Tourism Policy Analysis Research Articles

Analisis Kebijakan Manajemen Transportasi Pemerintah Pada Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Pariwisata Jawa Timur

East Java Province has great tourism potential with tourism-based development that can provide economic growth for East Java Province. It is as an effort to maintain the existence of tourism development and government transportation policies through various tourist destinations and complete new infrastructure. With the rapid development of tourism, the tourism sub-sector makes a major contribution to local government revenues. So, the purpose of this study is to determine the results of the analysis of tourism policy and transportation policy. In the identification, it was found that the transportation variable plays a major role in tourism growth which also affects the economic growth of the surrounding community and the region so that the poverty rate decreases. The results of the study show that of the 13 selected variables have a significant influence on the value of supporting factors for tourism transportation policies, this reflects that among the variables proposed as the role of the government to facilitate the implementation of good tourism for tourism development and government policies, and the results turned out to have an effect on the management of tourist destinations in the implementation of tourism in East Java. Thus, the results of the median and std deviation are fully supported.

ТУРИСТИЧНА ПОЛІТИКА В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ: ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИЙ ДОСВІД

The article provides the analysis of tourism policy under global challenges. The authors consider the main aspects of the implementation of tourism policy in European countries in modern conditions proceeding from the fact that Europe has been one of the centers of tourism for a long time due to a number of factors, among them are: geographical position, level of life, accessibility (railway and air connections) and other factors that facilitate the development of tourism. Moreover, there is a large number of historical and cultural artifacts in most of the European countries – the fact that in combination with their long and successful experience of tourism policy facilitates the attraction of tourists. It has been proved that an important prerequisite for an effective tourism policy is the carefully shaped tourist image of a country. Some countries have formed it relatively recently (France, Italy, the Netherlands), while others are developing it now (Latvia, Romania). Some of the post-Socialist countries have demonstrated considerable progress in forming their images and tourism policies. The article analyses certain country-specific types of tourism: recreation tourism in Croatia with its picturesque seashore and favourable ecological situation; cultural tourism in Germany and Finland – famous for their ancient and modern artifacts (e.g., the Berlin Wall or Raatteen Porti); event tourism in some countries where annual events are held, e.g., Oktoberfest in Germany or Koningsdag in the Netherlands. Other types of tourism, such as educational, medical, religious, etc., are also specified in their connection with certain European locations. As to the tourism policies of European countries – they have much in common bearing some differences. Eloquent example of successful implementation of state tourism policy are given in the article with the accent on the experience of France, Italy, Latvia, Romania and other countries. In most of them tourism policy is run by ministries or departments responsible for culture and sports. The role of the European Union and the World Tourism Organization is also specified in the article. Some dramatic consequences of COVID-19 for the development of world tourism industry, which changed this sphere radically, are also mentioned in the article as well as a certain shift in tourists’ preferences and motivations – from extremal to safe practices. Recognizing and realizing new reality many countries keep on supporting tourism business through modification of their plans, strategies and policies

Transportation policy toward sustainable tourism development

At Indonesia of East Java Province has great tourism potential with a development based on tourism that can provide economic growth to East Java province. In trying to maintain the existence of developing tourism and government of transportation policy through various tourist destinations and new infrastructure completeness. With the rapid development of tourism, making tourism sub-sector contributes greatly to the local income government. So, the purpose of this research is to identify the result of the analysis of tourism policy and transportation policy. In this study, The research would like to discuss how big the role of transportation in supporting tourism activities and increasing the growth of tourism in East Java along with the opportunities, supporting factors, and obstacles in increasing the growth of tourism. In the identification, it is found that transportation plays a big role in the growth of tourism that also affects the economic growth of the surrounding communities and the area so that poverty declines. The method used in this study is a descriptive statistical analysis by considering qualitative aspects as quantitative descriptors of the data obtained.

Analysis of tourism policy in a developing country: the case of Morocco

ABSTRACTThe strong growth of mass tourism since 1950 has made this industry one of the most important in the world. Many national governments have thus implemented policies aimed at generating income from tourism. This research analyses the evolution of the Moroccan tourism policy and various development strategies carried out by the government over the last 60 years. Moroccan policy managed to position the country as the top tourist destination in Africa in 2014. This study assesses public policies to demonstrate the important role played by the state in this growth process. It analyses the main tourism plans implemented by the Moroccan government, and proposes a discussion around the current tourism development model linked to international investment.

An evolutionary economic geography perspective on types of operation development in West Lake, China

The types of operation play a key role in facilitating tourism consumption and economic development in a tourism destination. By adopting evolutionary economic geography theory, the paper analyzes the types of operation in West Lake Scenic Area from 1978 to 2013. First, an evolution process consisting of four stages is underpinned, and they are: the new establishment stage, the preliminary development stage, the speedup development stage, and the stabilized maturity stage. Specifically, the distinct characteristics associated with operation types are compared and evaluated at different stages throughout the process. The evolution trees are introduced to scrutinize types of operation development. The results of evolution trees demonstrate the substantial increase in both numbers and types. Second, by applying GIS spatial analysis, the paper also analyzes the spatial evolution characteristics on the types of operation, and the results unveil the co-existence of centripetal and centrifugal forces: the processes of spatial agglomeration and spatial dispersion. More specifically, we recognize the spatial process includes the emergence of node and concentration (1978–1995), the sparse distribution and intensity reduction (1996–2002), the patchy distribution and spatial agglomeration intensification (2003–2008), the dispersed distribution and core area agglomeration (2009–2013). Lastly, path dependence on resource endowment, government and market innovation, knowledge learning and spillover can reasonably explain the types of operation evolution. In conclusion, the evolutionary economic geography theories provide new theoretical and empirical perspectives for tourism policy analysis. At the same time, our comprehensive evidences impart more comprehensive insights and offer useful managerial and policy implications.

‘To Spray or Not to Spray’: Developing a Tourism-Linked Research Agenda for Aircraft Disinsection

Increases in international air transport are playing a major role in the global dispersion of mosquito- borne diseases, notably malaria and dengue fever. Disinsection of aircraft is the formal name of the process undertaken to control disease vectors that may be inadvertently imported from endemic regions. The goals of not exposing passengers and crews to insecticides, while also eliminating mosquitoes on flights, are potentially incompatible concerns. Understanding this problematic tourism-health link is important as organisations and individuals strive to make global tourism more sustainable. Aircraft disinsection as a means of disease vector control offers multiple opportunities for tourism research. This review offers a broad study agenda involving tourism and social science work which reaches beyond the medical research paradigm that dominates disinsection studies. It can be suggested that the key question is not whether to side with disinsection or not, but under what conditions is it most effective? Such decisions can be assisted through more integrated aviation and tourism policy analysis, crew and passenger health studies, analysis of crew behaviours and interpretation research.

Computable general equilibrium modelling: an important tool for tourism policy analysis

Purpose – Economic impact analysis in tourism has recently undergone a profound change in approach. In contrast to earlier emphasis on input-output (I-O) models, computable general equilibrium (CGE) models, are being used worldwide to estimate the resulting net macroeconomic and industry effects and for tourism policy analysis. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the role that computable general equilibrium modelling is playing and can play in estimating the economic impacts of tourism shocks and in tourism policy formulation and implementation by destination managers. Design – The study discusses the nature of CGE modelling to project the economic impacts of tourism demand shocks, comparing its advantages over standard I-O analysis. It then identifies several studies where CGE analysis provides insights to tourism researchers that could not be revealed using the standard I-O technique. The importance of CGE analysis for tourism policy analysis is highlighted. Methodology and Approach – The study reviews important contributions to CGE modelling in tourism contexts, including many of the authors publications Findings – The paper discusses applications of CGE modelling to tourism, identifying several areas where tourism analysis and policy have been suitably informed as a result of such modelling. Particular insights that CGE modelling has brought to tourism planning, forecasting and policy analysis are identified. Originality of the research – Due to its technical nature, tourism researchers are generally unaware of the advantages of CGE modelling compared to standard economic impact analysis using I-O models. This study identifies and discuss the key reasons why CGE modelling should be accorded greater attention by governments and their agencies, consultants and researchers associated with tourism analysis and policy.

Measuring the Effect of Subsidization on Tourism Demand and Destination Competitiveness through the AIDS Model: An Evidence-Based Approach to Tourism Policymaking

There is increasing recognition of the need for improved policymaking in tourism and the consequent evaluation of tourism public policies. This paper demonstrates the usefulness of econometric modelling for tourism policy analysis, showing that crucial information is generated from such econometric policy analysis. A dynamic Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model is used to quantify the impact on demand elasticity of Malta's policy of supporting British inclusive tour holidays. Such analysis can contribute to improved policymaking as the policymaker is informed about how and to what extent the market has responded to previous policies – thus promoting an evidence-based approach to tourism policymaking.

Assimilation of Tourism Satellite Accounts and Applied General Equilibrium Models to Inform Tourism Policy Analysis

Historically, tourism policy analysis in South Africa has posed challenges to accurate measurement. The primary reason for this is that tourism is not designated as an ‘industry’ in standard economic accounts. This paper therefore demonstrates the relevance and need for applied general equilibrium (AGE) models to be completed and extended through an integration with tourism satellite accounts (TSAs) as a tool for policy makers (especially tourism policy makers) in South Africa. The paper sets out the reasons behind the need for economic models for policy analysis and other purposes, and gives an overview of old and new approaches to tourism policy modelling. The relevance of integrated models to, specifically, tourism policy analysis both internationally and in the South African context is discussed, followed by an illustrative empirical simulation of an exogenous inbound tourism expansion of 10%, against the background of the relationship between tourism and economic development. Furthermore, the indirect effects of an input–output model are also presented for comparison. The results confirm that the integrated approach is a more accurate tool for policy analysis.

A typology of governance and its implications for tourism policy analysis

Governance is a key concept in politics and public policy that is increasingly utilised in tourism. Using the notion of “policy as theory”, a typology of governance suitable for tourism is systematically developed. Categorical variables are developed from the relationship between state intervention and self-regulation and the relationships between policy actors and steering modes. The resultant matrix identifies four governance types: hierarchies, markets, networks and communities. A 12-point framework of governance identifies core elements, including classifying characteristics, policy themes, policy standpoints, democratic models, primary focus, views of non-central actors, distinctions between policymaking and implementation, success criteria, implementation gaps, the reasons and solutions for those gaps and the primary policy instruments used. An example of the application is provided using an analysis of state party's implementation of the 1993 Convention on Biological Diversity. It is concluded that clear categorical variables contribute to improved formulation and evaluation of explanatory claims, help clarify key concepts and assist in the comparative analysis of governance and tourism policy between jurisdictions and over time.