Pineapple Research Articles

Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of pineapple (Ananas comosus) (L.) Merr. industrial waste against common fish and shellfish pathogens

Disposal of industrial pineapple (Ananas comosus) wastes is a pressing environmental issue due to pollution risks when accumulated in large quantities. These wastes are susceptible to microbial spoilage, posing serious environmental and health concerns. Therefore, exploring their conversion into valuable products is crucial for effective waste management. In this study, we assessed the antibiotic properties of pineapple processing wastes against prevalent fish pathogens in aquaculture. The wastes underwent various drying methods: sun-drying (SD), oven-drying (OD), and mechanical dehydration (DH). Ethanol extraction was used to isolate bioactive compounds, which were then tested for antibacterial activity at a concentration of 1000 mg/ml using the Agar Well Diffusion technique and Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) assay. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values were determined across six concentrations: 31.25 mg/ml, 62.50 mg/ml, 125 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml, and 1000 mg/ml. Results indicated that all extracts from different drying processes effectively inhibited all tested aquaculture pathogens. DH extracts showed the highest antibacterial activity against Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, with ZOI of 24.67 + 1.25 mm and 21.67 + 0.47 mm, respectively, and a consistent MIC of 250 mg/ml across all pathogens. SD extracts displayed a MIC of 125 mg/ml against Streptococcus agalactiae, while OD extracts showed a MIC of 1000 mg/ml against Edwardsiella tarda, Aeromonas veronii, and S. agalactiae, and 250 mg/ml against both Vibrio species. Comparative analysis with oxytetracycline did not reveal significant differences. These findings suggest that pineapple waste extracts have potential as natural antibacterial agents against common aquaculture pathogens, offering an eco-friendly alternative to commercial antibiotics.

DRIS nutritional norms and sufficiency range for the perola pineapple cultivation

Pineapple plants needs to be nutritionally balanced to reach maximum productivity potential. Therefore, the most current parameters must be used, centered on plant nutritional status diagnosis methodologies developed through leaf chemical analysis, which consider the relationships between nutrients and take advantage of data from productivity monitoring and foliar diagnosis of crops. This study aimed to establish nutrient norms and sufficiency ranges for pineapple in the Triângulo Mineiro, MG, Brazil, using the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS). To achieve the proposed objectives, productivity data and chemical analysis of leaf tissue from 88 commercial farming plots of 'Pérola’ pineapple, sampled between the 2018 and 2019 harvests, in the Triângulo Mineiro were used. The DRIS method was used to establish the norms and sufficiency ranges of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn. The average nutritional balance index (NBIm) did not correlate with productivity. However, the content of P, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn highly correlated with their respective nutritional indices. The sufficiency ranges and the adequacy levels of nutrients differed from the values established for pineapple in the literature.

Reviving, Reinventing and Rethinking an Indigenous Luxury Textile: Piña Cloth, and Fashion in the Philippines

Piña cloth, or textile woven from the delicate fibers of the pineapple plant used to be the epitome of luxury and high fashion in mid-nineteenth century Philippines. The weaving and wearing of piña experienced a rapid decline largely caused by the influx of British cotton textiles so that by the last half or the 20th century it had all but disappeared. This article analyses the history of reviving piña and its afterlives. It argues that reviving piña resulted in re-inventing new blended forms of the textile (with silk, cotton, and linen), and creating new ones such as piña shifu. Because these blended varieties are cheaper and faster to make, piña has been democratized. The revival process has caused a re-thinking of piña to make it “modern” and “chic”—from adding color to it (as traditionally it was worn in its natural ecru color), turning it into casual or everyday wear, and painting on it to make it wearable art. Finally, the revival project has also altered the status of weavers and challenged gender norms.

Assessing horticulture-based land management impacts on carbon dynamics and soil quality

The present study was carried during 2020 and 2021 at School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development (Nagaland University), Medziphema, Nagaland to study the effects of different horticulture-based land use systems on carbon stock, soil fertility and soil biological health in acidic hill soils of Nagaland. Average values of bulk density of the soils were 1.20 and 1.21 g/cm3 in surface and sub-surface soils, respectively irrespective of type of orchards. The maximum and minimum carbon stock was recorded in pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.] (46.77 and 43.38 mg/ha) and citrus (Citrus spp.) (33.07 and 32.42 mg/ha) orchard soils. Soil microbial biomass carbon in pineapple (270.13 and 244.23 µg/g) and citrus orchard soils (165.64 and 152.49 µg/g) was recorded in surface and sub-surface layers, respectively. Banana (Musa spp.) orchard soils had greater values of dehydrogenase activity (15.26 and 9.83 µg TPF/g/h). Soils of banana orchard also recorded highest acid phosphatase activity (176.0 and 165.5 µg PNP/g/h), which was at par with mango (Mangifera indica L.) orchard soils (175 and 166 µg PNP/g/h). Minimum acid phosphatase activity (162.0 and 150.0 µg PNP/g/h) was recorded in citrus orchard soils. Maximum earthworm population density was recorded in banana orchard (12–20 number/m2) and minimum (4–12 number/m2) in citrus orchards.

Green synthesis of g-C3N4 decorated with SnO2 nanocomposites using a novel Ananas comosus crown extract for boosted performance of asymmetric supercapacitors

The recent development of green chemistry, when preparing nanoparticles using plants and their various parts has received a lot of attention in today's world. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have gained recognition for their recent advances in green synthesis. In this work, the green synthesis of a 2D g-C3N4 nanosheet decorated with SnO2 nanocomposite was prepared by Ananas comosus crown extract for electrochemical storage applications. The novel Ananas comosus crown extract acts as a reducing or capping agent for a green approach. The prepared g-C3N4/SnO2 nanocomposites were studied with structural, functional group, morphological, elemental composition, chemical state, and surface area analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). SnO2 and various concentrations of g-C3N4 (25, 50, 75 & 100 mg) nanocomposite were investigated for electrochemical performance. At a current density of 1 Ag−1, the green synthesized (SnO2/g-C3N4 (50 mg)) SCN-50 nanocomposite displays a high specific capacitance of 302.7 Fg−1, as well as the composite demonstrates excellent capacitance retention of 94 % after 10,000 loops. Moreover, the asymmetric supercapacitor device of SnO2/g-C3N4//Activated carbon performed good reversible and cyclic stability with high energy and power density. The green synthesis of SnO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite has promising electrode materials for future energy storage devices.

Extraction, Purification, Assay, and Antimicrobial activity of Bromelain from Pineapple

Pineapple- Ananas comosus (Morris) is a fruit of the tropics. Bromelain, an enzyme, is extracted from the stem, fruit, skin, pulp, and leaf. The crude enzyme having proteolytic activity was purified and precipitated. Protein estimation and its assay were done by Lowry’s method & GDU respectively. The molecular weight was determined by SDS-PAGE. Bactericidal activity was observed against both Gram-positive bacteria- Streptococcus and Gram-negative Bacteria-Salmonella by well method and tube method.

FORMULATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF THE PREPARATION CROWN ETHANOL EXTRACT SHOWER GEL PINEAPPLE (Apineapple comosus (L.) Merr) AGAINST BACTERIA Staphylococcus aureus

Antibacterial bath soap is in great demand by the public. This is because it is believed to cleanse the skin and can also treat or prevent diseases caused by bacteria. One of the natural ingredients that are efficacious as a natural anti-bacterial is pineapple crown. Pineapple crown extract has secondary metabolites namely alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and triterpenoids/steroids. The purpose of this study was to determine the formulation of liquid bath soap preparations with the use of pineapple crown ethanol extract (ananas comosus (l.) Merr) as liquid bath soap and to determine the potential of pineapple crown ethanol extract liquid bath soap (ananas comosus (l.) Merr) to have antibacterial properties against staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The type of research carried out is an experimental method. The work procedure consists of sample preparation, sample identification, simplisia making, characteristic examination, phytochemical screening, extract making, making liquid shower soap preparations, evaluating liquid shower soap preparations and antibacterial activity tests against staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Pineapple crown ethanol extract is formulated in a shower soap preparation whose formulation uses concentrations of 3%, 5% and 7%. The results of the characterization of pineapple crown simplisia showed a moisture content of 9.50%, water-soluble juice content of 19.88%, soluble juice content in ethanol 13.30%, total ash content of 6.76%, acid insoluble ash content of 1.19%. The results of phytochemical screening testing show pineapple crown contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids/steroids.

The effect of adding pineapple leaf fiber (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) to heat-cured type acrylic resin on impact strength tests

The effect of adding pineapple leaf fiber (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) to heat-cured type acrylic resin on impact strength tests

Effect of Using Alkoxy - Silane (ethoxy silane) Coupling Agent to Enhance the Mechanical Properties of Bio-Composites

This research work investigated the effect of alkoxy silane (ethoxy silane) on the mechanical properties of polyethylene/ dried powdered pine apple peels composite. The pine apple peels was washed in distilled water, sun dried for about eight hours and later oven dried at a temperature of 60oC for about three hours. The dried pine apple peels was pulverized and sieved using a mechanical sieve arranged in descending order of fineness. The alkoxy-silane (ethoxy-silane) coupling agent (2%) was first hydrolyzed in ethanol to deliver the alkoxy functional silane to the interior of the pineapple peels and ion-free water at room temperature for 6 hours. This was followed by addition of the dried powdered pineapple peels into the hydrolyzed coupling agent solution in a reactor at a temperature of about 80 ◦C for 20 minutes. The formed product was oven dried at 110 ◦C for 3 hours and pulverized using a locally made grinding machine and sieved using a set of sieves arranged in descending order of fineness in accordance with BS1377:1990 standard as was reported by Rajan et al., (2007) to obtain pineapple peels coated with the coupling agent (150mμ). The recycled polyethylene waste was washed using distilled water, sun-dried and shredded in a shredding machine. The pineapple peels powder coated with alkoxy silane and the shredded recycled polyethylene waste were blended using a two-roll rheo-mixer at 50°C and a rotor speed of 60 rpm. The percentage of the powdered pineapple peels coated with coupling agent in the recycled polyethylene matrix was varied from 10% to 40% to produce four different compositions. A hydraulic pressing machine was used to compress the produced composites for about ten minutes applying a pressure of about 25 tons at 130°C. The produced composite samples were allowed to cool to room temperature under sustained pressure before being removed from the hydraulic press for various mechanical tests. The impact tests were performed according to ASTM D256 standard using Impact testing machine model EXT94064/6705CE, 300 J. Flexural test was performed using Universal Testing Machine model TUE-C-100, according to ASTM D790. The hardness tests were performed according to ASTM D785 standard using Rockwell Scale K hardness testing machine. The results showed that maximum flexural strength of 10.8MPa and 384Hv were recorded at 40wt.% reinforcement. The developed composite can be used applications where moderate strength will be required.

Fermented Ananas comosus and Carica papaya harbour putative probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strains with inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the condition represented by persistent hyperglycaemia, owing to the altered glucose metabolism. The current research aims to assess the capabilities of strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that were obtained from fermented Ananas comosus (A. comosus) and Carica papaya (C. papaya) (non-dairy sources) as probiotics for the prevention of DM. The capacity of the strains to endure or survive extreme conditions was evaluated using bile tolerance using oxgall at varying concentrations, hydrophobicity, coaggregation ability, adhesion ability, and hemolytic activity, and their survival rate in gastric and intestinal juices. The LAB strains demonstrated the following results: phenol (>7 Log CFU/mL), acid-bile conditions (6.53–7.11 Log CFU/mL), gastric and intestinal juice tolerance (6.18–7.33 Log CFU/mL), thereby fulfilling the requirements to be a prospective probiotic agent. The LAB strains showed characteristics of cell surface hydrophobicity (≥ 40 %), autoaggregation (≥ 70 %), and coaggregation (≤ 48 %). Furthermore, they demonstrated antioxidant activity (≥ 59 %) as well as the ability to lower blood sugar levels by inhibiting α-glucosidase (≤ 57 %) and α-amylase (≤ 64 %). The development of antidiabetic probiotics from fermented papaya and pineapple has several potential uses. These probiotics may be used as functional foods or supplements to improve glycemic control in individuals with DM. They may also be used as adjunct therapies to conventional diabetes treatments to enhance their efficacy. The results of this research may pave way for creating probiotic products that function as food additives or supplements, with the aim of enhancing health and preventing long-term illnesses like diabetes. Additionally, probiotics have been proven to boost intestinal health, regulate the immune system, and decrease inflammation.

Evaluation of the potential of treatments by NaOH and tannic acid of pineapple leaf (Ananas comosus) fiber used as reinforcement in coating mortars

In an attempt to contribute to the mitigation of environmental impacts caused by the construction sector, several studies on biodegradable components have been carried out. One example is the addition of lignocellulosic reinforcing fibers in cementitious matrices to replace synthetic fibers (glass and polypropylene). These vegetable fibers increase the tensile strength of the composites in question only after being subjected to surface treatments that guarantee a reduction in their hydrophilicity and durability in alkaline matrices. In this sense, the objective of this work is to evaluate the potential of surface treatments based on NaOH and tannic acid (C76H52O46) on pineapple leaf fiber (Ananas comosus) with concentrations of 2 %, 4 %, 6 %, 8 % and 10 % by mass. The material with treatment was used as an addition in proportions of 0 % (reference) and 3 % in relation to the mass of Portland cement in the production of mortars in a proportion of 1:1:6 (cement: lime: sand). In addition to microstructural characterizations of the fibers, the experimental program included fresh, hardened and durability tests. From the results, it was found that both treatments are capable of reducing the content of amorphous components of the fibers related to the hydrophilicity of this material and interference with the hydration of the cement. Fiber-reinforced mortars treated with 2 % and 4 % C76H52O46 demonstrate superior mechanical performance compared to other groups, as well as improving the workability of the matrix in the fresh state.

Characterization of 3D printable Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol composite filament reinforced with agricultural waste derived from pineapple plant

Characterization of 3D printable Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol composite filament reinforced with agricultural waste derived from pineapple plant

In Vivo Glycemic Response of Fruit-Based Mango (Mangifera indica) and Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Bars in In Vitro and In Silico Enzyme Inhibitory Effects Studies.

The habitual consumption of snacks has the potential to enrich or harm the diet. They can contribute to excessive caloric intake and hyperglycemia. Thus, there is an increasing interest in snacks with health-promoting properties. This study aimed to demonstrate the beneficial effect of two fruit-based bars on glucose levels through in vitro, in vivo, and in silico assays. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) bars (MB and PB) were prepared, and chemical composition, postprandial glycemic response, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) were evaluated. The inhibitory effect of fruit bar extracts on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity and their respective molecular docking was assessed. MB and PB showed the lowest postprandial glycemic response vs. the control bar (p < 0.005), a lower GI (CB: 64.20, PB: 53.20, MB: 40.40), and a GL of 10.9 (CB), 7.9 (PB), and 6.1 (MB), (p < 0.05). MB and PB showed the highest inhibition % of α-amylase (61.44 and 59.37%, respectively) and α-glucosidase (64.97 and 64.57%). Naringenin (-1692.5985 and -2757.674 kcal/mol) and ferulic acid (-1692.8904 and -2760.3513 kcal/mol) exhibited more favorable interaction energies against α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity. The presence of polyphenols from the fruit influenced enzymatic inhibition. Likewise, the dietary fiber in the bars evaluated allowed us to observe a positive effect that favors glycemic control, making them a healthy alternative for snacking.

Characterization of Six Ampeloviruses Infecting Pineapple in Reunion Island Using a Combination of High-Throughput Sequencing Approaches.

The cultivation of pineapple (Ananas comosus) is threatened worldwide by mealybug wilt disease of pineapple (MWP), whose etiology is not yet fully elucidated. In this study, we characterized pineapple mealybug wilt-associated ampeloviruses (PMWaVs, family Closteroviridae) from a diseased pineapple plant collected from Reunion Island, using a high-throughput sequencing approach combining Illumina short reads and Nanopore long reads. Reads co-assembly resulted in complete or near-complete genomes for six distinct ampeloviruses, including the first complete genome of pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus 5 (PMWaV5) and that of a new species tentatively named pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus 7 (PMWaV7). Short reads data provided high genome coverage and sequencing depths for all six viral genomes, contrary to long reads data. The 5' and 3' ends of the genome for most of the six ampeloviruses could be recovered from long reads, providing an alternative to RACE-PCRs. Phylogenetic analyses did not unveil any geographic structuring of the diversity of PMWaV1, PMWaV2 and PMWaV3 isolates, supporting the current hypothesis that PMWaVs were mainly spread by human activity and vegetative propagation.

Impact Assessment of Chemical Dose Variations on Projected Soda and Kraft Pulping of Ananas comosus Crown Waste

Impact Assessment of Chemical Dose Variations on Projected Soda and Kraft Pulping of Ananas comosus Crown Waste

Overexpression of AcWRKY31 Increases Sensitivity to Salt and Drought and Improves Tolerance to Mealybugs in Pineapple.

Pineapple is a globally significant tropical fruit, but its cultivation faces numerous challenges due to abiotic and biotic stresses, affecting its quality and quantity. WRKY transcription factors are known regulators of stress responses, however, their specific functions in pineapple are not fully understood. This study investigates the role of AcWRKY31 by overexpressing it in pineapple and Arabidopsis. Transgenic pineapple lines were obtained using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods and abiotic and biotic stress treatments. Transgenic AcWRKY31-OE pineapple plants showed an increased sensitivity to salt and drought stress and an increased resistance to biotic stress from pineapple mealybugs compared to that of WT plants. Similar experiments in AcWRKY31-OE, AtWRKY53-OE, and the Arabidopsis Atwrky53 mutant were performed and consistently confirmed these findings. A comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed 5357 upregulated genes in AcWRKY31-OE pineapple, with 30 genes related to disease and pathogen response. Notably, 18 of these genes contained a W-box sequence in their promoter region. A KEGG analysis of RNA-Seq data showed that upregulated DEG genes are mostly involved in translation, protein kinases, peptidases and inhibitors, membrane trafficking, folding, sorting, and degradation, while the downregulated genes are involved in metabolism, protein families, signaling, and cellular processes. RT-qPCR assays of selected genes confirmed the transcriptomic results. In summary, the AcWRKY31 gene is promising for the improvement of stress responses in pineapple, and it could be a valuable tool for plant breeders to develop stress-tolerant crops in the future.

Temuan Baru Ekstrak Kulit Nanas Sebagai Potensi Antidiabetes pada Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Diinduksi Streptozotocin

Diabetes mellitus is chronic and metabolic disease which occurs because of the increase of blood glucose level or hyperglycemia caused the body which cannot produce or use insulin effectively. Hyperglycemia has a glucotoxic effect resulting in an increase in ROS (reactive oxygen species) thus inducing liver pathogenesis which promotes severe inflammatory and apoptotic responses, as indicated by an increase in the SGPT enzyme. The pineapple peel contains flavonoid. It is known of having a strong antioxidant activity. With the giving of pineapple peel extract, it is expected to decrease the blood glucose level. This research to find out the the effect of pineapple peel extract (Ananas comusus L. Merr) on decreasing blood glucose levels and SGPT levels in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by streptozotocin. This research is an experimental study with a research design of pretest and posttest control group design. The samples consisted of 18 rats divided into 6 groups consisted of: normal control, negative control, and positive control group given metformin, and pineapple peel extract with dose 200mg/KgBW, 300mg/KgBW and 500mg/KgBW for 28 days and the measurement of the rats blood glucose was conducted by blood glucose test meter at day 1, day 4 (after post inductionof STZ 45mg/KgBW given by intraperitoneal), and day 29. The analysis result of One Way ANOVA showed that pineapple peel extract with dose 200mg/KgBW, 300mg/KgBW, and 500mg/KgBW decrease the blood glucose level significant (p-value&lt;0,05) with negative control group. There was no significant difference between 200mg/KgBW, 300mg/KgBW and 500mg/KgBW compared with positive control (p&gt;0.05). There was an effect of pineapple peel extract administration on the SGPT levels of STZ-induced rats with a dose of 200mg/kg BW, 300mg/kg BW, 500mg/kg BW (p-value &lt;0.05). The administration of 300mg/kg BW pineapple peel extract had the highest decrease in SGPT levels compared to other groups. Pineapple peel extract (Ananas comosus L. Merr) can reduce blood glucose leveland SGPT levels in rats induced by streptozotocin with the greatest reduction at dose 300mg/KgBW.

Isolation and Characterization of Different Compounds Present in Pineapple -Ananas Comosus

Pineapple is a sub-tropical fruit grown in India, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Maldives and many more. It has a juicy taste and flavour and has been used from the historical ages and used for different purposes like cardiovascular effects, antianginal, wound healing, anticancer, osteoarthritis, antidiarrheal, and anti-aging properties. There are different important phytoconstituents available in different parts of pineapple like root, peel, core, and leaves like flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, amino acids, and many more. Most important is Bromelain which is a very good enzyme having proteolytic activity, burn wound healing activity, and good digestive properties. Due to enormous uses in versatile pharmacological profiles, there are numerous formulations that have also been discovered. These formulations are overcoming the side effects of synthetic drugs and playing a crucial role in herbal drug technology. Bromelain is a complex enzyme and different amino acids are present in it. Many researchers are trying to isolate and are trying to establish unknown pharmacological activity. The pineapple is a magic fruit and many more are yet to be discovered.

A Comparative Analysis of Pineapples (Ananas Comosus) from Different Bioethanol Sources Available in the Philippines

Due to the oxidation of CO2, SO2, and NOX, a depletion of fossil fuels has been occurring which develops an environmental impact as time goes by. Bioethanol has grown in popularity not just as a chemical feedstock, an industrial solvent, or a beverage, but also as a vehicle fuel option in recent years. Thus, this study will introduce the feasibility of pineapples (Ananas Comosus) as an ethanol substrate in comparison with other documented feedstocks in the Philippines. The researchers will conduct an experiment that will introduce the feasibility of pineapples with the help of data gathered from past studies. The experiment will include major processes which are extraction, dilution, sugar adjustment, pH adjustment, chemical pasteurization, aerobic and anaerobic fermentation, siphoning, distillation, and observation days to come up with the desired data and be able to compare it with the other bioethanol produced. In addition to that, such guidance was sought by the Department of Science and Technology. Thus, the effectiveness and success of the experiment will help eliminate the contribution of pollution with the introduction of pineapple’s bioethanol components and further avoid using fossil fuel. Within the comparative analysis made, future researchers can rely on the study made for a greener community we all aspire to have.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Bromelain: Applications, Benefits, and Mechanisms.

Bromelain is a mixture of proteolytic enzymes primarily extracted from the fruit and stem of the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus). It has a long history of traditional medicinal use in various cultures, particularly in Central and South America, where pineapple is native. This systematic review will delve into the history, structure, chemical properties, and medical indications of bromelain. Bromelain was first isolated and described in the late 19th century by researchers in Europe, who identified its proteolytic properties. Since then, bromelain has gained recognition in both traditional and modern medicine for its potential therapeutic effects.