Analytical Possibilities Research Articles

Impressos periódicos e escrita da história

The printed periodicals attract the attention of a highly diversified array of scholars, owing to the myriad possibilities they offer as sources of information and/or subjects of research. The aim of this article is to discuss the challenges posed by the utilization of this type of source for historical writing in the current context, characterized by the availability of vast quantities of titles in digital format. The discussion begins with the systematization of a set of procedures and methods already well-established concerning the use of such sources, followed by an exploration of the potential impacts of digital newspaper archives on historiographical practice. The shifts in terms of conception and execution of research invite critical reflection on the new analytical possibilities brought about by the transition from analog to digital.

Medieval reading in the twenty-first century?

Abstract Reading practices in medieval manuscripts have often been the subject of critical analysis in the past. Recent technological developments have extended the range of analytical possibilities; one such development is that of eye tracking. In the present article, we outline the results of an experiment using eye tracking technologies which were carried out recently in Spain. The analysis points to particular trends in the ways in which modern readers interact with medieval textual forms and we use this analysis to point to future possibilities in the use of eye tracking to broaden and deepen our understanding of the workings of the medieval page.

Poverty and Intellectual Development in Childhood.

Objectives and ApproachThe effects of the timing and duration of economic deprivation and maternal mental health on intellectual development is researched using unique linkable databases following almost 90 thousand children born in the Canadian province of Manitoba. This paper studies such questions as: How important are differences in measurement of poverty in assessing intellectual development? How do various differences change over childhood? ResultsConcentrating on those born in 2000-2002 generated a total of 7,424 children having scores on all six measures of intellectual development. Such person-specific information controlled for many individual factors and extended from ages 5 through 17. Major differences were found in the scores associated with exposure to the two kinds of poverty and to poor maternal mental health. In summary, differences emerge by age 5, with administration of the Early Development Index. These differences are largely the same at age 8, even though another measure (the Grade 3 Competencies Index) is used. ConclusionsIf household poverty is taken as a definition of poverty, poverty seems much more important than maternal mental health in affecting a child’s intellectual development. However, if neighborhood poverty is used to define poverty, maternal mental health and poverty have effects on childhood intellectual development which are more similar. Definition plays a critical role in interpretation. ImplicationsThese population-based data, with multiple measures and multiple time points, suggest many analytical possibilities. If childhood conditions are included, the list of medical conditions which might correlate with intellectual development multiplies.

“‘I have to want you to act this way’”: a political reading of sexual violence, men’s Rights Activism, and the Pick-up Artist

ABSTRACT Since the emergence of allegations of sexual violence against media producers, directors, writers, and actors in 2017, viewers have questioned how their alleged abuse impacts viewership of their creative works. These questions hold even more significance in cases where the creative work represents behaviors and power dynamics that are reported to have supported these creators’ abuse. I analyze James Toback’s film, The Pick-Up Artist, next to allegations of his sexual misconduct and common Men’s Rights Activist strategies to contend that Toback’s film and other media texts implicated in similar distasteful resemblances ought to be read for their political force and subsequent implications, due to the work that these texts do to normalize violence and maintain the status quo. Through my analysis, I argue that, due to the resemblances between Toback’s film, his alleged abusive behavior, and PUA teachings, the film ought to be read as political. Ultimately, I conclude that a reading of Toback’s film as political demonstrates how mediated romantic storylines can reflect, inform, and, upon examination, disrupt manifestations of violence in daily life, as well as the potential for examining resemblances that emerge in media texts to reveal new analytical possibilities.

Accessible Ecosystem for Clinical Research (Federated Learning for Everyone): Development and Usability Study.

The integrity and reliability of clinical research outcomes rely heavily on access to vast amounts of data. However, the fragmented distribution of these data across multiple institutions, along with ethical and regulatory barriers, presents significant challenges to accessing relevant data. While federated learning offers a promising solution to leverage insights from fragmented data sets, its adoption faces hurdles due to implementation complexities, scalability issues, and inclusivity challenges. This paper introduces Federated Learning for Everyone (FL4E), an accessible framework facilitating multistakeholder collaboration in clinical research. It focuses on simplifying federated learning through an innovative ecosystem-based approach. The "degree of federation" is a fundamental concept of FL4E, allowing for flexible integration of federated and centralized learning models. This feature provides a customizable solution by enabling users to choose the level of data decentralization based on specific health care settings or project needs, making federated learning more adaptable and efficient. By using an ecosystem-based collaborative learning strategy, FL4E encourages a comprehensive platform for managing real-world data, enhancing collaboration and knowledge sharing among its stakeholders. Evaluating FL4E's effectiveness using real-world health care data sets has highlighted its ecosystem-oriented and inclusive design. By applying hybrid models to 2 distinct analytical tasks-classification and survival analysis-within real-world settings, we have effectively measured the "degree of federation" across various contexts. These evaluations show that FL4E's hybrid models not only match the performance of fully federated models but also avoid the substantial overhead usually linked with these models. Achieving this balance greatly enhances collaborative initiatives and broadens the scope of analytical possibilities within the ecosystem. FL4E represents a significant step forward in collaborative clinical research by merging the benefits of centralized and federated learning. Its modular ecosystem-based design and the "degree of federation" feature make it an inclusive, customizable framework suitable for a wide array of clinical research scenarios, promising to revolutionize the field through improved collaboration and data use. Detailed implementation and analyses are available on the associated GitHub repository.

Data-driven mass spectrometry methods (DDA) and data-independent methods (DIA) used in the analysis of biological material

Mass spectrometry is an important tool in proteomic, metabolomic and lipidomic analysis. To fully use its potential, it is crucial to select and configure the appropriate analytical approach. For untargeted research, there are two main strategies available: data-dependent analysis (DDA) and data-independent analysis (DIA). Both methods differ in the way the analysis is carried out and in the degree of coverage of the obtained data, which is why each of them can be used in various types of research. The DDA method is based on continuous scanning of the analyzed ions, as a result of which the precursors with the highest intensity are fragmented in the MS2 mode. On the other hand, DIA, due to the use of combined ranges of precursor ion isolation, allows for a deeper analysis of the analyzed compounds. Both approaches also have modifications that improve their operation and enable obtaining more valuable data. Methods combining both techniques are also appearing on the horizon, such as DDIA, which uses the advantages of both methods, opening new analytical possibilities.

Optimization of cooling rate of Q-P treated 42SiCr steel using AI digital twinning

In the continuously advancing field of mechanical engineering, digitalization is bringing a major transformation, specifically with the concept of digital twins. Digital twins are dynamic digital models of real-world systems and processes, crucial for Industry 4.0 and the emerging Industry 5.0, which are changing how humans and machines work together in manufacturing. This paper explores the combination of physics-based and data-driven modeling using advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques. This approach provides a comprehensive understanding of mechanical systems, improving materials design and manufacturing processes. The focus is on the advanced 42SiCr alloy, where AI-driven digital twinning is used to optimize cooling rates during Quenching and Partitioning (Q-P) treatments. This leads to significant improvements in the mechanical properties of 42SiCr steel. Given its complex properties influenced by various factors, this alloy is perfect for digital twinning. The Q-P heat treatment process not only restores the material's deformability but also gives it advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) properties. The findings show how AI and ML can effectively guide the development of high-strength steels and enhance their treatment processes. Additionally, integrating digital twins with new technologies like the Metaverse offers exciting possibilities for simulated production, remote monitoring, and collaborative design. By establishing a clear workflow from physical to digital twins and presenting empirical results, this paper connects theoretical modeling with practical applications, paving the way for smarter manufacturing solutions in mechanical engineering. Furthermore, this paper analyzes how digital twins can be integrated into advanced technologies like the Metaverse, opening up new possibilities for simulated production, remote monitoring, design collaboration, training simulations, analytics, and complete supply chain visibility. This integration is a crucial step toward realizing the full potential of digitalization in mechanical engineering.

Material historicity: Rethinking objects through the mis/recognition of a Catholic saint

ABSTRACT Based on ethnographic research in Santa Cruz Mixtepec, Mexico, this article investigates a local debate about the identity of a historic statue of a saint. It shows that historical and object biography approaches cannot fully account for the different ways that people draw on material evidence, religious understandings, and their own perceptions of the past when engaging with such meaningful objects. To more fully account for such processes, I develop the concept of ‘material historicity,’ which provides a framework that connects theories of materiality and historical consciousness. This framework will allow scholars to understand how objects and their material qualities provoke and enable creative and interpretive engagements with the past, and how these engagements interact with one another in the present. The case of the Mixtepec Saint shows that in addition to these analytical possibilities, attention to material historicity can also offer a politics that challenges the authority of secular, historicist interpretations of the past by allowing multiple perspectives to be considered on equal footing.

Total Costs Coefficients in the Basic Input-Output Tables

The article presents the results of the author's research devoted to the improvements in domestic developments of Input-Output Tables (IO Tables), significantly increasing their analytical potential. According to the author, the level of development of Russian statistics in the field of Input-Output Tables is quite high – the basic accounts contain not only the symmetrical IO Tables, but also symmetrical tables of domestic products and imports that they are derived from. This is the main condition for implementing the methodology and methodological solutions described and elaborated in the article for compiling the tables with the coefficients of total costs of domestic products and the total need for import of intermediate imports estimates.In the first part of the article, the author characterizes conceptually different versions of the intersectoral model with the features of the technological matrix corresponding to these versions – the basis for estimating the values of total costs coefficients in the national economy. Three «extreme» variants of the economy model representation of indicative country are studied. They define the economy as a part of a global economy within the framework of an inter-country model; in the form of a national model without the allocation of the import matrix in a symmetrical IO Tables (traditional method) and in the form of a national model with the possibility of such allocation (alternative method). The substantial differences in the values of total costs coefficients for the options are described and their preference for study of the country's economy is emphasizedThe second part of the article presents the results of a quantitative analysis based on the basic IO Tables for 2016 data. It contains the estimates of the measure of discrepancy in total costs coefficients values according to traditional and alternative methods; the differences in the associated indicators of intermediate products total costs distribution by specific dimensions of final demand. The analytical possibilities of the alternative method are described, the estimates for the decomposition of final products cost into domestic and imported value added are provided.The author explains the analytical relevance of total costs coefficients using an alternative method in forecasting practice and in the macroeconomic effects of management decisions assessment and proposes to supply the basic IO Tables for 2021 with tables with these coefficients and with the necessary methodological explanations

Abstract 7424: iStarTLS: Advanced detection and phenotyping of tertiary lymphoid structures

Abstract Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are clusters of immune cells formed in non-lymphoid tissues. They are often found at sites of chronic inflammation, notably within the invasive margins and the core of various solid tumors. TLSs are pivotal in mediating anti-tumor immunity. However, our understanding of TLSs in large/complex tissue contexts remains incomplete due to the lack of computational tools to effectively detect and phenotype TLSs. Recent advances in spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) present a broader spectrum of analytical possibilities for investigating the spatial phenotypic heterogeneity of TLSs and their interaction with stromal and cancer cells. Here, we present iStarTLS (Inferring Super-resolution Tissue ARchitecture for TLSs), a computational toolkit designed to process SRT data for TLS detection and phenotyping and showcase its performance on breast, bladder, and lung cancer samples. By effectively integrating spatial gene expression data with state-of-the-art machine learning techniques, we can substantially enhance our capabilities in TLS detection and comprehensive phenotyping. iStarTLS starts by enhancing the spatial resolution of spot-level gene expression data to near-single-cell resolution by leveraging high-resolution information provided by paired histology images. To detect TLSs and infer their cellular composition, we developed a TLS signature. Based on the high-resolution gene expression measurements and a curated reference panel of cell type-specific markers, we score cell type-specific gene signatures to obtain a cell type probability map across the whole tissue section. This map gives rise to a segmentation of key cell type components of TLSs, enabling the spatial mapping and colocalization of different cell types. Moreover, such an approach would allow us to infer the phenotypic states of cells within the TLSs, assess their cellular compositions, and discern their cellular organization in large, spatially heterogeneous tissues at a near-single-cell resolution. Notably, in conjunction with nuclei segmentation of high-resolution histology images, iStarTLS precisely maps high endothelial venules (HEVs), a key structure within TLSs often overlooked by previous studies. iStarTLS paves the way for uncovering novel mechanisms of immune-tumor interactions and designing personalized therapies targeting specific cellular components or states within TLSs. Citation Format: Kyung Serk Cho, Jiahui Jiang, Daiwei Zhang, Yunhe Liu, Jianfeng Chen, Rossana L. Segura, Xinmiao Yan, Guangsheng Pei, Luisa M. Soto, Yanshuo Chu, Ansam F. Sinjab, Cassian Yee, Scott Kopetz, Anirban Maitra, Andrew Futreal, Alexander Lazar, Amir A. Jazaeri, Humam Kadara, Jianjun Gao, Mingyao Li, Linghua Wang. iStarTLS: Advanced detection and phenotyping of tertiary lymphoid structures [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 7424.

Uses of interpersonal touch in educational settings: A methodological commentary

Touch is a primordial resource for interaction and for managing social relations, something that quite literally connects us with other human beings. This discussion paper approaches the articles in this special issue from a methodological perspective by reflecting on analytical challenges and possibilities in investigating interpersonal touch in educational encounters. It will briefly outline relevant methodological issues and transcription-related concerns in approaching interpersonal touch from a multimodal and sensorial research perspective. Key ideas in the empirical articles are then discussed with a view to what kinds of insights the articles in the special issue generate for future studies of interpersonal touch in educational settings.

Ontology for designing situational digital twins of industrial-natural complexes for modeling their structural safety

The article proposes an ontology of designing specialized digital twins of spatially distributed components of industrial-natural complexes (INC) based on the theory and intellectualized situational modeling system previously developed by the author. The ontology makes it possible to study the interaction of non-stationary INCs in normal operating modes and in the event of abnormal or emergency situations. The distinguishing feature of the accomplished development lies in the possibility of the preventive security analytics for the INC integration into existing infrastructures and provides a quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of proposed measures to prevent failures of INC components, including early detection of dependent (complex, cascading) failures. In order to increase the flexibility of modeling newly created INCs, the concept of structural security is presented, which generalizes ways to take into account various known aspects of security. The relevance of this task is determined by the growth in the number and power supply of INCs in the modern world, the complication of their interactions and the corresponding increase in the possibility of the most dangerous dependent failures, as well as the growth in the volume of data available for analysis as a result of the rapid development of the Internet of Things. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the comprehensive application of expert knowledge at all stages of modeling in a cause-and-effect paradigm in order to synthesize preferred options for implementing INC structures.

REFLECTIONS ON THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE CONTEMPORARY MEDICAL PROFESSION AND CAREER: A BOURDIEUSIAN APPROACH

This study aims to highlight the importance of interdisciplinarity in career studies. Bibliographical research was carried out for that, resulting in the analysis corpus. As contributions to the studies of professions and careers stand out: (a) the identification of the many correlations between the various social actors who take part in the field and contribute to the social construction of the profession and medical career; (b) the finding of the importance of the state's role in regulating the labor market; (c) the relationship of historical facts with the contemporary context of the medical profession; (d) the analytical possibilities obtained in the studies of professions and careers using the theory of symbolic fields of the Bourdieusian approach; and (e) to highlight the contributions from the discipline of Sociology

DATA MINING AND BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE IN MANAGING THE BUSINESS PROCESSES OF THE PROJECT OFFICE OF AN OUTSOURCING COMPANY

The article carries out a comprehensive study of the possibilities of applying modern business analytics and intelligent data analysis methods to optimize project management processes in the conditions of an outsourcing IT company. The work justifies the relevance of the problem associated with the avalanche-like growth of data volumes during the implementation of IT projects and the possibilities of innovative technologies for their intellectual analysis to identify hidden patterns. Scientific works of leading experts in project management and informatization have been critically analyzed, but a lack of comprehensive studies regarding data analysis specifically for project offices was noted. To achieve the research goal, a thorough analysis of the essence and possibilities of business analytics and intelligent data analysis was carried out, their role in managing modern organizations was examined in detail, and the scientific advantages of implementation in project offices of outsourcing companies were justified. The study of the practical use of business analytics and intelligent data analysis tools to solve the specific task of searching for new projects in the marketing activities of the IT outsourcing company was conducted. Effective methods of data collection, processing, and analysis concerning clients, market, competitors, communication channels, etc., were thoroughly analyzed. Thus, the article carries out a comprehensive study of the theoretical foundations and applied aspects of using advanced business analytics and intelligent data analysis tools with the aim of improving and optimizing the marketing activities of the modern project office of an outsourcing IT company by making timely well-founded managerial decisions based on deep analysis of available data sets.

Digital Networks of Democratic Mobilization: Examining Performative, Material, and Rooted Approaches

In a world increasingly and unevenly connected through fiber-optic cables, satellite waves, and smartphones, spatial approaches attentive to questions of power and scale are key to grounding analysis of digital networks and illuminating the possibilities and instabilities created through network linkages. This article examines digital networks of democratic mobilization through the analytical lenses of poststructuralist, new materialist, and feminist and decolonial approaches. By developing a heuristic of performative, material, and rooted approaches to network analysis, this article exposes the underlying theoretical presuppositions and analytical possibilities enabled by different ways of thinking with and through networks in geography. Performative approaches advance an understanding of networks as dynamic, dispersed assemblages, providing a theoretical lens that accounts for fluidity and multicausality. Material approaches call attention to the concrete backbones of digital infrastructures, highlighting the pathways and chokepoints that enable and constrain multiscalar flows of information. Rooted approaches foreground the spatial dimensions of social embeddedness, illuminating how digital networks emerge from and are constrained by longer struggles over territory and place making. Through empirical engagement with the networked mobilizations of the Arab Spring and the Milk Tea Alliance, we bring the insights of geographic scholarship to bear on emerging work on digital social networks and show how historically rooted spatial relations condition new vectors of risk and crisis. By tracing the ontological and epistemological orientations of particular strands of performative, new materialist, and rooted approaches, we recenter scale, territory, and place making, while emphasizing the political nature of network analysis across today’s digital landscapes.

Marx, exploitation, and socioeconomic justice: Analytical and strategic possibilities

AbstractMarx's concept of exploitation, developed in Capital, retains the laissez‐faire premises of classical liberal political economy, whereby capitalist wage labor denotes a contract between formally free, legally equal, employers and workers. Marx, though, inserts the political‐economic conflict between capitalists and workers over surplus value, rendering the concept distinctively ‘Marxist’. Both liberal economists and ‘free marketeer’ politicians had long since distanced themselves, to varying degrees, from the classical laissez‐faire construction, during the debates and campaigns leading to the UK's series of Factory Acts (1802–1853). A dialogue of socioeconomic justice had emerged, driven primarily by public outrage over employment conditions in the textiles industry. In engaging with this dialogue, Marx's critique of capitalist wage labor extends beyond the parameters of his own, political‐economic concept of exploitation, intersecting with other, moral‐economic critiques of capitalist wage labor. This paper examines these points of intersection, going on to evaluate the possibilities of analytical and strategic pluralism. It concludes by assessing the contemporary relevance of Marx's concept of exploitation: to what extent and in what ways might it retain analytical and strategic relevance, with respect to the achievement of socioeconomic justice?

Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction computed tomography (XRDCT): a new tool in cultural heritage and stone conservation for 3D non-destructive probing and phase analysis of inorganic re-treatments.

The issue of preserving carbonatic stones of cultural heritage (CH) restored in the past that have undergone new decay phenomena is strongly emerging and conservation science has not yet found a reliable solution. In this paper, we propose the application of synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction computed tomography (XRDCT) to explore the effects of using inorganic-mineral products (ammonium oxalate; ammonium phosphate) in sequence as a novel, compatible and effective re-treatment approach to consolidate decayed carbonatic stones already treated with inorganic-mineral treatments. High-quality XRDCT datasets were used to qualitatively/quantitatively investigate and 3D localize the complex mixture of crystalline phases formed after the conservation re-treatments within a porous carbonatic stone substrate. The XRDCT reconstruction images and the structural refinements of XRD patterns with the Rietveld methods showed that the phase composition of reaction products, their volume distribution, and weight fraction vary as a function of the treatment sequence and penetration depth. The high potential of XRDCT allows (i) assessment of peculiar trends of each treatment/treatment sequence; (ii) exploration of the reaction steps of the sequential treatments and (iii) demonstration of the consolidating effect of inorganic re-treatments, non-destructively and at the micron scale. Above all, our study (i) provides new analytical tools to support the conservation choices, (ii) showcases new analytical possibilities for XRDCT in conservation science, including in investigations of CH materials and decay processes, and (iii) opens up new perspectives in analytical chemistry and material characterisation for the non-destructive and non-invasive analysis of reactions within heterogeneous polycrystalline systems.

Selected organic micropollutants in the aquatic environment

Recently, an increasing number of research in the field of water and sewage management concerns issues related to the increasing pollution of the aquatic environment with micropollutants from the groups of endocrine-active EDA/EDC compounds and those referred to as "emerging contaminants ECs or CECs (contaminants of emerging concern) - as pollutants" newly appearing in the environment or causing concern". These groups are not mutually exclusive and it is possible to distinguish among them such chemical compounds, which due to their properties are classified into the three mentioned groups. This paper presents an overview of literature data concerning newly identified organic micropollutants in the aquatic environment. The problem of the occurrence of pollutants of anthropogenic origin in waters is valid due to an increase in the number of identified compounds, which so far did not identified or there were no analytical possibilities to detect them. This is important from the point of view of the impact on the biocenosis of the aquatic environment as well as due to the potential contamination of the population's drinking water supply.

Archaeological Research on the Former KL Auschwitz I and KL Auschwitz II-Birkenau Site

For many years Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum has been conducting excavation works on the site of the former German concentration and extermination camp Auschwitz II-Birkenau, related to the implementation of projects to preserve the authenticity and other ad hoc maintenance works, as well as those related to the extension of the necessary infrastructure network in the area of the former camp. These works, carried out in various parts of the former Birkenau, are subject to obligatory archaeological research. Over the years, a large number of reports on archaeological works have been collected. Researchers faced the challenge of accumulating dispersed archaeological information, mainly about the location of archaeological research sites and about the findings that were noted during the works. The chosen solution was the use of GIS software. Initially, this was QGIS, which is to be replaced by ArcGIS Pro over time. This makes it possible to place excavation sites in a generalised form on a map (contemporary or historical) or on a properly prepared aerial photo (for any year from the years available: 1944-2022). The outline of the excavation in the above-mentioned programs is interactive with the user. The description of the findings from a given place is added to it. The set of data thus prepared can then be filtered and selected, like in a popular spreadsheet. The amount of information on one map can be enhanced with underground infrastructure networks (as information about possible collisions) and road and construction infrastructure of the camp area which enables better orientation in the surroundings. Introduction of the possibilities of deeper analytics of large data sets is the main basis for outlining the possibilities of Geographic Information Systems.

BELIEFS, VALUES AND EMOTIONS IN PRACTITIONERS’ ENGAGEMENTS WITH LEARNING ANALYTICS IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Internet entrepreneurs, EdTech companies, AI enthusiasts, and other powerful stakeholders around the world have promoted the idea that big data and learning analytics (LA) have the potential to revolutionise education. LA, defined as the continuous measurement, collection, analysis and reporting of data about learners and their context (Gašević et al., 2015, p. 1), is increasingly being used to track and evaluate what students do in internet-mediated environments. A growing body of literature has questioned the benefits attributed to the use of AI-based solutions and raised a number of concerns about the current developments in the education sector. Despite this growing interest among researchers, we know little about how the beliefs, values and feelings of different groups of educational practitioners shape how they engage with AI-driven learning analytics technologies and influence the evolution of the cultures of practice shaping the adoption of learning analytics. In this paper, we report on research that asks: how do culturally situated beliefs, values and emotions shape practitioners’ engagements with narrow AI in different contexts of practice? The research project as a whole examines these cultures of practice across three contrasting contexts. Here we will discuss early findings from one of these contexts – learning analytics in higher education. With insights from this research, we aim to contribute to empower practitioners in higher education and relevant stakeholders to foster the development of critical and reflective data cultures that are able to exploit the possibilities of learning analytics while being critically responsive to their societal implications and limitations.