Analytical Modalities Research Articles

Universal Sample Preparation Unlocking Multimodal Molecular Tissue Imaging.

A new tissue sample embedding and processing method is presented that provides downstream compatibility with numerous different histological, molecular biology, and analytical techniques. The methodology is based on the low temperature embedding of fresh frozen specimens into a hydrogel matrix composed of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and sectioning using a cryomicrotome. The hydrogel was expected not to interfere with standard tissue characterization methods, histologically or analytically. We assessed the compatibility of this protocol with various mass spectrometric imaging methods including matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI), desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). We also demonstrated the suitability of the universal protocol for extraction based molecular biology techniques such as rt-PCR. The integration of multiple analytical modalities through this universal sample preparation protocol offers the ability to study tissues at a systems biology level and directly linking results to tissue morphology and cellular phenotype.

New directions in chimeric antigen receptor T cell [CAR-T] therapy and related flow cytometry.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells provide a promising approach to the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Flow cytometry is a powerful analytical modality, which plays an expanding role in all stages of CAR T therapy, from lymphocyte collection, to CAR T cell manufacturing, to in vivo monitoring of the infused cells and evaluation of their function in the tumor environment. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the new directions is important for designing and implementing CAR T-related flow cytometry assays in the clinical and investigational settings. However, the speed of new discoveries and the multitude of clinical and preclinical trials make it challenging to keep up to date in this complex field. In this review, we summarize the current state of CAR T therapy, highlight the areas of emergent research, discuss applications of flow cytometry in modern cell therapy, and touch upon several considerations particular to CAR detection and assessing the effectiveness of CAR T therapy.

Direct observation and analysis of TET-mediated oxidation processes in a DNA origami nanochip.

DNA methylation and demethylation play a key role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression; however, a series of oxidation reactions of 5-methyl cytosine (5mC) mediated by ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes driving demethylation process are yet to be uncovered. To elucidate the relationship between the oxidative processes and structural factors of DNA, we analysed the behavior of TET-mediated 5mC-oxidation by incorporating structural stress onto a substrate double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) using a DNA origami nanochip. The reactions and behaviors of TET enzymes were systematically monitored by biochemical analysis and single-molecule observation using atomic force microscopy (AFM). A reformative frame-like DNA origami was established to allow the incorporation of dsDNAs as 5mC-containing substrates in parallel orientations. We tested the potential effect of dsDNAs present in the tense and relaxed states within a DNA nanochip on TET oxidation. Based on enzyme binding and the detection of oxidation reactions within the DNA nanochip, it was revealed that TET preferred a relaxed substrate regardless of the modification types of 5-oxidated-methyl cytosine. Strikingly, when a multi-5mCG sites model was deployed to further characterize substrate preferences of TET, TET preferred the fully methylated site over the hemi-methylated site. This analytical modality also permits the direct observations of dynamic movements of TET such as sliding and interstrand transfer by high-speed AFM. In addition, the thymine DNA glycosylase-mediated base excision repair process was characterized in the DNA nanochip. Thus, we have convincingly established the system's ability to physically regulate enzymatic reactions, which could prove useful for the observation and characterization of coordinated DNA demethylation processes at the nanoscale.

Molecular Imaging and In Situ Quantitative Profiling of Fatty Acid Synthase with a Chemical Probe.

Cancer cells rely on fatty acid synthase (FASN), a key enzyme for de novo biosynthesis of long chain fatty acids, to sustain their proliferative potential and drive invasion. Unfortunately, conventional FASN assays are technically inadequate for discerning otherwise elusive FASN activity in complex biological milieux, which has hindered progress in the functional study of FASN and development of its inhibitors. Here, we describe a chemical probe with unprecedented selectivity and sensitivity for the labeling of active FASN in living cells, thus demonstrating a new analytical modality for visualizing endogenous FASN activity and exploring opportunities for drug discovery.

Customizable, engineered substrates for rapid screening of cellular cues

Biophysical cues robustly direct cell responses and are thus important tools for in vitro and translational biomedical applications. High throughput platforms exploring substrates with varying physical properties are therefore valuable. However, currently existing platforms are limited in throughput, the biomaterials used, the capability to segregate between different cues and the assessment of dynamic responses. Here we present a multiwell array (3 × 8) made of a substrate engineered to present topography or rigidity cues welded to a bottomless plate with a 96-well format. Both the patterns on the engineered substrate and the well plate format can be easily customized, permitting systematic and efficient screening of biophysical cues. To demonstrate the broad range of possible biophysical cues examinable, we designed and tested three multiwell arrays to influence cardiomyocyte, chondrocyte and osteoblast function. Using the multiwell array, we were able to measure different cell functionalities using analytical modalities such as live microscopy, qPCR and immunofluorescence. We observed that grooves (5 μm in size) induced less variation in contractile function of cardiomyocytes. Compared to unpatterned plastic, nanopillars with 127 nm height, 100 nm diameter and 300 nm pitch enhanced matrix deposition, chondrogenic gene expression and chondrogenic maintenance. High aspect ratio pillars with an elastic shear modulus of 16 kPa mimicking the matrix found in early stages of bone development improved osteogenic gene expression compared to stiff plastic. We envisage that our bespoke multiwell array will accelerate the discovery of relevant biophysical cues through improved throughput and variety.

Characterizing anecdotal claims of groundwater contamination in shale energy basins

The increased societal monitoring of unconventional oil and gas development (UD) has brought forth tremendous scrutiny over the environmental stewardship and subsequent public health impacts of surface and sub-surface activities. Concerns over groundwater quality in shale energy basins have prompted concerned citizens into monitoring UD activities for a series of qualitative parameters, and even coordinating sampling efforts for chemical analysis. Here we present a list of analytical parameters, hierarchically structured to guide concerned citizens through an efficient and cost-effective monitoring program. Utilizing this multi-step testing regime, we assessed groundwater quality from 36 private water wells involved in 19 anecdotal claims of alleged UD-related contamination across the Barnett, Eagle Ford, Haynesville, and Marcellus Shale formations in the United States. Our analytical findings aligned with the landowners' accounts of their situation in only 5 of the 36 collected samples, with several cases revealing environmental abnormalities that were unbeknownst to the landowners but likely unrelated to UD activities. These data are some of the first to assess the relationship between landowner perception and analytical determination in a cohort of highly variable anecdotal cases of alleged groundwater contamination, revealing a notable disconnect that is likely attributable to a myriad of societal and environmental factors. The analytical modalities presented here also serve as a step-wise method in a weight of evidence approach to assess the presence or absence of anthropogenic contamination under the most variable hydrogeological conditions.

Genetic Insights Into Smooth Muscle Cell Contributions to Coronary Artery Disease.

Coronary artery disease is a complex cardiovascular disease involving an interplay of genetic and environmental influences over a lifetime. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding lifestyle risk factors, genetic factors identified from genome-wide association studies may capture additional hidden risk undetected by traditional clinical tests. These genetic discoveries have highlighted many candidate genes and pathways dysregulated in the vessel wall, including those involving smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation and injury responses. Here, we summarize experimental evidence for a few genome-wide significant loci supporting their roles in smooth muscle cell biology and disease. We also discuss molecular quantitative trait locus mapping as a powerful discovery and fine-mapping approach applied to smooth muscle cell and coronary artery disease-relevant tissues. We emphasize the critical need for alternative genetic strategies, including cis/trans-regulatory network analysis, genome editing, and perturbations, as well as single-cell sequencing in smooth muscle cell tissues and model organisms, under both normal and disease states. By integrating multiple experimental and analytical modalities, these multidimensional datasets should improve the interpretation of coronary artery disease genome-wide association studies and molecular quantitative trait locus signals and inform candidate targets for therapeutic intervention or risk prediction.

Membrane- and plate-type acoustic metamaterials with elastic unit cell edges

Membrane- and plate-type acoustic metamaterials are thin membranes or plates consisting of periodic unit cells with small added masses. It has been shown in numerous studies, that these metamaterials exhibit tunable anti-resonances with transmission loss values much higher than the corresponding mass-law. However, in most studies it is assumed that the unit cell edges (or grid) of the metamaterial are fixed. This idealised boundary condition is not applicable to real world applications in noise control. Therefore, the acoustic performance of these metamaterials under more realistic circumstances, where the grid structure cannot be perfectly rigid, can be expected to be different. In this contribution, the vibro-acoustic behavior of membrane- and plate-type acoustic metamaterials with a non-rigid grid is investigated. For this purpose, an efficient analytical model is developed to predict the eigenmodes and sound transmission loss of such metamaterials. In this model, elastic unit cell edges are modelled using a grid of Euler-Bernoulli beams and the sound transmission loss can be calculated for oblique incidence. A comparison to FEM simulations shows that the proposed model yields the same results but with a considerably reduced computational effort. The analytical model is then used to discuss the vibro-acoustic properties of the metamaterial, with particular focus on the influence of the mass and stiffness of the grid beams. It is shown that even when a non-rigid grid and diffuse incident sound fields are considered, the transmission loss of the metamaterial exhibits anti-resonances with remarkably high noise reduction values. These anti-resonances can be tuned by choosing appropriate values of the grid parameters. Furthermore, the formation of band gaps in the propagation of bending waves is discussed by investigating the dispersion curves of the metamaterial. The results in this contribution show that membrane- and plate-type acoustic metamaterials can still efficiently reduce low-frequency noise, even when the unit cell edges are not assumed to be fixed. This important finding and the proposed analytical modal can support the utilization of these metamaterials in practical noise control applications.

Case–non-case studies: Principle, methods, bias and interpretation

Case-non-case studies are among the methods used to assess drug safety by analyzing the disproportionality of adverse drug reaction reports in pharmacovigilance databases. First used in the 1980s, the last few decades have seen a significant increase in the use of this study design. The principle of case-non-case studies is to compare the drug exposure of cases of an adverse reaction of interest with that of cases with other reported reactions and called "non-cases". Their results are presented in the form of reporting odds ratio (ROR), the interpretation of which makes it possible to highlight pharmacovigilance signals. This article describes the principle of case-non-case studies, the calculation method of the ROR and its confidence interval, the different analytical modalities and how to interpret its results with regard to the advantages and limitations of this type of study.

Evaluation of lesion burden in a bone-by-bone comparison of osteological and radiological methods of analysis

ObjectiveTo evaluate differences in lesion identification in skeletal remains with respect to bone type and method of analysis. Materials212 mostly 19th century adult skeletons from St. Bride’s Church in London. MethodsUsing a standard protocol, an osteologist evaluated each set of remains for lesions. A radiologist used the same system to examine radiographs of the crania, humeri, pelves, tibiae, and femora. ResultsOsteological analysis noted more lesions per bone type. All bone types examined showed positive, statistically significant correlations between the number of lesions identified by each analytical method. The humerus, tibia, and femur exhibited the strongest correlations. The pelvis exhibited the weakest correlation. For the cranium and pelvis, males showed stronger correlations. ConclusionsSex-related differences in correlations were likely influenced by the presence, in females, of lesions affecting the entire skeleton (e.g., osteoporosis). Greater correlations between analytical modalities were observed for long bones. SignificanceOur findings quantify the contexts in which radiological and osteological evaluations converge and diverge and discuss the implications of these results for lesion burden interpretation. LimitationsGeneralizability, potential subjectivity of evaluative methods. Suggestions for Further ResearchAssessment of another study collection using the same methods, to determine if the similar correlations are observed.

Rationality and Subjectivity in Preliminary Analysis of Acquisition Options of Technical Systems

Abstract Modeling the acquisition decision and, consequently, managing the capabilities of technical systems involves multiple options that need to be optimized first, based on universal constraints such as time, quality, cost, etc. The criterion of use (private or institutional), according to which analyzes can evolve differently, is also important. Regardless of the way in which these considerations are taken, there is always a difference of approach given by the quantitative and / or qualitative tools used but also by biases, heuristics and mindsets. The article analyzes succinctly, on an example of calculation (based on a matrix used in the theory of decision to evaluate the different alternatives made available, when we have a basic model to be referred to), the universe of these analytical modalities, underlining the idea of making analyzes using a maximum level of objectivity and minimizing as much as possible subjectivism. It has been chosen as a way of applying the field of procurement of technical systems with the possibility of highlighting as many aspects as possible on the decisional criteria. Critical analysis of the robustness of the choices made by the human factor as a rational decision-maker is presented, as it is seen in the classical economic theory, but taking into account the limitations highlighted by modern theories in the fields of psychology and information theory

Early Clinical Experience in a Year One Medical Neuroscience Course Enhances Students’ Performance

Students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of their interaction with patients is known to be correlated with their performance in the clinical rotations. Whether such an experience is correlated with the academic performance in a year one neuroscience course is not clear. Year one medical students were allowed to interact in small groups with patients suffering from neurological diseases. The small group sessions were followed by a large group debriefing session to discuss their experience following the patient interaction. Students were administered two structured surveys, a pre-test and a post-test, to evaluate their pre-session expectations and post-session satisfaction with their interaction with patients. The post-test survey results were correlated by objective with formative and summative examination scores. There was a positive correlation between students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of their interaction with patients and their performance on the formative examination (R2 = 0.315). The correlation was higher and significant (R2 = 0.774) between students’ interaction with patients and the summative examination. For students’ perception of the interaction with patients, questions on integration of the nervous system (OR = 3.449, p = 0.002), analytical and imaging modalities (OR = 1.513, p = 0.045), and abnormalities in the nervous system (OR = 2.117, p = 0.034) were significantly associated with students’ satisfaction of their interaction with patients. When a similar analysis was performed on the summative examination, five learning objectives revealed significant association: integrated functions of the nervous system (OR = 3.617, p = 0.005), structure of the nervous system (OR = 1.961, p = 0.021), analytical and imaging modalities (OR = 2.212, p = 0.031), orientation of anatomical features (OR = 1.512, p = 0.037), and abnormalities in the nervous system (OR = 2.413, p = 0.002). Interaction with patients with neurological diseases was positively correlated with the students’ academic performance.

BCNTB bioinformatics: the next evolutionary step in the bioinformatics of breast cancer tissue banking.

Here, we present an update of Breast Cancer Now Tissue Bank bioinformatics, a rich platform for the sharing, mining, integration and analysis of breast cancer data. Its modalities provide researchers with access to a centralised information gateway from which they can access a network of bioinformatic resources to query findings from publicly available, in-house and experimental data generated using samples supplied from the Breast Cancer Now Tissue Bank. This in silico environment aims to help researchers use breast cancer data to their full potential, irrespective of any bioinformatics barriers. For this new release, a complete overhaul of the IT and bioinformatic infrastructure underlying the portal has been conducted and a host of novel analytical modules established. We developed and adopted an automated data selection and prioritisation system, expanded the data content and included tissue and cell line data generated from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, designed a host of novel analytical modalities and enhanced the query building process. Furthermore, the results are presented in an interactive format, providing researchers with greater control over the information on which they want to focus. Breast Cancer Now Tissue Bank bioinformatics can be accessed at http://bioinformatics.breastcancertissuebank.org/.

Defining the role of Lgr5+ stem cells in colorectal cancer: from basic research to clinical applications

Editorial summaryIntestinal epithelium is structured by two distinct components: the villi and the crypts. The crypts harbor stem cells expressing Lgr5 and thus have been a representative model to study tissue stem cell functions. Recent advances in organoid technology and analytical modalities have enabled precise characterization of Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells, providing insights into their roles in homeostasis and cancer.

GENT-23. MOLECULAR PATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ON IDH-WILDTYPE ADULT LOW-GRADE GLIOMAS

More than 90% of adult diffuse low-grade glioma have the IDH1/2 mutation. Diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutants also often harbor TP53 and ATRX mutation and oligodendroglioma have 1p/19q co-deletion. In contrast, diffuse gliomas lacking IDH mutation are rare and their molecular pathological features are not well understood. Therefore, to reveal the clinical and molecular characteristics of IDH-wildtype adult low-grade glioma, we applied multi-omics analysis to these tumors. IDH-wildtype diffuse gliomas and corresponding normal peripheral blood cells were collected from five neurosurgical facilities. Initial pathological diagnoses were made by the neuropathologist at each hospital. A few of these tumors that were detected to have IDH mutation by exome sequencing were excluded and further analyses using Illumina Infinium 450K array and RNA-sequencing were performed on the remaining 18 cases. Among these 18 cases, consensus diagnoses made by senior neuro-pathologists suggested that three cases that had KRAS, BRAF or NF1 mutation were pilocytic astrocytomas, one case with H3F3AK27M mutation was glioblastoma, and three case that had mutations in genes related to the EGFR/PI3K/PTEN signaling pathway were high-grade gliomas. All the remaining 10 tumors were from adult patients older than 20-years of age. The numbers of non-synonymous mutations in these cases varied (median 9, 0-56). The clinical features of these patients also varied greatly; some patients demonstrated a favorable prognosis with Gr.II low-grade gliomas, while other patients died within two years as do most patients with Gr.IV glioblastomas. The methylome analysis showed that these tumors had a similar methylation profile to that of mesenchymal-type glioblastoma. RNA-sequence did not detect any oncogenic fusion gene. In conclusion, IDH-wildtype diffuse gliomas seem to be a heterogeneous tumor group and their clinical courses are difficult to predict. Further molecular stratification of these tumors with advanced analytical modalities is needed.

Scores for standardization of on-tissue digestion of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue in MALDI-MS imaging

On-slide digestion of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded human biopsy tissue followed by mass spectrometry imaging of resulting peptides may have the potential to become an additional analytical modality in future ePathology. Multiple workflows have been described for dewaxing, antigen retrieval, digestion and imaging in the past decade. However, little is known about suitable statistical scores for method comparison and systematic workflow standardization required for development of processes that would be robust enough to be compatible with clinical routine. To define scores for homogeneity of tissue processing and imaging as well as inter-day repeatability for five different processing methods, we used human liver and gastrointestinal stromal tumor tissue, both judged by an expert pathologist to be >98% histologically homogeneous. For mean spectra-based as well as pixel-wise data analysis, we propose the coefficient of determination R2, the natural fold-change (natFC) value and the digest efficiency DE% as readily accessible scores. Moreover, we introduce two scores derived from principal component analysis, the variance of the mean absolute deviation, MAD, and the interclass overlap, Joverlap, as computational scores that may help to avoid user bias during future workflow development. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: MALDI Imaging, edited by Dr. Corinna Henkel and Prof. Peter Hoffmann.

In vitro models for evaluating safety and efficacy of novel technologies for skin drug delivery

For preclinical testing of novel therapeutics, predictive in vitro models of the human skin are required to assess efficacy, absorption and safety. Simple as well as more sophisticated three-dimensional organotypic models of the human skin emerged as versatile and powerful tools simulating healthy as well as diseased skin states. Besides addressing the demands of research and industry, such models serve as valid alternative to animal testing. Recently, the acceptance of several models by regulatory authorities corroborates their role as important building block for preclinical development. However, valid assessment of readout parameters derived from these models requires suitable analytical techniques. Standard analytical methods are mostly destructive and limited regarding in-depth investigation on molecular level. The combination of adequate in vitro models with modern non-invasive analytical modalities bears a great potential to address important skin drug delivery related questions. Topics of interest are for instance the assessment of repeated dosing effects and xenobiotic biotransformation, which cannot be analyzed by destructive techniques. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current in vitro skin models differing in functional complexity and mimicking healthy as well as diseased skin states. Further, benefits and limitations regarding analytical evaluation of efficacy, absorption and safety of novel drug carrier systems applied to such models are discussed along with a prospective view of anticipated future directions. In addition, emerging non-invasive imaging modalities are introduced and their significance and potential to advance current knowledge in the field of skin drug delivery is explored.

Tumor homing indocyanine green encapsulated micelles for near infrared and photoacoustic imaging of tumors.

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging analytical modality that is under intense preclinical development for the early diagnosis of various medical conditions, including cancer. However, the lack of specific tumor targeting by various contrast agents used in PAI obstructs its clinical applications. In this study, we developed indocyanine green (ICG)-encapsulated micelles specific for the CD 44 receptor and used in near infrared and photoacoustic imaging of tumors. ICG was hydrophobically modified prior to loading into hyaluronic acid (HA)-based micelles utilized for CD 44 based-targeting. We investigated the physicochemical characteristics of prepared HA only and ICG-encapsulated HA micelles (HA-ICG micelles). After intravenous injection of tumor-bearing mice, the bio-distribution and in vivo photoacoustic images of ICG-encapsulated HA micelles accumulating in tumors were also investigated. Our study further encourages the application of this HA-ICG-based nano-platform as a tumor-specific contrast agent for PAI.

Screening the geomechanical stability (thermal and mechanical) of shared multi-user CO2 storage assets: A simple effective tool applied to the Captain Sandstone Aquifer

Multi-user storage systems are anticipated in the near future to permanently store CO2 captured at industrial sources to meet emissions reductions targets. Multiple storage permit applications will be required to exploit the immense potential capacity within extensive CO2 storage assets. To retain 99% of the injected CO2 for 1000 years the geomechanical stability of the sealing strata above the pressurised storage reservoir is a key factor which needs to be included in the geo-engineering design of shared storage assets The potential for interaction of increased pressure at multiple injection sites needs to be predicted and assessed at a regional scale to assure the integrity at all existing sites before a storage permit is granted. Geomechanical models coupled with the expected fluid pressure response predict the stability of the storage asset during and after injection of CO2 at multiple injection sites, and can be used as a tool to ensure efficient utilisation of the storage capacity. The geomechanical analysis of the thermal stress as well as local and regional fluid pressure changes requires a detailed numerical evaluation, often at a resolution significantly higher than the data available. Coupling of regional-scale static geological models, dynamic multi-phase flow models and detailed geomechanical models requires extensive computational resources. Such models often produce seemingly detailed results, but are usually only one or two realisations of a system populated by a statistically generated parameter set. Limits on time and computational resources prevent more simulations within fixed time and financial budgets. To enable a more time and cost efficient methodology of assessing the geomechanical stability of potential storage sites we present a four-tier modelling approach with increasing complexity that allows an in-depth evaluation of the geomechanical stability at a regional scale of a multi-user storage asset taking into account the fluid pressure increase and the thermal stress impact on the stability of the strata sealing the CO2 store. The tiers include: (1) development of a geo-mechanical facies model of the storage system, (2) development of an analytical geomechanical model for the storage site static stress conditions, (3) fitting an empirical multivariable polynomial function to the analytical modal, and (4) conditioning the empirical function using coupled numerical THM modelling for dynamic stress conditions. The result is look up function which gives the maximum possible fluid pressure as a function of location. This approach significantly simplifies the computational requirements and time for the prediction of geomechanical behaviour. In addition to presenting this methodology, using the Captain Sandstone of the North Sea as an example, three key findings are further examined. Firstly, detailed analysis of the stress changes as a result of cold fluid injection suggests that the redistribution of thermal stress can, in some cases, be beneficial to the storage system depending on the stress bridging which occurs. Secondly, pressure plume migration over time in dipping strata, from deeper injection sites to shallower sites, needs to be taken into account. Thirdly, the nature of the strata underlying the storage formation is critical to the pressure increase in response to the fluid injection. The methodology developed in this paper enables a rapid and efficient screening of the dynamic geomechanical stability and facilitates an efficient coupling to diverse discrete multiphase fluid flow models using commonly available computational resources.

Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots@SiO2 Nanoparticles as Electrochemiluminescence and Fluorescence Signal Indicators for Magnetically Controlled Aptasensor with Dual Detection Channels.

We proposed a facile method to prepare the nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) doped silica (NGQDs@SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs). The NGQDs@SiO2 NPs were further explored as a versatile signal indicator for ochratoxin A (OTA) aptasensing by combination with electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and fluorescence (FL) detection. In this strategy, the core-shell Fe3O4@Au magnetic beads (MBs) acted as a nanocarrier to immobilize the thiolated aptamer specific for OTA, and the amino modified capture DNA (cDNA) was efficiently tagged with NGQDs@SiO2 NPs. The multifunctional aptasensor was thus fabricated by assembly of the NGQDs@SiO2 NPs onto the surface of Fe3O4@Au MBs through the high specific DNA hybridization between aptamer and cDNA. Upon OTA incubation, the aptamer linked with Fe3O4@Au MBs preferred to form an aptamer-OTA complex, which resulted in the partial release of the preloaded NGQDs@SiO2 NPs. The more OTA molecules in the detection system, the more NGQDs@SiO2 NPs were released into the bulk solution and the less preloaded NGQDs@SiO2 NPs were accumulated on the magnetic electrode surface. This provided a dual channel for OTA detection by combination with the enriched solid-state ECL and homogeneous FL detection. The FL assay exhibits a wide dynamic range and is more reproducible due to the homogeneous detection while the ECL assay possesses a lower detection limit and is preferable by using a cheaper instrument. One can obtain a preliminary screen from FL assay and a more accurate result from ECL assay. Integrating the virtues of dual analytical modality, this aptasensing strategy well-balanced the rapidity, sensitivity, and dynamic range, making it promising to other targets with aptamer sequences.