Analytical Definition Research Articles

Аналитическая компетенция экономиста- международника как фактор профессионального взаимодействия

The author explains the need in forming of analytical thinking among International Economics students in order to build up their professional competence as an important condition of job competitiveness, responsiveness to new market changes, successful intercultural communication in the business world. The author highlights the meaning of the analytical thinking definition and its place in the process of analytical performance and competence development. The article presents the algorithm of analytical thinking building as an activity which starts with identifying a problem, describing an aim, tasks, subject matter and methods to solve it. The article presents the components of analytical competence and describes necessary conditions for its development within professional language training with the focus on aim and tasks specified by the state documents. The author emphasizes the unique role of foreign languages and their place in the development of future specialist professional competence. In conclusion the author notes that developed analytical competence is the main part of professionally oriented personality becoming with high level of competitiveness and deep understanding of intercultural communication.

The Need for Negativity

Several of my recent Editorials have dealt with terminological/conceptual errors and confusions that have been all too prevalent among psi researchers. In this Editorial, I want to consider a related issue often raised about parapsychological concepts and explanation.
 Probably we’ve all heard the complaint that parapsychology’s core concepts have only been defined negatively, with respect to our present level of ignorance—for example, taking “telepathy” to be “the causal influence of one mind on another independently of the known senses.” Perhaps some of you have even expressed that complaint yourselves. Of course, the assumption underlying those complaints is that this definitional strategy is a problem. However, it seems like a perfectly reasonable procedure to me, and I can easily accept the possibility that we might eventually learn enough about phenomena so defined that we can later construct better, detailed, and more informative analytical definitions.
 But at least as far as psi research is concerned, I consider it presumptuous—at our present (and considerable) level of ignorance—to proceed any other way. We hardly have the barest hint, based on all the available data, as to what psi is doing in the world (i.e., both inside and outside the lab). In fact, formal, experimental evidence has been particularly unilluminating. It has barely succeeded, if it’s succeeded at all, in convincing parapsychological fence-sitters that there are any genuine paranormal phenomena to study (I’ve explored some reasons for this in Braude, 1997). And it certainly hasn’t shed light on how pervasive, extensive, and refined psi effects might be, or whether effects of radically different magnitudes would be the result of substantially different processes. At best, typical quantitative research examines only straitjacketed expressions of phenomena that non-laboratory evidence suggests occur more impressively (if not flamboyantly) “in the wild.” So it strikes me as appropriately modest and circumspect to define “PK” (for example) as “the effect of an organism on a region r of the physical world without any known sort of physical interaction between the organism's body and r.” (For additional specific parapsychological definitions, see Braude, 2002).

Analytical Method Lifecycle Management in Pharmaceutical Industry: a Review.

The adoption of Quality by Design (QbD) and Analytical Method Lifecycle Management (AMLM) concepts to ensure the quality of pharmaceutical products has been applied and proposed over the last few years. These concepts are based on knowledge gained from the application of scientific and quality risk management approaches, throughout method lifecycle to assure continuous improvement and high reliability of analytical results. The overall AMLM starts with the definition of the method's intended use through the Analytical Target Profile definition, including three stages: (1) Method Design, taking advantage of the well-known concept of QbD; (2) Method Performance Qualification; (3) Continued Method Performance Verification. This is intended to holistically align method variability with product requirements, increasing confidence in the data generated, a regulatory requirement that the pharmaceutical industry must follow. This approach views all method-related activities, such as development, validation, transfer, and routine use as a continuum and interrelated process, where knowledge and risk management are the key enablers. An increase in method robustness, cost reduction, and decreased risk failures are some of the intrinsic benefits from this lifecycle management. This approach is clearly acknowledged both by regulators and industry. The roadmap of the regulatory and industry events that mark the evolution of these concepts helps to capture the current and future expectation of the pharmaceutical framework.

Towards Identifying Data Analytics Use Cases in Product Planning

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) generate huge amounts of data during the usage phase. By analyzing these data, CPS providers can systematically uncover hidden product improvement potentials for future product generations. But many companies face difficulties starting industrial data analytics projects as they cannot rely on experience and miss orientation. Following the canonical action research methodology, this study aims to investigate the definition and specification of data analytics use cases. The results show a clear need for supporting methods and tools for defining and specifying use cases in usage data-driven product planning.

Retail Analytics: The Quest for Actionable Insights from Big Data on Consumer Behavior and Operational Execution

We document the development of academic research on retail analytics and compare it with current practice. We provide a definition of retail analytics, describe its evolution, and conduct bibliometric analyses on 123 retail analytics articles published in top operations journals in the 2000-2020 period. Our work distinguishes nine different analytical decision areas as well as types of analytics used. To document the current state of retail practice, we interviewed global practitioners, asking them to highlight their transitions from basic to advanced analytics. We conclude with a roadmap advising future research on retail analytics, including a discussion of how to better facilitate the adoption of academic work in practice.

МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ КРИВЫХ 2-ГО ПОРЯДКА И ПОВЕРХНОСТЕЙ ОБОЛОЧЕК ИНЖЕНЕРНЫХ СООРУЖЕНИЙ НА ИХ ОСНОВЕ

The paper describes an example of modeling an arc of a 2nd order curve using an engineering discriminant and its analytical description based on a graphical algorithm for constructing a curve in point calculus. Examples of modeling the surfaces of engineering structures shells on an elliptical and rectangular plan are given. Research methods include geometric algorithms: modeling of 2nd order curves passing through 3 predetermined points in advance and having tangents at the start and end points, and shell surfaces based on them; analytical definition of curves arcs and sections of surfaces using the mathematical apparatus point calculation in a given parametrization and taking into account all predetermined geometric conditions. This approach can be widely used in the practice of modeling the shells of engineering structures for various technical purposes. It allows the designer to choose the best curvature of the shell surface, which will have the necessary strength characteristics, technical aesthetics and artistic expressiveness. The possibility of dividing the surface of the shell into finite elements of a given amount is also provided for studying the stress-strain state of the shell under the action of various loads in the systems of finite element analysis.

OPTIMIZED DETERMINATION OF 3D COORDINATES IN THE SURVEY OF INACCESSIBLE POINTS OF BUILDINGS - EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION IMPLEMENTED IN FREE SOFTWARE

Abstract: The forward intersection method is already widely used in the geodetic survey of coordinates of inaccessible points, especially when only angle measurements are available, in this case, also called the triangulation method. However, the mathematical solution of the 3D forward intersection with the analytical definition of spatial lines, resolved by the Minimum Distances Method, is still not widespread in the academic and professional environment. This mathematical modeling determines the 3D coordinates of a point located in the middle of the minimum distance between two or more spatial lines, which spatially "intersect" towards the observation point. This solution is more accurate than others presented in the literature because it simultaneously solves the problem of 3D determination of a point by the method of least squares, in addition to providing an estimate of the coordinate precision, which are inherent to the adjustment. This work, therefore, has the objective of explaining the Minimum Distances Method for the spatial intersection of targeted measurements with a Total Station from two or more known observation points for the 3D determination of inaccessible points located in corners of buildings. For the analysis of the method, a Python tool was developed for QGIS that calculates the 3D coordinates and generates the adjustment processing report, being applied with real observations of the Geodetic survey of the SUDENE building, in Recife-PE. The methodology developed in this work proved to be suitable for measurements of large structures, achieving spherical precision better than ±1.0 cm, following the Brazilian standards for urban cadastre.

Analitical definition of the law of change in the traction resistance of the plowshare and justification of its model

An analytical definition of the law of change in the traction resistance of the plowshare is proposed, and its mathematical model is justified. To confirm these theoretical studies, experiments were conducted in the soil channel of the North-Caucasus Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture. According to a specially developed program, solutions in numerical form were carried out on a PC. To solve this problem, we used the Fourier, Sturm-Liouville equations, transformed from the polar system to the Cartesian system. The results obtained for the first eight harmonics were processed by the spline-approximation program, and then a regression analysis was performed. The pair correlation coefficient was calculated. Based on the obtained values, a graph of the dependence of the soil layer’s movement in the transverse plane on the forward movement was constructed.

Defining Cognitive, Higher Order Thinking, and Psychomotor Meta-Skills: Three-Curricular Content Concept Analysis

: Rapid technological changes, reduced job security, the need for developing professional skills, and the urgent need for capable and adaptable physicians are the important issues that medical, educational systems must pay more attention to. Based on existing evidence, outcome-based education is the best approach for facing this situation, and competency-based education is a preferred strategy for planning and quality assurance of medical education. CanMED in 2015 claimed that competency-based education is known as the preferred educational approach and developed a framework consisting of seven competency groups. Graham Cheetham and Chivers denoted that professional competencies included a set of skills. Also, ACGME provided six main capabilities for the physician in which a variety of skills were required for carrying out professional tasks. One of the important dimensions of these skills is general skills that play an important role in the ability of the individual to apply his/her learning and can be used generally in all activities. In this study, this part of skills is conceptualized as “meta-skills” because the ability to build and develop other skills in individuals is formed through the acquisition of these meta-skills. We divided meta-skills into three groups, including psychomotor meta-skills, basic cognitive meta-skills, and higher-order thinking meta-skills, and developed an analytical definition for each group with certain defining attributes.

ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ КЛИМАТА И РЕЧНОГО СТОКА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ БОЛЬШОГО КАВКАЗА В ПРЕДЕЛАХ АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНА)

Problems of climate change impact on the water regime of the Azerbaijan rivers were considered. Precipitation (X), temperature (T) were analyzed and changes in river runoff were evaluated under different temperature scenarios of individual height limits. Paired correlations between air temperature and precipitation were built, taking into account the distribution of these dependencies in the region in three study areas. For each district, the constraints of the waste model were built and their analytical definition was provided. The effect of climatic changes on the water content of rivers is determined by a decrease in atmospheric precipitation, which is the main balance component of river runoff, and an increase in evaporation from the surface of their basins. However, due to the lack of information on evaporation, the impact of climate on river flow was calculated from atmospheric precipitation and temperature. An analysis of their trends showed that throughout the republic (under various physical and geographical conditions and at various altitudes) has been an increase in annual temperatures from +0.3°C to + 1.7°C in Ganja in recent years. The temperature increase gradient in the highlands is greater. The increase in the average long-term temperature in the republic is + 0.9°C since 1991.

A new methodology for thermostructural topology optimization: Analytical definition and validation

In the last few years, the rapid diffusion of components produced through additive manufacturing processes has boosted the research on design methodologies based on topology optimization algorithms. Structural topology optimization is largely employed since it permits to minimize the component weight and maximize its stiffness and, accordingly, optimize its resistance under structural loads. On the other hand, thermal topology optimization has been less investigated, even if in many applications, such as turbine blades, engines, heat exchangers, thermal loads have a crucial impact. Currently, structural and thermal optimizations are mainly considered separately, despite the fact that they are both present and coupled in components in service condition. In the present paper, a novel methodology capable of defining the optimized structure under simultaneous thermomechanical constraints is proposed. The mathematical formulation behind the optimization algorithm is reported. The proposed methodology is finally validated on literature benchmarks and on a real component, confirming that it permits to define the topology, which presents the maximized thermal and mechanical performance.

Design of a Monitoring Tool for Eco-Regions

An Eco-Region (Biodistretto in Italian) is a rural area where different actors work together for the sustainable management of local resources, based on the principles and models of organic farming. Social, environmental, economic as well as ethical dimensions are involved. Eco-Regions are quickly growing in number in the EU and worldwide; different Eco-regions’ types emerged, showing a variety of cultural, physical, socio-economic characteristics and related policies and regulations. The Eco-Regions represent an innovative sustainable integrated rural development approach; their success can be supported by analyzing their basic features and their development dynamics. A balance between a strictly centralized and bureaucratic Eco-Regions management and a bottom-up non-regulated Eco-Regions’ proliferation should be provided to grant the development of community-based resilient initiatives. To this end a monitoring tool, based on the Porter’s Diamond model, involving the local actors in analyzing the Eco-Regions structure and performances, could provide useful. Previous studies defined an Eco-Region monitoring tool, where different shortcomings characterized the analytical framework definition. The present paper goal is therefore to define an improved monitoring tool, more consistent to the Porter’s Diamond model by reviewing the cluster related literature, focusing on the Porter’s approach. The integrations resulting from the literature analysis a major increase in the indicators directly related to the original Porter’s approach and neglected in the previous studies resulted from the literature analysis; new food security and sovereignty, as well as specifically designed sustainability indicators have also been added. By expanding the pool of indicators, the monitoring tool is more adaptive and able to support sustainable management of Eco-Regions in different contexts.

Tensorial elastodynamics for isotropic media

Numerical solutions of 3D isotropic elastodynamics form the key computational kernel for many isotropic elastic reverse time migration and full-waveform inversion applications. However, real-life scenarios often require computing solutions for computational domains characterized by non-Cartesian geometry (e.g., free-surface topography). One solution strategy is to compute the elastodynamic response on vertically deformed meshes designed to incorporate irregular topology. Using a tensorial formulation, we have developed and validated a novel system of semianalytic equations governing 3D elastodynamics in a stress-velocity formulation for a family of vertically deformed meshes defined by Bézier interpolation functions between two (or more) nonintersecting surfaces. The analytic coordinate definition also leads to a corresponding analytic free-surface boundary condition (FSBC) as well as expressions for wavefield injection and extraction. Theoretical examples illustrate the utility of the tensorial approach in generating analytic equations of 3D elastodynamics and the corresponding FSBCs for scenarios involving free-surface topography. Numerical examples developed using a fully staggered grid with a mimetic finite-difference formulation demonstrate the ability to model the expected full-wavefield behavior, including complex free-surface interactions.

Construction of Liapunov functions for highly nonlinear dynamic systems with feedback

The paper provides stability and qualitative research of oscillations of a highly nonlinear dynamic system with feedback. For a system satisfying Liapunov theorem, definite-positive recurrent functions of order 1 with negative derivatives are constructed. Sufficient stability conditions are established for the considered cases of power nonlinearities. Surface diagrams of Liapunov functions and their derivatives are constructed for various values of the feedback parameter. Using the Liapunov criterion, the behavior of the trajectories of dynamic system on the state planes and near the singular points is investigated. Possible limit cycles are determined based on the Poincaré method of contact curves. Integral curves and phase trajectory diagrams are constructed numerically using the Mathcad 13 software package. A transition process from an unstable focus to self-oscillating and relaxation vibration modes is established, as well as the corresponding limit cycles consistent with analytical definition of rings containing the indicated limit cycles.

Profiling of the flat-tool for manufacturing worms with circular eccentric profile by cold forming

The incremental pumps are encountered in pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. One of the most representative categories of these pumps is formed by the progressing cavity pumps. The helical surfaces with circular profile, eccentrically positioned relative to worm axis, are frequently used in their rotors construction. In this specific case, the constructive dimensions of the worms allow their manufacturing by cold forming, with flat-tools similar to screwing dies. In this paper, an analytical algorithm for profiling such flat-tool is proposed. The algorithm starts from the analytical definition of the helical cylindrical surface with constant pitch of the generated worm, and it lays on the “Minimum distance method”. The equations of the gearing surface between worm and flat-tool are found, and, based on this, the active surface of the tool is determined. A MatLab application developed for implementing the profiling algorithm is presented. The results obtained after running the application in the case of a particular generated surface are also included.

Single-clause when-defining models in English monolingual pedagogical dictionaries

Abstract The paper is concerned with the single-clause when-definition, which is a common folk-defining style that has been established by lexicographers in English monolingual learners’ dictionaries (the Big Five), especially the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English and Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. In brief, the single-clause when-definition format can be applied to explain the meaning of abstract nouns and it closely resembles the double-clause (full-sentence) definition, which can also begin with a subordinating conjunction such as when or if. However, the when-definition does not include the word which is being defined (definiendum) and it is formed out of a single, subordinate clause. This definition-type has received metalexicographers’ attention as it appears to, in general, limit the effectiveness of correct extraction of word class information from abstract noun entries in contrast to the traditional defining model – the analytical definition. In this paper, an attempt is made to investigate two types of single-clause when-defining models: (1) when + personal pronoun; and (2) when + indefinite pronoun (someone/something).1 The collected evidence from the Linear Mixed-effects Modelling analysis indicates that the effect of when-definition type on syntactic class identification accuracy is statistically significant at the 8% level of significance, with the when + personal pronoun defining style being the superior defining model.

Knowledge Analytics

Big data has raised challenges and opportunities for the education sector. Educational analytics encompass a variety of computational techniques to process educational big data for effective teaching, learning, research, service, and administrative decision making. Learning analytics and academic analytics have been widely discussed in the literature of education; however, knowledge analytics have not been discussed in the educational analytics field. Knowledge analytics are a relatively new subject in the knowledge management area. Knowledge analytics lie outside of the definitions of learning analytics and academic analytics, and encompass analytical activities for knowledge management among educators in teaching, research, and services. This paper discusses potential applications of knowledge analytics in educational institutions and issues related to implementation of knowledge analytics in the educational environment.

Material Affine Connections for Growing Solids

The present paper aims to develop geometrical approach for finite incompatible deformations arising in growing solids. The phenomena of incompatibility is modeled by specific affine connection on material manifold, referred to as material connection. It provides complete description of local incompatible deformations for simple materials. Meanwhile, the differential-geometric representation of such connection is not unique. It means that one can choose different ways for analytical definition of connection for single given physical problem. This shows that, in general, affine connection formalism provides greater potential than is required to the theory of simple materials (first gradient theory). For better understanding of this inconsistence it is advisable to study different ways for material connection formalization in details. It is the subject of present paper. Affine connection endows manifolds with geometric properties, in particular, with parallel transport on them. For simple materials the parallel transport is elegant mathematical formalization of the concept of a materially uniform (in particular, a stress-free) non-Euclidean reference shape. In fact, one can obtain a connection of physical space by determining the parallel transport as a transformation of the tangent vector, which corresponds to the structure of the physical space containing shapes of the body. One can alternatively construct affine connection of material manifold by defining parallel transport as the transformation of the tangent vector, in which its inverse image with respect to locally uniform embeddings does not change. Utilizing of the conception of material connections and the corresponding methods of non-Euclidean geometry may significantly simplify formulation of the initial-boundary value problems of the theory of incompatible deformations. Connection on the physical manifold is compatible with metric and Levi-Civita relations holds for it. Connection on the material manifold is considered in three alternative variants. The first leads to Weitzenbock space (the space of absolute parallelism or teleparallelism, i.e., space with zero curvature and nonmetricity, but with non-zero torsion) and gives a clear interpretation of the material connection in terms of the local linear transformations which transform an elementary volume of simple material into uniform state. The second one allows to choose the Riemannian space structure (with zero torsion and nonmetricity, but nonzero curvature) in material manifold and it is the most convenient way for deriving of field equations. The third variant is based on Weyl manifold with specified volume form and non-vanishing nonmetricity.

Sobre los enunciados analíticos a posteriori: ¿son posibles?

Traditionally, the notions of analyticity, aprioricity and necessity have been considered coextensive, and also their counterparts, namely, syntheticity, aposterioricity and contingency. Such coextensiveness has been questioned by philosophers like Kant and Husserl who, on the basis of very different definitions of analyticity, postulated the existence of synthetic a priori statements and, on the other hand, by Kripke, who argued for the existence of contingent a priori and necessary a posteriori statements. In this paper, on the basis of a new definition of analyticity that can be seen as a refinement of Husserl’s, it is argued for the existence of analytic a posteriori instantiations of analytic laws.

A higher-order accurate surface tension modelling volume-of-fluid scheme for 2D curvilinear meshes

This paper proposes a higher-order accurate curvature calculation method for volume-of-fluid (VOF) based surface tension modelling on 2D curvilinear meshes. The scheme extends the interface reconstruction component of the height function (HF) method to curvilinear meshes in 2D. Linear reconstructions are computed in each column overlapping the interface, which results in a piecewise-linear (PLIC) representation of the free-surface. This is done in a volume conservative manner by employing a novel sweep-line algorithm. The interface curvature is then computed analytically by fitting either second- or fourth-order polynomials to local stencils of PLIC facets. Formal second- and fourth-order accuracy of interface curvature is demonstrated by comparing numerical results with a variety of analytical interface definitions. The curvature algorithm is implemented into a balanced-force continuum-surface-force surface tension scheme for variable-density flows. Second- and fourth-order accuracy are again demonstrated for the Laplace pressure jump in the simulation of a stationary bubble with a high liquid-gas density ratio. Lastly, second-order accuracy is demonstrated in computing the frequency of an inviscid oscillating droplet in zero gravity.