Development Of Analysis Research Articles

Response of friction joints under different velocity rates

The studies related to the behaviour of steel connections subjected to extreme conditions originated from impact loads have increased in the last few years. However, there is still no consensus on how exactly the whole connection and its individual components behave when subjected to high strain rates, which is translated by the lack of codified design rules. In order to provide a contribution to increase the knowledge on the behaviour of connections under impact loads, in this paper, the response of an innovative friction connection subjected to both quasi-static and rapidly applied loads is examined. This investigation is performed by means of experimental testing, a numerical investigation and analytical developments. A satisfactory agreement between the numerical simulations and the experimental tests was obtained in terms of global and local behaviour of the connection and of its individual components. Afterwards, using the calibrated numerical model, the effect of several parameters were studied: the bending direction, the ductility of the members and the velocity of the application of the load.Finally, an analytical spring model based on the component method currently codified in Eurocode 3 part 1.8 was also developed. This model showed to be able to predict the connection behaviour when subjected to different velocities by just incorporating the strain rate influence on the individual components of the connection.

Legal Regulation of Cross-Border Shipping of Dangerous Goods in the Conditions of Digitalization

The author explores the legal aspects of network space risks, when legal imperatives are laid for the transportation and stay of a consignment of dangerous goods on board a ship. It is concluded that it is difficult to choose the law to be applied. In this regard, the material norms that make up the operational risk space can serve as a guide. Their selection is often a precursor to earning assets net operating profit. At the same time, the variety of legal facts with which the acquirer on arrival of property associates his right to file an ownership claim is formulated either in the contract of connection or accession. Therefore, separate prerequisites for the emergence of business and legal risks at the stage of abandoning consumer insurance in favor of its property qualification are highlighted. The paper shows types of encumbrances that accompany the problems of optimizing the costs of insurance against cyber risks. Even if insurance companies find their offer profitable for customers, the basis of the risk of financial loss is still the recovery of lost data. The insurer is forced to dispose of advanced analytical developments, such as, for example, blockchain or smart contracts that are very common today. Policyholders, in turn, use digital distribution and other virtual service models to not only reduce costs to a minimum, but also gain competitive advantages. The author analyzes the norms of the Convention acts on the transboundary shipping of dangerous goods. The International standards of TV and radio communications ISO/IEC 11801 and ISO/IEC 27001 (ISMS — 2018) are studied, and the conclusion is made that the threat to technological resources is identified with a comprehensive legal strategy for owner protection.

Farm-to-fork… and beyond? A call to incorporate food waste into food systems research

Although food waste is gaining attention as an issue of environmental, social, and economic concern, this topic has only been taken up minimally by food scholars, despite its apparent relevance to food systems scholarship. Through a literature scan of nine food systems journals, we identify and characterize all instances of “food waste” and “food loss” mentions. We find that reference to this important topic is growing within food studies but is still a marginal concept. To help advance the discourse on food wastage, we suggest three potential areas of food systems research that could extend the scholarship, particularly drawing from analytical developments in discard studies. We encourage food studies scholars to consider waste as an intrinsic element of the food systems they study and as a fruitful boundary topic for future research.

Methodology for the Formation of Integrated Strategic Planning for the Socio-Economic Development of Ukraine

In the article, based on the results of many years of scientific and analytical research developments using classical and modern research methods, a set of principles for the formation of complex strategic planning for the socio-economic development of Ukraine is substantiated. A comparative analysis of the methodological support of strategic planning in the conditions of a market economy and in conditions of planned management of the national economy has been carried out. Particular attention is paid to the disclosure of paradoxes and problems in the development of State and regional development strategies: lack of historical continuity of new government decisions; bringing with a delay in time indicators of strategic development after the Second Maidan (November 2013 – February 2014); deliberate rejection of the draft law on state strategic planning in 2011 and 2017; introduction, under external influence, of the centrifugal mechanism of regional development from the integral socio-economic development of the state; ignoring the timely delivery of new decisions to the relevant state, regional and local authorities. The essence and content of the principles of the formation of complex strategic planning of the socio-economic development of Ukraine when they are used at the national and regional levels of management, life and management are revealed. The necessity of urgent use of the principle of spirituality in the conditions of liberalization of the land market in Ukraine has been proved. The use of the principle of harmony based on the proportions of the “Golden Section” between the state and local budgets in the consolidated budget of the state during the transition to budgetary federalism is considered in detail. Emphasized on the need to develop the Strategic Code of Ukraine, and at the first stage – the Planning Code of Ukraine.

OVERVIEW OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT DECISIONS IN THE TERRITORY OF CITIES WITH A WEAKEN WIND MODE

In given exploratory work are given recommendations for scientifically motivated using that or other building action in concrete natural-climatic condition to need undertaking the natural studies and analytical developments, in particular, detailed study of specifics wind features on territory Bishkek.

THE GREATER MEDITERRANEAN IN THE DISCOURSE OF RESEARCH AND EXPERT ANALYTICS CENTERS

The article presents the analysis of current research trends and analytical developments in studies of the Mediterranean as a multi-component region by research and expert analytics institutions. The macro region of the Greater Mediterranean in contemporary world is a hub of international social, cultural and media communication network. Due to the increasing interest in the region, the demand for analyzing specifics of semantic flows and discourse strategies of key think tanks and research institutions of the macro region increases, which, eventually, allows us to update the model of Russia’s use of “soft power” in the region. The authors of the article emphasize that modern Russia is an active player in the macroregion of the Greater Mediterranean. In this regard, Russia’s “smart power” is crucial in the process of building the Greater Mediterranean macro region and promotion of Russia’s image as an important and effective stakeholder in the Mediterranean.

Predictive and exposome analytics: A case study of asthma exacerbation management

The emerging predictive health analytics provides great promise in reducing costs and improving health outcomes. However, most predictive models do not capture environmental exposures that impact health risk patterns in several chronic diseases such as asthma. This gap prompted the development of t he exposome paradigm to improve health intervention and prevention by providing meaningful and understandable feedback on individuals’ collected data and minimizing their exposures to health risks. The exposome paradigm focuses on the simultaneous monitoring of mobility behaviors and measurement of environmental conditions to capture their impact on human health. In this paper, we introduce the concept of exposome analytics that compliments predictive analytics to develop an effective health monitoring and management system. We present the current analytical developments including our ongoing project to manage risks of asthma exacerbations as a case study. Our proposed approach uses a novel exposome assessment paradigm that utilizes the spatio-temporal properties of the data in the model training process and hence results in improving the accuracy of asthma prediction. The quality of the proposed approach is extensively evaluated using real patients and environmental datasets.

Comparing the strength of modular signal, and evaluating alternative modular hypotheses, using covariance ratio effect sizes with morphometric data.

The study of modularity is paramount for understanding trends of phenotypic evolution, and for determining the extent to which covariation patterns are conserved across taxa and levels of biological organization. However, biologists currently lack quantitative methods for statistically comparing the strength of modular signal across datasets, and a robust approach for evaluating alternative modular hypotheses for the same dataset. As a solution to these challenges, we propose an effect size measure ( ) derived from the covariance ratio, and develop hypothesis-testing procedures for their comparison. Computer simulations demonstrate that displays appropriate statistical properties and low levels of mis-specification, implying that it correctly identifies modular signal, when present. By contrast, alternative methods based on likelihood (EMMLi) and goodness of fit (MINT) suffer from high false positive rates and high model mis-specification rates. An empirical example in sigmodontine rodent mandibles is provided to illustrate the utility of for comparing modular hypotheses. Overall, we find that covariance ratio effect sizes are useful for comparing patterns of modular signal across datasets or for evaluating alternative modular hypotheses for the same dataset. Finally, the statistical philosophy for pairwise model comparisons using effect sizes should accommodate any future analytical developments for characterizing modularsignal.

Characterizations of high-activity solid deposit samples from fission products tanks

For dismantling the UP1 reprocessing plant in Marcoule, deposits coming from fission products tanks and evaporators have been characterized in the Atalante facility laboratories and hot cells. Very specific analytical developments have been performed, such as selective Cs decontamination by extraction chromatography and direct analysis of solid residues by L-line XRF. The dissolution process optimizations have resulted in final dissolution residues which dose rate do not exceed 0.1% of the initial aliquot dose rate. These characterizations help determining the composition of the raffinates present in such reprocessing equipment. These data are essential for the definition of remediation scenarios and waste management.

THEORETICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF FORMATION OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

The article studies and analyses the theoretical fundamentals of the formation of the mechanism of the innovative development of entrepreneurship. Today, the global economy is gradually globalizing. No country in the world can avoid its influence on certain spheres of public life. The process of “globalization” affects the development of innovative entrepreneurship. Today, the driving force of the functioning of innovative entrepreneurship in ensuring economic growth is its development and it is one of the main preconditions for the successful functioning of entrepreneurship in various spheres of the economy, an incentive for increasing the efficiency of production. Innovative entrepreneurship is a special innovative process of creating a new, a kind of management, aimed at finding new ideas and opportunities for the commercial use of innovations. Investment and sufficient funding are required for the development of innovative entrepreneurship. It is investigated that the formation of innovative development of entrepreneurship is constantly based on the search for new methods, the general scheme of formation, and the model of innovative development, is based on innovations, new technologies, which involves expanding the boundaries of innovation activity. Innovative entrepreneurship is a process of creating something new, a management process, based on finding new opportunities, an orientation towards innovation. This is associated with the willingness of the entrepreneur to assume the risk of project implementation or improvement of the existing, as well as economic, financial, moral, and social responsibility. Therefore, innovative entrepreneurship is defined as an economic process that leads to the creation of goods (products, services) and technologies, which are best by their properties, through the practical use of innovations. It is analysed that reformation of the economy is a prerequisite that will lead to increasing competitiveness and provide for the renewal of organizational structures in accordance with the best world trends of innovation activity, taking into account the peculiarities of market transformations in the country, and proposes effective measures to improve the efficiency of innovative entrepreneurship development. The level of development of innovative entrepreneurship determines the country’s place in the global space. The low technical level of many sectors of the economy in comparison with industrialized countries (EU, USA) can be overcome only due to the updating of the production base of most enterprises of the country. The development of innovative entrepreneurship in the EU and the USA has become quite successful thanks to individual initiative, creating conditions for the fulfilment of the individual interests of the entrepreneur. Ensuring material wealth, finding appropriate forms of self-expression should represent strong incentives for highly effective work. Therefore, innovative entrepreneurship is considered as the most important tool for the development and transformation of the economic system in terms of modern scientific and technological progress (STP). The use of new types of techniques, management methods, technologies, and organization of production will significantly expand the range, quality, and volume of production, and this will lead to the transformation and reform of the country’s economy. The purpose of the study. The main purpose of the paper is to substantiate and deepen the theoretical and methodological provisions regarding the formation of innovative development of entrepreneurship. The object of the study is the processes that form the innovative development of entrepreneurship. The subject-matter of the research is a set of theoretical fundamentals for improving the formation of innovative development of entrepreneurship. Research methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the modern theories of enterprise management, monographs, publications, and scientific and analytical developments of scientists on the issues of formation of innovative development of entrepreneurship, as well as abstract-logical and graphical methods of research.

Finite-pulse waves for efficient suppression of evolving mesoscale dendrites in rechargeable batteries.

The ramified and stochastic evolution of dendritic microstructures has been a major issue on the safety and longevity of rechargeable batteries, particularly for the utilization of high-energy metallic electrodes. We analytically develop criteria for the pulse characteristics leading to the effective halting of the ramified electrodeposits grown during extensive timescales beyond inter-ionic collisions. Our framework is based on the competitive interplay between diffusion and electromigration and tracks the gradient of ionic concentration throughout the entire cycle of pulse-rest as a critical measure for heterogeneous evolution. In particular, the framework incorporates the Brownian motion of the ions and investigates the role of the geometry of the electrodeposition interface. Our experimental observations verify the analytical developments, where the dimension-free developments allows the application to the electrochemical systems of various scales.

Redox and structural controls on tin isotopic fractionations among magmas

Recent analytical developments have made possible the determination of the isotopic composition of tin in igneous rocks. In order to establish a framework to interpret the mass-dependent tin isotopic signatures of planetary materials, seven geologically-relevant silicate glasses (basalt, rhyolite, enstatite and anorthite glasses) were synthesized with moderate amounts of 119Sn (on the order of a weight percent). Redox conditions were controlled during sample synthesis to set the redox ratio (Sn2+/Sntot) from stannous (Sn2+) to stannic (Sn4+) glasses. The mean force constants of tin bonds in these glasses were determined by synchrotron nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (NRIXS) in order to determine the reduced isotopic partition function ratios (β-factors) of these glasses. Clues on the coordination chemistry and the valence state of tin in these glasses were also derived from synchrotron Mossbauer spectroscopy (SMS). The force constants of tin drastically increases from Sn2+-bearing to Sn4+-bearing glasses and varies significantly with the glass composition at a given redox state. The average coordination number of tin likely controls these variations with glass composition as suggested by SMS results. It is concluded that large isotope fractionation is expected between materials containing Sn2+ and Sn4+ respectively even at magmatic temperatures and that the coordination chemistry of tin in silicates strongly affect its isotope partitioning behavior. Our experimental data are finally used to interpret available Sn isotope data collected in terrestrial rocks. The incompatible behavior of Sn4+ in mantle minerals leads to a enrichment in heavy isotopes in mantle melts and to the depletion in heavy isotopes in solid residues of melting with a magnitude consistent with the isotope fractionation between Sn2+ and Sn4+ predicted by NRIXS data. Finally, we show that during fractional crystallization of basalt and considering the effect of tin coordination number in minerals and melts, the partitioning of Sn4+ into ilmenite leads to an enrichment in light isotopes in the residual melt.

Self-Adaptive High-Frequency Injection Based Sensorless Control for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives

An auto-tuning and self-adaptation procedure for High Frequency Injection (HFI) based position and speed estimation algorithms in Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) drives is proposed in this paper. Analytical developments show that, using conventional approaches, the dynamics of the high-frequency tracking loop varies with differential inductances, which in turn depend on the machine operating point. On-line estimation and adaptation of the small signal gain of the loop is proposed here, allowing accurate auto-tuning of the sensorless control scheme which does not rely on a priori knowledge of the machine parameters. On-line adaptation of Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) gains and of the injected voltage magnitude is also possible, leading to important advantages from the performance, loss and acoustic point of view. The theoretical basis of the method has been introduced first and the main concept demonstrated by means of simulations. Implementation has been carried out using the hardware of a commercial industrial drive and two Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors, namely a prototype and an off-the-shelf machine. Experimental tests demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposal.

Towards mapping turbulence in the intra-cluster medium

Context. X-ray observations of galaxy clusters provide insights into the nature of gaseous turbulent motions, their physical scales, and the fundamental processes to which they are related. Spatially-resolved, high-resolution spectral measurements of X-ray emission lines provide diagnostics on the nature of turbulent motions in emitting atmospheres. Since they are acting on scales comparable to the size of the objects, the uncertainty on these physical parameters is limited by the number of observational measurements, through sample variance. Aims. We propose a different and complementary approach to repeating numerical simulations for the computation of sample variance (i.e. Monte-Carlo sampling) by introducing new analytical developments for lines diagnosis. Methods. We considered the model of a “turbulent gas cloud”, consisting in isotropic and uniform turbulence described by a universal Kolmogorov power-spectrum with random amplitudes and phases in an optically thin medium. Following a simple prescription for the four-term correlation of Fourier coefficients, we derived generic expressions for the sample mean and variance of line centroid shift, line broadening, and projected velocity structure function. We performed a numerical validation based on Monte-Carlo simulations for two popular models of gas emissivity based on the β-model. Results. Generic expressions for the sample variance of line centroid shifts and broadening in arbitrary apertures are derived and match the simulations within their range of applicability. Generic expressions for the mean and variance of the structure function are provided and verified against simulations. An application to the Athena/X-IFU (Advanced Telescope for High-ENergy Astrophysics/X-ray Integral Field Unit) and XRISM/Resolve (X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission) instruments forecasts the potential of sensitive, spatially-resolved spectroscopy to probe the inertial range of turbulent velocity cascades in a Coma-like galaxy cluster. Conclusions. The formulas provided are of generic relevance and can be implemented in forecasts for upcoming or current X-ray instrumentation and observing programmes.

Analytical developments and experimental validation of a thermocouple model through an experimentally acquired impulse response function

This paper addresses the significance of and need for understanding the thermal impulse response function for (1) validating in-situ thermocouple models; and, (2) forming a “parameter free” inverse heat conduction methodology. The former application is the focus of the present study but it will be evident how to implement the findings of this presentation into the latter situation. The experimental component of this study utilizes a new small-sample, high-accuracy, electrical heating test facility for producing a quantifiable and accurate heat flux source. The impulse response kernel at the probe site is extracted and used for verifying the proposed in-depth thermocouple model. A linear, first-order thermocouple model is proposed based on the orientation of the probe and limited test temperature range. The location of the thermocouple and time constant are assumed known from some independent means or experiments. The impulse response function is determined and compared with the kernel of the resulting solution of the heat equation using the first-order model. Both kernels should nearly replicate if the model is not physically deficient. This preliminary investigation demonstrates a new means for (1) reconstructing the impulse response function and (2) validating a thermocouple model. Further, this experimentally generated impulse function can be used for resolving inverse heat conduction problems.

CI-Orbitrap: An Analytical Instrument To Study Atmospheric Reactive Organic Species.

While acknowledged as key components in the formation of new particles in the atmosphere, the accurate characterization of gaseous (highly) oxygenated organic compounds remains challenging and requires analytical developments. Earlier studies have successfully used the nitrate ion (NO3-) based chemical ionization (CI) coupled to atmospheric pressure interface time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CI-APi-TOF) for monitoring these compounds. Despite many breakthroughs in recent years, the CI-APi-TOF has many limitations, preventing for instance the unambiguous ion identification of overlapping peaks. To tackle this analytical challenge, we developed a CI interface coupled to an ultrahigh-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometer (CI-Orbitrap). We show that the CI-Orbitrap has similar sensitivity and selectivity as the CI-APi-TOF, but with over an order of magnitude higher mass resolving power (up to 140 000). Equally importantly, the CI-Orbitrap allows tandem mass spectrometry, providing the possibility for structural elucidation of the highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOM). As a proof of concept, we characterized HOM formed during the ozonolysis of two biogenic compounds (α-pinene and limonene), under different environmental conditions in a flow reactor. The CI-Orbitrap exhibited high sensitivity to both HOM and radical species, while easily separating ions of different elemental composition in cases where the more common TOF applications would not have been able to distinguish all ions. Our tandem mass spectrometry analyses revealed distinct fingerprint spectra for all the studied HOM. Overall, the CI-Orbitrap is an extremely promising instrument, and it provides a much-needed extension to ongoing research on HOM, with potential to impact also many other fields within atmospheric chemistry.

Optical soliton perturbation of Fokas-Lenells equation by the Laplace-Adomian decomposition algorithm

This paper displays numerical simulation for bright and dark optical solitons that emerge from Fokas-Lenells equation which is studied in the context of dispersive solitons in polarization-preserving fibers. The Laplace-Adomian decomposition scheme is the numerical tool adopted in the paper. The numerical results, for bright and dark solitons, are expository and therefore supplement the analytical developments, thus far.

Magnetorheology in saturating fields.

Understanding magnetorheology in saturating fields is crucial for success in high torque applications. In this paper we use numerical computations, analytical developments, and experimental data (using a double-gap magnetocell) to study the saturation behavior of model magnetorheological fluids for different particle loadings. Numerical calculations demonstrate a nonlinear dependence of both shear and normal stresses with particle concentration in contrast with analytical predictions. These predictions are in very good agreement with numerical calculations at low volume fractions when the interchain interactions can be safely neglected. Numerical calculations for the (yield) shear stress overestimate experimental data for small and medium concentrations. However, a reasonably good qualitative agreement is found for the larger particle loadings. Normal stresses are extraordinarily sensitive to the particular microstructure; experiments suggest sample dilatation in good agreement with simulations in lattices with a body-centered basis.

Serum steroid profiling by mass spectrometry in adrenocortical tumors: diagnostic implications.

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), allowing the reliable measurement of large panels of steroids, opened a new era in the characterization of adrenal diseases. This review summarizes the most recent findings on serum steroid profile in benign adrenocortical tumors and provides a focus on the most promising analytical developments. Recently developed LC-MS/MS assays included challenging compounds, providing new knowledge on adrenal steroid secretion. Pioneering studies highlighted the potential of incoming technologies in increasing measurement selectivity and implementing the steroidomic approach. In primary aldosteronism, several studies highlighted the signature of aldosterone-producing adenomas, mainly characterized by secretion of hybrid steroids. The combination of steroid panel and radiological data reached an agreement with adrenal vein sampling-based classification in more than 80% of the cases. The serum steroid profiling in patients with Cushing's syndrome, mainly characterized by reduced androgens and increased 11-dexoycorticosterone in adrenal hypercortisolism, showed a good discriminant power for patients' subtyping (90% correct classification rate). Finally, a selected panel of steroids, including 11-deoxycortisol as the main discriminant compound, was able to achieve a good separation of patients with and without adrenocortical carcinomas. The constantly evolving serum steroid profiling by MS may improve the diagnosis of different types of adrenocortical tumors.

Protein Adductomics: Analytical Developments and Applications in Human Biomonitoring.

Proteins contain many sites that are subject to modification by electrophiles. Detection and characterisation of these modifications can give insights into environmental agents and endogenous processes that may be contributing factors to chronic human diseases. An untargeted approach, utilising mass spectrometry to detect modified amino acids or peptides, has been applied to blood proteins haemoglobin and albumin, focusing in particular on the N-terminal valine residue of haemoglobin and the cysteine-34 residue in albumin. Technical developments to firstly detect simultaneously multiple adducts at these sites and then subsequently to identify them are reviewed here. Recent studies in which the methods have been applied to biomonitoring human exposure to environmental toxicants are described. With advances in sensitivity, high-throughput handling of samples and robust quality control, these methods have considerable potential for identifying causes of human chronic disease and of identifying individuals at risk.