduction in terms of anatomical form and for postoperative sensitivity and an improvement in patient satisfaction (p&lt;0.05). Considering the same restorative technique, the use of the self-etching adhesive system showed a significant decrease in color and translucency (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: All groups showed favorable clinical performance, and promising results were found for the conventional adhesive system and high viscosity bulk fill protocol.

P059 Etiological profile of childhood uveitis in a Tunisian population: a 12-year retrospective study

Abstract Background Uveitis in children represents 10% of all cases of uveitis. It is a serious condition with an often-insidious onset and evolution, and has a negative impact on visual prognosis with a risk of amblyopia or even blindness. The etiologies are varied. the aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and etiological characteristics of childhood uveitis during a period of 12 years. Methods A descriptive retrospective study including 138 children (276 eyes) with uveitis, was conducted at the Ophthalmology Department of Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital in Monastir Tunisia between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2017. Results The patients average age was 10.2 ± 3,58. A female predominance was noted (sex ratio: 0.91). Uveitis was bilateral in 2/3 of cases and unilateral in 1/3 of cases. Vision loss was the most common reason for consultation (52.2%). The mean initial visual acuity was 3,3/10 ± 3,24. Intermediate uveitis was the most common anatomical form (42,02%), followed by anterior uveitis (28,26%), panuveitis (26,08%), and posterior uveitis (3,6%). The infectious origin was the most common aetiology, followed by uveitis related to general condition (13,72%), and uveitis in context of a specific ocular condition (12,3%). Uveitis was idiopathic in 79 patients (57.24%). Periocular injection of triamcinolone acetonide was performed in (29 patients, 21%). The use of immunosuppressives agents was noted in 38 patients (27,5%) (methotrexate: 23 patients, azathioprine: 16 patients, and ciclosporin: 10 patients). The use of intravitreous injections of bevacizumab was noted in 6 patients (4.33%). Anti TNF alpha treatment was used for 2 patients. Post-uveitic complications were noted in 84.3% of cases. They were dominated by cataract (31,88%) at the anterior segment level. Cystoid macular oedema (31,88%) and retinal serous detachment (15,9%) were the major complications in the posterior segment. Mean final visual acuity was 5.98/10 ± 3,54. It was &amp;lt;1/10 in 14 eyes. Conclusion In our study a female predominance was noted. Intermediate uveitis was the most common anatomical form. The infectious origin was preponderant. Post-uveitic complications was dominated at the anterior segment level by cataract and cystoid macular oedema at the posterior segment.