Analysis Of Stress Distribution Research Articles

Corrigendum: Finite element analysis of stress distribution around a short implant according to a horizontally reduced bone in the mandible

Corrigendum: Finite element analysis of stress distribution around a short implant according to a horizontally reduced bone in the mandible

Mechanical analysis of radial performance in biodegradable polymeric vascular stents manufactured using micro-injection molding

Micro-injection molding (MiM) is a promising technique for manufacturing biodegradable polymeric vascular stents (BPVSs) at scale, in which a trapezoidal strut cross section is needed to ensure high-quality de-molding. However, there is a lack of research on the influence of the strut cross-sectional shape on its mechanical properties, posing a challenge in determining the key geometries of the strut when using MiM to produce BPVSs. Hence, this work has investigated the relationships between the geometry parameters, including the de-molding angle, and the radial support property of BPVSs using the finite element method. The results reveal that the radial stiffness of BPVSs is significantly affected by the de-molding angle, which can be counteracted by adjusting strut height, bending radius, and strut thickness. Stress distribution analysis underscores the crucial role of the curved portion of the support ring during compression, with the inner side of the curved region experiencing stress concentration. A mathematical model has been established to describe the relationships between the geometry parameters and the radial support property of the BPVSs. Notably, the radius of the neutral layer emerges as a key determinant of radial stiffness. This study is expected to serve as a guideline for the development of BPVSs that can be manufactured using MiM.

Three-dimensional mechanical characteristics analysis of bolted joints and loosening mechanism

Bolted joints are widely used in various industries. However, in challenging conditions such as shock, vibration, and temperature fluctuations, threads can loosen, leading to equipment damage and accidents. Scholars have introduced self-locking thread designs like wedge-shaped self-locking threads and stepped threads to improve anti-loosening performances. While experiments support their effectiveness, previous research primarily focused on optimizing thread structure parameters, and the studies of loosening mechanism are not in-depth enough, which restricts the development of anti-loosening bolted joints. This paper proposes a parametric modeling approach to create 3D elastic–plastic finite element models of bolted joints with different thread profiles. This approach allows for a comprehensive analysis of structural behavior, stress distribution, and load conditions, enabling the in-depth examination of the mechanical properties for thread loosening. A novel arc-lock anti-loosening threads design is proposed. Arc-lock threads are found to provide superior load distribution uniformity, increased normal force, and enhanced frictional resistance. Furthermore, the correctness of the finite element results is validated through photoelastic experiments and transverse vibration experiments. Results show that under a preload force of 225.5kN, the assembly of M24 Grade 10.9 bolts with Grade 10 nuts exhibit RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) values of 11.25, 9.02, and 8.76 for regular threads, wedge-shaped threads and arc-lock threads, respectively. Arc-lock threads demonstrate a more uniform stress distribution. In transverse vibration experiments under fully tightened conditions, regular threads loosened at the 2326th vibration cycle, while wedge-shaped self-locking threads and arc-lock threads maintained the preload percentages of 91.24% and 93.51%, respectively. These findings offer a scientific basis for understanding anti-loosening mechanisms in bolted joints and inform anti-loosening thread design.

Hydrodynamic and Structural Optimization of a Truss-Floating Aquaculture Vessel

A truss-floating aquaculture vessel is an innovative addition to the aquaculture industry, characterized by its large, porous, ship-shaped structure. It differs from traditional ships, offshore structures, and individual net cages. Due to its distinctive features, a large-scale truss-floating aquaculture vessel requires dedicated hydrodynamic and structural analysis, which is the primary focus of this paper. Our study starts with the calculation of wave loads acting on the vessel using the equivalent design wave method. Subsequently, it delves into the analysis of structural characteristics and stress distribution of the truss-floating aquaculture vessel, upon which structural optimization is performed. To determine the optimal design variables, a sensitivity analysis of the truss members is carried out using a parametric research method. Finally, the structure with multiple objectives is optimized using two distinct approaches: the adaptive simulated annealing algorithm (ASA) and the multi-island genetic algorithm (MIGA). The results reveal that prior to optimization, there is a risk of buckling and yielding damage occurring at various connections within the vessel structure. After optimization, the structural strength is significantly improved, accompanied by a reduction in the total weight of the vessel. This study offers a valuable reference for the design and structural safety assessment of this innovative truss-floating tank-type aquaculture vessel.

Tensile Failure Behaviors of Adhesively Bonded Structure Based on In Situ X-ray CT and FEA.

Adhesive bonding plays a pivotal role in structural connections, yet the bonding strength is notably affected by the presence of pore defects. However, the invisibility of interior pores severely poses a challenge to understanding their influence on tensile failure behaviors under loading. In this study, we present a pioneering investigation into the real-time micro-failure mechanisms of adhesively bonded structures using in situ X-ray micro-CT. Moreover, the high-precision finite element analysis (FEA) of stress distribution is realized by establishing the real adhesive layer model based on micro-CT slices. The findings unveil that pores induce stress concentration within the adhesive layer during the tensile process, with stress levels significantly contingent upon pore sizes rather than their specific shapes. Consequently, larger pores initiate and propagate cracks along their paths, ultimately culminating in the failure of adhesively bonded structures. These outcomes serve as a significant stride in elucidating how pore defects affect the bonding performance of adhesively bonded structures, offering invaluable insights into their mechanisms.

Статистичний метод визначення параметрів поля зсувних напружень в площині ковзання в багатокомпонентному сплаві

A method has been developed in which atomic sizes misfit and elastic modulus misfit at crystal lattice nodes are considered as discrete random variables and the definition of their dispersion allows to obtain analytical expressions for standard deviations and correlation lengths of the short- and long-wave components of stochastic shear stress field created by solute atoms in the glide plane in a multicomponent alloy. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the amount of calculations when determining the shear stress field parameters. The developed method was applied to calculate these parameters for the CrCoNiFeMn alloy. The calculated parameters were well correlated with similar parameters determined from the analysis of shear stress distributions in the glide plane, which were calculated by the method of direct summation of solute atoms contributions. In addition, it was found that there are separate effective crystal lattice distortions for the short- and long-wave components that differ from the average distortion that was proposed earlier. This results from the fact that these components are determined by solute atoms with different distance from the glide plane. Effective distortion is greater, the greater this distance from the glide plane. In addition, there is no single empirical constant for all alloy to determine the yield strength as a function of their shear modulus and average distortion. But the proposed method makes it possible to determine the main parameters of the shear stress field in a specific multicomponent alloy. These parameters can be used to calculate the yield strength of this alloy. Keywords: shear stress, multicomponent alloy, glide plane, solid solution.

3D finite element analysis of stress distribution as a result of oblique and horizontal forces after regenerative endodontic treatment part II: comparison of material thickness

AimThis study aimed to evaluate the stress distribution caused by secondary trauma forces after regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) using different thicknesses of coronary barrier material with three-dimensional finite element analysis(FEA).MethodA control model was created using the tomography image of the immature maxillary central tooth with computer software.Study models were created with the modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio of the materials used in RET.Enamel, dentin, cementum, periodontal ligament, cortical, and cancellous bone were modeled. Coronary barrier materials were applied in 3 mm and 5 mm thicknesses (Model 1: control model, model 2:3 mm/Calcium Enriched Mixture(CEM), model 3:3 mm/Mineral Trioxide Aggregate(MTA), model 4:3 mm/Biodentin, model 5:5 mm/CEM, model 6:5 mm/MTA, model 7:5 mm/Biodentin). For the trauma force simulation, 300 N force in the horizontal direction was applied to the buccal surface of the tooth in the first scenario. For the second scenario, maximum bite force simulation, a force of 240 N in the oblique direction was applied to the palatal surface of the tooth. FEA was performed with Algor Fempro. The resulting stresses were recorded as Von Mises, maximum, and minimum principal stresses.ResultsLower stress values were obtained in 5 mm models compared to 3 mm models. However, the difference between them was insignificant. Lower stress values were obtained in all RET models compared to the control model. The lowest stress values in dental tissues and bone tissue were obtained in the CEM models.ConclusionThis is the first study in which the stress caused by different thicknesses of CEM on dental tissues was evaluated with FEA. RET strengthens immature teeth biomechanically. CEM and Biodentin are more successful materials in stress distribution than MTA. Considering the cost of treatment, 3 mm material thickness is ideal for RET since there is no significant difference between the stress values resulting from the use of 5 mm and 3 mm coronary barrier material.

Non-contact characterization of material anisotropy of additive manufacturing components by electromagnetic acoustic resonance technique

Abstract The degree of material anisotropy in additive manufacturing (AM) components is greatly influenced by the AM process parameters and machine setup. It is crucial to develop an effective technique for evaluating the material anisotropy in AM components to optimize AM process parameters and component design. This paper proposed a non-contact ultrasonic characterization method using the electromagnetic acoustic resonance technique to characterize the anisotropy of AM components. Various electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) were designed and utilized to characterize the material anisotropy and to determine the principal direction of the AM components. The degree of anisotropy in AM components was characterized using radial radiation EMATs. The relationship between the degree of anisotropy and the laser scanning angle was explored and further determined through the acoustic birefringence factor. Experimental results demonstrated that the anisotropy of AM components is intricately associated with the laser scanning angle, and specific angles can render the AM components isotropic. Moreover, understanding the principal directions is of significance for structural design and analyzing stress distribution in anisotropic components. Therefore, the principal directions of AM components were obtained by rotating the linear polarization EMAT. Changes in the resonance spectrum captured by the linear polarization EMAT while evaluating of principal directions were clearly illustrated, despite negligible alterations in linear ultrasonic features. Metallographic diagrams further validated the experimental findings. This investigation presented a highly accurate and reliable alternative for characterizing the anisotropy of AM components.

Gradient honeycomb metastructure with broadband microwave absorption and effective mechanical resistance

Multifunctional metastructure integrated broadband microwave absorption and effective mechanical resistance has attracted much attention. However, multifunctional performance is limited by the lack of theoretical approaches to integrated design. Herein, a multi-layer impedance gradient honeycomb (MIGH) was designed through theoretical analysis and simulation calculation, and fabricated using 3D printing technique. A theoretical calculation strategy for impedance gradient structure was established based on the electromagnetic parameter equivalent method and the multi-layer finite iterative method. The impedance of MIGH was analyzed by the theoretical calculation strategy to resolve the broadband absorption. Intrinsic loss mechanism of matrix materials and distributions of electric fields, magnetic fields and power loss were analyzed to investigate the absorption mechanism. Experimental results indicated that a 15 ​mm thick designed metastructure can achieve the absorption more than 88.9% in the frequency range of 2-18 ​GHz. Moreover, equivalent mechanical parameters of MIGH was calculated by integral method according to the Y-shaped model. Finite Element analysis of stress distributions were carried out to predict the deformation behavior. Mechanical tests demonstrate that MIGH achieved the compression modulus of 22.89 ​MPa and flexure modulus of 17.05 ​MPa. The integration of broadband electromagnetic absorption and effective mechanical resistance was achieved by the proposed design principle and fabrication methodology.

The Impact of Implant Angulation on the Stress Distribution and Survival Rate of Implant-Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Retrospective Study.

Background Implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) have become a reliable method for the rehabilitation of edentulous patients, offering improved contour, function, esthetics, and overall oral health. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the impact of implant angulation on the stress distribution and survival rate of implant-supported FDPsusingfinite element analysis (FEA). Methods A retrospective cross-sectional design was employed, utilizing existing patient records and radiographic data. The study followed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines for transparent and comprehensive reporting. Sample size calculation was based on a reference study, considering a standard deviation of 2.5 for stress distribution measurements and a minimum detectable effect size of 1.0. Data collection included demographic and clinical characteristics, implant selection and placement details, prosthetic design and fabrication, as well as stress distribution analysis using FEA. Results The study included a total of 307 participants who met the inclusion criteria. Demographic variables demonstrated a balanced gender distribution (p = 0.172), with 51.5% males and 48.5% females. Smoking status (p < 0.001) and income level (p = 0.026) were significantly associated with the research outcomes. Implant characteristics analysis revealed three main types: NobelReplace Select (53.6%), Straumann Bone Level (31.9%), and BioHorizons Tapered Internal (14.5%). Implant type (p < 0.001), length (p = 0.003), diameter (p = 0.019), and manufacturer (p < 0.001) were all found to have statistically significant associations with the research outcomes. Conclusion The findings of this retrospective study highlight the importance of implant angulation on the stress distribution and survival rate of implant-supported FDPs. The evaluation of stress distribution patterns and the analysis of implant characteristics provide valuable insights for optimizing implant design and placement strategies.

Analysis of Stress Distribution of Composites Based on Hydroxyapatite by Finite Element Method

Self-propagating intermediate temperature synthesis (SIS) is a process that utilizes exothermic reactions to initiate and maintain component combustion so as to produce low porosity values and high hardness. It is necessary to know about the heat transfer phenomenon because SIS has a weakness, namely the high exothermic rate and very fast combustion rate which requires a high level of control. In addition, compression or compaction needs to be done because this method is expected to produce a homogeneous particle density distribution. The phenomenon of heat transfer and pressure that occurs in the SIS process is a simplification of the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) process, which can be simulated and analyzed using engineering software based on finite element analysis. Stress simulation that occurs with the addition of weight percent titanium 5%, 10% and 20% using a pressure of 171 MPa and produces a normal stress. The heat transfer simulation that occurs uses a temperature of 750 °C, 850 °C, and 950 °C with a processing time of 2 hours with variations in the addition of weight percent titanium 5%, 10%, and 20% which results in an effect on heat flux and temperature distribution. Samples that were given the addition of 20% titanium by weight were given a pressure of 171 MPa to produce a normal stress of-230.44 MPa with the lowest porosity value of 22.63%. Samples processed at 850 °C with the addition of 10% weight percent titanium produced the lowest heat flux value of 0.0027220 W/m2.

Residual stress distribution analysis in a J-groove dissimilar metal welded component of a reactor vessel bottom head using simulation and experiment

To simulate the verification process using materials from a decommissioned reactor, a mock-up of the bottom-mounted instrument nozzle in the Kori 1 reactor, where the nozzle was attached to a plate by J-groove dissimilar metal welding, was fabricated. The mock-up distortion was quantified by measuring the plate surface displacement after welding. The residual stresses formed on the support plate surface and the inner surface of the nozzle were then analyzed using the hole-drilling method, contour method, and neutron diffraction. Welding simulations were performed using a 3D finite element method to validate the measured results. The measured and computed stress distributions on the support plate exhibited reasonable agreement. Conversely, the stresses on the inside of the nozzle were found to have an indisputable difference in the contour method and neutron diffraction measurements, which demonstrated strong tensile and compressive hoop stresses, respectively. The possible origins of such differences were investigated and we have provided some suggestions for a precise evaluation in the simulation. This study is expected to be useful in future research on decommissioned reactors.

Couette-Poiseuille flow in a fluid overlying an anisotropic porous layer

In this study, Couette-Poiseuille flow inside a channel partially filled with a porous medium is treated. Considering the applicability to the practical scenarios, we assume that the porous medium is anisotropic in nature. More precisely, the model under steady-state assumption is described by the coupling of Brinkman-Forchheimer and Stokes equations. We develop the existence and uniqueness results corresponding to this two-dimensional Stokes-Brinkman-Forchheimer coupled system using the Browder-Minty theorem. For this we restrict the permeability to a diagonal matrix. The coupled system involves a non-linear term due to the Brinkman-Forchheimer equation. We propose an algorithm based on shooting and searching techniques to develop a numerical solution for this system, however, for an arbitrary anisotropic permeability matrix. The robustness of the presented numerical solution is established by comparing it with asymptotic solutions corresponding to small and large Darcy numbers. For the case of a large Darcy number, the problem of interest is a regular perturbation while the same is a singular perturbation problem for the case of a small Darcy number, which is dealt with using Prandtl's matching principle. With the velocity distribution determined, we have presented a comparative analysis of the shear stress distribution at the liquid-porous interface and at the bottom plate, which is of interest to analyze the stress distribution on the arterial wall. The asymptotic results are found to be in good agreement with those obtained numerically.

The effects of abrasive moving speed and motion mode on the thinning mechanism of SiC in three-body contact

Three-body contact is the main contact type in polishing process and leads to a different thinning mechanism than the two-body contact. Molecular dynamics simulation is employed to investigate the thinning mechanism of 3C-SiC substrate in three-body contact. The thinning mechanisms of 3C-SiC under different moving speeds and motion modes of diamond abrasive are compared. Through the analysis of force, temperature, potential energy, stress distribution and atomic flow field, the causes of different thinning mechanisms are explained. It is found that the influence of moving speed is mainly reflected in the temperature rise of substrate when the motion mode of abrasives is the same. The changes of motion mode will significantly alter the stress distribution, which is closely related to the damage depth and atomic flow field. When the feed speed is the same, increasing the self-rotation speed of abrasives can reduce concentration zone of hydrostatic stress and then reduce the damage depth. The self-rotation of abrasives will also change the distribution of von Mises stress, resulting in the different displacement directions of 3C-SiC atoms. Dislocations are more easily generated when the displacement direction of SiC atoms is the same. The moving speed of abrasive is found to have little effect on the thinning mechanism, while the motion mode of abrasive will significantly change the thinning mechanism.

Effect of Top-Coat Thickness and Interface Fluctuation on the Residual Stress in APS-TBCs

This study focused on the numerical simulation of the distribution of residual stress in yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings prepared with atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). We particularly investigated the stress distribution around the interface between the top coat and bond coat. During thermal spray deposition, droplets and particles deposit on the substrate in a complex manner, causing interface waviness and non-uniform stress distribution. Therefore, residual stress is an important consideration when preparing thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). Residual stresses directly affect the performance of bond coats (BCs) and ceramic top coats (TCs). To accurately evaluate residual stress, we considered interface waviness and the thickness of the ceramic top coat and conducted a detailed analysis of stress distribution. The results show that compressive stress exists at the TC/BC interface, which may be caused by the mismatch in the thermal expansion coefficient between the YSZ top coat and the substrate, potentially leading to coating delamination. Moreover, the residual stress at the TC/BC interface significantly increases with an increasing YSZ thickness. When the top-coat thickness exceeds 300 μm, stress concentration and failure of the coating are likely to occur. Meanwhile, the optimized thermal spray experiment results confirm that the residual stress at the BC/YSZ interface of the thermal barrier coating is tensile stress, with a maximum value of 155 MPa, which is consistent with the finite element calculation results. Furthermore, the failure modes of TBCs with rough interface conditions are discussed in detail. Our research provides important guidance for TBC design and optimizing their performance.

3D finite element analysis of stress distribution on the shape of resected root-end or with/without bone graft of a maxillary premolar during endodontic microsurgery

Background/purposeApical root resection pattern affects the stress distribution behavior in the apical region of the resected tooth. The purpose of the study was to compare the biomechanical responses of resected teeth between endodontic microsurgery (horizontal resection) and targeted endodontic microsurgery (round resection). Materials and methodsFive different models were developed. The basic model without resection (NR) was regarded as the control model, and the others involved: horizontal resection without bone grafting (HN), horizontal resection with bone grafting (HG), round resection without bone grafting (RN), and round resection with bone grafting (RG) models. A static load of 100 N was applied to the buccal and palatal cusps of all the teeth in a 30° oblique direction. The maximum von-Mises stress and tooth displacement values were analyzed and compared. ResultsBoth the HN and RN models exhibited lower stress distribution values on bone compared with the NR (control) model. Regarding maximum stress distribution at the root apex, the stress value of the RN model was slightly higher compared to the HN model, whereas the RG model displayed a slightly lower stress value in comparison with the HG model. For maximum tooth displacement value, there were no significant differences between the HN and RN models, as well as the HG and RG models. ConclusionThe round resection pattern had comparable stress distribution behaviors at the root apex and tooth displacement values with the horizontal resection pattern. Targeted endodontic microsurgery might provide better biomechanical response of the resected tooth after root-end resection.

Theoretical analysis of dynamic stress distribution around a circular damaged roadway under transient disturbance

AbstractExcavation damaged zone (EDZ) widely exists in the surrounding rock of underground roadway due to blasting excavation, which can further change the surrounding rock property and deteriorate the stability of the roadway. In the presented research, a damaged roadway model was developed to investigate the dynamic stress concentration factor (DSCF) distribution around the damaged roadway under a transient plane P wave. The influencing factors on DSCF distribution were discussed, including the shear modulus (μe/μd) of the intact surrounding rock to that of the damaged surrounding rock, the thickness of EDZ (Rd/R0), and the wavelength of the incident stress wave. Results indicated that the damaged surrounding rock around the roadway belongs to stress‐relaxed zones, and the existence of EDZ can reduce the overall DSCF of surrounding rock. As the ratio of μe/μd is increasing, both the maximum compressive and tensile stress concentrations in the damaged zones decrease gradually, which is opposite to that in the intact surrounding rock. A larger EDZ can induce a higher DSCF in the damaged surrounding rock and a smaller DSCF in the intact surrounding rock. As the incident stress wave's wavelength is increasing, the peak value of DSCF grows first before declining, finally followed by a constant value. Furthermore, the maximum compressive and tensile stress concentrations are always found near the surrounding rock that is perpendicular to and along the incoming direction of stress waves, respectively. The stress concentration in both intact and damaged surrounding rock near the incoming side of stress waves is higher than that at the transmitted side.

Dynamic Investigation of Electric Vehicle Suspension System Using Solid Works and ANSYS Software

Abstract: The suspension system affects ride comfort, handling, and safety. Optimizing suspension systems to improve rider experience and boost electric car and bike adoption is crucial as their popularity grows. ANSYS Finite Element Analysis (FEA) can analyze and optimize suspension designs for electric automobiles and bikes. FEA with ANSYS suspension system analysis and optimization is covered in this study. Electric vehicles' lower centre of gravity and variable load distribution make suspension analysis unusual, as the introduction states. Stress distribution, deformation, natural frequencies, and mode shapes analysis are described in FEA for suspension behavior. Performance, weight reduction, resource efficiency, quicker development cycles, and cost reductions are further highlighted by suspension design improvement. The paper examines multiobjective optimization, computational resource constraints, model complexity, and real-world variability as optimization difficulties. The effects of suspension system design and optimization on future electric cars and bikes are examined, highlighting the relevance of optimized suspensions in improving driving experiences and promoting electric vehicles as ecofriendly transportation solutions

Thermo-Mechanical Numerical Analysis of Stress and Damage Distribution within the Surrounding Rock of Underground Coal Gasification Panels

Underground coal gasification (UCG) is a promising technology for extracting synthesis gas from coal seams through in situ gasification. This study aims to investigate the thermo-mechanical behavior and integrity of the surrounding rock in the gasification vicinity to facilitate safe and efficient UCG operations. Rock property testing experiments are conducted under varying temperature conditions, revealing significant temperature dependencies for the thermal and mechanical parameters. A thermo-mechanical coupling model is developed to analyze the stress and damage distribution near the gasification chamber. The influence of the temperature dependency of stress states and failure risks during the gasification process is evaluated. In addition, the effects of panel orientation, chamber width, maintaining duration, operating temperature and operating pressure on the failure behavior of the gasification surrounding rocks are illustrated through parametric analysis. The findings have practical implications for the design and assessment of UCG processes, enhancing the safety and efficiency of coal gasification operations.

Effects on different full-coverage designs and materials of crack propagation in first mandibular molar: an extended finite element method study.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the biomechanical properties of fracture resistance in cracked teeth using five different full-coverage restorations made of three different materials. Materials and Methods: A 3D model of a mandibular first molar was created to design five different full-coverage repair models: crown, crown with composite resin filling inside, occlusal veneer, occlusal veneer with composite resin filling inside and onlay. These repair models were fabricated using three different materials, namely, zirconia, lithium disilicate (LDS), and a hybrid polymer-infiltrated ceramic network material (PIC). In total, 15 repair models were tested using the extended finite element method (XFEM), with an occlusal load of 5000N applied slowly to the occlusal surface of the restoration. The analysis of stress distribution in the restoration and dentin crack line was conducted to measure and record the crack initial load on the restoration and dentin. Results: The results showed that restorations on the occlusal surface significantly improved crack resistance, with zirconia exhibiting superior fracture resistance among the materials tested. Restorations of crown with composite resin filling inside demonstrated the highest resistance to fracture, while occlusal veneers showed the lowest. MPS concentration was observed at the interface between the restoration and dentin and at the root bifurcation, with the highest values at the top of crack development. Dentin covered by oxidized restorations had the highest displacement, while PIC restorations exhibited the lowest. Pulp analysis revealed selective MPS concentration and strain patterns in models with zirconia restorations and onlay, with pronounced pulp displacement in zirconia restorations and onlay. Enamel analysis indicated larger MPS values and displacements in zirconia restoration models and onlay, with higher strain in onlay. Restoration played a crucial role in protecting the tooth, with crack propagation initial loads in dentin surpassing restorations in experimental groups. Conclusion: This study confirms that full-coverage restorations significantly increased the fracture resistance of cracked teeth, with zirconia restorations significantly protecting the underlying cracked tooth. Elimination of fracture lines in the restoration design can improve fracture resistance in cracked teeth. The findings have implications for dental prosthetic design and clinical practice.