Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach Research Articles

An Analytical Hierarchy Process Approach for Prioritization of Objectives and Parameters for an Integrated Urban Water Management

For sustainable development of urban areas, it is essential to address urban water management integrated with the urban water systems and spatial planning of the cities and the subsequent uncertainties. An integrated urban water management and planning model will help ensure water security, mitigate floods and droughts, reduce the negative environmental impact of urbanization and climate change, and bring coherence in the water supply management with the cities' spatial planning and relevant policies. In the present research, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multi-criteria decision analysis, has been implemented to calculate the weightage of different parameters associated with urban water management and planning. AHP uses linguistic and quantitative variables based on experts' opinions for selecting and prioritizing the objectives and parameters for an integrated approach to urban water management and spatial planning under uncertainties. The local and global weights of objectives, parameters, key indicators, and sub-indicators were calculated after pairwise comparison by 32 experts from academia and industry in urban planning and civil and environmental engineering for the case of Ranchi, a city in eastern India. The study establishes the financial factors (36.97%) as one of the important attributes, followed by environmental factors (26.71%) for consideration in integrated urban water management. Further, Alternative D (45.256%) is framed by collaborating different objectives of IUWM, such as ensuring water security through alternative water sources, mitigating floods and droughts, and water supply planning considering land use, management policies, and climate change. The research findings can assist decision-makers in prioritizing the various objectives and parameters for integrated urban water management in cities with similar population sizes and organic growth.

Industry 4.0 and supply chain sustainability: benchmarking enablers to build reliable supply chain

PurposeThe existing literature reflects that the connection between enablers of Industry 4.0 (I4.0), Supply Chain (SC) sustainability and reliability is understudied. To cover this gap, the purpose of this study is to identify and benchmark the enablers of I4.0 for SC sustainability to build a Reliable Supply Chain (RSC).Design/methodology/approachThis study benchmarks the I4.0 enablers for SC sustainability for building a RSC and analyses them with a multi-method approach. The identified potential enablers are validated empirically. A multi-method approach of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) and Preference Ranking for Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE-II) was used to investigate the influence of the identified benchmarking enablers and develop an interrelationship diagram among the identified enablers.FindingsThis study benchmarks the potential enablers of I4.0 to achieve high ecological-economic-social gains in SCs considering the Indian scenario. Digitalization of the supply chain, decentralization, smart factory technologies and data security and handling are the most prominent enablers of I4.0 for SC sustainability to build a RSC.Originality/valueThe findings from the study may benefit managers, practitioners, specialists, researchers and policymakers interested in I4.0 sustainability applications.

Towards an IoT based secured framework for smart cities

<p>Cities are evolving into smart urban environments, where various devices, technologies, services, connections, blocks, and storage systems are transforming to embrace smart solutions, departing from traditional counterparts. This intricate network of interconnected devices collectively constitutes the Internet of Things (IoT), promising users a life of enhanced convenience. However, this transformation also introduces challenges, particularly in managing loosely linked devices and transmitting information across networks. This study conducts a comprehensive review of the various components contributing to the formation of a smart city, scrutinizing the challenges and factors that influence them. The overarching objective is to identify specific areas within smart cities grappling with cybersecurity challenges and ascertain the relative significance of each area. Data for this research is gathered through questionnaires, expert opinions, and paired comparisons drawn from previous studies, and employs the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process approach to determine the weight of each factor and sub-factor, subsequently ranking them. Among the nine identified factors, the "Smart Security" factor is the most critical, with a weight of 0.198, signifying its paramount importance. To overcome the security challenges in smart cities, we introduce an advanced secure framework (ARPL) for detecting security threats, using the Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) as its foundation. The advanced framework is adept at identifying a variety of attacks. Performance assessments of the proposed framework encompass several key parameters, such as ADA, TPR, FPR, and end-to-end delay. The positive outcomes observed strongly endorse the effectiveness of the proposed framework, positioning it as an optimal solution for RPL-based smart environments.</p>

Artificial intelligence in employee recruitment

AbstractThe primary goal of this research is to investigate candidate attitudes toward artificial intelligence (AI)‐supported chatbots as an alternative to traditional recruitment interviews, aiming to understand the potential impact of AI‐assisted processes on the employee selection landscape. To systematically evaluate various factors and their relative importance in shaping candidate preferences, this study employed the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) as a decision‐making tool. The AHP approach facilitated the analysis of findings based on the sum of rankings assigned by evaluators to determine the relative significance of different factors. Additionally, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was utilized to assess the application of AI interview methodology within the research framework. This ensured a comprehensive understanding of its potential advantages and drawbacks. By comparing candidates' interview experiences across four main categories—performance anxiety, environmental compliance, self‐trust, and comfort level—the study results reveal that AI‐assisted interviews offer a more advantageous experience for candidates. This suggests that AI technology can play a significant role in enhancing the recruitment process. The research highlights ease of use and suitability for job interviews as critical factors influencing companies' adoption of AI interview technology. Furthermore, it sheds light on the aspects that organizations need to consider when evaluating and implementing AI‐driven solutions in their recruitment strategies.

Identifying and Addressing Obstacles to PMO Success in Construction Projects: An AHP Approach

The development of construction projects serves as an indicator of societal progress, reflecting the growth of various project domains in Libya, especially in the Misrata Free Zone. Despite the significance of these projects, they encounter several issues during different stages, including scope changes, delivery delays, and cost overruns. The Project Management Office (PMO) plays a crucial role in ensuring the successful completion of projects, overcoming challenges, and minimizing delays and cost increases through planning, coordination, and monitoring, ensuring the project stays within its framework and objectives. This paper examines the primary obstacles to establishing a PMO in the Misrata Free Zone using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The research findings are expected to lead to key strategies for overcoming these obstacles.

A Prioritization Method to Optimize School Operational Assistance Fund by Using AHP Approach

In Indonesia, education funding provided by the central government is made up of the components of personnel costs, investment costs, and operating costs. Since its implementation in 2005, the program has found several obstacles. It’s crucial to have an optimization tool to overcome the complications. The main problems that have arisen in the allocation of these funds so far have been lacking in planning and the lack of participation of the school ecosystem, in particular in determining the planning, planning documents and the priority scale of the projects. Program and activity plans based on the School Operating Assistance (BOS) platform. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model is a prioritization approach based on determining the priority scale on the comparison of one option with another. The AHP model is a powerful but simple method that is usually used to make decisions. This approach has been implemented in various sectors, business, government, management, and education. In this study, the AHP model was used to determine the priority scale on the criteria of BOS allocated funds in the current year so that it could be absorbed optimally and can be utilized properly in its implementation for Vocational School activities. The results of the study show that the use of AHP makes it easier for school residents to prioritize the use of funds for school activities. Using the AHP model allows managers to record strategic goals using weighted criteria as the basis for prioritizing the use of funds. AHP can also work among different stakeholders in the school (principals, treasurers, teachers, and committee, parents/guardians) to participate in decisions about the use of BOS funds, to improve the quality and form of decision support taken to improve school performance.

Predictors of employees’ voluntary turnover intentions: Analytic hierarchy process approach

The possibility to prevent employees` turnover intentions are important issue for organizations but it is not easy without identifying risk factors. HR analytic methods are seen as the valuable tools for extracting and weighting predictors of employees` withdrawal behavior. This paper ilustrates the potential of analytic hierarchy process method for identifying key predictors of voluntary turnover intentions. The analysis is conducted on 665 production employees using five criteria: work satisfaction, work characteristics (job motivating potential), intrinsic motivation, life aspirations and needs, from the most to the least weighted. Two parementers were included, sector where employees work and their shift. Results indicate the sectors and shift employing people with highest risk of turnover demonstrating the effectivness of using AHP method for the purpose. As previous studies that uses HR analytics tools in the domain mainly operated with demographic and general employees` data, while more orthodox HR approaches focus on direct effect of job satisfaction, we offered the combination of those two. We imply that the integration of more subjective data collected directly from employee, might be integrated in the overal personnel database and available for processing with HR analytic tools.

Prioritization of Risks in Agile Software Projects Through an Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach

Prioritization of Risks in Agile Software Projects Through an Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach

Business development strategy of coffee processing in MSMEs scale using BMC approach and SWOT-AHP integration

The coffee agro-industry is a sector that is currently growing rapidly in Indonesia. MSMEs Loca Nusa is one of the coffee producers in Malang City which has the potential to be developed. They sell robusta coffee at low prices and delivered from Dampit, Malang which is known to have the best quality. However, Loca Nusa still experience problems in managing their business. The purpose of this study is to identify internal and external factors, formulate and sequence strategies, and form a new development BMC. This study used SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat), the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and BMC (Business Model Canvas) approach. The results showed that the position of MSMEs Loca Nusa was in quadrant V (hold and maintain) with product development and market penetration strategies. The result of the AHP ranking showed market as the highest criteria (0.510), the highest goal is that MSMEs can expand the market to increase production figures (0,566), and the highest alternative is expanding the market to coffee shops in Malang by selling roasted bean products with various variations (0,612). The addition of strategy to the upgraded BMC is on key partner elements, value propositions, and channels.

Multiple-criteria decision analysis techniques for anaerobic digester technology assessment

Effective decision-making requires the evaluation of several criteria rather than a single, preferred criterion. The best decision options (alternatives) are recommended to decision-makers when a multi-criteria decision problem is addressed. This study develops a multi-criteria selection method for the assessment of small-scale anaerobic digester technology by combining two existing methods. The Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approaches of multiple-criteria decision analysis were used as a decision support tool, and the preferred anaerobic digester technology was selected from a list of eleven potential small-scale digester technologies used in low to middle-income countries. These techniques were applied under two scenarios for a case study in the South African smallholder farmers. Scenario 1 involves a subsistence smallholder farming context, while scenario 2 involves a commercially oriented smallholder farming context. The overall results revealed that the DIY Biobag and Puxin digester design models achieved 82.1 and 73.7 % preference in comparison to other digester technologies for scenarios 1 and 2, respectively. The Biobag digester technology achieved the highest ranking, which is consistent with the significant cost advantage and technical characteristics of the technology. However, for those households with sufficient access to funds for the initial expenditure, the method identifies the Puxin digester as the most appropriate alternative, excluding cases where underground construction is not possible. The AGAMA BiogasPro digester was ranked in the second position in both scenarios. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the effect of changes in the assessment criteria weights and found the selected alternatives stable and robust. Finally, it can be concluded that the developed technology selection model contributed a knowledge-based framework to be used in various situations by different decision-makers, thereby providing a method applicable to particular local conditions to identify the most suitable technology choices.

Remote sensing-based groundwater potential evaluation in a fractured-bedrock mountainous area

<abstract><p>Assessing the capacity of groundwater is essential for efficient water management. Regrettably, evaluating the potential of groundwater in regions with limited data accessibility, particularly in mountainous regions, presents significant challenges. In the Nan basin of Thailand, where there is a scarcity of groundwater well data, we utilized remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques for evaluating and determining the potential of groundwater resources. The analysis included seven hydrological factors, including elevation, drainage density, lineament density, land use and land cover, slope, soil moisture, and geology. The quantification of groundwater potential was conducted by the utilization of linear combination overlays, employing weights derived from two distinct methodologies: the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the frequency ratio (FR). Interestingly, it is noteworthy that both the FR and AHP approaches demonstrated a very comparable range of accuracy levels (0.89–1.00) when subjected to cross-validation using field data pertaining to groundwater levels. Although the FR technique has shown efficacy in situations when data is well-distributed, it displayed constraints in regions with less data, which could potentially result in misinterpretations. On the other hand, the AHP provided a more accurate assessment of the potential of groundwater by taking into account the relative importance of the criteria throughout the full geographical scope of the study. Moreover, the AHP has demonstrated its significance in the prioritization of parameters within the context of water resource management. This research contributes to the development of sustainable strategies for managing groundwater resources.</p></abstract>

Analytic Hierarchy Process approach to estimate weights of menu management in the school foodservice

Analytic Hierarchy Process approach to estimate weights of menu management in the school foodservice

Determinants of employee engagement in the hotel industry: An application of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process approach

The study aims to apply the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) method to evaluate the priority of factors that constitute employee engagement with hotels. The theoretical review introduced and modeled five factors and 21 indicators. A pairwise comparison survey was designed and sent to experts, including university scientists, leaders of state management agencies in charge of tourism, and leaders of hotels. The research results show that the job characteristics factor is ranked as the first, the second factor is the working environment, the third factor is salary and welfare, the fourth factor is direct management, and the last ranking factor is the employee’s personality. Twenty-one indicators belonging to five factors were ranked through Liou and Wang’s (1992) method; the results showed that they ranked in the first three positions and had the most influence on hotel employee engagement as rated by experts, including recognizing employee efforts ranked first; the second factor is working together to achieve a common goal, and meaningful and purposive are ranked as the third factor. Meanwhile, the three factors with the lowest rankings, skills requirement, are ranked 19, the 20th place belongs to full facility, and the last place belongs to the sociable, enthusiastic, and friendly.

Sustainability indicators for evaluation of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus in urban agriculture

ABSTRACT Application of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus system is essential for addressing Water-Energy-Food Security and Environmental Protection in urban agricultural areas. However, there is currently no standardized framework for measuring and comparing sustainability indicators in these areas using the WEF Nexus practices. This study proposes sustainability measurement indicators to evaluate the WEF Nexus sustainability. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to identify the most crucial indicators for policymakers. The WEF nexus sustainability indicators were selected based on three dimensions of sustainability: social, environmental, and economic. The study focused on Varamin, a semi-arid city in Tehran that serves as a center for urban agriculture. Research results indicate that water-related components are crucial in arid and semi-arid regions. Based on the environmental sustainability indicators, pollution prevention, with a priority of 52.8%, is a critical component of sustainability. Finally, several key indicators are recommended for decision-makers to address sustainability. Allocating national budgets to create environmental policies and increasing public education on environmental issues are two priorities for achieving sustainability goals. However, future studies should utilize the Analytic Network Process (ANP), which enables interdependencies among decision components, as the AHP approach has some limitations.

Hybrid (Optimal) Selection Model for Phase Change Materials Used in the Cold Energy Storage of Air Conditioning Systems

The latent heat storage of phase change materials (PCMs) can be used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Storing cool energy during the nighttime (off-peak hours) and releasing the cool energy during the daytime (on-peak hours) to reduce the number of starts of the chiller and pumps is a practical approach for achieving energy saving and carbon reduction. Therefore, selecting PCMs is vital for improving energy efficiency and preventing future energy shortages. However, selecting PCMs is complicated by their unique characteristics and types. The purpose of this study was to establish a PCM selection model by combining the Delphi, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) methods to select the optimal PCM type applied in cold storage. A numerical example was used to verify the model’s usability, confirming that A9 is the optimal PCM for the cold storage of an air conditioning system. This three-stage PCM selection model combining the Delphi, AHP, and VIKOR approaches provides a more suitable selection model and considers the selection method of material criteria. Moreover, it can solve the problem of difficult PCM selection. Simultaneously, it considers mechanisms to incorporate a company’s primary considerations into material selection for real-world applications. These results can facilitate material evaluation and selection during system design and material qualification, helping companies achieve the goals of energy saving, carbon reduction, and sustainable management in the future.

Adaptable leadership for arid/semi-arid wetlands conservation under climate change: Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach

Adverse socio-economic and environmental impacts of climate change on wetlands have enforced the international community and many nations to develop adaptive policies for wetland management, which require effective leadership to influence relevant stakeholders. This study identifies and prioritizes leadership functions and theories for climate change adaptation (CCA) in wetlands ecosystems, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. A mixed qualitative-quantitative research methodology was applied through focus groups and a survey with a sample of national, sub-national, and local experts on wetlands management and climate change in Iran. The Analytic Hierarchy Processing (AHP) technique identified the political-administrative (weight = 0.245), adaptive (W = 0.244), and enabling (W = 0.237) functions for CCA, respectively, as three prioritized leadership functions, followed by the dissemination function (W = 0.102), which emphasizes the necessity of applying and enhancing leaders' social capacities, knowledge, communication skills, and personal networks to facilitate social learning and actions regarding CCA in local communities and among relevant organizations. It is necessary to overcome structural and functional barriers for leaders and their followers to information access and involvement in participatory decision-making platforms. Moreover, network and communication leadership theories (W = 0.368) and sustainable leadership perspectives (W = 0.362), respectively, have the highest priority among leadership theories and are crucial for establishing participatory decision-making among relevant stakeholders and applying adaptive strategies for wetlands governance under climate change conditions. The reconceptualization of leadership as a complex adaptive notion draws attention to the social complexities and emerging characteristics of leadership in contemporary societies and organizations. The understanding of leaders' and followers’ networks and identifying the core role of leaders provides a foundation for developing leadership functions and theories beyond hierarchical, individualistic, and one-way concepts of leadership.

Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method in Comparing Stakeholder Perceptions of Tourism Impact in Mentawai Islands

Tourism has become one of the important industries in the Mentawai Islands. Some people depend on the tourism sector. The tourism sector does not come without any consequences or impacts, both positive and negative. Each tourism stakeholder has a perception of the tourism impact. It is necessary to trace stakeholders’ perceptions of the impact of tourism on a tourist destination so that these perceptions can be a reference in tourism development that can represent the interests of all parties. This study explored stakeholder perceptions of tourism impact in the Mentawai Islands. The stakeholders studied in this study are local governments and local communities. This quantitative research used the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach to obtain priority impacts from both stakeholder groups. Analyzing stakeholder perceptions seldom use the AHP method. The method is different from quantitative methods in general. A mathematical approach determines stakeholder perceptions of tourism impacts instead of statistical approaches. The tourism impact focused on three main impacts, i.e., economic, socio-cultural, and environmental impacts. The study shows that local governments' perceptions of the tourism impact are dominant in the economic impact (40.14%). Meanwhile, the local community’s perceptions tend to the environmental impact (40.24%). When compared, several impact criteria are considered equally important by both stakeholder groups. Based on this, the comparison of these two stakeholder perceptions can be a reference in the development of tourism in the Mentawai Islands.

Identifying and Ranking Critical Factors for using Social Media as Health Information Source: An Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach

Identifying and Ranking Critical Factors for using Social Media as Health Information Source: An Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach

确定医疗旅游的目的地竞争力： 基于AHP-QFD框架的研究

This study investigates the competitiveness of Alanya, a medical tourism destination in Türkiye, and determines appropriate strategies using the analytical hierarchy process and quality function deployment. Data were collected from medical tourism experts to gain managerial insights into the factors affecting the competitiveness of medical tourism. The findings show that medical tourists primarily focus on medical factors such as competence of doctor and quality of treatment. The main strategies to strengthen competitiveness are to create a healthcare-free zone, to increase the number of accredited health care providers, and to encourage the involvement of doctors in academic research and ongoing training. For researchers interested in assessing competitiveness in medical tourism destinations, the study presents general determinants that should be considered in each destination. In addition, the findings show that each medical tourism destination should focus on its own determinants of medical tourism competitiveness when developing its marketing strategies. Finally, it shows that the analytical hierarchy process and quality function deployment approaches can be successfully applied in achieving destination competitiveness and strategic planning, with content validity and importance performance analysis.

Understanding and mitigating water resource decline in the Deli watershed: a comprehensive analysis

Abstract In Indonesia, the common method for determining water resources' carrying capacity in an area has been the comparison of water availability and water demand. However, water resources' carrying capacity constitutes a complex system with interrelated variables that interact and influence one another. This study employs both the System Dynamics and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approaches, which are subsequently integrated to develop an index that effectively represents the status of the water resources' carrying capacity, to investigate the water resources' carrying capacity in the Deli Watershed, one of the National Strategic River Regions and a raw water supplier for three cities/regencies in North Sumatera Province. The focus is on the quantity of water resources and designing scenarios to address challenges posed by economic and population growth that cause changes in land use. The results indicate that without intervention, the water resources' carrying capacity index declines, reaching a concerning status by 2038; however, integrated programs targeting birth and in-migration rates, domestic water use reduction, and land restoration can lead to a positive trajectory, emphasizing the unique integration of System Dynamics and AHP hold promise for sustainable water resources management practices.