Analysis Of Various Interpretations Research Articles

ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД К ИСПРАВЛЕНИЮ ОСУЖДЕННЫХ СРЕДИ ДРУГИХ НАУЧНЫХ ПОДХОДОВ

The article outlines the main scientific approaches to the correction of convicts in the works of domestic and foreign scientists. The results of solving two research problems are presented. In accordance with the first of them, the analysis of various interpretations of the concept of “correction” in relation to a convicted person for a committed crime, existing within the framework of philosophical, legal, pedagogical and medical approaches, is given. Approaches to the correction of convicts are considered in the development of the views of representatives of these sciences, their distinctive features are shown in the interpretation of factors, causes and conditions affecting the formation and development of qualities and personality traits of the convicted person, which prevent them from committing new crimes. In the course of solving the second task, a characteristic of the psychological approach to the correction of the convict is given. In this regard, the possibilities of using methods of psychoanalysis, behaviorist and humanistic approaches, transactional analysis and gestalt therapy in psychological work on the correction of convicts are analyzed.

THEORETICAL ASPECT OF PERSONNEL ADAPTATION

This article reveals the theoretical aspects of the basic concept of personnel adaptation as the most important task of personnel management. In the order of occurrence of all scientific concepts, a complete analysis of various interpretations of domestic and foreign researchers are carried out. In addition, new characteristic features of the content are identified, the main goals and main tasks of adaptation are determined in the opinion of all employees and the organization as a whole. One of the most relevant research topics in the field of human resource management is currently the adaptation of employees accepted into the organization. However, before talking about the methods of building a system for the introduction of personnel into a position and a team, developing trainings and numerous training programs, it is necessary to determine what the essence of this concept is. Currently, personnel adaptation is the main component of a personnel management system. The adaptation process itself is controlled and aimed at adapting all new employees to the main culture of the organization, to the entire internal order of the organization, as well as to all the specific requirements and expectations that this company offers, to their main place of work. In addition, adaptation reduces not only a certain amount of time, but also the financial costs of mastering the workplace and independent work with maximum efficiency. Consequently, the adaptation process is effective for both management and employees. Therefore, we can say that this issue is very important in management. Accordingly, all issues of personnel adaptation in the workplace are the main problem for any company, since personnel acts as the main technology. This technology is implemented thanks to a certain personnel policy and is approved by the organization. The results of the research presented in the article can be used to create systems for personnel adaptation of various commercial enterprises. Thus, for a more detailed development of this topic, it is envisaged to assess the impact of the organized process of personnel adaptation in order to preserve and develop the levels of corporate culture of the company, as well as to stabilize and improve the socio-psychological climate in the organization. The proposed article reveals the features of the “adaptation” category, and also presents the principles according to which mechanisms for introducing new employees should be developed.

Cost modeling of the urbanized territories living environment

In recent years, the main vector of scientific research in the field of regional economics has been the development of large localized economic systems. It was proposed to use the term “urbanized territory” as one of the generalizing terms for describing socio-economic systems. The analysis of various interpretations of the concept of “urbanized territory” allowed us to identify and form a limited list of their inherent characteristics and propose an author’s approach to their definition. A general formalized cost model for the development of urbanized territories is proposed, which includes basic infrastructure elements, as well as improvement coefficients for each block. Taking into account the projected investments, the structure of financing measures for the formation of the cost part within the framework of cost modeling, as well as cost distribution options among the main subjects of the formation of an urbanized territory are proposed. Due to the fact that urbanized territories have different levels of urban planning value, the authors in the article propose a marginality coefficient of the territory, which characterizes the change in the market value of real estate in a specific location of the urbanized territory, depending on the formed parameters of the living environment.

Идея культуроцентризма в современной российской философии

The concept of “cultural centrism” was traditionally used to characterize Russian philosophy of the 19th century, which was called culture-centric, since the issue of Russia's cultural identity was at the center of its attention. In Soviet Russia, the idea of culture-centrism fades into the background, as Marxist-Leninist philosophy positions culture as a superstructure on top of the economic basis. In post-Soviet Russia, as a result of the crisis of Marxist-Leninist philosophy, a serious epistemological shift is taking place — a transition from a formational approach to a civilizational one. Within the framework of the latter, culture is defined as the basis — the fundamental factor of social development. Thus, the idea of culture-centrism is actualized. The paper provides the analysis of various interpretations of the idea of culture-centrism in Russian philosophy of the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The purpose of the study is to highlight the assessment of the worldview and methodological potential of this idea by leading Russian philosophers. The methodological apparatus of the research results out of synthesis of methods: qualitative content analysis in its historical and philosophical version, hermeneutics and comparative studies. The authors represent both apologetic and critical positions regarding the understanding of the worldview and methodological potential of the idea of cultural centrism, consider the possibility of turning this idea into the principle of social being and cognition. In conclusion, the paper comes up with the statement that the fate of the idea of culture-centrism in Russian philosophy will ultimately depend on how it manages to gain conceptual validity and scientific rigor.

Hybrid Warfare: Politico-Military Pankration of the 21st Century

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of interstate confrontation known as “hybrid war.” It attempts to consider this phenomenon in relation to pankration, the ancient Greek martial art with minimum limitations. The paper defines the philosophical and historical preconditions for hybrid war, its epistemological and ideological aspects. The author assesses the statement declaring Russia guilty of waging this type of war. Analysis of relevant sources allows us to answer the question of the theoretical prerequisites for the formation of the concept of hybrid wars and to name the authors who first expressed ideas of the transformation of war into a new type of military confrontation. An attempt is made to perform a comparative analysis of various interpretations of the concept of “hybrid war.” The place of this concept among others that are related to the so-called “new wars” is considered. The author questions a negative connotation to the concept of hybrid war and the legitimacy of attempts by Western countries to attribute the conduct of this type of military action exclusively to Russia. A number of countries attempt to use Russia as a “scapegoat,” and this complex has been described by the French philosopher R. Girard. A broader interpretation of this mechanism leads to sacralization of collective aggression, but not in relation to an individual but in relation to a participant in international relations. Comprehension of the essential features of hybrid war, of its tendencies towards eliminating restrictions and regulating forms and methods of achieving military and political goals makes it possible to identify the possibilities of resisting aggressive aspirations of some countries trying to impose their scenarios for resolving international contradictions on other states.

Extremism as a factor of destabilization of the legal environment

The purpose of the article is a comprehensive scientific study of theoretical and practical problems associated with the implementation of the basic principles and directions of countering extremism as a threat to the national security of Russia. The methodological basis of the research was based on general scientific, private, and special methods of cognition.. Methods of formal logic: description, comparison, classification, analysis and synthesis, and others, allowed characterizing the transformations in the field of countering extremism at the present time. The results of the study allow us to conclude that the definition of extremism is a very controversial issue, since there is no consensus among scientists in this respect, which emphasizes the importance and indicates the need to develop an agreed concept of extremism for its recognition at the national and international levels. Based on the theoretical and legal analysis of various interpretations of the term “extremism”, we have formulated this concept in its modern interpretation.

Interpretation of Ecclesiastical Heritage: Where are we? What Next?

This paper questions the applicability of the New Museology at European Christian churches, discussing the ontological incompatibility of plural and relative worldview of the postmodern cultural paradigm and religious realism. Following the analysis of various interpretations collected from the three prominent European denominations the paper concludes that the more content a denomination appears to be over the postmodern cultural paradigm of New Museology, the more likely it is to experiment with postmodern interpretative strategies. The paper moves one step forward elucidating this causal relationship should not be considered as a simple cause and effect relationship bound within a causal determinism. Considering that the heritage interpretation of religious settings is a multidimensional praxis the paper calls future researchers to be mindful of the multiple concurrent and contingent factors influencing interpretations at Christian churches.

Роль «североатлантического треугольника» в становлении канадской внешней политики: к вопросу о трактовках концепта

An analysis of various interpretations of the concept of the “North Atlantic Triangle” in the context of the development of Canadian foreign policy in the late 19th – first half of the 20th centuries is presented. The relevance of the work is due to the need to study the interaction of the Atlantic powers in historical dynamics, with an emphasis on the origins of the development of the “North Atlantic triangle”. Based on the classic works of Canadian historians and the works of modern researchers, the concept of the “North Atlantic Triangle” is analyzed through three main ideas: the “bookkeeper’s puzzle”, the idea of “counterweight” and the idea of a “bridge” or “linchpin”. It is concluded that the development of Canadian national interests began long before Canadians recognized themselves as a nation and gained the ability to pursue an independent foreign policy. This process was largely determined by a specific relationship between two centers of gravity: Great Britain and the United States. Canada was the weakest side of this construct, therefore, for reasons of security and the preservation of its own interests, it developed certain scenarios of relations with the Atlantic partners. Depending on historical circumstances, the emphasis in these scenarios was different. That is why interpretations of the concept of the “North Atlantic Triangle” often differ depending on the subject content and chronological boundaries of a particular study. However, it has been proven that the main goal setting of Canadian foreign policy priorities – to ensure their own security and derive maximum benefit from relations within the “North Atlantic Triangle”, skillfully smoothing out contradictions and maneuvering between Great Britain and the United States – remained unchanged.

Investment and investment process: genesis and modern approach

The article considers various domestic and foreign approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «investment» as an economic category in retrospect (historical analysis of the origin and development of investment theory) and at the present stage of development. Based on the critical analysis of various interpretations, the paper formulates the author’s definition of the concept of «investment». In turn, investment, as one of the most important elements of the economy, is the basis for the development of territories characterized by the level of development of investment processes in them. The article analyses various interpretations of the concept of «investment process», carries out their systematization, and proposes the author’s definition of the concept. The research uses methods of bibliographic and logical analysis as well as a systematic approach.

ПРОФЕСІЙНА ПІДГОТОВКА МАЙБУТНІХ МАГІСТРІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ОСВІТИ ДО ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЯК НАУКОВА ПРОБЛЕМА

Стаття присвячена проблемі професійної підготовки майбутніх педагогів у закладах вищої освіти. Зокрема, розкрито сутність поняття професійна підготовка майбутніх магістрів початкової освіти до інноваційної діяльності. На основі аналізу різноманітних трактувань сутності професійної підготовки запропоновано власне формулювання означеної дефініції. Автор зазначає, що «професійна підготовка майбутніх магістрів початкової освіти до інноваційної діяльності» − це система організаційно-педагогічних умов, відповідного освітнього середовища закладу вищої освіти та наявності навчально-методичного забезпечення, спрямованих на формування професійної готовності магістрантів до інноваційної діяльності.

Analysis of financial indicators used to assess the sustainability of companies

The authors present a methodology for using financial indicators to assess the value of companies. The article is dedicated to a comprehensive research of EBITDA. As a research objective, the authors identified an attempt to solve the problem of companies’comparability with identical proportions of financial results, the possibility of identifying the most financially stable companies. Based on the analysis of various interpretations, applying of this indicator in different directions is considered. As a component of various coefficients that characterize the company’s financial stability, it’s recommended to use the EBITDA indicator. The behooves and opportunities that open up when using it are revealed. The research shows to the need to apply this indicator, because this coefficient is able to more fully reveal the stability of the company, by increasing the amount of real profit, the amount of which is limited due to the presence of a large share of non-cash expenses in companies. In the process of research, such general scientific methods as monitoring, comparison, description, systematic and analytical approach, comparative analysis, scientific abstraction, expert assessment, analysis of reasons and consequences were used.

Цифрові інструменти інноваційного розвитку бізнес-організації

The article deals with topical issues of providing the innovative development of a business organization in the context of its digital transformation. The article aims at studying the essence and role of digital tools in the innovative development of a business organization. Having based the research on a comparative analysis of various interpretations of digital transformation in the modern economic literature, the authors identify the main areas of its influence: digital transformation of society, business environment, employees, and business activities. The connection between digital transformation and the innovative development of a business organization has been analyzed. It has been found out that, on the one hand, digital transformation is a prerequisite for innovative development of a business organization; and on the other hand, an innovative business organization can be both the generator and ambassador of digital transformation promotion. It has been determined that the innovative development of a business organization depends on such digital components as digitalization of employees, business processes, and management. The following digital tools of innovative development of a business organization have been described: digital workplace, communication facilities, document flow, and intelligence system. It has been established that the main factors hindering the «digital well-being» in business organizations are the following: the managers’ ignorance, excessive conservatism, excessive bureaucratization, the presence of a «technological gap» and lack of resources. Promising areas for further research in this area are the development of new digital tools that would complement the list of the existing ones, and the improvement of the mechanisms for their implementation.

Rural Settlements on Peatlands in Moscow Region: Impact of Economic Activities and Climate Changes on Quality of Life

Abstract The impact of the transformation of economic activities and sharp weather and climate changes on the quality of life in rural settlements on peatlands in the Moscow region was analyzed. As theoretical background, an analysis of various interpretations of the concept of the quality of life was carried out, including in the context of sustainable development. The impact of economic and environmental factors of the quality of life in rural settlements on peatlands is considered with respect to their location in the zone of attraction of Moscow. It was concluded that the development of industrialization in the region led to population decline and to increase in the anthropogenic load. This critically increased the vulnerability of peatlands to fluctuations in weather and climate conditions and several times led to serious environmental disasters. At the same time, location in the zone of attraction of Moscow opens up opportunities for improving the quality of life associated with the development of post-industrial recreational use.

К вопросу об интерпретации фортепианных произведений С. С. Прокофьева

In this article an analysis of performing interpretations of Prokofiev’s piano compositions is carried out from the positions of a hermeneutical approach. Interpretation is examined as a means of existence for the musical composition demanding an active creative co-participation of the performer in the recreation of the composer’s artistic conception. Special importance is attributed to the question of the boundaries of interpretation: the necessity of penetration into the innermost semantic strata of the performed composition, the aspiration towards the comprehension of the composer’s conception and the infeasibility of willful treatment of the musical text. The notion is elaborated on that the character of interpretation, its adequacy and convincing qualities depend not only on the musician’s professional level, but also on the magnitude and significance of the personality of the performer. The assertion is made that the analysis of various interpretations of any particular musical composition makes it possible not only to define the performer’s spiritual reference points and value preferences, but also the spiritual atmosphere of the society in which he or she is artistically active, as well as the demand for certain moods or meanings which the composer’s music conveys. The presumption is expressed that the active interest in the music of Prokofiev on the part of performers is stipulated by the character of the intense historical situation in the world creating the feelings of alarm and blight: in Prokofiev’s music especially attractive for musicians are the aspiration towards light, self-assuredness and optimism. The renditions of the piano compositions by Svyatoslav Richter, Maria Grinberg, Emil Gilels, Marta Argerich, Nikolai Petrov, as well as by contemporary pianists, Andrei Gavrilov, Evgeny Kisin, Daniil Trifonov and Grigory Sokolov. Keywords: Sergei Prokofiev, piano compositions, performer’s interpretation, composer’s conception.

The Analysis of the Interpretation and the Essence of Green Logistics

The article is devoted to the analysis of various interpretations of green logistics, which are similar in content and do not contradict each other, but only reflect the point of view of various experts on the same problem: recycling logistics, secondary management logistics of an enterprise, recycling logistics, waste logistics, reverse flow logistics, reverse logistics, eco-logistics, reverse supply chain management, return flow management. The lack of terminological unity makes it necessary to create a classification with regard to different definitions related to the interpretation of this concept in modern approaches to the interpretation of green logistics. The analysis of the various interpretations of green logistics found that in green logistics it is necessary to distinguish two functional areas: logistics of return flows of goods and logistics of waste (logistics of recycling).The purpose of the article is to analyze the interpretation of green logistics and to examine the essence of green logistics for solving management control problems, analyzing and effectively managing the movement of returned, damaged, expired and used goods, production and consumption waste, which starts from the point of their formation to the point of disposal or recycling reduce production waste and costs from returning goods.The objectives of the study are to create a classification of various definitions related to the interpretation of green logistics and the study of the main goal, objectives, functions and principles of green logistics.This research is conducting in the field of green logistics is very important for the conditions of Ukraine, since it is our country that is among the states with the most relative and absolute indicators of waste generation and accumulation. Therefore, the essence of green logistics considering at the micro level, it should be noted that green logistics is associated with the effective management of the flow of returned, damaged, expired and used goods, production and consumption waste both in the forward direction and in the opposite direction and will improve the results of enterprises for expense of saving material resources and reducing the expenditure indicators of the enterprise.

GAPS IN THE RUSSIAN ANTI—CORRUPTION LAW AND UNSPOKEN RULES OF FIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTION

Corruption is quite poorly defined by the Russian law, so it has many definitions. It makes the legal precedent trial procedures more complicated but at the same time it allows the law enforcement bodies choosing the guilty at their own discretion. The article provides an analysis of various interpretations of this legal norm applied in corruption cases. Essential characteristics of corruption are revealed. Corruption is treated as a system comprising four level-related elements, namely the level of public and municipal administration, the level of budget-funded organizations, private sector and international level. The author outlines the focus areas to improve anti-corruption legislation and to conduct relevant scientific studies in this field.

Проблематика умения учиться в отечественной психологии образования: обзор основных концепций

There are many synonymous terms in the Russian literature on educational psychology that describe the reality of the learning to learn (L2L) skill: general learning skills, learning activity, learning independence, learning ability, etc. This makes it difficult to understand the problems of L2L in general, which apparently affects the task of L2L formation. The main purpose of this article is to review the main research approaches to L2L in the Russian educational sciences, to draw distinction between similar terms, and to analyse the problems for which the concept of L2L was initially introduced. We suppose that originally this concept was created to address the issue of knowledge application, but soon the educational practice faced a separate challenge of teaching L2L, hence the task of defining its content. The article provides an analysis of various interpretations of the content of L2L and means of its formation and outlines its main contradictions.

Effective Use of Hands-On Activities, State-of-the-Art Technology, and Computers In Introductory Environmental Geology

As part of a concerted effort to counter a dwindling number of both majors and students taking introductory courses in the Geosciences Department at Franklin and Marshall College, we initiated a new introductory course in environmental geology in 1990. Deliberate efforts to make hands-on activities play a major role in the course were critical to its success and effectiveness. These activities included: 1) in-class problem-solving sessions; 2) in-class debates; 3) in-class critical-thinking sessions (involving analysis of various interpretations of scientific data); 4) laboratory/computer exercises with the emphasis on examining models and developing quantitative reasoning skills; 5) field/laboratory exercises; and 6) an end-of-semester research project that culminated in a symposium with poster-session presentations. In all activities, we incorporated the use of state-of-the-art technologies, including remote sensing imagery, digital analytical equipment, and computer databases. The course has served to ...