Analytical Elements Research Articles

¡No te vacunes! La ciudadanía biológica como dispositivo de control y forma de resistencia frente a las políticas en salud

From the case of the anti-vaccine groups, in this article we review what we believe is a weakness of Foucault’s concept of biopolitics: which is the inability to propose analytical elements to explain the practices of resistance towards health policies promoted by the state. To address this analysis, we consider the ideas proposed in the post-Foucauldian concept of biological citizenship from where they are analyzed communications legal articulations of citizen groups organized to achieve specific strategic goals for their health conditions are analyzed from the perspective of this concept. We conclude that although resistance to state health initiatives can be analyzed as a daily practice, we argue that not everyone can exercise this freedom on their bodies, being reserved for small groups of the population.

Review: Dance and Drama in French Baroque Opera: A History, by Rebecca Harris-Warrick

Dance and Drama in French Baroque Opera: A History , by Rebecca Harris-Warrick. Cambridge Studies in Opera. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2016. xx, 484 pp. In the mid-1700s, notorious rake Giacomo Casanova attended a performance of Andre Campra's Les fetes venitiennes (1710) at the Paris Opera. His reactions varied from amusement (the backdrop placed the bell tower and the ducal palace on the wrong side of Saint Mark's Square) to boredom induced by Campra's music. Most noteworthy to him, however, was the enthusiastic response of the audience to the dancer Louis Dupre, marked by total silence during his appearance and vigorous applause upon its conclusion. According to Casanova, his French companion explained this reverence by stating, “Such is the power of beauty and goodness, of the sublime and the truth to nature which penetrate the soul. … This is true dance.”1 Although the French passion for dance has long been acknowledged by scholars, histories of French Baroque opera have primarily pursued an ideological or evolutionary approach to the development of the genre. No previous work on French Baroque opera has fully addressed the tutued elephant in the room—the pervasiveness of dance within these genres. Rebecca Harris-Warrick's Dance and Drama in French Baroque Opera seeks to redress this omission, tracing developments from 1672 (the premiere of Jean-Baptiste Lully's Cadmus et Hermione ) to 1735. Harris-Warrick's thesis is that dance, far from being a supplemental or incidental aspect of French Baroque musical theater, is in fact fundamental to its dramaturgy, and that those parts of a …

Field Emergence in Civil Society: A Theoretical Framework and Its Application to Community-Led Housing Organisations in England

The paper aims to develop a better understanding of the evolution and structuration of contemporary civil society fields. It applies analytical elements from field theories and closely related network governance literature within a qualitative research design to explore collective action around community-led housing (CLH) in England, a label assigned to a range of alternative housing models. We argue that collective action needs to be understood as a loose coupling of earlier and younger social movements, based on their shared awareness of and willingness to address macro-level societal problems. We further identify a gradual evolution of field governance from loose covenanting between sub-fields, development of a common project, to network activation to manage significant external funding. This process has not yet led to a unified field with stable internal governance and wide external legitimacy on the national level. However, an embryonic field structure and permeable boundaries provide CLH actors multiple hybrid identities and strategic positioning opportunities in adjacent fields. We believe that our strategic field perspective can shed light on the nature of collective action in other parts of the civil society.

Groundwater modelling using an analytic element method and finite difference method: An insight into Lower Ganga river basin

Groundwater flow modelling provides the water flow dynamics for the estimation and prediction of groundwater movement and its condition in the aquifer. The modelling helps for the management of the groundwater resources under various hydrological and anthropogenic stresses. In this paper, a modelling exercise was performed using the analytic element method (AEM) and finite difference method (FDM) for the part of Ganga river basin which includes the Varanasi district. Further compression was performed to understand the limitations and benefits of both AEM and FDM based on ease of model development, data requirement and their performances. The groundwater model was developed for the transient state condition based on data for the year 2004–2017. The results show that for most of the observed wells, the difference between the observed head and the simulated head is found in the 90% confidence level. It is found that the AEM does not require a fixed boundary condition which makes the development of the conceptual model less complicated. In the FDM, pumping wells are approximately located and averaged over the cell which becomes a cause of the inaccurate location of the wells. It is found that model development in the AEM is less complicated compared to the FDM. It can be concluded that in some cases AEM-based modelling is more accurate as compared to FDM-based flow modelling. This study can be very helpful for groundwater professionals in deciding the best suitable method for their study area and to avoid the complexity of the model.

The mythical mind of the Older Stone Age – a Lévi-Straussian reappraisal

ABSTRACTLévi-Strauss’ concept of the mythical mind, alternatively spoken of as ‘the Wild Mind’, or ‘logic of the concrete’ is the focus of this article. First, it aims at explaining how the mind – and what is ‘on’ the minds of people in a given context – is expressed through diverse media of art, like myths. Through the brief example of Lévi-Strauss’ myth analysis, I attempt to explain how the dilemmas, values and ambiguities of a given group is told through the mythic narrative with all their elements and actors and moreover, how myth analysis reveals such ‘oppositions’ through the narratives’ smallest elements, the mythemes and their internal relationship. Second, this article aims at explaining how rock art is connected to the myths of its context of production, but not as a picture version of the narrative. While myths can be understood through mythemes, rock art can be analyzed by way of the motemes. Motemes are defined as depicted thematizations of topics of great value to the makers of this rock art, and as such, analytical elements which serve as a source to the understanding of the Late Mesolithic mind in northern Europe.

Chassis Leasing and Selection Policy for Port Operations

The authors present a solution methodology they implemented to address two decision problems that port operators face. Their methodology represents a novel approach that combines elements of predictive, prescriptive, and descriptive analytics, and of simulation.

Qualitative Assessment of Vaccine Hesitancy in Romania.

Background and objectives: Health systems all over the world are confronted with an alarming rise of cases in which individuals hesitate, delay, and even refuse vaccination, despite availability of quality vaccine services. In order to mitigate and combat this phenomenon, which are now defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as vaccine hesitancy (VH), we must first understand the factors that lead to its occurrence in an era characterized by wide access to safe and effective vaccines. To achieve this, we conducted field testing of the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS), as it was developed by the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts Working Group (SAGE WG), in Cluj-Napoca city, Cluj County, Romania. The scale is designed to quantify VH prevalence in a population, establish which vaccines generate the highest percentage of hesitancy, and allow a qualitative assessment of the individual’s reasons for hesitance. Materials and Methods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional survey, which was comprised of descriptive, analytical, and qualitative elements regarding VH. The necessary sample size was 452 individuals. The VHS and Matrix of Determinants (recommended by SAGE WG) for reasons people gave to justify their hesitance, was interpreted by qualitative thematic analysis (QTA) to ensure the validity and reliability in detecting hesitancy across various cultural settings and permit global comparisons. Results: We found a VH of 30.3% and 11.7% of parents reported refusing to vaccinate their child. Among the VH responders, the varicella vaccine generated 35% hesitancy, measles vaccine 27.7%, Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 24.1%, and mumps vaccine 23.4%, respectively. The QTA values for percent agreement ranged from 91% to 100%. Cohen’s Kappa values ranged from 0.45 to 0.95. Contextual influences identified for VH were “media,” “leaders and lobbies,” and “perception of the pharmaceutical industry.” Individual and group influences for VH were “beliefs,” “knowledge,” and “risk/benefits (perceived).” Vaccine and vaccination specific issues for VH were “risk/benefit (rational)” and “health care practitioners (trustworthiness, competence).” Conclusions: One-third of the investigated population had expressed VH, and a further one-third of these had refused a vaccine for their child. Chicken Pox, Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR), and HPV vaccines generated the most hesitation. Negative information from the media was the most frequently evoked reason for VH.

Evaluation of Application of Nutritional Status Assessment for Children Under 5 years by Using IMCI Program in a Sample of Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nation International Children Fund (UNICEF) developed a strategy known as Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI); which aims to reduce less than five years children morbidity and mortality in developing countries.
 Objective: To assess the completion of the IMCI format status in primary health care centers, Baghdad.
 Methods: A cross sectional study with analytic element was conducted during the period from 15th of January till 15th May 2016 in selected Primary health centers in Baghdad, Iraq. The sample consists of form of child files less than 2 months and form from 2 month up to 5 years children. Classified correctively, determined follow up visits, Comparison classified of nutritional status assessment between health center and IMCI guideline.
 Result: 1400 child files were collected, 1295 from child files (2months-5year), and 105 forms from child less than 2 month. In form less than 2 months (correct classified 54.29%, incorrect 45.71%), (Determined date of follow up 13.33%, not determined 86.67%).Form from (2month-5years) (57.07% correct classified, 43.93% incorrect classified), (Determined date Follow up visit 38.38%, Not determined visit 61.62%).
 Conclusion: Impaired classification of nutritional status assessment

Are the analytical proper elements of asteroids still needed?

The asteroid proper elements computed from an analytical secular perturbation theory are thought to be of inferior accuracy with respect to the synthetic proper elements computed by means of a purely numerical procedure. To verify this, we carried out two different tests: one based on a plain comparison of the analytical and synthetic proper elements to check whether they differ by more than the corresponding errors of synthetic elements, and the other consisting in direct determination of instabilities of analytical elements themselves. In both tests, we used much larger samples than in the previous attempts. The results clearly confirm the superior quality of synthetic values. We also present a new synthetic method to determine the locations of secular resonances, based on a polynomial fit of the values of asteroid secular rates g, s, and subsequent computation of resonance frequencies on a grid in the phase space of proper elements. Plots showing the contour lines corresponding to selected small values of resonant divisors serve to visualize the resonance locations. We analyzed in detail the accuracy of the fit and of the secular resonance locations, comparing them with the previously available positions determined by means of the analytical theory; we found that the two methods give qualitatively the same results, but that the results of the new synthetic method appear to be more reliable. In view of the above results, we conclude that the regular maintenance of the catalog of analytical proper elements can be discontinued in the future.

The automotive stabilizer bars prepared by the third-generation method of composite fabrications

The functions of circular braided composite materials in suspension stabilizer bars were investigated in an effort to reduce vehicle weights. By applying these composites in the automotive industry, productivity was also considered and was increased by using a third-generation method of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic fabrication (the PulPress® process). Analytic and finite element analyses were carried out to determine the geometric parameters of the composite stabilizer bars. The static and dynamic properties were measured and compared with theoretical estimations. The feasibility of the third-generation method is discussed with a process capability analysis.

Методические аспекты количественного элементного анализа органических соединений с применением автоматических CHNS-анализаторов

In this article the methodical aspects of quantitative elemental analysis of organic compounds on the automatic CHNS-analyzers, combining the method of Dumas-Pregl and gas chromatographic separation of analytic forms elements (N2, CO2, H2O, SO2) recorded by the thermal conductivity detector are explored. Also there are shown methods of calibration of the thermal conductivity detector, including the traditional way that uses one standard sample and the way that uses three standard samples with different quantitative content determined elements. Besides, attached the methodical approach, which is used in quantitative elemental analysis of organic compounds and their mixtures on the automatic CHNS-analyzers made on local and abroad plants, is based on operative control of calibration characteristics that we get from the thermal conductivity detector (characteristics and results of a standard sample of known composition before and after elemental analysis of unknown compound).

An impedance-based diameter gauge for in-pile fuel deformation measurements

During irradiation, the fuel-cladding interface of a nuclear fuel rod can experience significant mechanical and chemical interaction. In-situ measurement of the radial deformation of the cladding can quantify the extent of this interaction and the state of the cladding. Existing capabilities to perform in-pile diameter measurements are limited by required contact and an intrusive presence of a device near to a specimen. To overcome these limitations, researchers have developed and evaluated an electrical impedance based diameter gauge using a benchtop system. The sensor consists of an electrically conductive concentric ring around the fuel cladding such that the electrical impedance between the ring and cladding is measured. The cladding diameter is determined through a measurement of the electrical impedance between the electrodes with a known ring electrode diameter. Analytic and three-dimensional finite element analyses (FEA) were used to quantify the measurement sensitivity, uncertainty, and off-design conditions. The experimental sensor measured diameters with less than 20 μm of error, and had a measurement resolution of less than1 μm for diameters ranging from 9.5 to 9.6 mm. The uncertainty analysis for the experimental setup estimated an uncertainty of 20 μm, consistent with the experimentally measured results.

Algebraic Structure of Classical Field Theory: Kinematics and Linearized Dynamics for Real Scalar Fields

We describe the elements of a novel structural approach to classical field theory, inspired by recent developments in perturbative algebraic quantum field theory. This approach is local and focuses mainly on the observables over field configurations, given by certain spaces of functionals which are studied here in depth. The analysis of such functionals is characterized by a combination of geometric, analytic and algebraic elements which (1) make our approach closer to quantum field theory, (2) allow for a rigorous analytic refinement of many computational formulae from the functional formulation of classical field theory and (3) provide a new pathway towards understanding dynamics. Particular attention will be paid to aspects related to nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations and their linearizations.

Modeling of the exploding foil initiator and related circuitry for the variable mode of operation

Analytical and numerical models, validated against published data, were developed to calculate the velocity and time of arrival duration (ToAD) of the flyer-plasma material at the top of the barrel of an exploding foil initiator (EFI), as commonly used in explosive devices. Such tools will aid system designers in the optimization of capacitor discharge circuit (CDC) or EFI bridge material properties. The analytical elements of the approach developed support the requirement for the consideration of mass ejection variation with respect to initial capacitor voltage. The numerical elements of the approach developed demonstrate that EFI design alteration to increase flyer mass is less effective in reducing ToAD than supply voltage modulation via the CDC. This finding is of particular relevance for in situ control of functional performance characteristics. This work goes on to demonstrate that such control is impracticable when using hexanitrostilbene, since the initial capacitor voltages necessary to yield appropriate ToAD for deflagration deliver insufficient energy to instigate a response from the EFI.

Spin-dependent transport characterization in metallic lateral spin valves using one-dimensional and three-dimensional modeling

We present the analysis of the spin signals obtained in NiFe based metallic lateral spin valves. We exploit the spin dependent diffusive equations in both the conventional 1D analytic modeling as well as in 3D Finite Element Method simulations. Both approaches are used for extracting the spin diffusion length $l_{sf}^{N}$ and the effective spin polarization $P_{eff}$ in Py/Al, Py/Cu and Py/Au based lateral nano-structures at both $300\,K$ and $77\,K$. Both the analytic modeling and 3D Finite Element Method simulations give consistent results. Combination of both models provides a powerful tool for reliable spin transport characterization in all metallic spin valves and gives an insight into the spin/charge current and spin accumulations 3D distributions in these devices. We provide the necessary ingredients to develop the 3D finite element modeling of diffusive spin transport.

Analytic solutions for fresh groundwater lenses floating on saline water under desert dunes: The Kunin-Van Der Veer legacy revisited

A fully-saturated lens of steady fresh groundwater floating in a homogeneous and isotropic desert sandy aquifer is analytically studied based on a hydrological model by Kunin and interface solution by Van Der Veer. A static saline groundwater is beneath the lens. A phreatic surface of moving fresh water inside the lens is partially recharged (either naturally or by managed aquifer recharge) from the vadose zone and partially exfiltrates to it. A spatially focused recharge and intensive evapotranspiration preserve a steady downward-upward topology of fresh water motion. In terms of the 1-D Dupuit-Forchheimer approximation in a horizontal in-lens saturated flow a boundary value problem (BVP) for an ODE for the Strack potential is solved. The shape of the water table and, based on the Ghijben-Herzberg assumption, the interface are found. The total volume of the positive-pore pressure water flowing within the lens is evaluated. Constant infiltration and evaporation rates as well as evaporation linearly decreasing with depth of the water table (counted from the ground surface) are considered. The case of 2-D flow is tackled by the Toth model. A triangular analytic element approximates a half of the flow domain and consists of an isobaric side and two no-flow sides. Conformal mapping of this triangle onto a reference plane and solution of the Dirichlet BVP in a half-plane deliver the distribution of infiltration-exfiltration intensity along the water table, total flow rate and locus of the hinge point. A mathematically more cumbersome approximation of the flow domain assumes the water table to be a tilted straight line but the interface to be found as a free boundary. Solution of the corresponding BVP uses a curvilinear triangle in the hodograph plane.

Deep eutectic solvent microextraction of lead(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II) and manganese(II) ions for the separation and preconcentration in some oil samples from Turkey prior to their microsampling flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination

A new liquid phase microextraction method based on deep eutectic solvent microextraction was developed for separation and preconcentration of lead, cobalt, nickel and manganese from edible oil samples like sunflower oil, baby oil, trout, waste frying oil and syrup-soaked pastry oil. A choline chloride deep eutectic solvent was used for microextraction. After extraction, analytical concentrations were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Effects of analytical parameters such as type and volume of deep eutectic solvent, sample volume, and temperature on extraction efficiency of lead, cobalt, nickel and manganese were optimized. The recoveries were generally >95%. The relative standard deviation (RSD, %, n = 7) of 50 μg/ L of analyte elements was in the range of 0.9–4.3%. Accuracy of presented microextraction method was checked by addition-recovery studies to oil samples. The presented deep eutectic solvent microextraction method was finally applied to edible oil samples and waste oils with different properties for the determination of analyte contents.

Quantitative Analysis of Trace Metals in Engine Oil Using Indirect Ablation-Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

In engine oil, the element composition and concentration changes as the engine operates. A rapid and effective detection of these changes, therefore, is needed to prevent accidents. Indirect ablation laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (IA-LIBS) is a new technology introduced specially for oil samples. In this paper, 5 different oils are used for the analysis. The matrix effect on the calibration curves of analytical elements (Cu, Ti, Fe, and Ni) in these oils is investigated. The results show that the matrix effect is reasonably negligible under the conditions of our experiment. A generalized calibration curve can be established for analytical metals in different types of oils. We use the generalized calibration curves established to determine the concentrations of Cu, Ti, Fe, and Ni in mixed oils. The IA-LIBS results show that good agreement is obtained between the measured and known values.

A comparative study of the proximate, FTIR analysis and mineral elements of the leaves and stem bark oF Grewia lasiocarpa E.Mey. ex Harv.: An indigenous southern African plant

The crude powder of the leaves and stem bark of Grewia lasiocarpa E.Mey. ex Harv., commonly known as forest raisins were analysed for proximate chemical composition (% ash, % carbohydrate, % moisture, % crude lipid, % crude protein and % crude fibre), using the methods of Association of Official analytical chemist (AOAC) and the energy (Kcal) was derived. The FTIR spectrum in the mid-infrared region (4000–400 cm−1) was used for the identification of the different functional groups present. An analytical comparison of the Certified Reference Material (CRM) White Clover (BCR 402) gave a significant correlation between the certified values of the analyte elements (mg Kg−1) and the data obtained using Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) microscopy. The fluorescence characters of the leaves and stem powder were done after treatment with different chemicals.The proximate composition of the ash, carbohydrate, moisture, crude lipid, crude protein and crude fibre (leaves/stem bark) were 33.67 ± 1.04%/24.17 ± 4.25%, 18.75 ± 8.47%/6.74 ± 1.08%, 6.84 ± 3.46%/6.04 ± 0.44%, 2.67 ± 1.15%/2.00 ± 0.00%, 11.93 ± 4.62%/4.25 ± 0.65% and 25.81 ± 2.31%/ 55.59 ± 5.55% while the derived energy values were 146.75 ± 33.56 KCal 100 g−1/61.96 ± 4.07 KCal 100 g−1, respectively. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of functional groups such as C=O, C–H, =C–H, C–O in the leaves and stem bark of G. lasiocarpa, which are responsible for of hemicellulose, alkanes, aromatics, alkynes and carboxylic acid. The EDXRF analysis revealed the presence of elements, including the essential elements such as Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), Molybdenum (Mo), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu) and Chromium (Cr) in various proportions. The fluorescent analysis revealed varied colours of brown, green, red and purple in the crude powder of G. lasiocarpa E. leaves and stem bark. The results obtained validate the potential use of G. lasiocarpa as a plant with appreciable medicinal and functional food properties although documentation on its ethnobotany is relatively limited.

Exact separation of radial and angular correlation energies in two-electron atoms

Partitioning of helium atom’s correlation energy into radial and angular contributions, although of fundamental interest, has eluded critical scrutiny. Conventionally, radial and angular correlation energies of helium atom are defined for its ground state as deviations, from Hartree-Fock and exact values, of the energy obtained using a purely radial wavefunction devoid of any explicit dependence on the interelectronic distance. Here, we show this rationale to associate the contribution from radial-angular coupling entirely to the angular part underestimating the radial one, thereby also incorrectly predict non-vanishing residual radial probability densities. We derive analytic matrix elements for the high-precision Hylleraas basis set framework to seamlessly uncouple the angular correlation energy from its radial counterpart. The resulting formula agrees with numerical cubature yielding precise purely angular correlation energies for the ground as well as excited states. Our calculations indicate 60.2% of helium’s correlation energy to arise from strictly radial interactions; when excluding the contribution from the radial-angular coupling, this value drops to 41.3%.